CN113637597A - 一种玛咖苷的生物转化方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及食品与生物领域,尤其是一种玛咖苷的生物转化方法。在酵母发酵过程中添加玛咖粉末,对玛咖芥子油苷进行生物转化。本发明的利用酵母菌在发酵过程中的产酶特性对玛咖中的玛咖芥子油苷进行生物转化,减少或消除玛咖中玛咖芥子油苷成分,减少玛咖产品的辛辣气味等不怡味道,提高玛咖产品的口感;本发明提供生物转化方法生产成本低,玛咖芥子油苷转化率高,转化玛咖芥子油苷较彻底,绿色安全无污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品与生物领域,尤其是一种玛咖苷的生物转化方法。
背景技术
玛咖中包含丰富的甾醇、芥子油苷、生物碱、黄酮类等活性物质和其它蛋白质、多糖、维生素等营养物质。已发现,玛咖具有强壮身体、提高生育力、缓解体力疲劳、抗癌、抗白血病、抗抑郁、抗贫血、促进糖代谢、改善记忆、促进生长、抗氧化、治疗更年期综合症等多种作用。2007年,玛咖产品跻身成为世界十大保健品之一,之后它的销量和药用或保健使用得到快速提升。如今,玛咖的研究主要集中在其植物的种植推广、玛咖的粉末产品和泡酒产品的初级开发阶段。但其独特的辛辣气味直接影响着人们的食用口感。因此,去掉玛咖产品辛辣气味,可以提高产品的欢迎度,提高玛咖的利用价值,增加玛咖种植户的附加值,带动玛咖产业健康有序发展。
发明内容
本发明的目的是利用葡萄酒酵母菌在发酵过程中的产酶特性对玛咖芥子油苷进行生物转化,减少或消除玛咖芥子油苷成分,减少玛咖产品的辛辣气味等不怡味道,提高玛咖产品的口感。
为实现上述目的,本发明技术方案如下:
本发明一方面提供一种玛咖苷的生物转化方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
S1,在无菌条件下,每100mL的YEPD培养基中接入斜面培养基中的葡萄酒酵母菌2~3环,在25~28℃,pH自然条件下,160~180r/min的摇床中培养18~24h,获得种子液;
S2,每100mL的YEPD培养基中加入种子液2mL,混匀;
S3,将步骤S2得到的混合液中加入玛咖粉末,在25~28℃,pH自然条件下,160~180r/min摇床培养6~8d,即可将玛咖中的玛咖芥子油苷生物转化。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,所述玛咖粉末加入的重量为反应体系的2~3wt%。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,所述步骤S3中,先将步骤S2得到的混合液在25~28℃,pH自然条件下,160~180r/min摇床培养2~4d,得到发酵液;再将玛咖粉末加入发酵液中,在25~28℃,pH自然条件下,160~180r/min摇床继续培养4~6d。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,所述YEPD培养基的制备方法为:每500mL蒸馏水中加入5g酵母浸粉、10g蛋白胨、10g葡萄糖,混匀后,升温至121℃进行灭菌30min,获得YEPD培养基。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,所述步骤S3中玛咖粉末为:将干燥玛咖粉粹成200~600目的粉末。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,将步骤S3制成的发酵液进行薄层层析分析以确定活性成分;薄层层析分析采用的硅胶板规格为硅胶GF254;显色采用10%硫酸溶液或紫外线照射;展开剂为氯仿、甲醇、水按体积比6:4:0.5配制的混合溶液。
本发明的有益效果为:
本发明的利用葡萄酒酵母菌在发酵过程中的产酶特性对玛咖中的玛咖芥子油苷进行生物转化,减少或消除玛咖中玛咖芥子油苷成分,减少玛咖产品的辛辣气味等不怡味道,提高玛咖产品的口感;本发明提供生物转化方法生产成本低,玛咖芥子油苷转化率高,转化玛咖芥子油苷较彻底,绿色安全无污染。
具体实施方式
以下实施例可以使本领域的普通技术人员更全面地理解本发明,但不以任何方式限制本发明。
实施例1
本发明一种玛咖苷的生物转化方法包括以下步骤:
S1,将一定量的干燥玛咖粉粹成400目左右的粉末;
S2,5g酵母浸粉,10g蛋白胨,10g葡萄糖,500mL蒸馏水,进行121℃、30min的灭菌后,获得YEPD培养基。
S3,在无菌条件下,用接种环取斜面培养基中葡萄酒酵母菌2环,接入100mLYEPD培养基中,28℃,160r/min摇床中培养18h,获得种子液(5万个左右/mL);
S4,配制50mL的YEPD培养基,置入100ml三角瓶,高压灭菌后,冷却至室温,每50mLYEPD培养基中加入种子液2mL,混匀;在无菌条件下,加入玛卡粉(加入量为反应体系的2%);保鲜膜密封后,在28℃条件下,160r/min摇床培养6d;
S5,将步骤S5制成的发酵液进行薄层层析分析(TLC);TLC采用的硅胶板规格为硅胶GF254;显色采用10%硫酸溶液或紫外线照射;展开剂为氯仿:甲醇:水/6:4:0.5;
S6,将步骤S5发酵液进行过滤或离心获得上清液;
S7,将步骤S6获得的上清液用3倍体积的石油醚萃取3次,收集下层溶液;
S8,将步骤S7制成的溶液用AB-8大孔树脂吸附其中的玛咖总苷成分,用去离子水对吸附柱进行反复洗脱至洗脱液无色,洗除其中的糖类物质;最后用95%的酒精对吸附柱进行洗脱,收集洗脱液,获得玛咖总苷溶液;
S9,将步骤S8获得的玛咖总苷溶液,用旋转蒸发器进行浓缩,最后挥干后获得玛咖总苷粉末;
S10,称取步骤S9获得的玛咖总苷粉末20g,用50ml氯仿和甲醇的混合液(1:1体积比混合)进行溶解。分别用80目和300目的硅胶当做样品胶和分离胶,装柱子(Φ7×22cm),分别用9:1体积比和8.5:1.5体积比混合的氯仿:甲醇洗脱剂进行洗脱,每次250ml,直到洗脱液TLC检测时无单点出现为止;将洗脱单点收集液浓缩后,挥干,与玛咖苷标准品(玛咖芥子油苷)在TLC上检测对比,确定转化情况;
S11,采用Shimadzu CS-930扫描薄层层析板上的点,计算转化率;得到的转化率为65%。
实施例2
S1,将一定量的干燥玛咖粉粹成400目左右的粉末;
S2,5g酵母浸粉,10g蛋白胨,10g葡萄糖,500mL蒸馏水,进行121℃、30min的灭菌后,获得YEPD培养基。
S3,在无菌条件下,用接种环取斜面培养基中葡萄酒酵母菌2环,接入100mLYEPD培养基中,28℃,160r/min摇床中培养18h,获得种子液(5万个左右/mL);
S4,配制50mL的YEPD培养基,置入100ml三角瓶,高压灭菌后,冷却至室温,每50mLYEPD培养基中加入种子液2mL,混匀,保鲜膜密封后,在28℃条件下,160r/min摇床培养2d;
S5,将步骤S4培养2d的发酵液中,在无菌条件下,加入玛卡粉(加入量2%);在28℃条件下,160r/min摇床继续培养4d;
S6,将步骤S5制成的发酵液进行薄层层析分析(TLC);TLC采用的硅胶板规格为硅胶GF254;显色采用10%硫酸溶液或紫外线照射;展开剂:氯仿:甲醇:水/6:4:0.5;
S7,将步骤S5发酵液进行过滤或离心获得上清液;
S8,将步骤S7获得的上清液用3倍体积的石油醚萃取3次,收集下层溶液;
S9,将步骤S8制成的溶液用AB-8大孔树脂吸附其中的玛咖总苷成分,用去离子水对吸附柱进行反复洗脱至洗脱液无色,洗除其中的糖类物质。最后用95%的酒精对吸附柱进行洗脱,收集洗脱液,获得玛咖总苷溶液;
S10,将步骤S9获得的玛咖总苷溶液,用旋转蒸发器进行浓缩,最后挥干后获得玛咖总苷粉末;
S11,称取步骤S10获得的玛咖总苷粉末20g,用50ml氯仿和甲醇的混合液(1:1体积比混合)进行溶解。分别用80目和300目的硅胶当做样品胶和分离胶,装柱子(Φ7×22cm),分别用9:1体积比和8.5:1.5体积比混合的氯仿:甲醇洗脱剂进行洗脱,每次250ml,直到洗脱液TLC检测时无单点出现为止;将洗脱单点收集液浓缩后,挥干,与玛咖苷标准品(玛咖芥子油苷)在TLC上检测对比,确定转化情况;
S12,采用Shimadzu CS-930扫描薄层层析板上的点,计算转化率;得到转化率为52%。
以上实施例仅仅是本发明的优选施例,并非对于实施方式的限定。本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求所限定的范围为准。在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。
Claims (6)
1.一种玛咖苷的生物转化方法,其特征在于,所述生物转化方法包括以下步骤:
S1,在无菌条件下,每100mL的YEPD培养基中接入斜面培养基中的葡萄酒酵母菌2~3环,在25~28℃,pH自然条件下,160~180r/min的摇床中培养18~24h,获得种子液;
S2,每100mL的YEPD培养基中加入种子液2mL,混匀;
S3,将步骤S2得到的混合液中加入玛咖粉末,在25~28℃,pH自然条件下,160~180r/min摇床培养6~8d,即可将玛咖中的玛咖芥子油苷生物转化。
2.根据权利要求1所述的生物转化方法,其特征在于,所述玛咖粉末加入的重量为反应体系的2~3wt%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的生物转化方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中,先将步骤S2得到的混合液在25~28℃,pH自然条件下,160~180r/min摇床培养2~4d,得到发酵液;再将玛咖粉末加入发酵液中,在25~28℃,pH自然条件下,160~180r/min摇床继续培养4~6d。
4.根据权利要求1所述的生物转化方法,其特征在于,所述YEPD培养基的制备方法为:每500mL蒸馏水中加入5g酵母浸粉、10g蛋白胨、10g葡萄糖,混匀后,升温至121℃进行灭菌30min,获得YEPD培养基。
5.根据权利要求1所述的生物转化方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中玛咖粉末为:将干燥玛咖粉粹成200~600目的粉末。
6.根据权利要求1所述的生物转化方法,其特征在于,将步骤S3制成的发酵液进行薄层层析分析以确定活性成分;薄层层析分析采用的硅胶板规格为硅胶GF254;显色采用10%硫酸溶液或紫外线照射;展开剂为氯仿、甲醇、水按体积比6:4:0.5配制的混合溶液。
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