CN113754449A - 一种耐烧结材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种耐烧结材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113754449A
CN113754449A CN202110968476.4A CN202110968476A CN113754449A CN 113754449 A CN113754449 A CN 113754449A CN 202110968476 A CN202110968476 A CN 202110968476A CN 113754449 A CN113754449 A CN 113754449A
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China
Prior art keywords
sintering
powder
resistant material
aluminum
chloride
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CN202110968476.4A
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CN113754449B (zh
Inventor
余海军
钟应声
李爱霞
谢英豪
张学梅
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Hunan Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd
Guangdong Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd
Hunan Bangpu Automobile Circulation Co Ltd
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Hunan Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd
Guangdong Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd
Hunan Bangpu Automobile Circulation Co Ltd
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Application filed by Hunan Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd, Guangdong Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd, Hunan Bangpu Automobile Circulation Co Ltd filed Critical Hunan Brunp Recycling Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN202110968476.4A priority Critical patent/CN113754449B/zh
Publication of CN113754449A publication Critical patent/CN113754449A/zh
Priority to HU2300214A priority patent/HUP2300214A2/hu
Priority to GB2318195.1A priority patent/GB2621531A/en
Priority to DE112022000205.0T priority patent/DE112022000205T5/de
Priority to MX2023014183A priority patent/MX2023014183A/es
Priority to ES202390066A priority patent/ES2976206A1/es
Priority to PCT/CN2022/093594 priority patent/WO2023024598A1/zh
Priority to MA61497A priority patent/MA61497A1/fr
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Publication of CN113754449B publication Critical patent/CN113754449B/zh
Priority to US18/231,798 priority patent/US20230382805A1/en
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐烧结材料及其制备方法和应用,该烧结材料包括氧化镁、抗腐蚀剂、抗氧化剂和粘结剂,抗腐蚀剂包括重晶石粉和多孔石墨粉,抗氧化剂包括碳化铝和铝粉,粘结剂包括金属氯化物和硅溶胶,原料中的金属均从电炉渣的盐酸浸出液中提炼得到。本发明利用抗腐蚀剂提升耐烧结材料防侵蚀性,提高强度,利用复合抗氧化剂,提升抗氧化能力,且本发明的制备方法提高了电炉渣的资源利用率。电炉渣中占比最多的金属元素为镁、铝,因此利用镁的氧化物作为主体材料,除此之外,电炉渣盐酸浸出的其他氯盐均可以直接或者间接利用,既资源利用,又解决了主材料来源的问题。

Description

一种耐烧结材料及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料技术领域,具体涉及一种耐烧结材料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
废旧动力池是一种非常重要的可再利用资源,预计到2025年,我国废旧动力池报废量将超过60万吨,2030年废旧动力池报废量将超过150万吨,废旧动力池的报废量将呈现指数增长趋势。因此对于持续产生的废旧动力电池,废旧动力电池回收产业也将蓬勃发展,宁德时代、上汽集团、格林美、比亚迪、华友钴业等公司纷纷进入到废旧动力电池回收产业链当中。
当前,废旧动力电池的主流回收技术为火法-湿法回收技术,该技术步骤包括:拆解、放电、破碎、焙烧、筛分、浸出、除杂、萃取、合成等步骤,主要回收废旧动力电池中的镍、钴、锰、锂等重金属元素,以及铝、铜、铁、石墨等副产物。但在焙烧废旧动力电池的正极材料的时候,废旧锂电池中相当比例的偏聚氟乙烯、碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸甲酯、六氟磷酸锂、四氟硼酸锂、六氟砷酸锂等有机溶剂在高温分解掉,产生的有害物质直接对回收设备产生影响,特别是在高温、高压、复杂反应等条件下对直接接触电池活性材料的耐烧结材料损害尤为明显。
注意到,废旧动力电池的耐烧结材料以SiC复合材料、高MgO材料、SiO2-Al2O3材料居多,有机溶剂高温分解产生的物质容易与MgO、Al2O3、SiO2反应,侵蚀和渗透回转窑耐烧结材料,进而破坏耐烧结材料,发生脱落、开裂等情况。高温下,部分反应原理可由下反应式表示:
LiPF6→PF5+LiF
LiPF6+H2O→OPF3+LiF+2HF
LiF+H2O→HF+Li2O
2HF+MgO→MgF2+H2O
4HF+SiO2→SiF4+2H2O
SiC+4HF→SiF4+CH4
6HF+Al2O3→2AlF3+3H2O
同时发现,我国每年冶炼的电炉渣排放量超过3000万吨,一般将电炉渣进行深度掩埋、加工成建筑材料、露天堆弃等,因此电炉渣的综合利用率低,但是从电炉渣中提炼金属制备耐烧结材料用于废旧动力电池回收中却比较少见。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决上述现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本发明提出一种耐烧结材料及其制备方法和应用。
根据本发明的一个方面,提出了一种耐烧结材料,包括以下原料:氧化镁、抗腐蚀剂、抗氧化剂和粘结剂,所述抗腐蚀剂包括重晶石粉和多孔石墨粉,所述抗氧化剂包括碳化铝和铝粉,所述粘结剂包括金属氯化物和硅溶胶。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述氧化镁、抗腐蚀剂、抗氧化剂和粘结剂的质量比为(80-150):(1-15):(1-10):(0.1-10)。优选为110:3.5:2.0:2.5。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述重晶石粉和多孔石墨粉的质量比为(80-150):(1-10)。优选为(100-120):(7-10)。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述碳化铝和铝粉的质量比为(20-100):(1-30)。碳化铝的抗氧化能力比较强,因此抗氧化剂中碳化铝占比较多,增强了耐烧结材料抗氧化能力。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述金属氯化物和硅溶胶的质量比为10:(1-5);所述金属氯化物为氯化铁、氯化铬、氯化锌、氯化钴或氯化镍中的一种或几种。
本发明还提供所述的耐烧结材料的制备方法,所述原料中的金属均从电炉渣中提炼得到,具体包括以下步骤:
将电炉渣粉与盐酸混合进行酸浸,固液分离得到浸出液;浸出液中主要的盐有氯化镁、氯化铁、氯化铝等,固液分离所得不溶渣为硅渣,即二氧化硅。
将所述浸出液蒸发氯化氢得到氯盐溶液,加入碱液调节氯盐溶液的pH,分别生成氢氧化铝和氢氧化镁,沉淀后的氯盐溶液蒸发得到氯盐结晶;
所述氢氧化镁高温下脱水制得氧化镁,所述氯盐结晶高温下脱水制得金属氯化物,所述氢氧化铝与还原剂反应得到铝,铝与炭粉混合反应得到抗氧化剂;
将重晶石粉和多孔石墨粉混合制得抗腐蚀剂,将金属氯化物与硅溶胶混合制得粘结剂;
将所述氧化镁、抗腐蚀剂、抗氧化剂和粘结剂按比例混合得到混合料,再将所述混合料压制成坯料,在惰性气氛下加热,制得所述耐烧结材料。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述电炉渣粉与盐酸的固液比为10:(40-80)(g/mL);优选的,所述盐酸的浓度为8-12mol/L。进一步地,酸浸的时间为30-40min。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,在酸浸结束后,固液分离之前,还对酸浸后浆料进行热水水洗,酸浸后浆料与热水的体积比为1:(7.5-10),热水的温度为50-95℃。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,蒸发氯化氢的温度为70-95℃,蒸发至浸出液的体积减少200-400ml/L。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,沉淀所述氢氧化铝的pH为3.0-4.8,优选为3.50;沉淀所述氢氧化镁的pH为9.0-10.5,优选为9.40。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述碱液为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化镁或氢氧化钙溶液中的一种或几种,碱液的浓度为0.05-2mol/L。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,氢氧化镁和/或氯盐结晶高温下脱水的温度为180-300℃,脱水的时间为30-40min。所得到的氧化镁为无水氧化镁。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述还原剂为炭粉、煤粉、一氧化碳、氢气或硫化氢中的一种或几种;优选的,所述氢氧化铝与还原剂反应的温度为600-1100℃,更优选为850-1000℃。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述铝与炭粉反应前球磨成铝粉,铝粉和/或炭粉有超过90%的颗粒粒度<300μm,优选为<175μm。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,铝与炭粉反应的温度为800-1400℃,时间为200-400min,反应在保护气氛下进行,保护气氛为氩气、氦气或氖气中的一种。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述多孔石墨粉和/或重晶石粉有超过90%的颗粒粒度<150μm,优选为<85μm。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,坯料加热的温度为1140-1450℃,加热的时间为150-450min,所述惰性气氛为氮气、氦气、氖气或氩气中的一种。
本发明还提供所述的耐烧结材料在废旧动力电池回收中的应用。具体用于焙烧废旧动力电池的正极材料所用的烧结设备中。进一步地,烧结设备可以是回转窑。
根据本发明的一种优选的实施方式,至少具有以下有益效果:
1、本发明利用抗腐蚀剂提升耐烧结材料防侵蚀性,提高强度。为防止偏聚氟乙烯、六氟磷酸锂、四氟硼酸锂、六氟砷酸锂等物质中的氟对耐烧结材料的侵蚀作用,抗腐蚀剂中加入了大量的重晶石粉,重晶石粉具有防高温防腐蚀作用,通过混合包覆,让氧化镁裹上“一层防护衣”。利用多孔石墨孔隙发达的特性,能为材料受热后体积变化提供提供一定缓冲空间,很好的解决了氧化镁高温下体积增大导致耐烧结材料膨胀的问题。
2、本发明利用复合抗氧化剂,提升抗氧化能力。在电极材料焙烧,有机溶剂必须通氧气氧化热解,才能去除掉,因此回转窑烧内壁的结耐烧结材料很容易氧化,耐烧结砖的结构也更容易脆弱,因此耐烧结材料对防氧化性能的要求更高。本发明中加入碳化铝-铝粉的复合抗氧化剂进行防氧化,铝具有一定还原性,碳化铝的抗氧化能力比较强,两者复合能够增强耐烧结材料抗氧化能力。
3、本发明的制备方法提高了电炉渣的资源利用率。电炉渣中占比最多的金属元素为镁、铝,因此利用镁的氧化物作为主体材料,既资源利用,又解决了主材料来源的问题。同时利用还原得到的铝粉制备碳化铝-铝粉复合抗氧化剂,解决了耐烧结材料中抗氧化剂主材料来源问题。另外,所制得的金属氯化物可当做粘结剂中原材料使用。综上所述,电炉渣盐酸浸出的氯盐均可以直接或者间接利用。此外,电炉渣中含大量硅基氧化物,如果直接使用电炉渣制耐烧结材料将会降低材料的耐压强度,本发明并未直接利用电炉渣制耐烧结材料,而是通过酸浸除去硅基氧化物,利用其中的金属,材料的耐压强度也有所提高。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步的说明,其中:
图1为本发明实施例1的工艺流程图;
图2为本发明实施例1电炉渣的SEM图;
图3为本发明实施例1耐烧结材料的SEM图;
图4为本发明对比例1耐烧结材料的SEM图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例对本发明的构思及产生的技术效果进行清楚、完整地描述,以充分地理解本发明的目的、特征和效果。显然,所描述的实施例只是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例,基于本发明的实施例,本领域的技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的其他实施例,均属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本实施例制备了一种耐烧结材料,由氧化镁、抗腐蚀剂、抗氧化剂和粘结剂按质量比110:4.5:2.0:2.5组成,抗腐蚀剂由重晶石粉和多孔石墨粉按质量比110:7.5组成,抗氧化剂由碳化铝和铝粉按质量比35:3.7组成,粘结剂由金属氯化物和硅溶胶按质量比10:1.2组成,金属氯化物有氯化铁、氯化铬、氯化锌、氯化钴和氯化镍。参照图1,具体制备过程如下:
(1)电炉渣粉的浸出:电炉渣粉与浓度为9.3mol/L盐酸按固液比10:55(g/mL)混合得电炉渣浆料,搅拌反应36min,得酸浸后浆料,冷却,再用约63℃的热水水洗2次,酸浸后浆料与热水的体积比为100:850,水洗结束后抽滤得浸出液,不溶物为硅渣(二氧化硅),浸出液中的盐有氯化镁、氯化铁、氯化铝、氯化铬、氯化锌、氯化钴和氯化镍;
(2)浸出液中回收水解产物:浸出液送至蒸发装置中,在约90℃下蒸发氯化氢得氯盐溶液,蒸发至浸出液的体积减少约280ml/L,加入浓度为0.15mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液,先调节氯盐溶液pH至3.62,回收氢氧化铝沉淀,再调节氯盐溶液pH至9.57,回收氢氧化镁沉淀,剩余的氯盐溶液蒸发得到氯盐结晶;
(3)制备复合抗氧化剂以及氧化镁、金属氯化物:将氢氧化镁和氯盐结晶置于窑炉中245℃高温脱水32min得无水氧化镁和金属氯化物,氢氧化铝置于窑炉中加炭粉混合,在约1020℃下还原得铝,铝球磨成铝粉,铝粉和适量的炭粉混合,在约860℃窑炉中氩气气氛下反应240min,得碳化铝-铝粉复合抗氧化剂,碳化铝和铝粉的质量比为3:1;
(4)制备抗腐蚀剂、粘结剂:将重晶石粉和多孔石墨粉按质量比110:7.5在干燥混合机中混合制成抗腐蚀剂,将金属氯化物与硅溶胶按质量比10:1.2混合配制成粘结剂;
(5)制备耐烧结材料:将无水氧化镁、抗腐蚀剂、抗氧化剂、粘结剂按质量比110:4.5:2.0:2.5在混合机中混合得混合料,加料次序为:氧化镁与抗腐蚀剂先混合均匀,再加抗氧化剂、粘结剂混合均匀,混合料在压料机中制成坯料,在氮气气氛下,坯料置于电感加热炉加热至约1380℃并保温180min,制得耐烧结材料。
实施例2
本实施例制备了一种耐烧结材料,由氧化镁、抗腐蚀剂、抗氧化剂和粘结剂按质量比100:3.5:2.5:1.0组成,抗腐蚀剂由重晶石粉和多孔石墨粉按质量比100:7.5组成,抗氧化剂由碳化铝和铝粉按质量比33:6.1组成,粘结剂由金属氯化物和硅溶胶按质量比10:1.5组成,金属氯化物有氯化铁、氯化铬、氯化锌、氯化钴和氯化镍。具体制备过程如下:
(1)电炉渣粉的浸出:电炉渣粉与浓度为9.5mol/L盐酸按固液比10:55(g/mL)混合得电炉渣浆料,搅拌反应40min,得酸浸后浆料,冷却,再用约75℃的热水水洗2次,酸浸后浆料与热水的体积比为100:860,水洗结束后抽滤得浸出液,不溶物为硅渣(二氧化硅),浸出液中的盐有氯化镁、氯化铁、氯化铝、氯化铬、氯化锌、氯化钴和氯化镍;
(2)浸出液中回收水解产物:浸出液送至蒸发装置中,在约82℃下蒸发氯化氢得氯盐溶液,蒸发至浸出液的体积减少约340ml/L,加入浓度为0.50mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液,先调节氯盐溶液pH至3.87,回收氢氧化铝沉淀,再调节氯盐溶液pH至9.68,回收氢氧化镁沉淀,剩余的氯盐溶液蒸发得到氯盐结晶;
(3)制备复合抗氧化剂以及氧化镁、金属氯化物:将氢氧化镁和氯盐结晶置于烘干箱中270℃高温脱水36min得无水氧化镁和金属氯化物,氢氧化铝置于窑炉中加煤粉混合,在约1020℃下还原得铝,铝球磨成铝粉,铝粉和适量的炭粉混合,在约980℃窑炉中氩气气氛下反应300min,得碳化铝-铝粉复合抗氧化剂,碳化铝和铝粉的质量比为7:2;
(4)制备抗腐蚀剂、粘结剂:将重晶石粉和多孔石墨粉按质量比100:7.5在干燥混合机中混合制成抗腐蚀剂,将金属氯化物与硅溶胶按质量比10:1.5混合配制成粘结剂;
(5)制备耐烧结材料:将无水氧化镁、抗腐蚀剂、抗氧化剂、粘结剂按质量比100:3.5:2.5:1.0在混合机中混合得混合料,加料次序为:氧化镁与抗腐蚀剂先混合均匀,再加抗氧化剂、粘结剂混合均匀,混合料在压料机中制成坯料,在氮气气氛下,坯料置于电感加热炉加热至约1450℃并保温200min,制得耐烧结材料。
实施例3
本实施例制备了一种耐烧结材料,由氧化镁、抗腐蚀剂、抗氧化剂和粘结剂按质量比120:5.5:2.5:3.5组成,抗腐蚀剂由重晶石粉和多孔石墨粉按质量比120:7.5组成,抗氧化剂由碳化铝和铝粉按质量比48:14.5组成,粘结剂由金属氯化物和硅溶胶按质量比10:1.8组成,金属氯化物有氯化铁、氯化铬、氯化锌、氯化钴和氯化镍。具体制备过程如下:
(1)电炉渣粉的浸出:电炉渣粉与浓度为9.3mol/L盐酸按固液比10:70(g/mL)混合得电炉渣浆料,搅拌反应35min,得酸浸后浆料,冷却,再用约88℃的热水水洗2次,酸浸后浆料与热水的体积比为100:920,水洗结束后抽滤得浸出液,不溶物为硅渣(二氧化硅),浸出液中的盐有氯化镁、氯化铁、氯化铝、氯化铬、氯化锌、氯化钴和氯化镍;
(2)浸出液中回收水解产物:浸出液送至蒸发装置中,在约95℃下蒸发氯化氢得氯盐溶液,蒸发至浸出液的体积减少约330ml/L,加入浓度为0.30mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液,先调节氯盐溶液pH至3.83,回收氢氧化铝沉淀,再调节氯盐溶液pH至9.74,回收氢氧化镁沉淀,剩余的氯盐溶液蒸发得到氯盐结晶;
(3)制备复合抗氧化剂以及氧化镁、金属氯化物:将氢氧化镁和氯盐结晶置于烘干箱中285℃高温脱水36min得无水氧化镁和金属氯化物,氢氧化铝置于窑炉中加煤粉混合,在约1050℃下还原得铝,铝球磨成铝粉,铝粉和适量的炭粉混合,在约1345℃窑炉中氩气气氛下反应360min,得碳化铝-铝粉复合抗氧化剂,碳化铝和铝粉的质量比为5:1;
(4)制备抗腐蚀剂、粘结剂:将重晶石粉和多孔石墨粉按质量比120:7.5在干燥混合机中混合制成抗腐蚀剂,将金属氯化物与硅溶胶按质量比10:1.8混合配制成粘结剂;
(5)制备耐烧结材料:将无水氧化镁、抗腐蚀剂、抗氧化剂、粘结剂按质量比120:5.5:2.5:3.5在混合机中混合得混合料,加料次序为:氧化镁与抗腐蚀剂先混合均匀,再加抗氧化剂、粘结剂混合均匀,混合料在压料机中制成坯料,在氮气气氛下,坯料置于电感加热炉加热至约1360℃并保温250min,制得耐烧结材料。
对比例1
本对比例制备了一种耐烧结材料,与实施例1的区别在于,用步骤(1)中的硅渣代替氧化镁制备成耐烧结材料,步骤(1)-(4)与实施例1一样,步骤(5)的具体过程为:
制备耐烧结材料:将硅渣、抗腐蚀剂、抗氧化剂、粘结剂按质量比110:4.5:2.0:2.5在混合机中混合得混合料,加料次序为:硅渣与抗腐蚀剂先混合均匀,再加抗氧化剂、粘结剂混合均匀,混合料在压料机中制成坯料,在氮气气氛下,坯料置于电感加热炉加热至约1380℃并保温180min,制得耐烧结材料。
对比例2
本实施例制备了一种耐烧结材料,与实施例1的区别在于,用步骤(1)中的硅渣代替85的质量比的氧化镁制备成耐烧结材料,步骤(1)-(4)与实施例1一样,步骤(5)的具体过程为:
制备耐烧结材料:将硅渣、无水氧化镁、抗腐蚀剂、抗氧化剂、粘结剂按质量比85:35:4.5:2.0:2.5在混合机中混合得混合料,加料次序为:硅渣、氧化镁与抗腐蚀剂先混合均匀,再加抗氧化剂、粘结剂混合均匀,混合料在压料机中制成坯料,在氮气气氛下,坯料置于电感加热炉加热至约1380℃并保温180min,制得耐烧结材料。
对比例3
本实施例制备了一种耐烧结材料,与实施例1的区别在于耐烧结材料中不添加抗氧化剂,步骤(1)-(4)与实施例1一样,步骤(5)的具体过程为:
制备耐烧结材料:将无水氧化镁、抗腐蚀剂、粘结剂按质量比100:3.5:1.0在混合机中混合得混合料,加料次序为:氧化镁与抗腐蚀剂先混合均匀,再加粘结剂混合均匀,混合料在压料机中制成坯料,在氮气气氛下,坯料置于电感加热炉加热至约1460℃并保温180min,制得耐烧结材料。
将实施例1-3与对比例1-3制得的耐烧结材料置于回转窑中进行耐烧结测试,测试期间在400-900℃下共焙烧14批电极材料。
表1实施例与对比例所得耐烧结材料的性能测试
Figure BDA0003224783720000091
由表1可以看出,对比例1和2的耐压强度较实施例低,这是由于对比例1和2中含有大量硅基氧化物,降低了耐烧结材料耐压强度,对比例3的烧结减少量明显比实施例高,因此脱落的厚度较大,这是由于对比例3中未添加抗氧化剂,材料更容易氧化,使得材料的结构也更容易脆弱,多次焙烧后脱落较多。另外,对比例1比对比例2的脱落厚度较大、减少量较多,表明硅渣中掺入部分比例的无水氧化镁作为主体材料,也能一定程度上提高防腐蚀性和抗氧化性。
上面结合附图对本发明实施例作了详细说明,但是本发明不限于上述实施例,在所属技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。此外,在不冲突的情况下,本发明的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。

Claims (10)

1.一种耐烧结材料,其特征在于,包括以下原料:氧化镁、抗腐蚀剂、抗氧化剂和粘结剂,所述抗腐蚀剂包括重晶石粉和多孔石墨粉,所述抗氧化剂包括碳化铝和铝粉,所述粘结剂包括金属氯化物和硅溶胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐烧结材料,其特征在于,所述氧化镁、抗腐蚀剂、抗氧化剂和粘结剂的质量比为(80-150):(1-15):(1-10):(0.1-10)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐烧结材料,其特征在于,所述重晶石粉和多孔石墨粉的质量比为(80-150):(1-10)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的耐烧结材料,其特征在于,所述碳化铝和铝粉的质量比为(20-100):(1-30)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的耐烧结材料,其特征在于,所述金属氯化物和硅溶胶的质量比为10:(1-5);优选的,所述金属氯化物为氯化铁、氯化铬、氯化锌、氯化钴或氯化镍中的一种或几种。
6.权利要求1-5任一项所述的耐烧结材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述原料中的金属均从电炉渣中提炼得到,具体包括以下步骤:
将电炉渣粉与盐酸混合进行酸浸,固液分离得到浸出液;
将所述浸出液蒸发氯化氢得到氯盐溶液,加入碱液调节氯盐溶液的pH,分别生成氢氧化铝和氢氧化镁,沉淀后的氯盐溶液蒸发得到氯盐结晶;
所述氢氧化镁高温下脱水制得氧化镁,所述氯盐结晶高温下脱水制得金属氯化物,所述氢氧化铝与还原剂反应得到铝,铝与炭粉混合反应得到抗氧化剂;
将重晶石粉和多孔石墨粉混合制得抗腐蚀剂,将金属氯化物与硅溶胶混合制得粘结剂;
将所述氧化镁、抗腐蚀剂、抗氧化剂和粘结剂按比例混合得到混合料,再将所述混合料压制成坯料,在惰性气氛下加热,制得所述耐烧结材料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述电炉渣粉与盐酸的固液比为10:(40-80)(g/mL);优选的,所述盐酸的浓度为8-12mol/L。
8.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,沉淀所述氢氧化铝的pH为3.0-4.8;沉淀所述氢氧化镁的pH为9.0-10.5。
9.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述还原剂为炭粉、煤粉、一氧化碳、氢气或硫化氢中的一种或几种;优选的,所述氢氧化铝与还原剂反应的温度为600-1100℃。
10.权利要求1-5任一项所述的耐烧结材料在废旧动力电池回收中的应用。
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