CN113756096B - 一种PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜及制备方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:步骤1,以SnCl2·2H2O为锡源,PVP为粘结剂,使用静电纺丝工艺制备SnCl2/PVP柔性纤维膜,再依次硫化和碳化,制备得到SnS/C柔性纤维膜;步骤2,将SnS/C柔性纤维膜浸泡在PEDOT:PSS水溶液的分散液中1‑10h,得到PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜。碳材料SnS/C和导电聚合物PEDOT:PSS整体提高了纤维膜的柔性,其中PEDOT:PSS还提高了柔性纤维膜总体的电导率,有望在锂硫电池、光催化、热电材料等能源领域有所应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于柔性纳米能源材料领域,具体为一种PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜及制备方法。
背景技术
近几年来,随着人们日常生活水平的提高,全球平均能耗也在逐渐增加,由于化石能源的大量使用,环境问题和地球资源短缺问题日渐严峻,因而引起了科研人员的关注,所以开发新型高效的绿色清洁能源迫在眉睫。
薄膜材料由于自身机械柔性优异、质量轻、易于回收等优点成为了新型绿色能源的未来发展趋势。通常薄膜材料的制备技术分为气相反应法-物理气相沉积和液相反应法-化学气相沉积,其中气相反应法-物理气相沉积包括电子束沉积、电弧加热沉积等方法,这些方法工艺复杂并且设备具有极高的成本;液相反应法-化学气相沉积需要使构成薄膜元素的气态反应剂或者液态反应剂在基底表面发生化学反应并沉积到基底上,然而,沉积的薄膜一般难以有效从基底上剥离,影响了薄膜的柔性。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供一种PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜及制备方法,通过导电聚合物PEDOT:PSS来进一步提高纤维膜的柔性和导电性。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现:
一种PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤1,以SnCl2·2H2O为锡源,PVP为粘结剂,使用静电纺丝工艺制备SnCl2/PVP柔性纤维膜,再依次硫化和碳化,制备得到SnS/C柔性纤维膜;
步骤2,将SnS/C柔性纤维膜浸泡在PEDOT:PSS水溶液形成的分散液中1-10h,得到PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜。
优选的,步骤1中所述的SnCl2/PVP柔性纤维膜按如下过程得到:
按(0.9-1.8)g:(0.5-1)g:5mL的比例,将SnCl2·2H2O和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶解在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,之后将所得的混合液在16-18kv的电压下静电纺丝,得到SnCl2/PVP柔性纤维膜。
进一步,步骤1先将所述的SnCl2/PVP柔性纤维膜真空干燥去除残余的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,之后干燥,再对所得的柔性纤维膜进行预氧化,之后再将预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP柔性纤维膜依次进行硫化和碳化。
进一步,步骤1将干燥后的柔性纤维膜在230-280℃下煅烧2-4h,得到预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP柔性纤维膜。
再进一步,步骤1将预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜在硫脲的作用下于230-280℃进行硫化,得到SnS/PVP纤维膜,之后对SnS/PVP纤维膜进行碳化。
进一步,其特征在于,步骤1将预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜在所述温度下硫化2-4h,硫脲与预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜的质量比为(5-10):1。
优选的,步骤1将SnS/PVP纤维膜在500-800℃下碳化4-8h,得到SnS/C柔性纤维膜。
优选的,步骤2将PEDOT:PSS水溶液加入到二甲基甲酰胺、乙二醇或二甲基亚砜中超声至PEDOT:PSS水溶液完全分散,得到所述的分散液。
优选的,步骤2中所述分散液中PEDOT:PSS水溶液的质量分数为0.5%-10%。
一种由上述任意一项所述的PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜的制备方法得到的PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益的技术效果是:
本发明一种PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜的制备方法,以DMF为溶剂,以SnCl2·2H2O为锡源,PVP为粘结剂,先使用静电纺丝工艺制备了SnCl2/PVP柔性纤维膜,再通过硫化、碳化,制备得到SnS/C柔性纤维膜,最后浸泡在PEDOT:PSS水溶液形成的分散液中,可制备出PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜,高导电性的PEDOT:PSS为柔性纤维膜提供了良好的导电性,为探索PEDOT:PSS-SnS/C潜在的光电及热电等性能及相关领域的应用提供重要的物质支持。本发明既能降低工艺成本,又可以快速且高效的制备出厚度可控的薄膜,制备了无需任何基底的柔性纤维膜,由于原始纤维膜的导电性能太差,通过硫化和碳化结合浸渍工艺,成功制备了PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜;碳材料SnS/C和导电聚合物PEDOT:PSS整体提高了纤维膜的柔性,其中PEDOT:PSS还提高了柔性纤维膜总体的电导率,有望在锂硫电池、光催化、热电材料等能源领域有所应用。
附图说明
图1是实施例1中SnS/C纤维膜的XRD图谱。
图2是实施例1中PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C纤维膜的SEM照片。
图3是实施例1中SnS/C纤维膜与PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜在室温下电导率性能的对比图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的结构原理和工作原理作详细叙述,所述是对本发明的解释而不是限定。
本发明一种PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:将0.9-1.8g的SnCl2·2H2O作为锡源分散在5mL的溶剂DMF中,在磁力搅拌器上使其溶解至无色溶液;
步骤二:向第一步所得溶液中加入0.5-1g PVP,在磁力搅拌器上搅拌至PVP完全溶解;
步骤三:将步骤二所得溶液放入注射器中,使用静电纺丝设备制备SnCl2/PVP纤维膜,静电纺丝电压为16-18kv,速率为0.5-1.5mL/min;
步骤四:将SnCl2/PVP纤维膜在真空干燥箱中干燥去除残余的溶剂,干燥后在马弗炉中预氧化,使线性高分子链转化为耐热的梯形环状结构,以稳定纤维形貌,为下一步的碳化奠定基础,预氧化温度为230-280℃,时间为2-4h;
步骤五:将装有预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中气体上游,装有硫脲的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中气体下游,对预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜进行硫化,在230-280℃下进行硫化2-4h,硫脲与预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜的质量比为(5-10):1,所通气体Ar/H2体积比为95:5,生成SnS/PVP纤维膜;
步骤六:将装有SnS/PVP纤维膜的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中,在500-800℃下进行碳化4-8h,所通气体Ar/H2体积比为95:5,生成SnS/C柔性纤维膜;
步骤七:取一定量的PEDOT:PSS水溶液,并加入有机溶剂稀释,有机溶剂为二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、乙二醇(EG)或二甲基亚砜(DMOS),超声至PEDOT:PSS水溶液完全分散,PEDOT:PSS分散液的浓度为0.5%-10wt%;
PEDOT:PSS水溶液为一个商业产品,规格为Clevious PH1000,具体信息如下:
步骤八:将SnS/C柔性纤维膜在PEDOT:PSS分散液中浸泡1-10h,得到PEDOT:PSS包覆SnS/C柔性纤维膜。
实施例1
本发明一种PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:将0.9g SnCl2·2H2O作为锡源分散在5mL DMF中,在磁力搅拌器上使其溶解至无色溶液;
步骤二:向第一步所得溶液中加入0.5g PVP,在磁力搅拌器上搅拌至PVP完全溶解;
步骤三:将步骤二所得溶液放入注射器中,使用静电纺丝设备制备SnCl2/PVP纤维膜,其中电压为18kv,速率为1mL/min;
步骤四:将SnCl2/PVP纤维膜在真空干燥箱中干燥去除残余的溶剂,干燥后在马弗炉中280℃预氧化2h以稳定纤维形貌;
步骤五:将装有预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中气体上游,装有硫脲的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中气体下游,对预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜进行硫化,在280℃下进行硫化2h,硫脲和预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜的质量比为5:1,所通气体Ar/H2比为95:5,生成SnS/PVP纤维膜;
步骤六:将装有SnS/PVP纤维膜的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中,,在650℃下进行碳化8h,所通气体Ar/H2比为95:5,生成SnS/C柔性纤维膜。
步骤七:取200μL的PEDOT:PSS水溶液,并加入1.8mL DMF稀释,超声至PEDOT:PSS水溶液完全分散制备10wt%的PEDOT:PSS分散液;
步骤八:将SnS/C柔性纤维膜在10wt%PEDOT:PSS分散液中浸泡2h,由于纤维膜具有一定的吸附能力,PEDOT:PSS小分子被吸附在纤维表面,得PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜。
图1为本发明原始SnS/C纤维膜XRD图谱,从XRD图谱与标准卡片对比可以发现,所制备的纤维膜为SnS纯相;图2为本发明实施例1中PEDOT:PSS包覆SnS/C纤维膜SEM图,从图中可以看出,PEDOT:PSS均匀的包覆在每根SnS/C纤维上。图3为本发明实施例1中SnS/C纤维膜与PEDOT:PSS包覆SnS/C纤维膜室温下电导率性能对比,可以明显看出,通过PEDOT:PSS包覆SnS/C纤维膜,电导率提高了12倍以上,表明PEDOT:PSS包覆可以极大提高SnS/C纤维膜的电导率。
实施例2
本发明一种PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:将1.8g SnCl2·2H2O作为锡源分散在5mL DMF中,在磁力搅拌器上使其溶解至无色溶液;
步骤二:向第一步所得溶液中加入0.5g PVP,在磁力搅拌器上搅拌至PVP完全溶解;
步骤三:将步骤二所得溶液放入注射器中,使用静电纺丝设备制备SnCl2/PVP纤维膜,其中电压为18kv,速率为1mL/min;
步骤四:将SnCl2/PVP纤维膜在真空干燥箱中干燥去除残余的溶剂,干燥后在马弗炉中280℃预氧化2h以稳定纤维形貌;
步骤五:将装有预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中气体上游,装有硫脲的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中气体下游,对预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜进行硫化,在250℃下进行硫化3h,硫脲和预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜的质量比为10:1,所通气体Ar/H2比为95:5,生成SnS/PVP纤维膜;
步骤六:将装有SnS/PVP纤维膜的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中,在550℃下进行碳化8h,所通气体Ar/H2比为95:5,生成SnS/C柔性纤维膜;
步骤七:取160μL的PEDOT:PSS水溶液,并加入1.84mL DMF稀释,超声至PEDOT:PSS水溶液完全分散制备8wt%的PEDOT:PSS分散液;
步骤八:将SnS/C柔性纤维膜在8wt%PEDOT:PSS分散液中浸泡5h,得PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜。
实施例3
本发明一种PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:将1.35g SnCl2·2H2O作为锡源分散在5mL DMF中,在磁力搅拌器上使其溶解至无色溶液;
步骤二:向第一步所得溶液中加入0.5g PVP,在磁力搅拌器上搅拌至PVP完全溶解;
步骤三:将步骤二所得溶液放入注射器中,使用静电纺丝设备制备SnCl2/PVP纤维膜,其中电压为18kv,速率为1mL/min;
步骤四:将SnCl2/PVP纤维膜在真空干燥箱中干燥去除残余的溶剂,干燥后在马弗炉中280℃预氧化2h以稳定纤维形貌;
步骤五:将装有预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中气体上游,装有硫脲的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中气体下游,对预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜进行硫化,在230℃下进行硫化4h,硫脲和预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜的质量比为8:1,所通气体Ar/H2比为95:5,生成SnS/PVP纤维膜;
步骤六:将装有SnS/PVP纤维膜的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中,在700℃下进行碳化6h,所通气体Ar/H2比为95:5,生成SnS/C柔性纤维膜;
步骤七:取120μL的PEDOT:PSS水溶液,并加入1.88mL DMF稀释,超声至PEDOT:PSS水溶液完全分散制备6wt%的PEDOT:PSS分散液;
步骤八:将SnS/C柔性纤维膜在6wt%PEDOT:PSS分散液中浸泡10h,得PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜。
实施例4
本发明一种PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:将0.9g SnCl2·2H2O作为锡源分散在5mL DMF中,在磁力搅拌器上使其溶解至无色溶液;
步骤二:向第一步所得溶液中加入0.5g PVP,在磁力搅拌器上搅拌至PVP完全溶解;
步骤三:将步骤二所得溶液放入注射器中,使用静电纺丝设备制备SnCl2/PVP纤维膜,其中电压为16kv,速率为1mL/min;
步骤四:将SnCl2/PVP纤维膜在真空干燥箱中干燥去除残余的溶剂,干燥后在马弗炉中260℃预氧化4h以稳定纤维形貌;
步骤五:将装有预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中气体上游,装有硫脲的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中气体下游,对预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜进行硫化,在250℃下进行硫化3h,硫脲和预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜的质量比为5:1,所通气体Ar/H2比为95:5,生成SnS/PVP纤维膜;
步骤六:将装有SnS/PVP纤维膜的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中,在600℃下进行碳化8h,所通气体Ar/H2比为95:5,生成SnS/C柔性纤维膜;
步骤七:取80μL的PEDOT:PSS水溶液,并加入1.92mL DMF稀释,超声至PEDOT:PSS水溶液完全分散制备4wt%的PEDOT:PSS分散液;
步骤八:将SnS/C柔性纤维膜在4wt%PEDOT:PSS分散液中浸泡3h,得PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜。
实施例5
本发明一种PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一:将1.35g SnCl2·2H2O作为锡源分散在5mL DMF中,在磁力搅拌器上使其溶解至无色溶液;
步骤二:向第一步所得溶液中加入0.5g PVP,在磁力搅拌器上搅拌至PVP完全溶解;
步骤三:将步骤二所得溶液放入注射器中,使用静电纺丝设备制备SnCl2/PVP纤维膜,其中电压为18kv,速率为1.5mL/min;
步骤四:将SnCl2/PVP纤维膜在真空干燥箱中干燥去除残余的溶剂,干燥后在马弗炉中230℃预氧化4h以稳定纤维形貌;
步骤五:将装有预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中气体上游,装有硫脲的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中气体下游,对预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜进行硫化,在280℃下进行硫化2h,硫脲和预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜的质量比为8:1,所通气体Ar/H2比为95:5,生成SnS/PVP纤维膜;
步骤六:将装有SnS/PVP纤维膜的陶瓷舟放入管式炉中,在700℃下进行碳化6h,所通气体Ar/H2比为95:5,生成SnS/C柔性纤维膜;
步骤七:取40μL的PEDOT:PSS水溶液,并加入1.96mL DMF稀释,超声至PEDOT:PSS水溶液完全分散制备2wt%的PEDOT:PSS分散液;
步骤八:将SnS/C柔性纤维膜在2wt%PEDOT:PSS分散液中浸泡7h,得PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜。
Claims (2)
1.一种PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤1,按(0.9-1.8)g:(0.5-1)g:5mL的比例,将SnCl2•2H2O和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶解在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,之后将所得的混合液在16-18 kv的电压下静电纺丝,得到SnCl2/PVP柔性纤维膜,将SnCl2/PVP柔性纤维膜真空干燥去除残余的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,之后干燥,再对所得的柔性纤维膜在230-280 ℃下煅烧2-4 h,得到预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP柔性纤维膜,之后再将预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP柔性纤维膜依次在硫脲的作用下于230-280硫化2-4 h和在500-800℃下一步碳化4-8 h,硫脲与预氧化后的SnCl2/PVP纤维膜的质量比为(5-10):1,制备得到SnS/C柔性纤维膜;
步骤2,将SnS/C柔性纤维膜浸泡在PEDOT:PSS水溶液形成的质量分数为0.5%-10 %的分散液中1-10 h,将PEDOT:PSS水溶液加入到二甲基甲酰胺、乙二醇或二甲基亚砜中超声至PEDOT:PSS水溶液完全分散,得到所述的分散液,得到PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜。
2.一种由权利要求1所述的PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜的制备方法得到的PEDOT:PSS包覆的SnS/C柔性纤维膜。
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