CN113573948A - 用于机动车辆发动机舱的隔音屏 - Google Patents

用于机动车辆发动机舱的隔音屏 Download PDF

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CN113573948A
CN113573948A CN202080012941.0A CN202080012941A CN113573948A CN 113573948 A CN113573948 A CN 113573948A CN 202080012941 A CN202080012941 A CN 202080012941A CN 113573948 A CN113573948 A CN 113573948A
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layer
bottom layer
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screen according
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M·波蒂埃
S·理贝斯
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Taifo Product Service And Innovation Co
Treves Products Services and Innovation SAS
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Taifo Product Service And Innovation Co
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Priority claimed from FR1910099A external-priority patent/FR3100769B1/fr
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Abstract

本发明涉及屏(1)，包括：模塑热塑性材料基外部壳(2)；可弹性压缩的模塑聚氨酯泡沫基内部底层(3)，所述底层通过重叠模塑与所述壳的背面结合，所述壳基于热成型的热塑性材料片材，所述壳具有0.2‑1mm的厚度，所述壳选择性地：或者是双层壳，所述壳具有聚烯烃基外层(4)，所述外层在所述底层侧上为了能够实现所述壳和所述底层之间的粘合而设置有粘合到所述泡沫上的热塑性材料基背层(5)；或者是单层壳，所述壳基于聚烯烃，所述背面经过了能够改善其与所述底层的粘合的表面处理。

Description

用于机动车辆发动机舱的隔音屏
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于机动车辆发动机舱的隔音屏以及所述屏的安装件(montage)。
背景技术
制造用于机动车辆发动机舱的隔音屏是已知的，所述屏包括：
·通过注塑制成的热塑性材料基壳，所述材料尤其基于聚烯烃以具有良好的耐流体性，
·可弹性压缩的模塑聚氨酯泡沫基底层，所述底层例如通过铆压(bouterolles)不连续地固定在所述壳的内面上。
该底层使得能够同时通过归因于其多孔结构的吸收并且还通过将壳与设置在发动机舱中的外部支撑件分离来提供隔音，在该外部支撑件上安装该屏。
关于该壳，其使得能够由于其密封性而提供：
-隔音，
-保护底层免受其可能遭受的各种侵害：发动机流体(油、酸性电池液、制动液/清洗液等)的泄漏、细砂砾冲击、灰尘等。
但是，这样的布置具有若干缺点：
·考虑到所涉及的材料量(所述壳可特别具有通常为2-3mm的厚度)和非常高的注塑设备成本，所述壳具有高成本，
·与通过注射制成的壳的重质量相关的高重量，
·非优化的壳的消音，因为所述壳不是与底层连续内聚结合。
发明内容
本发明旨在克服这些缺点。
为此，并且根据第一方面，本发明提供一种用于机动车辆发动机舱的隔音屏，所述屏包括：
·模塑热塑性材料基外部壳，
·可弹性压缩的模塑聚氨酯泡沫基内部底层(sous-couche)，
所述屏还具有以下特性：
·所述底层通过重叠模塑(surmoulage)与所述壳的背面结合，
·所述壳基于热成型的热塑性材料片材，
·所述壳具有0.2-1mm的厚度，
所述壳选择性地：
·或者是双层壳，所述壳具有聚烯烃基外层，所述外层在所述底层侧上为了能够实现所述壳和所述底层之间的粘合而设置有粘合到所述泡沫上的热塑性材料基背层，
·或者是单层壳，所述壳基于聚烯烃，所述背面经过了能够改善其与所述底层的粘合的表面处理。
在单层壳的情况下，壳与底层之间的粘合的这种改善通过该背面的表面张力的增加来解释。
这样的布置使得能够实现：
·壳的成本降低，因为与注塑相比所涉及的材料量较少并且与注射相比热成型模塑设备的成本显著降低；此外，与注塑相比，热成型的制造周期时间大大缩短，
·与通过热成型制成的壳的质量减少有关的重量减轻，所述壳具有与通过注塑制成的壳相比非常薄的厚度，
·优化的壳的消音，因为所述壳与底层连续内聚结合，这归因于其被泡沫底层的重叠模塑。
还要指出，用于该壳的聚烯烃使得能够容易地剥离可能在底层模塑模具的周边处漏出并溢出到所述壳的外表面上的泡沫，这归因于聚氨酯泡沫不粘附在聚烯烃(其具有非极性)上。
根据另一方面，本发明提供了这种屏的安装件。
附图说明
本发明的其他特性和优点将在参考附图的以下描述中显现，其中：
·图1是根据第一实施方案的安装在支撑件上的屏的示意性局部剖视图，
·图2是根据第二实施方案的安装在支撑件上的屏的示意性局部剖视图。
具体实施方式
现在参考附图描述用于机动车辆发动机舱的隔音屏1，所述屏包括：
·模塑热塑性材料基外部壳2，
·可弹性压缩的模塑聚氨酯泡沫基内部底层3，
所述屏还具有以下特性：
·所述底层通过重叠模塑(surmoulage)与所述壳的背面结合，
·所述壳基于热成型的热塑性材料片材，
·所述壳具有0.2-1mm的厚度，
所述壳选择性地：
·或者是双层壳，所述壳具有聚烯烃基外层4，所述外层在所述底层侧上为了能够实现所述壳和所述底层之间的粘合而设置有粘合到所述泡沫上的热塑性材料基背层5，
·或者是单层壳，所述壳基于聚烯烃，所述背面经过了能够改善其与所述底层的粘合的表面处理。
根据适用于双层壳2的实施方案，背层5选择性地基于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯(ABS)、聚氨酯(PU)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚碳酸酯与丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯的混合物(PC-ABS)、聚酰胺(PA)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)。
根据适用于单层壳2的实施方案，该表面处理已通过火焰或通过放电实施，特别是通过等离子体处理或电晕处理实施。
根据适用于所有实施方式的实施方案，内部底层3的泡沫具有50g/l-400g/l的密度。
根据所示的实施方案，屏1包括至少一个穿过壳2和内部底层3的孔口6，以使得固定装置7能够通过，该固定装置7用于将所述屏固定到设置在发动机舱中的外部支撑件8上。
壳2的存在允许将固定装置7更好地保持在屏1上，由于所述壳提供的加强作用而使得扯掉的风险最小化。
根据一种实施方案，壳2设置有在其背面上形成的粒纹(grainage)，以扩大所述壳与底层3的粘合表面。
根据所示的实施方案，壳2的外表面11涂覆有涂覆材料层9，所述材料例如是非织造材料。
现在描述这种屏1在设置在发动机舱中的外部支撑件8上的安装件，所述安装件包括所述屏和所述支撑件，面向所述支撑件的底层3的面10具有与所述支撑件的几何形状基本互补的几何形状以与其形状基本匹配，这样的布置使得能够限制声辐射。
最后将描述第一种制造方法用于制造包括双层壳2的这种屏1，所述方法包括以下步骤：
·提供厚度为0.2-1mm的热塑性材料片材，所述片材具有聚烯烃基外层4，所述外层设置有能够粘合到聚氨酯泡沫上的热塑性材料基背层5，
·通过所述片材的热成型来获得壳2，例如在热成型模具中使用红外加热和施加负压来实现，
·将所述壳置于反应注射模具(RIM)中，
·将可弹性压缩的泡沫前体混合物注射到所述壳中，使其在由所述模具限定的模塑腔中膨胀并形成重叠模塑所述壳的底层3，
·在所述泡沫膨胀和模塑之后，将获得的所述屏脱模。
最后将描述第二种制造方法用于制造包括单层壳2的这种屏1，所述方法包括以下步骤：
·提供厚度为0.2-1mm的热塑性材料片材，所述片材基于聚烯烃，
·进行所述片材的热成型以获得壳2，所述热成型：
°之后进行所述壳的背面的表面处理，
°或者之前进行旨在形成所述背面的所述片材的面的表面处理，
·将所述壳置于反应注射模具(RIM)中，所述背面朝向模塑腔，
·在所述背面上注射可弹性压缩的泡沫前体混合物，使其在所述腔中膨胀并形成重叠模塑所述壳的底层3，
·在模塑所述泡沫之后，将获得的所述屏脱模。

Claims (8)

1.用于机动车辆发动机舱的隔音屏(1)，所述屏包括：
·模塑热塑性材料基外部壳(2)，
·可弹性压缩的模塑聚氨酯泡沫基内部底层(3)，
所述屏的特征在于：
·所述底层通过重叠模塑与所述壳的背面结合，
·所述壳基于热成型的热塑性材料片材，
·所述壳具有0.2-1mm的厚度，
所述壳选择性地：
·或者是双层壳，所述壳具有聚烯烃基外层(4)，所述外层在所述底层侧上为了能够实现所述壳和所述底层之间的粘合而设置有粘合到所述泡沫上的热塑性材料基背层(5)，
·或者是单层壳，所述壳基于聚烯烃，所述背面经过了能够改善其与所述底层的粘合的表面处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的屏，其特征在于，双层壳(2)的背层(5)选择性地基于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯(ABS)、聚氨酯(PU)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚碳酸酯与丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯的混合物(PC-ABS)、聚酰胺(PA)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的屏，其特征在于，单层壳(2)的表面处理通过火焰或通过放电实施。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的屏，其特征在于，内部底层(3)的泡沫具有50g/l-400g/l的密度。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的屏，其特征在于，它包括至少一个穿过壳(2)和内部底层(3)的孔口(6)，以使得固定装置(7)能够通过，该固定装置(7)用于将所述屏固定到设置在发动机舱中的外部支撑件(8)上。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的屏，其特征在于，壳(2)设置有在其背面上形成的粒纹，以扩大所述壳与底层(3)的粘合表面。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的屏，其特征在于，壳(2)的外表面(11)涂覆有涂覆材料层(9)。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的屏在设置在发动机舱中的外部支撑件(8)上的安装件，所述安装件包括所述屏和所述支撑件，面向所述支撑件的底层(3)的面(10)具有与所述支撑件的几何形状基本互补的几何形状以与其形状基本匹配。
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