CN113728753A - Carpinus pusillus seed germination accelerating method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a carpinus mollissima seed germination accelerating method, which comprises the following steps: in the good area of cool ventilation, drainage, from up laying down in proper order: the method comprises the steps of preparing a coarse grained sandstone layer, a grass carbon or pearl rock layer, a wool fabric gauze with a single-layer mesh of less than 2 mm, a seed layer soaked by potassium permanganate, a wool fabric gauze with a single-layer mesh of less than 2 mm, a fine sand layer and a sawdust layer, then watering thoroughly, watering once when dry to ensure that seeds are wet, controlling the temperature to be between 5 and 25 ℃, moving the seeds into a room after the outdoor temperature is lower than 5 ℃, similarly arranging the seeds between upper sand and lower sand, treating for 4 to 5 months, moving the seeds into a-15 ℃ freezer when the seeds have 20 percent of cracks, and sowing the seeds in the spring of the next year. The invention adopts a low-temperature wet preservation method for high-quality seeds to continue the vitality of the seeds and prevent the seeds from entering a dormant state, the seeds are collected and treated at the same time in the same year, the germination rate can reach more than 80 percent, and the treated seeds can emerge in the next spring sowing in the same year.

Description

Carpinus pusillus seed germination accelerating method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a method for accelerating germination of carpinus mollissima seeds.

Background

Carpinus cordiata B1, named as Ulmus molesta, Carpinus sinensis (Thunb.) Merr (Carpinus cordiata B1), Ulmus molesta, Carpinus chinensis (Thunb.) Merr), Hepinus semilaevigata (Thunb.) nakai, Hepinus macrocephala (Thunb.) nakai, and the like, is a plant of Carpinus of Betulaceae. At present, the Carpinus (Carpinus L.) belongs to 50 species, and China has 33 species and 8 varieties, and the plants are distributed in northeast, North China, southwest, Shanxi, Gansu, Henan and other areas, and are the distribution center of the Carpinus.

In order to better protect carpinus mollissima resources in Changbai mountain areas, a sexual breeding method is adopted for seed breeding, high-quality nursery stocks are provided for carpinus mollissima afforestation, the population quantity and germplasm resources of the nursery stocks are expanded, the forest farmers are guaranteed to have large demands on carpinus mollissima wood for a long time, the urban greening tree seed resources are enriched, and the method has great significance for ecological, economic and social benefits.

The key technology for breeding carpinus mollissima seeds is seed germination rate, the carpinus mollissima seeding all emerges every other year in the past, the seeds rarely germinate or do not germinate in the same year, meanwhile, the seeds are damaged by underground pests in one year underground, autumn seeding or spring seeding after laminated temperature sowing is generally adopted, and the emergence rate in the same year is less than 10%.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for accelerating germination of carpinus mollissima seeds, which adopts a low-temperature wet preservation method for high-quality seeds to continue the vitality of the seeds and prevent the seeds from entering a dormant state, the seeds are treated along with picking in the same year, and the treated seeds can emerge in the next spring sowing in the same year, so that the breeding period can be obviously shortened, the emergence rate of the seeds is improved, the land efficiency is improved, and the forest farmer income is increased.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for accelerating germination of carpinus mollissima seeds comprises the following steps of treating the seeds by preserving moisture at a low temperature for 5 months, and sowing the seeds in the spring of the next year:

s1, collecting seeds

Collecting the fruit ears of forest edges or sunny solitary trees when the fruit ears are golden yellow, the seeds are full, the seed colors fade green and turn black before and after the autumn equinox of the lunar calendar;

s2, seed modulation

Placing the collected fruit clusters in a ventilation place for drying in the shade, when the fruit clusters fall off after slightly touching the seeds, threshing by using a crusher or an artificial wicker, winnowing to remove impurities, immersing the seeds in clear water, changing water 2 times per day and stirring for 3 times, injecting a large amount of water on the 5 th day, skimming the floating seeds, finally obtaining the seeds, and draining;

s3, seed disinfection

Pouring the drained seeds into the prepared 0.3 percent potassium permanganate solution, soaking the seeds for 12 hours, washing the seeds with clear water, and mixing the seeds with the insect-proof coating agent;

s4 germination acceleration

Paving a coarse grained sandstone layer with the thickness of 5cm and the diameter of 0.5-2.0 cm in a shady, ventilated and well-drained zone, paving a grass carbon or perlite layer with the thickness of 3 cm and a wool fabric gauze with the single-layer mesh of less than 2 mm on the coarse grained sandstone layer in sequence, paving seeds on the wool fabric gauze with the seed layer thickness of 3-5 cm, paving a wool fabric gauze with the single-layer mesh of less than 2 mm, a fine sand layer with the thickness of 5cm and a saw foam layer with the thickness of 3-5 cm on the seed layer in sequence, then watering thoroughly, watering once when dry to ensure that the seeds are wet, controlling the temperature to be between 5 and 25 ℃, moving the seeds into a room after the outdoor temperature is lower than 5 ℃, similarly arranging the seeds between upper sand and lower sand, treating for 4-5 months, moving the seeds into a freezer at-15 ℃ when the seeds have 20% of cracks, and sowing in the next year.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the method has the advantages that the method adopts a low-temperature wet preservation method for high-quality seeds to continue the vitality of the seeds and prevents the seeds from entering a dormant state, the seeds are treated along with the seeds in the same year, the germination rate can reach more than 80%, the treated seeds can emerge in the same year after being sowed in the next spring, the breeding period can be obviously shortened, the emergence rate of the seeds is improved, the land efficiency is improved, and the forest farmer income is increased.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing arrangement of germination accelerating in an example of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-coarse sand grain layer; 2-peat or perlite layers; 3-a seed layer; 4-fine sand layer; 5-a sawdust layer; 6-woolen cloth net.

Detailed Description

In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

A method for accelerating germination of Carpinus koreanus seeds comprises the following steps:

s1, collecting seeds

Collecting the fruit ears of forest edges or sunny solitary trees when the fruit ears are golden yellow, the seeds are full, the seed colors fade green and turn black before and after the autumn equinox of the lunar calendar;

s2, seed modulation

Placing the collected fruit clusters in a ventilation place for drying in the shade, when the fruit clusters fall off after slightly touching the seeds, threshing by using a crusher or an artificial wicker, winnowing to remove impurities, immersing the seeds in clear water, changing water 2 times per day and stirring for 3 times, injecting a large amount of water on the 5 th day, skimming the floating seeds, finally obtaining the seeds, and draining;

s3, seed disinfection

Pouring the drained seeds into the prepared 0.3 percent potassium permanganate solution, soaking the seeds for 12 hours, washing the seeds with clear water, and mixing the seeds with the insect-proof coating agent;

s4 germination acceleration

Paving a coarse grained sandstone layer with the thickness of 5cm and the diameter of 0.5-2.0 cm in a shady, ventilated and well-drained zone, paving a grass carbon or perlite layer with the thickness of 3 cm and a wool fabric gauze with the single-layer mesh of less than 2 mm on the coarse grained sandstone layer in sequence, paving seeds on the wool fabric gauze with the seed layer thickness of 3-5 cm, paving a wool fabric gauze with the single-layer mesh of less than 2 mm, a fine sand layer with the thickness of 5cm and a saw foam layer with the thickness of 3-5 cm on the seed layer in sequence, then watering thoroughly, watering once when dry to ensure that the seeds are wet, controlling the temperature to be between 5 and 25 ℃, moving the seeds into a room after the outdoor temperature is lower than 5 ℃, similarly arranging the seeds between upper sand and lower sand, treating for 4-5 months, moving the seeds into a freezer at-15 ℃ when the seeds have 20% of cracks, and sowing in the next year.

Application example

In 9 th ten days of 2020, Jilin city forestry science research institute, in a quaternary test station, collected seeds are timely threshed, decontaminated, soaked and sterilized, carpinus moleplenii seeds of different provenances are marked and loaded into cloth bags, a layer of coarse grain sand with the thickness of 5cm is paved in a shady and cool place, peat soil with the thickness of 3 cm is paved on the coarse grain sand, then a wool fabric net is paved, the cloth bags with the seeds are spread, a layer of wool fabric net is covered on the coarse grain sand, a layer of fine river sand with the thickness of 5cm is paved on the coarse grain sand, a layer of saw foam with the thickness of 4 cm is paved on the topmost layer, when the fine river sand is dry, the water is slowly watered onto the saw foam, and the water quantity is based on that the fine river sand is completely wet and does not flow. When the seeds are frozen outside, the seed containing cloth bag is placed into a foam box, the foam box is placed into a seedling cellar, the seeds are mixed with fine sand when the seeds are covered in a bamboo hat 4 months in spring, the mixture is placed into a greenhouse for accelerating germination, the seeds are turned over frequently in the daytime, water is sprayed in a dry mode, the seeds are covered with plastic at night, the germination rate of the seeds reaches over 80 percent after 1 week, the germinated seeds are sowed on a seedling bed in the greenhouse, the soil covering thickness is 1 cm, a mulching film is covered on the seeds, the seedlings can emerge after 10 days, the mulching film is removed, the seedling stage is managed according to the conventional method, the seedlings in the year can reach 70 cm at most, and the ground diameter is 0.5 cm.

The scientific research institute of forestry in Baishan City, Desong nursery in Betulun City in Jilin province, and Bauma nursery in Baihe City in Jilin province all adopt the method to carry out seed treatment, the germination rate of seeds all reaches more than 80%, break through the bottleneck of seedling growing of carpinus in Qianjin every other year, in 2021 year, the Desong nursery in Betulun City in Jilin province grows seedlings in a greenhouse, the number of seedlings grown in the current year is more than 30 ten thousand, in 2020 year, 50 thousand of seedlings grown in 2 years are bred in the Bauma nursery garden in Jilin province, Yuanhui and Jiangsu are used for grafting carpinus stocks, the seedlings bred in the scientific research institute of forestry in Baishan City are grown in mountains and cultivated, the afforestation area reaches 8 hectares, the number of 3 years is as high as 1.5 m, and the ground diameter reaches 1.2 cm.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A method for accelerating germination of carpinus mollissima seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps: and (4) after the seeds are subjected to low-temperature moisture preservation for 5 months and are sowed in the spring of the next year.

2. The method for accelerating germination of hornbeam seeds of claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, collecting seeds

Collecting the fruit ears of forest edges or sunny solitary trees when the fruit ears are golden yellow, the seeds are full, the seed colors fade green and turn black before and after the autumn equinox of the lunar calendar;

s2, seed modulation

Placing the collected fruit clusters in a ventilation place for drying in the shade, when the fruit clusters fall off after slightly touching the seeds, threshing by using a crusher or an artificial wicker, winnowing to remove impurities, immersing the seeds in clear water, changing water 2 times per day and stirring for 3 times, injecting a large amount of water on the 5 th day, skimming the floating seeds, finally obtaining the seeds, and draining;

s3, seed disinfection

Pouring the drained seeds into the prepared 0.3 percent potassium permanganate solution, soaking the seeds for 12 hours, washing the seeds with clear water, and mixing the seeds with the insect-proof coating agent;

s4 germination acceleration

Paving a coarse grained sandstone layer with the thickness of 5cm and the diameter of 0.5-2.0 cm in a shady, ventilated and well-drained zone, paving a grass carbon or perlite layer with the thickness of 3 cm and a wool fabric gauze with the single-layer mesh of less than 2 mm on the coarse grained sandstone layer in sequence, paving seeds on the wool fabric gauze with the seed layer thickness of 3-5 cm, paving a wool fabric gauze with the single-layer mesh of less than 2 mm, a fine sand layer with the thickness of 5cm and a saw foam layer with the thickness of 3-5 cm on the seed layer in sequence, then watering thoroughly, watering once when dry to ensure that the seeds are wet, controlling the temperature to be between 5 and 25 ℃, moving the seeds into a room after the outdoor temperature is lower than 5 ℃, similarly arranging the seeds between upper sand and lower sand, treating for 4-5 months, moving the seeds into a freezer at-15 ℃ when the seeds have 20% of cracks, and sowing in the next year.

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