CN113736606B - 蓝指蕉果酒及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- CN113736606B CN113736606B CN202111125864.2A CN202111125864A CN113736606B CN 113736606 B CN113736606 B CN 113736606B CN 202111125864 A CN202111125864 A CN 202111125864A CN 113736606 B CN113736606 B CN 113736606B
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种蓝指蕉果酒及其制备方法,它是将新鲜蓝指蕉、枇杷和枸杞经过酶解、糖酸度调整、发酵、陈酿制备蓝指蕉原果酒;再在蓝指蕉原果酒中通过添加蓝指蕉蒸馏酒、刺梨汁和蜂蜜进行调配得果酒;该果酒富含低聚糖、多肽、氨基酸、有机酸、皂苷、维生素和矿物质等营养物质,具有润肺止咳、促进新陈代谢、延缓衰老的功能;蓝指蕉果酒澄清透亮,口感酸甜谐调,入口爽净,回味绵柔,醇香果香花香并存,适量饮用,益于身体健康。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种蓝指蕉果酒及其制备方法,尤其适于蓝指蕉枇杷枸杞发酵果酒。
技术背景
蓝指蕉(Decaisnea fargesii Franch.),又名猫屎瓜、猫儿屎、猫瓜、鸡肠子、猫屎枫、水冬瓜、都哥杆、羊角立、羊角子、齿果、粘连子、猫屎包、鬼指头、小苦糖、猫屎筒,系木通科(Lardiyabalaeeae)猫儿瓜属落叶灌木植物,在我国自华北至江南各省均有分布,在甘肃省陇南地区有着丰富的自然资源。
蓝指蕉根和果实均可入药,《陕西中草药》谓其“根及果实清热解毒,治肛门烂、阴痒、疝气”。《贵州草药》记载蓝指蕉:甘辛;辛;性平。可清肺止咳,驱风除湿,治肺痨咳嗽、风湿关节痛。民间亦有该植物的食用记载,其果实呈蓝紫色、多浆汁状,富含糖类、蛋白质、脂肪、果胶、维生素和矿物元素等物质,营养丰富,味道甘甜,籽油清亮透明。此外,蓝指蕉的果皮与果实相比,矿物质含量更高,还含有橡胶类成分。
枇杷,味甘酸,性寒。枇杷含有蛋白质、脂肪、糖类、纤维素、胡萝卜素、苹果酸、柠檬酸,以及钙、磷、铁等矿物质,维生素B1、B2、B6、维生素C等。《本草纲目》记载,枇杷清肺止咳,抑制病毒,预防流感,保护视力,滋润皮肤,调理脾胃,美容养颜,补充营养,强身健体的功效都很强。所以枇杷在我国古代就被当做是治疗肺热引起的咳喘的良药,吃枇杷对人体五脏有益。
枸杞,味甘,性平,甘,平。归肝、肾经。《本草纲目》记为“甘平而润,性滋而补”。《中华本草》记载具有补肾益精、养肝明目、补血安神、润肺止咳。枸杞富含枸杞多糖、类胡萝卜素和其他小分子,如类黄酮、生物碱、酰胺、香豆素、木脂素、萜类化合物、固醇类、有机酸、花青素和药效氨基酸等。具有养肝、滋肾润肺、补虚益精、清热明目的功能。
柠檬,味酸、微苦,性温。《本草纲目》中记载柠檬具有生津、止渴、祛暑功能。柠檬含有丰富有机酸、柠檬酸,还含有维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C等多种营养成分,柠檬是高度碱性食品,具有很强的抗氧化作用,对促进肌肤的新陈代谢、延缓衰老及抑制色素沉着等十分有效。
刺梨,味酸、涩、性平。刺梨肉质肥厚、味酸甜、果实富含糖、维生素、胡萝卜素有机酸和20多种氨基酸、10余种对人体有益的微量元素,以及过氧化物歧化酶。其中维生素C含量极高,是当前水果中最高的,每100g鲜果中含量841.58~3541.13mg,是柑橘的50倍,猕猴桃的10倍,有“维生素C之王” 的美称。刺梨能够润肺、化痰、止咳,对于肺热所导致的咳嗽、咳痰、咳血,适当食用刺梨有很好的滋润肺经而达到止痰、止咳的功能。能够清热、降火、生津,对于热病伤津或者温热病的后期所造成的阴虚火旺,适当食用刺梨有很好的清热降火、生发口中津液的作用。刺梨提取物中有效成份维生素C ,有抗衰老、延长女性青春期等作用。
蜂蜜,味甘,气平,微温,不冷不燥。除含有大量糖类物质外,还含有多酚类化合物、维生素类、生物活性酶、蛋白质、氨基酸和矿物质元素等营养成分。《本草纲目》中记载蜂蜜益气温中,润燥解毒,养脾胃,祛痫痉,止肠癖,除口疮、心腹猝痛,补五脏不足,通大便久闭。具有消炎、祛痰、润肺、止咳等功效。
蓝指蕉果实成熟后,果皮呈蓝紫色,果肉多浆汁,浆汁的可溶性固形物约16.6%。果实富含糖类、蛋白质、脂肪、果胶、维生素和矿物元素等物质,营养丰富。随着蓝指蕉种植技术日趋成熟,蓝指蕉的种植面积日益增加,盛果期蓝指蕉果实亩产量高达1000kg,目前仅有占比1/4不到的种子用于榨油,3/4以上的果皮和果肉未得到利用。为了提高蓝指蕉的利用率,增加附加值,将果皮以及果肉发酵后制备蓝指蕉果酒。
CN106398958A公开了一种山荆子风味猫屎瓜果酒及其酿制方法,采用猫屎瓜果实螺旋榨汁与山荆子共同发酵制备温中健胃、降逆止呕功效的果酒。CN201611129774.X公开了一种猫屎瓜风味山黄皮软糖及生产方法,采用破碎机破碎的猫屎瓜接入果酒酵母和果醋酵母发酵的果醋与山黄皮酒及中药煎煮液制备改善饮食积滞、食欲不振人群的软糖。CN201610819909.9公开了一种猫屎瓜风味鳄梨酸奶,采用猫屎瓜打浆与鳄梨果酒及紫荆、紫金牛经乳酸菌发酵,制作清肺止咳、润肺化痰的猫屎瓜风味鳄梨酸奶。
上述公开申请中对于蓝指蕉采用挤压、破碎机打浆方式制备蓝指蕉汁,在制备时种子容易被破坏,籽油会进入汁中;另外,由于蓝指蕉气味比较独特,现有受众较少。
发明内容
本发明的目的是:提供一种蓝指蕉果酒及其制备方法,在蓝指蕉原果酒中加入蓝指蕉蒸馏酒、刺梨汁以及蜂蜜,调配获得蓝指蕉果酒;该果酒富含低聚糖、多肽、氨基酸、有机酸、皂苷、维生素和矿物质等营养物质,具有润肺止咳、促进新陈代谢、延缓衰老的功能;该果酒色泽均匀,澄清透亮,口感酸甜谐调,入口爽净,回味绵柔,醇香果香花香并存;适量饮用,益于身体健康。
本发明的原理是:将新鲜蓝指蕉、枇杷和枸杞经过酶解、糖酸度调整、发酵、陈酿制备蓝指蕉原果酒;再在蓝指蕉原果酒中通过添加蓝指蕉蒸馏酒、刺梨汁和蜂蜜进行调配得果酒。
本发明的技术解决方案是:该蓝指蕉果酒,它由下列重量比的物料调配而成:蓝指蕉原果酒75~85份,蓝指蕉蒸馏酒8~15份、刺梨汁6~8份、蜂蜜1~2份。
所述蓝指蕉原果酒采用以下步骤制备:
1)原料挑选与清洗:挑选成熟度高、无霉烂变质、无病虫害、总糖(以葡萄糖计)与总酸(以柠檬酸计)比在25~27的蓝指蕉;新鲜、成熟、无损伤的枇杷、枸杞和柠檬;分别用流水清洗去除表面微生物和泥沙,流水洗净后用纯净水冲洗2~3次;
2)蓝指蕉预处理:清洗后的蓝指蕉放入去皮籽设备中,通过去皮籽设备将蓝指蕉果皮、包裹种子的果肉分开;种子含有20%左右的油,为了防止种子破碎,将包裹种子果肉置于7~10目的不锈钢筛中,搓揉力度为490~560N,筛上的种子清洗后榨油,榨油后的种子饼粕用作饲料,筛下的果肉中加入其质量0.03~0.05%的维生素C,放入螺旋榨汁机中榨汁,蓝指蕉果肉浆液备用,果渣干燥后用于补充膳食纤维;果皮放在石磨中,研磨3遍80目滤袋过滤得果皮浆液;将石磨上的橡胶刮下,用作橡胶原料;
3)枇杷汁、枸杞汁和柠檬汁:去核切块的枇杷中加入其质量0.01~0.015%的维生素C和其质量0.015~0.02%的异抗坏血酸钠;枸杞中加入其质量0.01~0.02%的维生素C和其质量0.015~0.025%的异抗坏血酸钠;柠檬去皮去籽切块;分别放入螺旋榨汁机、组织捣碎机和原汁榨汁机中榨汁,得枇杷汁、枸杞汁和柠檬汁;组织捣碎机的转速3800rpm捣碎46s;枇杷汁、枸杞汁和柠檬汁备用,果渣处理同蓝指蕉果渣;
4)酶解:蓝指蕉果皮浆液和果肉浆液按照1:2的质量比加入酶解罐中,充分混匀;酶解罐升温至75℃时,开始保温15min,保温结束后启动搅拌100~120rpm,待温度降至50℃时,搅拌转速调节至80~100rpm,按浆液质量的0.5%加入酶活为1万u/mL的纤维素酶,按浆液质量的0.3%加入酶活为1万u/mL的糖化酶,按浆液质量的0.2%加入酶活为10万u/g的木瓜蛋白酶,一次酶解2.5h;一次酶解结束后,加入蓝指蕉果皮浆液、果肉浆液质量之和的10~15%的枇杷汁及其质量的6~10%的枸杞汁,搅拌均匀;然后再加入柠檬汁,将浆液的pH值调节至3.5~3.8,按浆液和果汁总质量的0.01%加入酶活为1万u/g的果胶酶进行二次酶解,酶解3~4h;二次酶解结束后,升温至80~85℃,保温10~15min灭酶;
5)离心:将酶解液泵入离心机进行离心,0~4℃,7000~8000rpm离心15~20min,得到上清液,下层沉淀加入下一批浆液中酶解;
6)糖酸度调整:上清液中加入蜂蜜进行糖度调整,糖度调节至20~22%;加入柠檬酸钠调整酸度,pH调节至4.2~4.5;灭菌;调整后上清液加入灭菌的玻璃发酵罐中,至发酵罐容量的70~75%,加热至85℃保温20min,然后开启搅拌,80~100rpm;
7)接种:待发酵罐温度降至35℃左右,接入35℃活化18~22min的A660均为0.8~0.85的果酒酵母与异常汉逊氏酵母,接种量分别为上清液质量的1~1.25%和0.5~0.75%;
8)发酵:接种后将温度调节至30℃,风量1L/min,一次发酵20~22h之后关闭通风系统,同时将搅拌转速调0,温度调节至29℃;加入已灭菌的质量浓度50%的蜂蜜溶液,加入量为上清液质量的4~5%,搅拌均匀后调整至转速为0,二次发酵36~40h,将温度调节至28℃;加入已灭菌的质量浓度50%的蜂蜜溶液,加入量为上清液质量的2~2.5%,搅拌均匀后调整至转速为0,待三次发酵至酒精度10.5~11.5%Vol时停止发酵,将温度调节至20℃;
9)倒酒:将上层澄清透明的发酵液虹吸入贮酒罐,加入发酵液质量1~2%的干花,封口得蓝指蕉原果酒;干花为玫瑰花、茉莉花、桂花、金银花、槐花中的一种或多种组合,采用粉碎机粉碎至40~60目,按照需要量称重后混匀,装入180目滤袋中,经紫外线杀菌设备杀菌后,快速扎紧袋口放入贮酒罐中;下层酒渣经真空冷凝回流获得蓝指蕉蒸馏酒,蒸馏酒加入贮酒罐中封口,贮酒罐的贮液量离罐口1~1.5cm,密封;
10)陈酿:将封口的蓝指蕉原果酒放入5~15℃恒温库中,放置7~14d。
所述蓝指蕉蒸馏酒是指:步骤9)倒酒后的酒渣,采用真空度0.085~0.09MPa,50~60℃冷凝回流,获得的酒精度75~85%VoL的酒。
所述刺梨汁是指:选择黄色、九成熟的刺梨果实,流水洗净后,纯净水清洗2~3次,置于振动筛中振动2~3min软化硬刺;然后去除果蒂和种子,切块,放入螺旋榨汁机中榨汁,得刺梨原汁;所得刺梨原汁中加入其质量0.5~1%的果胶和其质量0.2~0.4%的单宁,搅拌均匀后,温度调整至8~10℃,静置3~4h;再调整至-1~-4℃,静置36~48h;打开底部球阀至1/2的位置,当流出液澄清时,后续流出的澄清汁为刺梨汁。
所述蜂蜜是指:枇杷蜂蜜、枸杞蜂蜜、荆条蜂蜜、黄莲蜂蜜和槐花蜂蜜中的一种或多种组合。
所述蓝指蕉果酒的制备方法,它包括以下步骤:
1)调配:将蓝指蕉原果酒中的干花过滤袋取出,量取75~85份投入配酒罐中,再加入刺梨汁6~8份、蜂蜜1~2份、蓝指蕉蒸馏酒8~15份,充分混匀;在20℃条件下在配酒罐中对酒度、糖度、酸度进行调整,获得色泽均匀、澄清透亮、风味协调、酒度15~22%Vol、具有蓝指蕉果香花香醇香的基酒;
2)过滤:调配后的基酒泵入0.45um的精密过滤器,进行过滤;
3)杀菌:将过滤后的蓝指蕉基酒,依据果酒度数调整,温度42~53℃灭菌10~15min,趁热无菌灌装,封口获得成品果酒。
本发明的优点是:
1、本发明蓝指蕉果酒制备中将果皮与包裹种子的果肉分开,果皮和果肉浆液进行复合酶酶解,添加枇杷汁和枸杞汁,柠檬汁调节酸度后进行果胶酶酶解,低温高速离心获得蓝指蕉枇杷枸杞酶解汁;蜂蜜调节糖度,柠檬酸钠调节酸度,接入复合酵母菌发酵,真空低温冷凝回流蒸馏果酒,陈酿过程中加入干花,用蒸馏酒、刺梨汁、蜂蜜进行蓝指蕉果酒调配,通过蒸馏酒和干花陈酿的蓝指蕉原果酒的加入量,调配多种酒度和复合香型的果酒,根据酒度进行灭菌温度的控制,使果酒的香气和色泽均匀分布,滋味更加协调,润肺止咳,促进新陈代谢,延缓衰老。
2、蓝指蕉果皮和果肉浆液经75℃保温15min,不仅起到灭菌作用,同时使得浆液中的酶失活,淀粉糊化;再经纤维素酶、蛋白酶和糖化酶复合酶解,蓝指蕉中的糖类、有机酸、维生素和矿物元素等物质溶出,纤维素酶解为低聚糖、葡糖糖和还原糖等,蛋白质酶解为多肽及氨基酸等,淀粉经酶解为葡萄糖;将枇杷汁和枸杞汁与蓝指蕉酶解液混匀,柠檬汁调节酸度后加入果胶酶酶解;蓝指蕉果皮和果肉浆液与枇杷汁、枸杞汁和柠檬汁通过酶解,除去果胶使酶解液易于澄清,使酶解液的营养物质更丰富,分子量更小,有利于于酵母菌发酵,更易于人体消化吸收。
3、采用真空低温冷凝回流蓝指蕉蒸馏酒,在真空条件下,蒸馏温度低,减少了对蓝指蕉果酒营养物质的破坏,提高了蒸馏效率,同时将果酒中的芳香物质冷却回流,获得营养保留率高、蓝指蕉及花香馥郁的蓝指蕉蒸馏酒。
4、采用蓝指蕉果肉加入维生素C进行破碎,枇杷和枸杞用维生素C护色后进行破碎,提高蓝指蕉浆液、枇杷汁和枸杞汁的抗氧化活性,同时防止褐变;将性平的蓝指蕉和刺梨汁与寒性的枇杷和枸杞、温性的蜂蜜进行配伍,发挥各自的优势起到优势互补作用,使果酒的滋味更佳。
5、采用蓝指蕉原酒中加入干花,干花破碎至40~60目,利于干花中水溶性营养物质的溶出,同时防止干花形成沉淀,经紫外线灭菌处理,干花装入一定目数的滤袋中浸渍,干花中的糖、氨基酸、有机酸、酚类、游离黄酮及其苷类、皂苷、生物碱等营养物质融入原酒,使原酒的香气、颜色和营养物质更丰富。
6、采用蓝指蕉蒸馏酒、刺梨汁、蜂蜜和蓝指蕉发酵原酒进行调配,丰富果酒多肽、氨基酸、果糖、维生素和矿物元素等营养物质,赋予果酒润肺止咳、促进新陈代谢、延缓衰老功能;通过调配使果酒的酒度、甜味和酸味更加协调,蓝指蕉及花香气馥郁,口感酸甜谐调,入口爽净,回味绵甜。
7、本发明制备的蓝指蕉果酒,色泽正常,澄清透亮,蓝指蕉果香花香醇香,酸甜协调,每百毫升蓝指蕉果酒中,酒度(20℃)15~22%Vol,总糖(以葡萄糖计)5.5~8.5g,干浸出物不低于1g,总酸(以乙酸计)不高于0.5g,维生素C不低于0.01g,总酯(以乙酸乙酯计)不低于0.02g,总皂苷不低于0.12g。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明的技术解决方案,这些实施例不能理解为是对技术方案的限制。
实施例1:一种蓝指蕉果酒,由下列重量比的物料调配而成:蓝指蕉原果酒85kg,蓝指蕉蒸馏酒8kg、刺梨汁6kg、蜂蜜1kg。
所述蓝指蕉原果酒的制备采用以下步骤:
1)原料挑选与清洗:挑选成熟度高、无霉烂变质、无病虫害、总糖(以葡萄糖计)与总酸(以柠檬酸计)比在25的蓝指蕉;新鲜、成熟、无损伤的枇杷、枸杞和柠檬;分别用流水清洗去除表面微生物和泥沙,流水洗净后用纯净水冲洗2次;
2)蓝指蕉预处理:清洗后的蓝指蕉放入去皮籽设备中,通过去皮籽设备将蓝指蕉果皮、包裹种子的果肉分开;种子含有20%左右的油,为了防止种子破碎,将包裹种子的果肉置于7目的不锈钢筛子中,搓揉力度为490N,筛上的种子清洗后榨油,榨油后的种子饼粕用作饲料;筛下的果肉中加入其质量0.03%的维生素C,放入螺旋榨汁机中榨汁,蓝指蕉果肉浆液备用;果渣干燥后用于补充膳食纤维;果皮放在石磨中,研磨3遍80目滤袋过滤得果皮浆液;将石磨上的橡胶刮下,用作橡胶原料;
3)枇杷汁、枸杞汁和柠檬汁:去核切块的枇杷中加入其质量0.01%的维生素C和其质量0.015%的异抗坏血酸钠;枸杞中加入其质量0.01%的维生素C和其质量0.015%的异抗坏血酸钠;柠檬去皮去籽切块;分别放入螺旋榨汁机、组织捣碎机和原汁榨汁机中榨汁,得枇杷汁、枸杞汁和柠檬汁备用;组织捣碎机的转速3800rpm,捣碎46s;果渣处理同蓝指蕉果渣;
4)酶解:蓝指蕉果皮浆液和果肉浆液按照1:2的质量比投入酶解罐中,充分混匀;酶解罐升温至75℃时,开始保温15min;保温结束后启动搅拌100rpm,待温度降至50℃时,搅拌转速调节至80rpm;按浆液质量的0.5%加入酶活为1万u/mL的纤维素酶,按浆液质量的0.3%加入酶活为1万u/mL的糖化酶,按浆液质量的0.2%加入酶活为10万u/g的木瓜蛋白酶,一次酶解2.5h;一次酶解结束后,加入蓝指蕉果皮浆液和果肉浆液的质量之和的10%的枇杷汁,和蓝指蕉果皮浆液和果肉浆液的质量之和的6%的枸杞汁,搅拌均匀;再加入柠檬汁,将浆液的pH值调节至3.5;按浆液和果汁总质量的0.01%加入酶活为1万u/g的果胶酶进行二次酶解,二次酶解3h;二次酶解结束后升温至80℃,保温15min灭酶;
5)离心:将酶解液泵入离心机进行离心,0℃,7000rpm离心15min,得上清液,下层沉淀加入下一批浆液中酶解;
6)糖酸度调整:上清液中加入蜂蜜进行糖度调整,糖度调节至20%;再加入柠檬酸钠调整酸度,pH调节至4.2;灭菌;加入灭菌的玻璃发酵罐中,至发酵罐容量的70%,加热至85℃保温20min,然后开启搅拌,80rpm;
7)接种:灭菌后待温度降至35℃左右,接入35℃活化18min的A660均为0.8的果酒酵母与异常汉逊氏酵母,接种量分别为上清液质量的1.25%和0.75%;
8)发酵:接种后将温度调节至30℃,风量1L/min,一次发酵20h之后关闭通风系统,同时将搅拌转速调0,温度调节至29℃;加入已灭菌的质量浓度50%的蜂蜜溶液,加入量为上清液质量的4%,搅拌均匀后调整至转速为0,二次发酵36h,将温度调节至28℃;加入已灭菌的质量浓度50%的蜂蜜溶液,加入量为上清液质量的2%,搅拌均匀后调整至转速为0,待三次发酵至酒精度10.5~11.5%Vol时停止发酵,将温度调节至20℃;
9)倒酒:将上层澄清透明的发酵液虹吸入贮酒罐,加入发酵液质量1%的干玫瑰花,封口得蓝指蕉原果酒;干玫瑰花采用粉碎机粉碎至40目,按照需要量称重后混匀,装入180目滤袋中,经紫外线杀菌设备杀菌后,快速扎紧袋口;下层酒渣经真空冷凝回流获得蓝指蕉蒸馏酒,蒸馏酒加入贮酒罐中封口,贮酒罐的贮液量离罐口1cm,密封;
10)陈酿:将封口的蓝指蕉原果酒放入5℃恒温库中,放置7d。
所述蓝指蕉蒸馏酒是指:步骤9)倒酒后酒渣,采用真空度0.085MPa,50℃冷凝回流,得酒精度75%VoL的酒。
所述刺梨汁是指:选择黄色、九成熟的刺梨果实,流水洗净后,纯净水清洗2次;置于振动筛中2min,去除果蒂和种子;切块,放入螺旋榨汁机中榨汁,得刺梨原汁;果渣处理同蓝指蕉果皮渣;所得刺梨原汁中加入其质量0.5%的果胶和其质量0.2%的单宁,搅拌均匀,温度调整至8℃静置3h,再调整至-1℃静置36h;打开底部球阀至1/2的位置,当流出液澄清时,后续流出的澄清汁为刺梨汁。
所述蜂蜜是指:枇杷蜂蜜600g,枸杞蜂蜜400g,备用。
所述蓝指蕉果酒的制备方法,它包括以下步骤:
1)调配:将蓝指蕉原果酒中的干花过滤袋取出,量取蓝指蕉原果酒85kg投入调配罐中;再加入刺梨汁6kg、蜂蜜1kg、蓝指蕉蒸馏酒8kg,充分混匀;20℃条件下在调配罐中对酒度、糖度、酸度进行调整,获得色泽均匀、澄清透亮、风味协调、酒度15%Vol、具有蓝指蕉果香花香醇香的基酒;
2)过滤:基酒泵入0.45um的精密过滤器,进行过滤;
3)杀菌:将过滤后的蓝指蕉基酒依据果酒度数调整,温度53℃灭菌10min,趁热无菌灌装,封口获得成品果酒。
实施例1制备的蓝指蕉果酒,色泽桔黄,澄清透亮,蓝指蕉果香玫瑰花香醇香;每百毫升蓝指蕉果酒中,酒度(20℃)15%Vol,总糖(以葡萄糖计)8.5g,干浸出物1.3g,总酸(以乙酸计)0.38g,维生素C0.015g,总酯(以乙酸乙酯计)0.02g,总皂苷0.125g。
实施例2:一种蓝指蕉果酒,由下列重量比的物料调配而成:蓝指蕉原果酒80kg,蓝指蕉蒸馏酒11.5kg、刺梨汁7kg、蜂蜜1.5kg。
所述的蓝指蕉原果酒,采用以下步骤制备:
1)原料挑选与清洗:挑选成熟度高、无霉烂变质、无病虫害、总糖(以葡萄糖计)与总酸(以柠檬酸计)比在26的蓝指蕉;新鲜、成熟、无损伤的枇杷、枸杞和柠檬;分别用流水清洗去除表面微生物和泥沙,流水洗净后用纯净水冲洗3次;
2)蓝指蕉预处理:清洗后的蓝指蕉放入去皮籽设备中,通过去皮籽设备将蓝指蕉果皮、包裹种子的果肉分开;种子含有20%左右的油,为了防止种子破碎,将包裹种子的果肉置于8目的不锈钢筛子中,搓揉力度为530N;筛上的种子清洗后榨油,榨油后的种子饼粕用作饲料;筛下的果肉中加入其质量0.04%的维生素C,放入螺旋榨汁机中榨汁,蓝指蕉果汁备用;果渣处理同蓝指蕉果渣;果皮放在石磨中,研磨3遍80目滤袋过滤得果皮浆液;将石磨上的橡胶刮下,用作橡胶原料;
3)枇杷汁、枸杞汁和柠檬汁:去核切块的枇杷中加入其质量0.012%的维生素C和其质量0.018%的异抗坏血酸钠,枸杞中加入其质量0.015%的维生素C和其质量0.02%的异抗坏血酸钠,柠檬去皮去籽切块;分别放入螺旋榨汁机、组织捣碎机和原汁榨汁机中榨汁,枇杷汁、枸杞汁和柠檬汁备用;组织捣碎机的转速3800rpm,捣碎46s;果渣处理同蓝指蕉果渣;
4)酶解:蓝指蕉果皮浆液和果肉浆液按照1:2的质量比投入酶解罐中,充分混匀;酶解罐升温至75℃时,开始保温15min,保温结束后启动搅拌110rpm,待温度降至50℃时,搅拌转速调节至90rpm,按浆液质量0.5%加入酶活为1万u/mL的纤维素酶,按浆液质量0.3%加入酶活为1万u/mL的糖化酶,按浆液质量0.2%加入酶活为10万u/g的木瓜蛋白酶,一次酶解2.5h;一次酶解结束后,加入蓝指蕉果皮和果肉浆液质量的13%枇杷汁和其质量8%枸杞汁,搅拌均匀;再加入柠檬汁,将浆液的pH值调节至3.7,按浆液和果汁总质量的0.01%加入酶活为1万u/g的果胶酶进行酶解,二次酶解3.5h;二次酶解结束后,升温至83℃,保温13min灭酶;
5)离心:将酶解液泵入离心机,2℃,7500rpm离心18min,得到上清液,下层沉淀加入下一批浆液中酶解;
6)糖酸度调整:上清液中加入蜂蜜进行糖度调整,糖度调节至21%;加入柠檬酸钠调整酸度,pH调节至4.3;调整后上清液加入灭菌的玻璃发酵罐中,至发酵罐容量的73%,加热至85℃保温20min,然后开启搅拌,90rpm;
7)接种:待温度降至35℃左右,接入35℃活化20min的A660均为0.83的果酒酵母与异常汉逊氏酵母,接种量分别为上清液质量的1.15%和0.65%;
8)发酵:接种后将温度调节至30℃,风量1L/min,一次发酵21h之后关闭通风系统,同时将搅拌转速调0,温度调节至29℃;再加入已灭菌的质量浓度50%的蜂蜜溶液,加入量为上清液质量的4.5%,搅拌均匀后调整至转速为0,二次发酵38h,将温度调节至28℃;再加入已灭菌的质量浓度50%的蜂蜜溶液,加入量为上清液质量的2.3%,搅拌均匀后调整至转速为0,待三次发酵至酒精度11%Vol时停止发酵,将温度调节至20℃;
9)倒酒:将上层澄清透明的发酵液虹吸入贮酒罐,加入发酵液质量1.5%的干花,封口得蓝指蕉原果酒;干花为茉莉花和金银花,采用粉碎机粉碎至50目,按照茉莉花:金银花质量比2:1称重后混匀,装入180目滤袋中,经紫外线杀菌设备杀菌后,快速扎紧袋口;下层酒渣经真空冷凝回流获得蓝指蕉蒸馏酒,蒸馏酒加入贮酒罐中封口,贮酒罐的贮液量离罐口1.3cm,密封;
10)陈酿:将封口的蓝指蕉原果酒放入10℃恒温库中,放置11d。
所述的蓝指蕉蒸馏酒是指:步骤9)倒酒后的酒渣,采用真空度0.088MPa,55℃冷凝回流,获得的酒精度80%VoL的酒。
所述的刺梨汁是指:选择黄色、九成熟的刺梨果实,流水洗净后,纯净水清洗3次,置于振动筛中3min,去除果蒂和种子,切块,放入螺旋榨汁机中榨汁,得刺梨原汁;果渣处理同蓝指蕉果皮渣;所得刺梨原汁中加入其质量0.8%的果胶和其质量0.3%的单宁,搅拌均匀,温度调整至9℃静置3.5h,再调整至-2℃静置44h;打开底部球阀至1/2位置,当初始流出液澄清时,后续流出的澄清汁为刺梨汁。
所述的蜜蜂是指:荆条蜂蜜375g、黄莲蜂蜜375g和槐花蜂蜜750g,称重混匀。
所述的蓝指蕉果酒,它包括以下制备步骤:
1)调配:将蓝指蕉原果酒中的干花过滤袋取出,量取蓝指蕉原果酒80kg投入配酒罐中;再加入刺梨汁7kg、蜂蜜1.5kg、蓝指蕉蒸馏酒11.5kg,在配酒罐中对酒度、糖度、酸度进行调整,充分混匀后获得色泽均匀、澄清透亮、风味协调、酒度(20℃)18%Vol、具有蓝指蕉果香花香醇香的基酒;
2)过滤:基酒泵入0.45um的精密过滤器进行过滤;
3)杀菌:将过滤后的蓝指蕉基酒,依据果酒度数调节,温度48℃灭菌13min,趁热无菌灌装,封口获得成品果酒。
本发明制备的蓝指蕉果酒,色泽橙黄,澄清透亮,蓝指蕉果香茉莉花香醇香;每百毫升蓝指蕉果酒中,酒度(20℃)18%Vol,总糖(以葡萄糖计)6.9g,干浸出物1.2g,总酸(以乙酸计)0.4g,维生素C0.02g,总酯(以乙酸乙酯计)0.026g,总皂苷0.131g。
实施例3:一种蓝指蕉果酒,由下列重量比的物料调配而成:蓝指蕉原果酒75份,蓝指蕉蒸馏酒15份、刺梨汁8份、蜂蜜2份。
所述的蓝指蕉原果酒,采用以下步骤制备:
1)原料挑选与清洗:挑选成熟度高、无霉烂变质、无病虫害、总糖(以葡萄糖计)与总酸(以柠檬酸计)比在27的蓝指蕉;新鲜、成熟、无损伤的枇杷、枸杞和柠檬;分别用流水清洗去除表面微生物和泥沙,流水洗净后用纯净水冲洗3次;
2)蓝指蕉预处理:清洗后的蓝指蕉放入去皮籽设备中,通过去皮籽设备将蓝指蕉果皮、包裹种子的果肉分开;种子含有20%左右的油,为了防止种子破碎,将包裹种子的果肉置于10目的不锈钢筛子中,搓揉力度为560N;筛上的种子清洗后榨油,榨油后的种子饼粕用作饲料;筛下的果肉中加入其质量0.05%的维生素C,放入螺旋榨汁机中榨汁,蓝指蕉果汁备用;果渣处理同蓝指蕉果渣;果皮放在石磨中,研磨3遍80目滤袋过滤得果皮浆液;将石磨上的橡胶刮下,用作橡胶原料;
3)枇杷汁、枸杞汁和柠檬汁:去核切块的枇杷中加入其质量0.015%的维生素C和其质量0.02%的异抗坏血酸钠,枸杞中加入其质量0.02%的维生素C和其质量0.025%的异抗坏血酸钠;柠檬去皮去籽切块;分别放入螺旋榨汁机、组织捣碎机和原汁榨汁机中榨汁,枇杷汁、枸杞汁和柠檬汁备用;组织捣碎机的转速3800rpm,捣碎46s;果渣处理同蓝指蕉果渣;
4)酶解:蓝指蕉果皮浆液和果肉浆液按照1:2的质量比投入酶解罐中,充分混匀;酶解罐升温至75℃时,开始保温15min,保温结束后启动搅拌120rpm;待温度降至50℃时,搅拌转速调节至100rpm,按浆液质量的0.5%加入酶活为1万u/mL的纤维素酶,按浆液质量的0.3%加入酶活为1万u/mL的糖化酶,按浆液质量的0.2%加入酶活为10万u/g的木瓜蛋白酶,一次酶解2.5h;一次酶解结束后,加入蓝指蕉果皮浆液和果肉浆液质量的15%的枇杷汁和其质量10%的枸杞汁,搅拌均匀;再加入柠檬汁,将浆液的pH值调节至3.8,按浆液和果汁总质量的0.01%加入酶活为1万u/g的果胶酶,二次酶解4h;二次酶解结束后升温至85℃,保温10min灭酶;
5)离心:将酶解液泵入离心机,4℃,8000rpm离心15min,得到上清液,下层沉淀加入下一批浆液中酶解;
6)糖酸度调整:上清液中加入蜂蜜进行糖度调整,糖度调节至22%;加入柠檬酸钠调整酸度,pH调节至4.5;调整后上清液加入灭菌的玻璃发酵罐中,至发酵罐容量的75%,加热至85℃保温20min,然后开启搅拌,100rpm;
7)接种:待温度降至35℃左右,接入35℃活化22min的A660均为0.85的果酒酵母与异常汉逊氏酵母,接种量分别为上清液质量的1%和0.5%;
8)发酵:接种后将温度调节至30℃,风量1L/min,一次发酵22h之后关闭通风系统,同时将搅拌转速调0,温度调节至29℃;加入已灭菌的质量浓度50%的蜂蜜溶液,加入量为上清液质量的5%,搅拌均匀后调整至转速为0,二次发酵40h,将温度调节至28℃;再加入已灭菌的质量浓度50%的蜂蜜溶液,加入量为上清液质量的2.5%,搅拌均匀后调整至转速为0,待三次发酵至酒精度11.5%Vol时停止发酵,将温度调节至20℃;
9)倒酒:将上层澄清透明的发酵液虹吸入贮酒罐,加入发酵液质量2%的干花,封口得蓝指蕉原果酒;干花为桂花、金银花和槐花组合,采用粉碎机粉碎至60目,按照桂花:金银花:槐花质量比1:2:3称重后混匀,装入180目滤袋中,经紫外线杀菌设备杀菌后,快速扎紧袋口;下层酒渣经真空冷凝回流获得蓝指蕉蒸馏酒,蒸馏酒加入贮酒罐中封口,贮酒罐的贮液量离罐口1.5cm,密封;
10)陈酿:将封口的蓝指蕉原果酒放入15℃恒温库中,放置14d。
所述的蓝指蕉蒸馏酒是指:步骤9)倒酒后的酒渣,采用真空度0.09MPa,60℃冷凝回流系统,获得的酒精度85%VoL的酒。
所述的刺梨汁是指:选择黄色、九成熟的刺梨果实,流水洗净后,纯净水清洗3次,置于振动筛中3min,去除果蒂和种子,切块,放入螺旋榨汁机中榨汁,得刺梨原汁;果渣处理同蓝指蕉果皮渣;所得刺梨原汁中加入其质量1%的果胶和其质量0.4%的单宁,搅拌均匀,温度调整至10℃静置4h,再调整至-4℃静置36h;打开底部球阀至1/2的位置,当流出液澄清时,后续流出的澄清汁为刺梨汁。
所述的蜂蜜是指:枇杷蜂蜜750g、荆条蜂蜜500g、黄莲蜂蜜250g和槐花蜂蜜500g,称重后混匀。
所述的蓝指蕉果酒的制备方法,它包括以下步骤:
1)调配:将蓝指蕉原果酒中的干花过滤袋取出,量取蓝指蕉原果酒75kg投入调配罐中;再加入刺梨汁8kg、蜂蜜2kg、蓝指蕉蒸馏酒15kg,充分混匀;20℃条件下在调配罐中对酒度、糖度、酸度进行调整,获得色泽均匀、澄清透亮、风味协调、酒度22%Vol、具有蓝指蕉果香花香醇香的基酒;
2)过滤:基酒泵入0.45um的精密过滤器进行过滤;
3)杀菌:将过滤后的蓝指蕉基酒,依据果酒度数调节,温度42℃灭菌15min,趁热无菌灌装,封口获得成品果酒。
本发明制备的蓝指蕉果酒,颜色呈黄褐色,澄清透亮,蓝指蕉果香桂花香醇香;每百毫升蓝指蕉果酒中,酒度(20℃)22%Vol,总糖(以葡萄糖计)5.5g,干浸出物1.1g,总酸(以乙酸计)0.43g,维生素C0.024g,总酯(以乙酸乙酯计)0.03g,总皂苷0.138g。
Claims (5)
1.蓝指蕉果酒,由下列重量比的物料调配而成:蓝指蕉原果酒75~85份,蓝指蕉蒸馏酒8~15份、刺梨汁6~8份、蜂蜜1~2份;所述蓝指蕉原果酒的制备步骤包括:1)原料挑选与清洗;2)蓝指蕉预处理;3)枇杷汁、枸杞汁和柠檬汁制备;4)酶解;5)离心;6)糖酸度调整;7)接种;8)发酵;9)倒酒;10)陈酿;其特征在于:所述蓝指蕉原果酒的具体制备步骤如下:
1)原料挑选与清洗:挑选成熟度高、无霉烂变质、无病虫害、以葡萄糖计总糖与以柠檬酸计总酸比在25~27的蓝指蕉;新鲜、成熟、无损伤的枇杷、枸杞和柠檬;分别用流水清洗去除表面微生物和泥沙,流水洗净后用纯净水冲洗2~3次;
2)蓝指蕉预处理:清洗后的蓝指蕉放入去皮籽设备中,通过去皮籽设备将蓝指蕉果皮、包裹种子的果肉分开;种子含有20%左右的油,为了防止种子破碎,将包裹种子果肉置于7~10目的不锈钢筛中,搓揉力度为490~560N,筛上的种子清洗后榨油,榨油后的种子饼粕用作饲料,筛下的果肉中加入其质量0.03~0.05%的维生素C,放入螺旋榨汁机中榨汁,蓝指蕉果肉浆液备用,果渣干燥后用于补充膳食纤维;果皮放在石磨中,研磨3遍,80目滤袋过滤得果皮浆液;将石磨上的橡胶刮下,用作橡胶原料;
3)枇杷汁、枸杞汁和柠檬汁制备:去核切块的枇杷中加入其质量0.01~0.015%的维生素C和其质量0.015~0.02%的异抗坏血酸钠;枸杞中加入其质量0.01~0.02%的维生素C和其质量0.015~0.025%的异抗坏血酸钠;柠檬去皮去籽切块;分别放入螺旋榨汁机、组织捣碎机和原汁榨汁机中榨汁,得枇杷汁、枸杞汁和柠檬汁;组织捣碎机的转速3800rpm捣碎46s;枇杷汁、枸杞汁和柠檬汁备用,果渣处理同蓝指蕉果渣;
4)酶解:蓝指蕉果皮浆液和果肉浆液按照1:2的质量比加入酶解罐中,充分混匀;酶解罐升温至75℃时,开始保温15min,保温结束后启动搅拌100~120rpm,待温度降至50℃时,搅拌转速调节至80~100rpm,按浆液质量的0.5%加入酶活为1万u/mL的纤维素酶,按浆液质量的0.3%加入酶活为1万u/mL的糖化酶,按浆液质量的0.2%加入酶活为10万u/g的木瓜蛋白酶,一次酶解2.5h;一次酶解结束后,加入蓝指蕉果皮浆液、果肉浆液质量之和的10~15%的枇杷汁及其质量的6~10%的枸杞汁,搅拌均匀;然后再加入柠檬汁,将浆液的pH值调节至3.5~3.8,按浆液和果汁总质量的0.01%加入酶活为1万u/g的果胶酶进行二次酶解,酶解3~4h;二次酶解结束后,升温至80~85℃,保温10~15min灭酶;
5)离心:将酶解液泵入离心机进行离心,0~4℃,7000~8000rpm离心15~20min,得到上清液,下层沉淀加入下一批浆液中酶解;
6)糖酸度调整:上清液中加入蜂蜜进行糖度调整,糖度调节至20~22%;加入柠檬酸钠调整酸度,pH调节至4.2~4.5;灭菌;调整后上清液加入灭菌的玻璃发酵罐中,至发酵罐容量的70~75%,加热至85℃保温20min,然后开启搅拌,80~100rpm;
7)接种:待发酵罐温度降至35℃左右,接入35℃活化18~22min的A660均为0.8~0.85的果酒酵母与异常汉逊氏酵母,接种量分别为上清液质量的1~1.25%和0.5~0.75%;
8)发酵:接种后将温度调节至30℃,风量1L/min,一次发酵20~22h之后关闭通风系统,同时将搅拌转速调0,温度调节至29℃;加入已灭菌的质量浓度50%的蜂蜜溶液,加入量为上清液质量的4~5%,搅拌均匀后调整至转速为0,二次发酵36~40h,将温度调节至28℃;加入已灭菌的质量浓度50%的蜂蜜溶液,加入量为上清液质量的2~2.5%,搅拌均匀后调整至转速为0,待三次发酵至酒精度10.5~11.5%Vol时停止发酵,将温度调节至20℃;
9)倒酒:将上层澄清透明的发酵液虹吸入贮酒罐,加入发酵液质量1~2%的干花,封口得蓝指蕉原果酒;干花为玫瑰花、茉莉花、桂花、金银花、槐花中的一种或多种组合,采用粉碎机粉碎至40~60目,按照需要量称重后混匀,装入180目滤袋中,经紫外线杀菌设备杀菌后,快速扎紧袋口放入贮酒罐中;下层酒渣经真空冷凝回流获得蓝指蕉蒸馏酒,蒸馏酒加入贮酒罐中封口,贮酒罐的贮液量离罐口1~1.5cm,密封;
10)陈酿:将封口的蓝指蕉原果酒放入5~15℃恒温库中,放置7~14d。
2.如权利要求1所述的蓝指蕉果酒,其特征在于所述蓝指蕉蒸馏酒是指:步骤9)倒酒后的酒渣,采用真空度0.085~0.09MPa,50~60℃冷凝回流,获得的酒精度75~85%VoL的酒。
3.如权利要求1所述的蓝指蕉果酒,其特征在于所述刺梨汁是指:选择黄色、九成熟的刺梨果实,流水洗净后,纯净水清洗2~3次,置于振动筛中振动2~3min软化硬刺;然后去除果蒂和种子,切块,放入螺旋榨汁机中榨汁,得刺梨原汁;所得刺梨原汁中加入其质量0.5~1%的果胶和其质量0.2~0.4%的单宁,搅拌均匀后,温度调整至8~10℃,静置3~4h;再调整至-1~-4℃,静置36~48h;打开底部球阀至1/2的位置,当流出液澄清时,后续流出的澄清汁为刺梨汁。
4.如权利要求1所述的蓝指蕉果酒,其特征在于所述蜂蜜是指:枇杷蜂蜜、枸杞蜂蜜、荆条蜂蜜、黄莲蜂蜜和槐花蜂蜜中的一种或多种组合。
5.如权利要求1、2、3或4所述蓝指蕉果酒的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
1)调配:将蓝指蕉原果酒中的干花过滤袋取出,量取75~85份投入配酒罐中,再加入刺梨汁6~8份、蜂蜜1~2份、蓝指蕉蒸馏酒8~15份,充分混匀;在20℃条件下在配酒罐中对酒度、糖度、酸度进行调整,获得色泽均匀、澄清透亮、风味协调、酒度15~22%Vol、具有蓝指蕉果香花香醇香的基酒;
2)过滤:调配后的基酒泵入0.45um的精密过滤器,进行过滤;
3)杀菌:将过滤后的蓝指蕉基酒,依据果酒度数调整,温42~53℃灭菌10~15min,趁热无菌灌装,封口后获得成品果酒。
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