CN113617383A - 一种含铂和改性金属的l分子筛的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种含铂和改性金属的l分子筛的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical group [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000003058 platinum compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229940114930 potassium stearate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;octadecanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- PDJBCBKQQFANPW-UHFFFAOYSA-L azanide;platinum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound [NH2-].[NH2-].[NH2-].[NH2-].Cl[Pt]Cl PDJBCBKQQFANPW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical class C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- IEORSVTYLWZQJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-nonylphenoxy)ethanol Chemical group CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OCCO IEORSVTYLWZQJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000847 nonoxynol Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005899 aromatization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 7
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium nitrate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cs+] AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[La](Cl)Cl ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- LLZBVBSJCNUKLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N thulium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Tm+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O LLZBVBSJCNUKLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005216 hydrothermal crystallization Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/60—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the type L, as exemplified by patent document US3216789
- B01J29/61—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the type L, as exemplified by patent document US3216789 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/62—Noble metals
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- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/60—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the type L, as exemplified by patent document US3216789
- B01J29/605—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the type L, as exemplified by patent document US3216789 containing rare earth elements, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, zinc, cadmium, mercury, gallium, indium, thallium, tin or lead
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- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/391—Physical properties of the active metal ingredient
- B01J35/394—Metal dispersion value, e.g. percentage or fraction
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
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- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
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- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/32—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with formation of free hydrogen
- C07C5/373—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with formation of free hydrogen with simultaneous isomerisation
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Abstract
一种含铂和改性金属的L分子筛的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)配制含有铂化合物和改性金属化合物的水溶液,向其中加入C5~C7的烷烃和表面活性剂制成浸渍液,所述的改性金属选自IA族金属、IIA族金属或镧系金属,所述的表面活性剂选自十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、硬脂酸钾或烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚,(2)用(1)步制备的浸渍液浸渍L分子筛,将浸渍后L分子筛干燥、焙烧。该法可使金属在L分子筛上具有更好的分散性,从而提高其芳构化反应活性、选择性和稳定性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种改性L分子筛的制备方法,具体地说,是一种含有铂和改性金属的L分子筛的制备方法。
背景技术
Pt/L型分子筛催化剂是一种具有特殊孔道结构的碱性单功能催化剂,与传统双功能重整催化剂相比,Pt/L型分子筛催化剂对正构链烷烃具有更好的反应活性、芳构化选择性和使用寿命。
US4650565公开了一种石脑油脱氢环化方法,使用包括大孔沸石和Ⅷ族金属的单功能催化剂,将石脑油进行脱氢环化生成芳烃,再用A型分子筛通过吸附将产物中正构烷烃和单支链异构烷烃与芳烃分离,用气体将正构烷烃和单支链异构烷烃从吸附剂中脱除,再循环回反应器重新利用。所述催化剂中优选含8~15wt%的Ba、0.6~1.0wt%的Pt,所述大孔沸石为X、Y或L沸石,优选L沸石。
CN1312736A公开了一种含铂、卤素和Ⅰb族金属的L型沸石催化剂。该法将L沸石与硅粘结剂混合成型,再制备含铂和卤素的水溶液浸渍引入铂、卤素,然后再用含Ⅰb族金属的水溶液浸渍引入Ⅰb族金属得到催化剂,其中Ⅰb族金属的含量为0.001~3重量%、Pt含量为0.1~5重量%、卤素含量为0.1~5重量%,所述的Ⅰb族金属优选Au。
CN106391098A公开了一种石脑油重整催化剂,所述催化剂为负载Pt的KL分子筛,可选地,还含有碳,其中含0.1~2份的Pt、0~5.0份的碳和93~99.9份的KL分子筛载体。所述催化剂通过使用铂盐溶液和单糖溶液分步浸渍或共浸渍KL分子筛载体,向其中引入铂和碳的前体,然后焙烧制得。
CN109364988A公开了一种以原子层沉积法制备的KL分子筛负载单原子Pt与PtxFe团簇结构沸石催化剂,将L分子筛分散于石英载片中,转移至反应腔室,先用铁源化合物进行脉冲沉积铁,再用铂源化合物进行脉冲沉积铂,在L分子筛上获得PtxFe团簇结构。该法对沉积形成PtxFe团簇结构的设备要求较高,较难在工业生产中实施。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种含铂和改性金属的L分子筛的制备方法,该法可使金属在L分子筛上具有更好的分散性,从而提高其芳构化反应活性、选择性和稳定性。
本发明提供的一种含铂和改性金属的L分子筛的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)配制含有铂化合物和改性金属化合物的水溶液,向其中加入C5~C7的烷烃和表面活性剂制成浸渍液,所述的改性金属选自IA族金属、IIA族金属或镧系金属,所述的表面活性剂选自十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、硬脂酸钾或烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚,
(2)用(1)步制备的浸渍液浸渍L分子筛,将浸渍后L分子筛干燥、焙烧。
本发明方法在含表面活性剂的C5~C7的烷烃中,加入含铂和改性金属的水溶液对L分子筛进行浸渍,可使获得的改性L分子筛中的铂分散度提高,从而提高其烷烃芳构化反应性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明实例1制备的含铂和铯的L分子筛的透射电镜(TEM)图。
图2为本发明实例8制备的含铂和钡的L分子筛的透射电镜图。
图3为对比例1制备的含铂L分子筛的透射电镜图。
图4为对比例2采用常规方法制备的含铂和铯的L分子筛的透射电镜图。
图5为对比例3制备的含铂和钡的L分子筛的透射电镜图。
具体实施方式
本发明方法在含表面活性剂的C5~C7的烷烃中加入含有铂化合物和改性金属化合物的水溶液,制成含C5~C7的烷烃和水的双溶剂浸渍液,然后再用于浸渍L分子筛,浸渍液中的C5~C7的烷烃和表面活性剂可促使含铂和改性金属的水溶液在L分子筛孔道内部均匀地扩散,经焙烧后可使L分子筛中的金属粒子的粒径尺寸减小,另外,改性金属可增强Pt晶粒和载体间的相互作用,抑制Pt晶粒长大,因而得到金属分散度提高、尤其是铂分散度提高的改性L分子筛,从而提高其芳构化反应性能,延长使用寿命。
本发明有两种方法,第一种为上述使用一步浸渍的方法制备改性L分子筛,第二种为采用分步加入非极性浸渍液和极性浸渍液的方法制备改性L分子筛,具体地,该制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)在C5~C7的烷烃中加入表面活性剂得到非极性浸渍液,配制含有铂化合物和改性金属化合物的水溶液为极性浸渍液,所述的改性金属选自IA族金属、IIA族金属或镧系金属,所述的表面活性剂选自十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、硬脂酸钾或烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚,
(2)将L分子筛于非极性浸渍液中静置0.2~0.8小时,再加入极性浸渍液进行浸渍,将浸渍后L分子筛干燥、焙烧。
本发明方法中所述的IA族金属优选K、Rb和Cs中的一种或几种,IIA族金属优选Ca和/或Ba,镧系金属优选La、Ce和Tm中的一种或几种。
本发明方法制备的含铂和改性金属的L分子筛中的铂含量优选0.1~3质量%、更优选0.6~1.2质量%,改性金属含量优选0.1~3质量%、更优选0.5~1.0质量%。
本发明方法所述的烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚优选壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚。所述壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚中含有的环氧乙烷的个数优选8~10。
本发明方法配制浸渍液所述的铂化合物优选二氯四氨合铂或四氨合硝酸铂,改性金属化合物优选为其氯化物或硝酸盐。
本发明所述第一种方法中,(1)步所述的浸渍液中表面活性剂的浓度优选0.05~1mol/L、更优选0.08~0.5mol/L,水与C5~C7的烷烃的质量比优选0.05~0.2。
本发明所述第二种方法中,(1)步所述非极性浸渍液中表面活性剂的浓度优选0.05~1mol/L、更优选0.08~0.5mol/L,(2)步浸渍时,极性浸渍液中的水与非极性浸渍液中的C5~C7的烷烃的质量比优选0.05~0.2、更优选0.08~0.2。
本发明方法中,(2)步为用浸渍液浸渍L分子筛,所述的浸渍液在第二种方法中指在非极性浸渍液中加入极性浸渍液后所得液体的总和。(2)步用浸渍液浸渍L分子筛的时间优选3~10小时、更优选3~8小时;浸渍温度优选20~50℃、更优选30~40℃。浸渍时所用浸渍液与L分子筛的液/固比优选1~3ml/g、更优选1~2.5ml/g。
本发明方法中,将(2)步浸渍后L分子筛干燥的温度优选90~130℃、干燥时间优选2~18小时、更优选5~15小时,焙烧温度优选300~450℃、焙烧时间优选1~10小时、更优选1~6小时。
本发明方法制备的改性L分子筛适用C6~C7链烷烃的芳构化反应,芳构化反应温度优选400~550℃、更优选420~510℃,反应压力为0.1~5.0MPa、更优选0.2~3.0MPa,原料进料体积空速0.2~10.0h-1、0.5~5.0h-1,氢/烃体积比为400~1200、更优选500~800。所述的C6~C17链烷烃可为富含C6~C7链烷烃的轻石脑油。
下面通过实例进一步说明本发明,但本发明并不限于此。
实例和对比例中所述L分子筛中的Pt金属分散度(R)采用动态化学吸附氢氧滴定分析方法测定:称取0.05g粒径为0.425~0.850mm的催化剂装入样品管中,以流速为30mL/min的氩气为载气,以10℃/min的速率升温到300℃,吹扫30min脱除催化剂表面吸附的杂质,然后降温至50℃,向Ar气通入H2,使H2含量为10体积%,以10℃/min的速率升温至350℃原位还原3h,降温至30℃,停止通入氢气,用氩气吹扫60min。进行O2脉冲吸附,持续60min,然后进行H2脉冲吸附直至峰高不变,重复上述O2脉冲吸附和H2脉冲吸附,直至达到氢气的饱和吸附量(VT),按下式计算Pt金属分散度R:
其中VT为上述操作测得的氢气的饱和吸附量(mL),V标为22.4(L/mol),M为Pt的摩尔质量195(g/mol),m为催化剂质量(g),w%为催化剂中含有的Pt的质量百分数。
实例和对比例中所用L分子筛由下述方法制备,
取20.92g KOH溶于143.58g去离子水中,向溶液中投入10g Al(OH)3,搅拌均匀,向混合物中加入131.64g硅溶胶,继续搅拌0.5h,得到均匀的混合物,其中各物料摩尔比为2.85K2O˙Al2O3˙8.55SiO2˙210H2O。将混合物移入不锈钢反应釜,130℃水热晶化64h,晶化产物经离心分离,所得固体物经水洗,于120℃干燥12h,得到L分子筛,其组成为:0.89K2O˙Al2O3˙5.52SiO2。
实例1
(1)制备浸渍液
将0.162g的二氯四氨合铂和0.0875克的氯化铯溶于1.64mL去离子水中,充分搅拌溶解后,加入20mL(13.2g)正己烷和1.3g的含10个环氧乙烷的壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(TX-10),搅拌均匀,制成浸渍液,浸渍液中壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚的浓度为0.1mol/L。
(2)制备改性L分子筛
取L分子筛10g,向其中缓慢倒入(1)步制备的浸渍液于35℃浸渍6小时,浸渍的液/固比为2.16ml/g。蒸干溶剂,将浸渍后所得L分子筛于120℃干燥12小时,350℃空气中焙烧2小时,制得含铂和铯的L分子筛a,其金属组分含量和铂分散度见表1,透射电镜图见图1。
实例2
(1)制备浸渍液
将0.162g的二氯四氨合铂和0.122g的氯化镧溶于1.64mL去离子水中,充分搅拌溶解后,加入20mL(13.7g)正庚烷和0.787g的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB),搅拌均匀,制成浸渍液,浸渍液中十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的浓度为0.1mol/L。
(2)制备改性L分子筛
取L分子筛10g,向其中缓慢倒入(1)步制备的浸渍液于35℃浸渍6小时,浸渍的液/固比为2.16ml/g。蒸干溶剂,将浸渍后所得L分子筛于120℃干燥12小时,350℃空气中焙烧2小时,制得含铂和镧的L分子筛b,其金属组分含量和铂分散度见表1。
实例3
(1)制备浸渍液
取20mL正己烷,滴入1.2g的壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(TX-10),得到非极性浸渍液,其中壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚的浓度为0.1mol/L;将0.137g的二氯四氨合铂和0.0875g的氯化铯溶于1.64mL去离子水中,充分搅拌溶解,得到极性浸渍液。
(2)制备改性L分子筛
取L分子筛10g,向其中加入非极性浸渍液,静置30min,再向其中加入极性浸渍液于35℃浸渍6小时,浸渍的液/固比为2.16ml/g。蒸干溶剂,将浸渍后所得L分子筛于120℃干燥12小时、350℃焙烧2小时,制得含铂和铯的L分子筛c,其金属组分含量和铂分散度见表1。
实例4
(1)制备浸渍液
取20mL正己烷,滴入1.2g的壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(TX-10),得到非极性浸渍液,其中壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚的浓度为0.1mol/L;将0.202g的二氯四氨合铂和0.145g的硝酸铥溶于1.64mL去离子水中,充分搅拌溶解,得到极性浸渍液。
(2)制备改性L分子筛
取L分子筛10g,向其中加入非极性浸渍液,静置30min,再向其中加入极性浸渍液于35℃浸渍6小时,浸渍的液/固比为2.16ml/g。蒸干溶剂,将浸渍后所得L分子筛于120℃干燥12小时、350℃焙烧2小时,制得含铂和铥的L分子筛d,其金属组分含量和铂分散度见表1。
实例5
按照实例3的方法制备改性L分子筛,不同的是将0.137g的二氯四氨合铂和0.122g的氯化镧溶于1.64mL去离子水中制成极性浸渍液,浸渍后所得L分子筛经干燥、焙烧后得含铂和镧的L分子筛e,其金属组分含量和铂分散度见表1。
实例6
按照实例3的方法制备改性L分子筛,不同的是将0.137g的二氯四氨合铂和0.162g的硝酸钡溶于1.64mL去离子水中制成极性浸渍液,浸渍后所得L分子筛经干燥、焙烧后得含铂和钡的L分子筛f,其金属组分含量和铂分散度见表1。
实例7
按照实例3的方法制备改性L分子筛,不同的是将0.137g的二氯四氨合铂和0.145g的硝酸铥溶于1.64mL去离子水中制成极性浸渍液,浸渍后所得L分子筛经干燥、焙烧后得含铂和铥的L分子筛g,其金属组分含量和铂分散度见表1。
实例8
(1)制备浸渍液
取20mL正庚烷,滴入0.646g的硬脂酸钾,得到非极性浸渍液,其中硬脂酸钾的浓度为0.1mol/L;将0.154g的二氯四氨合铂和0.162g的硝酸钡溶于1.64mL去离子水中,充分搅拌溶解,得到极性浸渍液。
(2)制备改性L分子筛
取L分子筛10g,向其中加入非极性浸渍液,静置30min,再向其中加入极性浸渍液于35℃浸渍6小时,浸渍的液/固比为2.16ml/g。蒸干溶剂,将所得浸渍后L分子筛于120℃干燥12小时、350℃焙烧2小时,制得含铂和钡的L分子筛h,其金属组分含量和铂分散度见表1,透射电镜图见图2。
对比例1
采用常规浸渍方法制备含铂L分子筛。
取0.162g的二氯四氨合铂加入20mL去离子水中,充分搅拌溶解后制得浸渍液。取L分子筛10g,向其中加入上述浸渍液于35℃浸渍6小时,浸渍的液/固比为2ml/g。蒸干溶剂,将浸渍后所得L分子筛于120℃干燥12小时、350℃焙烧2小时,制得含铂的L分子筛m,其铂含量和铂分散度见表1,透射电镜图见图3。
对比例2
将0.137g的二氯四氨合铂和0.0875g的氯化铯溶于20mL去离子水中,充分搅拌溶解制成浸渍液。取L分子筛10g,向其中加入上述浸渍液于35℃浸渍6小时,浸渍的液/固比为2ml/g。蒸干溶剂,将所得浸渍后L分子筛于120℃干燥12小时、350℃焙烧2小时,制得含铂和铯的L分子筛n,其金属组分含量和铂分散度见表1,透射电镜图见图4。
对比例3
将0.202g的二氯四氨合铂和0.162g的硝酸钡溶于1.64mL去离子水中,充分搅拌溶解制成浸渍液。
取L分子筛10g,向其中加入20mL正己烷,静置30min,再加入上述浸渍液于35℃浸渍6小时,浸渍的液/固比为2.16ml/g。蒸干溶剂,将所得浸渍后L分子筛于120℃干燥12小时、350℃焙烧2小时,制得含铂和钡的L分子筛k,其金属组分含量和铂分散度见表1,透射电镜图见图5。
实例9~19
以下实例考察改性L分子筛作为芳构化反应催化剂的性能。
将改性L分子筛于500℃用氢气还原3小时,以正己烷为原料,在500℃、0.5MPa、进料体积空速3小时-1、氢/烃体积比为600的条件下与所述还原后的改性L分子筛接触进行反应,各实例所用改性L分子筛及反应3小时和20小时的结果见表2。
由改性L分子筛的透射电镜图1可知,与对比例制备的改性L分子筛相比,本发明方法制备的改性L分子筛没有大量金属聚集,铂金属团簇较少、分散性好。
由表2可知,与对比例制备的改性L分子筛相比,本发明方法制备的改性L分子筛具有较高的正己烷转化率和苯收率,且连续反应20小时的苯收率较反应3小时的苯收率下降不多,说明本发明方法制备的L分子筛具有较高的芳构化反应活性、选择性及反应性能稳定性。
表1
表2
Claims (12)
1.一种含铂和改性金属的L分子筛的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)配制含有铂化合物和改性金属化合物的水溶液,向其中加入C5~C7的烷烃和表面活性剂制成浸渍液,所述的改性金属选自IA族金属、IIA族金属或镧系金属,所述的表面活性剂选自十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、硬脂酸钾或烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚,
(2)用(1)步制备的浸渍液浸渍L分子筛,将浸渍后L分子筛干燥、焙烧。
2.一种含铂和改性金属的L分子筛的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)在C5~C7的烷烃中加入表面活性剂得到非极性浸渍液,配制含有铂化合物和改性金属化合物的水溶液为极性浸渍液,所述的改性金属选自IA族金属、IIA族金属或镧系金属,所述的表面活性剂选自十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、硬脂酸钾或烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚,
(2)将L分子筛于非极性浸渍液中静置0.2~0.8小时,再加入极性浸渍液进行浸渍,将浸渍后L分子筛干燥、焙烧。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于所述IA族金属为K、Rb和Cs中的一种或几种,IIA族金属为Ca和/或Ba,镧系金属为La、Ce和Tm中的一种或几种。
4.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于所述含铂和改性金属的L分子筛中的铂含量为0.1~3质量%,改性金属含量为0.1~3质量%。
5.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于所述烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚为壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚。
6.按照权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于所述壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚中含有的环氧乙烷的个数为8~10。
7.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于所述的铂化合物为二氯四氨合铂或四氨合硝酸铂,改性金属化合物为其氯化物或硝酸盐。
8.按照权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于(1)步所述的浸渍液中表面活性剂的浓度为0.05~1mol/L,水与C5~C7的烷烃的质量比为0.05~0.2。
9.按照权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于(1)步所述非极性浸渍液中表面活性剂的浓度为0.05~1mol/L。
10.按照权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于(2)步浸渍时,水与C5~C7的烷烃的质量比为0.05~0.2。
11.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于(2)步用浸渍液浸渍L分子筛的时间为3~10小时。
12.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于(2)步浸渍时的液/固比为0.5~5ml/g。
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CN86107521A (zh) * | 1984-11-05 | 1988-05-11 | 环球油品公司 | 用于烃转化的催化复合物 |
US4699894A (en) * | 1985-04-17 | 1987-10-13 | Chevron Research Company | Highly active and highly selective aromatization catalyst |
CN107473238A (zh) * | 2016-06-08 | 2017-12-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种kl分子筛及其制备方法和应用 |
CN106391098A (zh) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 中科合成油技术有限公司 | 一种石脑油重整催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN108993584A (zh) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-12-14 | 中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司 | 一种重整抽余油芳构化催化剂及其制备方法 |
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