CN113597902B - Method for promoting self-rooting and quick germination of male populus tomentosa grafted seedlings - Google Patents
Method for promoting self-rooting and quick germination of male populus tomentosa grafted seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for promoting self-rooting and quick-germination of a 'one-whip' grafted seedling of male Chinese white poplar, which comprises the following steps: s1, soaking a stock part of a male Chinese white poplar 'one-whip' grafted seedling with water; s2, preparing a cutting ditch; s3, obliquely inserting the upper end of the stock of the cutting towards the north and the lower end of the stock towards the south into a cutting ditch, and attaching the base part of the scion to the ground; after cuttage, watering; s4, when the scions grow to a length of more than 30cm and root systems are distributed on the whole rootstocks, cutting off part of the rootstocks by using a tool with a blade to cut off the roots; s5, cutting along the scion stem near the scion base to a cutting depth which is just right for cutting through the scion bark; s6, smearing the cut wound by using a phytohormone paste, and airing until the paste is stuck to the stem and does not fall off; and S7, filling the cuttage ditch with soil, ensuring that the cutting wound is buried by the soil, and watering enough water. The invention can promote the seedlings to quickly sprout and grow by self-rooting, and solves the problems of complicated seedling culture process, low effect, high cost, low seedling culture effect and the like of the conventional method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of male Chinese white poplar seedling culture, in particular to a method for promoting the self-rooting and quick germination of male Chinese white poplar grafted seedlings.
Background
The male Chinese white poplar has the characteristics of quick growth, good dry shape, high quality and strong adaptability, does not fly, and is widely applied to construction of timberlands, farmland forest network construction and urban and rural greening in plain areas of our province. However, in the process of seedling breeding, because the rooting capacity is poor, a whip grafting mode is often adopted, namely, the seedlings are grafted on rootstocks which are easy to root to propagate. After the seedling survives, the stock grows far short of the growth speed of the scion (male Chinese white poplar), and the growth of the male Chinese white poplar is a vegetation. Therefore, after a male Chinese white poplar is survived by cutting through one penis, the male Chinese white poplar is usually generated to take roots by a trunk burying method, then seedlings are dug out in the next year, and after the stock is cut off, the self-growing roots of the scions (male Chinese white poplar) are reserved for transplanting. Therefore, the existing method is extremely complicated, the growth process of seedlings is interrupted, the self-growing root germination rate of the male Chinese white poplar is low, the seedling raising cost is high, and the large-scale production of the male Chinese white poplar seedlings is directly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the technical problems, the inventor provides a method for promoting the grafted seedlings of the male Chinese white poplar to sprout fast from the roots by combining the production practice of the method, the method utilizes the principle of promoting the growth of side roots by root cutting and the rooting of callus tissues and combines the method of using exogenous plant hormones to be matched with buried dry breeding roots to promote the fast rooting of the grafted seedlings of one penis of the male Chinese white poplar, and the problems that the seedling raising process of the male Chinese white poplar is complicated, the effect is low, the cost is high, the seedling raising effect is low and the large-scale afforestation application is limited in the prior art are solved.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
a method for promoting the self-rooting and quick-germination of a male Chinese white poplar 'one-stipple' grafted seedling comprises the following steps:
s1, grafting seedling soaking: soaking a male Chinese white poplar one-penis cutting strip in water in a mode that a scion faces upwards and a stock faces downwards, and soaking for more than 24 hours in the water depth on the basis that the lower end of the scion does not exceed the cutting strip;
s2, preparing a cutting ditch, namely cutting the cutting ditch in a cutting garden (the depth is preferably 20 +/-2 cm); the preferred line spacing is 60 ± 5cm (preferably 60 cm);
s3, cuttage: removing a plastic bandage at a grafting part on a penis cutting of the soaked male Chinese white poplar, obliquely inserting the male Chinese white poplar into the cutting ditch in a mode that the upper end of a stock of the cutting faces north and the lower end of the stock of the cutting faces south, and attaching the base part of the scion to the ground; after cuttage, watering;
s4, rootstock root cutting: conventionally managing a cutting of a penis of a cottage male Chinese white poplar, and directly cutting off part of the rootstock to cut off roots by using a tool with a blade under the condition of not taking out the rootstock when a scion germinates and grows to be more than 30cm in length and the root system is distributed on the whole rootstock; promoting the growth of scion side roots by cutting roots;
s5, longitudinally cutting butted spikes and stems: cutting along the stem of the scion near the base of the scion to form a plurality of cuts (the length is preferably 6-10 cm), wherein the cutting depth is just right to cut through the bark of the scion;
s6, applying a phytohormone paste to the wound: smearing the cut wound with phytohormone paste, and air drying until the paste is adhered to the stem without falling off; the phytohormone paste is obtained by mixing plant growth stimulin, water-soluble cellulose, harmless powder filler (preferably gypsum powder) and water into paste;
s7, burying soil and leveling the ditch: filling the cutting ditch with soil, ensuring that the cutting wound is buried by the soil, and watering enough water.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S1, the grafted seedling cutting is a bud cutting comprising a rootstock and a scion, the scion is a scion, the length of the rootstock is 19-21cm, and the thickness of the rootstock is 0.5-1.5cm.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S1, when the grafted seedling is soaked, a soil pit with a depth of 20 ± 2cm (preferably 20 cm) is dug, a water-permeable membrane is laid at the bottom of the pit, the male populus tomentosa strips previously stored in sand are bundled and taken out, the strips are placed in the soil pit with the scion facing upwards and the stock facing downwards, and water is injected to a depth of 15 ± 3cm (the scion is not submerged in the depth).
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, in S2, the land with flat terrain and fertile soil is selected as a cutting garden, deep turning or rotary tillage is carried out for 40 +/-3 cm, the large soil blocks are raked to be fine, and a cutting ditch is opened by using a ditcher.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S3, the cutting is inserted into the cutting ditch in a manner that the rootstock inclines 45 °, the upper end of the rootstock of the cutting faces north, the scion faces south, the lower end of the rootstock of the cutting faces south, the insertion depth is preferably that the lower end of the scion (i.e. the scion) is just attached to the ground, and the plant spacing is 40 ± 3cm.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S3 further comprises: removing a plastic binding band at a grafting part on a penis inserting strip of the soaked male Chinese white poplar, and cutting along the stem of the stock to form a plurality of wounds, wherein the length of each wound is 0.4-0.8 times of the total length of the stock, and the cutting depth is just right to cut through the bark of the stock; smearing the cut wound by using a phytohormone paste, and airing until the paste is stuck to the stem of the stock without falling off; and then cutting the cutting slips into a cutting ditch to ensure that soil buries the cutting wound, and watering after cutting. The wounds are 4 and are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the stem of the rootstock.
After the treatment, more lateral roots can be generated on the rootstock (the lateral roots provide a growth foundation for the growth of the scion after the subsequent root cutting treatment), and even if most of the rootstock (the total length of the rootstock is 0.4-0.8 times, for example, 8-16cm can be cut by 20cm of the rootstock) is cut during the subsequent root cutting treatment of the rootstock of S4, the growth of the Chinese white poplar scion cannot be influenced, and the encumbrance of the growth of the Chinese white poplar scion can be further reduced.
Wherein the bladed tool may be a sharp spade or blade. The root cutting is that the rootstock in the soil is cut from the outside of the soil under the condition that the cuttings are not pulled out, and before the operation, some cuttings can be pulled out randomly in advance to observe and master the rooting condition of the rootstock so as to determine the approximate cutting position of a shovel blade or a shovel.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S4, the regular management comprises watering, fertilizing, sprout removing, pest control and the like of a cutting of the male populus tomentosa.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S4, the excised portion of the rootstock accounts for 0.4 to 0.8 times of the total length of the rootstock.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, in S5, the number of the wounds is 4, and the wounds are distributed on the outer surface of the stem of the scion in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the lateral roots of the scion can be ensured to grow and distribute around the periphery of the base part of the scion, and the lateral roots are not concentrated on one side.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S6, the phytohormone paste is prepared by adding 0.7-0.9wt% (preferably 0.8 wt%) of water-soluble cellulose into 500mg/L of α -naphthylacetic acid aqueous solution, stirring uniformly, adding a proper amount of gypsum powder, and stirring into paste.
Dissolving alpha-naphthylacetic acid by using a small amount of ethanol, adding water to prepare 500mg/L alpha-naphthylacetic acid aqueous solution, adding 7-0.9wt% (preferably 0.8 wt%) of water-soluble cellulose and gypsum powder, and mixing to obtain paste so as to be applied to the cut wound adhered to the rootstock or the scion. The water-soluble cellulose can be polyvinyl alcohol fiber, alginate fiber, carboxymethyl cellulose fiber, etc.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cutting of the rootstock or the cutting of the rootstock near the base of the scion is performed continuously or discontinuously to form a continuous wound or a discontinuous wound.
(III) advantageous effects
(1) Compared with the operation of digging out and shearing off the stock in the second year of survival of the cutting seedlings in the prior art, the method only needs one land preparation ditching and one cutting, the whole process is more efficient, the operation is simple and convenient, the labor time and the cost are saved, and the survival rate of the seedlings can be effectively ensured.
(2) The invention promotes the growth of the rooting at the side of the scion by cutting off the root (cutting off part of the stock) when the cutting grafting bud grows to be more than 30cm in length and the root system is distributed on the whole stock, and promotes the rapid rooting of the one-penis grafted seedling of the male Chinese white poplar by combining the method of 'exogenous phytohormone' matched with 'root burying and raising root' to solve the problems of complicated seedling raising process, low efficiency, high cost, low seedling raising effect and the like of the male Chinese white poplar in the prior art.
(3) The method does not need to interrupt the growth process of the seedlings (the seedlings are not needed to be dug out and cut off the stocks in the next year and then planted), and the base diameter of the measured seedlings is larger than that of the existing method when the seedlings are planted in a cuttage mode for 2 years. In addition, the self-rooting germination rate of the male Chinese white poplar in the prior art is low, so that a large number of seedlings can grow slowly. This does not occur with the method of the present invention.
(4) Further, before cutting off part of the rootstock, the rootstock is subjected to the treatment of cutting off and coating phytohormone paste, and after a period of management, a large number of lateral roots grow around the rootstock, so that even most of the rootstock is cut off subsequently, enough root systems are provided for the growth of the scion. The root system of the scion is grown through the callus rooting principle, the residual rootstock root system and the scion self-growing root jointly provide effective nutrition guarantee for the growth of the scion, and the survival rate and the growth speed of the cuttings are greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the operation of step (3) in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the operation of step (4) in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the operation of step (5) in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the operation of steps (6) to (7) in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for promoting self-rooting and quick-germination of a 'one-whip' grafted seedling of male Chinese white poplar, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Soaking the male Chinese white poplar grafted seedling by one penis: before cutting, a soil pit with the depth of 20cm is dug, the length and the width are suitable for containing 'one whip' cutting strips of all the male Chinese white poplar stored in sand, and a whole piece of plastic cloth is paved in the pit to prevent water leakage. The method comprises the steps of bundling and taking out 'one-line-of-one-penis' cutting of the sand-stored male Chinese white poplar, enabling the scion bud to be upward, enabling the stock to be downward, laying the cut tree in a pit in a tiled mode, injecting water until the base of the cutting is 15cm or so (the base of the scion is not submerged), and maintaining soaking for more than 24 hours. The length of the stock is 20cm, and the grafted seedling is bud grafting.
(2) Preparing a cutting ditch: selecting a land block with flat terrain and fertile soil as a cutting garden, deeply ploughing or rotary-tilling the land block by 40cm deep by using machinery, finely raking the large soil block, and ditching the land block by 20cm deep in the north-south direction by using a ditcher with the ditch spacing of 60cm.
(3) Seedling cuttage: the soaked male Chinese white poplar 'one-stipple' cutting strips are unbundled, plastic bandages at the grafting parts are removed, and cuttage is prepared, wherein the cuttage method is as shown in a figure 1: the upper end of the stock of the cutting is enabled to face north, the scion is enabled to face south, the lower end of the stock is enabled to face south, the scion bud is located on the south side of the stock, the male Chinese white poplar 'one-stipple' cutting is inserted into the ditch in an inclined mode at 45 degrees (forming an included angle with the horizontal plane), the insertion depth is proper to enable the scion bud to be just attached to the ground (the scion bud cannot be buried, the scion bud cannot germinate smoothly), the plant spacing is 40cm, and water is fully filled.
(4) Root cutting of the rootstock: carrying out conventional management such as watering, fertilizing, sprout removing, pest control and the like on the 'one-stick' cutting of the cotted male Chinese white poplar, and preparing to carry out root cutting treatment when the scion bud germinates and grows to be more than 30cm long and the root system is distributed on the whole stock, wherein the method is as shown in figure 2: at the position 5.6-17.0cm south of the base of the 'one-stick' cutting strip of the male Chinese white poplar, a sharp spade is used for making an undercutting motion perpendicular to the rootstock to cut off the root (cut off about 0.6 times of the rootstock).
(5) Longitudinally cutting the scion stem: cutting along the stem of the scion from the two symmetrical sides of the scion from the base part to the top, wherein the length is 7-8cm, then changing the position (cutting longitudinally between the two previous cutting positions), and continuously cutting 7-8cm from the bottom to the top, and the cutting depth is preferably to cut through the bark. The method of cutting the scion is shown in fig. 3.
(6) Application of alpha-naphthylacetic acid paste to the wound: dissolving the calculated quantitative alpha-naphthylacetic acid with a small amount of alcohol, adding water to prepare 500mg/L alpha-naphthylacetic acid solution, adding 0.8% carboxymethyl cellulose fiber, stirring uniformly, adding a proper amount of gypsum powder, and stirring into paste for later use.
As shown in fig. 4, the prepared α -naphthylacetic acid paste was used to apply the cut wound and dried until the paste was attached to the stem without falling off. And finally, filling the cuttage trench with soil to ensure that the cutting part is buried and pouring enough water.
After the work is finished, the cuttings are subjected to conventional management such as watering, fertilizing, sprout removing, pest control and the like according to a conventional method. The carboxymethyl cellulose fiber in the paste is dissolved in water, alpha-naphthylacetic acid is released to stimulate the cutting wound of the scion bud, and the callus of the scion bud wound rapidly generates lateral roots (self-growing roots).
Example 2
This example is different from example 1 in the steps (3) to (4).
Wherein the step (3) is as follows:
the soaked male Chinese white poplar is unbuckled by 'one-penis' cutting, the plastic bandage at the grafting part is removed, and then the rootstock is treated in a manner similar to the step (5) of the embodiment 1: and (3) cutting along the rootstock stem, wherein the cutting method is intermittent cutting, 4 intermittent cutting wounds are formed, the total length is 15cm (each cutting wound is divided into 3 sections), and the cutting depth is just right to cut through the rootstock bark. And then smearing the cut wound by using a phytohormone paste, and airing until the paste is adhered to the stem of the stock without falling off.
The preparation method of the phytohormone paste comprises the following steps: dissolving the calculated quantitative alpha-naphthylacetic acid with a small amount of alcohol, adding water to prepare 500mg/L alpha-naphthylacetic acid solution, adding 0.8% carboxymethyl cellulose fiber, stirring uniformly, adding a proper amount of gypsum powder, and stirring into paste.
After the above work is completed, cutting the cutting wood into the cutting trench, and the cutting method refers to embodiment 1 and fig. 1. The soil is buried in the cutting wound of the stock, and the water is fully irrigated.
Wherein the step (4) is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of watering, fertilizing, sprouting removal, pest control and other conventional management of the 'one-stick' cutting of the cottage male Chinese white poplar, preparing to carry out root cutting treatment when the scion bud germinates and grows to be more than 30cm long and the root system is distributed on the whole stock, wherein the root cutting method refers to the step (4) of the embodiment 1 and the figure 2, and a sharp spade is used for cutting off the root perpendicularly to the stock at the position 5.6-17.0cm south of the base part of the 'one-stick' cutting of the male Chinese white poplar to cut off the root (about 0.7 times of the stock).
Through multiple experimental statistics, the method of the embodiment 1 of the invention is adopted, the self-rooting rapid germination rate of the one-stigmata-fimbriata grafted seedling reaches 91.2%, and the method of the embodiment 2 of the invention is adopted, the self-rooting rapid germination rate of the one-stigmata-fimbriata grafted seedling reaches 97.8%, and the rooting rate and the growth rate are improved by 17-25% compared with the conventional technology, so the effect is very obvious. Meanwhile, the grafting seedling cultivation method provided by the invention can save at least 1/3 of cultivation working hours on average on a single seedling.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for promoting a male populus tomentosa one-penis grafted seedling to root and germinate rapidly is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, grafting seedling soaking: soaking the stock part of the male populus tomentosa one-penis grafted seedling for more than 24 hours by using water;
s2, preparing a cuttage ditch, namely forming the cuttage ditch in a cuttage nursery;
s3, cuttage: removing a plastic binding band at a grafting part on a penis inserting strip of the soaked male Chinese white poplar, cutting along the stem of the stock to form a plurality of wounds, wherein the length of each wound is 0.4 to 0.8 time of the total length of the stock, and the cutting depth is just right to cut through the bark of the stock; smearing the cut wound by using a phytohormone paste, and airing until the paste is stuck to the rootstock stem without falling off; then, the upper end of the stock of the cutting is towards the north, the scion is towards the south, the lower end of the stock is towards the south, the stock is obliquely inserted into the cutting ditch by 45 degrees, the soil is ensured to bury the cutting wound, and the base part of the scion is attached to the ground; after cuttage, watering;
s4, root cutting of the rootstock: conventionally managing a cutting of a penis of a cottage male Chinese white poplar, and directly cutting off part of the rootstock to cut off roots by using a tool with a blade under the condition of not taking out the rootstock when a scion germinates and grows to be more than 30cm in length and the root system is distributed on the whole rootstock, wherein the cut part of the rootstock accounts for 0.4 to 0.8 times of the total length of the rootstock; promoting the growth of scion side roots by cutting roots;
s5, longitudinally cutting the butted spike stems: cutting along the scion stem near the scion base to form several cuts with the cutting depth being just right to cut through the scion bark;
s6, applying a phytohormone paste to the wound: smearing the cut wound with phytohormone paste, and air drying until the paste is adhered to the stem without falling off; the phytohormone paste is obtained by mixing plant growth stimulin, water-soluble cellulose, harmless powder filler and water into paste;
s7, burying soil and leveling the ditch: and filling the cutting ditch with soil to ensure that the cutting wound is buried by the soil and water is fully poured.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the grafted seedling cutting is a bud cutting comprising a rootstock and a scion, the scion is a scion, the rootstock has a length of 19-21cm and a thickness of 0.5-1.5cm.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S1, when the graft is soaked, a soil pit with a depth of 20 ± 2cm is dug, a water-permeation-proof film is laid on the bottom of the pit, the male Chinese white poplar flagellate cuttings previously stored in sand are bundled and taken out, the male Chinese white poplar cuttings are placed in the soil pit with the scions facing upwards and the stocks facing downwards, and water is injected to submerge the bases of the cuttings to a depth of 15 ± 3cm.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S2, a land with flat terrain and fertile soil is selected as a cutting garden, deep ploughing or rotary tillage is carried out for 40 +/-3 cm, the large soil is raked to be fine, and a cutting ditch is opened by using a ditcher.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the insertion depth is that the lower end of the scion is just attached to the ground, and the plant spacing is 40 +/-3 cm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in S5, the wounds are 4 and are circumferentially distributed on the outer surface of the stem of the scion.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phytohormone paste is prepared by adding water soluble cellulose 0.7-0.9wt% into alpha-naphthylacetic acid solution 500mg/L, stirring, adding appropriate amount of Gypsum Fibrosum powder, and mixing to obtain paste.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the wound is scored as a continuous wound or an intermittent wound.
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| JP2011087505A (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2011-05-06 | Tetsuya Kudo | Grafting method and grafted seedling |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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