CN113355102A - Method for improving quality and efficiency of tropical sandy farmland soil - Google Patents
Method for improving quality and efficiency of tropical sandy farmland soil Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Abstract
The invention provides a tropical sandy farmland soil composition which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 55-65% of earthworm culture, 8-12% of composite microbial inoculum and the balance of fine phosphorus ore powder, wherein the composite microbial inoculum is prepared from 2-3% of paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma viride and bacillus megaterium by weight: 2-3: 1-2: 1-2, wherein the earthworm culture is obtained by adopting a culture medium obtained by naturally fermenting and air-drying cow dung and corncobs, and is used for breeding earthworms, a conditioner is added during breeding, and the earthworm culture are separated after breeding. The invention realizes the effective combination of the earthworm culture, the fine phosphorus mineral powder and the composite microbial inoculum, so that the prepared composition forms a physical-chemical-biological multiphase synergistic reaction chain in tropical sandy soil, improves the physical structure, the microbial diversity and the nutrient holding capacity of the sandy soil, and plays a comprehensive effect of fertilizing the soil and increasing the phosphorus content and the disease resistance of crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of green agriculture, in particular to a method for improving quality and efficiency of tropical sandy farmland soil.
Background
Sandy soil is one of the most widely distributed soils in the world, covering areas in excess of 9 hundred million hectares. Although sandy soil is mainly distributed in arid regions where there is little human smoke (such as deserts and edges of deserts), in semi-moist tropical regions, sandy soil is an important food crop producing area. For example, the redsand of south and southeast Asia accounts for 10% of world redsand; the soil area of the high land in northeast of Thai is 2000 hectare, the area is mainly light sandy soil, the clay content in the surface soil is less than 15%, and the soil has low organic matter content and weak acidity. Tropical sandy soil in China is mainly distributed in Hainan province, the total area reaches 485 mu of a mu, and the tropical sandy soil is an important component of Hainan agriculture. Hainan province is the main production place of tropical crops in China and is the main production base of tropical fruits and winter melon and vegetable. Sustainable utilization of soil resources is an important link in the development of agriculture. Sandy soil is lack of water and fertilizer, the crop yield is low, and the development of agriculture in tropical regions is severely restricted. Based on the problems, a suitable soil improvement technology is developed, the water and fertilizer retention capacity of tropical sandy soil is improved, the crop yield is increased, the potential pollution risk of organic fertilizer use is reduced, and the method has important significance for agricultural sustainable development in Hainan province and other tropical regions.
Aiming at the problems of water leakage, fertilizer leakage and poor nutrient of sandy soil, the prior art focuses on improving the water holding capacity of sandy soil, such as adding fly ash, a polyacrylamide water-retaining agent or a mixture of the fly ash and the polyacrylamide water-retaining agent (Zhao Zhi, 2013) to improve the water holding capacity of the soil in the field, reduce the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil and increase the effective water content of the soil; or the organic materials are utilized to increase the organic matters of the soil, improve the soil structure and improve the nutrient content of the soil so as to improve the crop yield. Researches show that organic materials such as peat, animal manure, crop straws, sapropel and the like can improve the water holding capacity of the mixed sandy soil, reduce the pH value and the volume weight of the sandy soil, increase the contents of organic matters, quick-acting nitrogen and humic acid in the sandy soil and promote the growth of crops. The organic material and the inorganic fertilizer are mixed to prepare the composite soil nutrition conditioner, and the effect of improving the sandy soil is also good. However, the above technology focuses on improving sandy soil in cold and warm regions, under tropical high temperature and heavy rainfall conditions, the mineralization rate of organic matters is high, and few organic matters can stably exist in the soil for a long time, so that the improvement effect of applying organic materials in tropical soil is usually short-term, and the difficulty of improving and increasing the efficiency of sandy farmland soil in the tropical regions is greatly increased. Meanwhile, only the physicochemical property of the soil is improved, and the control effect on the disease incidence is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the tropical sandy farmland soil composition provided by the invention can achieve the effects of improving the physicochemical property of soil for a long time, increasing the content of soil organic matters, reducing the mineralization rate of the organic matters and reducing the incidence rate of crop diseases by effectively combining the earthworm culture, the fine phosphorus mineral powder and the composite microbial inoculum.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a tropical sandy farmland soil composition comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 55-65% of earthworm culture, 8-12% of composite microbial inoculum and the balance fine phosphate ore powder.
The composite microbial agent is prepared from paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus subtilis, viridin and bacillus megaterium in a weight ratio of 2-3: 2-3: 1-2: 1-2.
Further, the preparation method of the earthworm culture comprises the following steps:
step S1: adopting cow dung and corncobs for natural fermentation for 5-7 d, naturally air-drying for 1-2 d to obtain a culture medium, and dividing the culture medium into a first culture medium and a second culture medium;
step S2: taking a first culture medium, and adding the first culture medium into the first culture medium at a density of 1.5-2 ten thousand strips/m2The breeding temperature of the earthworms is 20-30 ℃, the humidity is 60-80%, and after 3-4 months of breeding, the earthworms and earthworm cultures are separated to obtain the earthworm cultures.
Further, the weight ratio of the cow dung to the corncobs is 7-9: 5 to 6.
Further explaining, after culturing for 60-70 d, spreading a conditioner every 5-7 d; wherein the addition amount of the conditioner is 6-8% of the weight of the first culture medium.
Further, the conditioner is prepared by mixing the second culture medium, the peanut shell powder and water in a weight ratio of 1-2: 1-2: 2-3, and mixing.
Further, the fine phosphorus ore powder is medium and low grade phosphate rock powder, and the particle size is 380-420 meshes.
Further, the preparation method of the tropical sandy farmland soil composition comprises the following steps:
step Sa: adding the composite microbial inoculum into the earthworm culture, mixing, and stirring while heating to obtain a mixture 1;
and Sb: adding fine phosphate rock powder and water into the mixture 1, and stirring to obtain a mixture 2;
step Sc: and standing the mixture 2 for 22-26 h to obtain the composition of the sandy farmland soil in the tropical zone.
Further, the stirring while heating is carried out at a speed of 2-4 ℃/min until the temperature is raised to 30-35 ℃, and the stirring is continuously carried out during the heating process, so that a mixture 1 is obtained.
Further explaining, in the Sb step, water is added to adjust the water content of the mixture 1 to be 45-55%; the stirring is intermittent stirring, namely after 20-30 min of stirring, stopping stirring for 5-10 min, and repeatedly operating the intermittent stirring for 2-3 times.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the composition of the earthworm culture, the fine phosphorus mineral powder and the composite microbial inoculum provided by the invention adopts specific components and proportions to form a physical-chemical-biological multiphase synergistic reaction chain in sandy soil, so that the sandy soil is promoted to be improved in the aspects of physical structure, microbial diversity, nutrient holding capacity and the like, and the comprehensive effects of fertilizing the soil and increasing the crop yield and disease resistance are achieved. The related mechanisms involved are: the composite microbial inoculum provides a composite flora for promoting crop growth and disease resistance, and the earthworm culture can provide a relatively stable carbon source, improve the soil granular structure and provide a good growth environment for microorganisms; the earthworm is bred by taking cow dung and corncobs as raw materials, the corncobs provide rich nutrient components, meanwhile, the earthworm culture is promoted to form a microorganism system in the earthworm culture in the breeding process, the microorganism types are enriched, and after the earthworm culture is combined with fine phosphate mineral powder and a composite microbial inoculum, the organic matter content of tropical soil is more effectively kept in a certain range, and the mineralization rate of organic matters is reduced; organic matters secreted by microorganisms can promote the release of phosphorus in the fine phosphorus mineral powder, and hyphae can also directly absorb inorganic phosphorus in the fine phosphorus mineral powder and convert the inorganic phosphorus into organic phosphorus, so that the phosphorus content of crops is increased;
(2) the compound microbial inoculum adopts scientific proportion, can inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria in soil when applied to the soil, decomposes organic matters in the soil, diversifies soil components, is easy to absorb, and improves the disease resistance and disease prevention capability of crops; the paecilomyces lilacinus, the bacillus subtilis, the viridin and the bacillus megaterium are mutually cooperated, so that the absorption rate of the composite microbial inoculum to the fine phosphorus mineral powder is improved, the fine phosphorus mineral powder is converted into organic phosphorus, the absorption of plants to the organic phosphorus is promoted, and the phosphorus content of farmland crops is increased;
(3) in addition, the broadcasting conditioner further enhances the activity of the earthworms and promotes the decomposition rate of the earthworms, so that the obtained earthworm culture has rich nutrient components and high organic matter and humic acid content, and forms a certain microbial community system to better improve the granular structure of soil; meanwhile, the interaction between the microbial community and the composite microbial inoculum is enhanced, the growth activity of the microbes is enhanced, the complex substances are mineralized into effective substances, the immobilization effect of the soil on organic matters is improved, the mineralization rate of the organic matters is further reduced, and the long-term improvement and promotion effects are achieved.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
Example 1
The tropical sandy farmland soil composition comprises 55% of earthworm culture and 8% of composite microbial inoculum by weight percent of raw materials, and comprises the following raw materials by weight: 55g of earthworm culture, 8g of composite microbial inoculum and 37g of 400-mesh fine phosphorus mineral powder; the composite microbial agent is prepared by mixing 2g of paecilomyces lilacinus, 2g of bacillus subtilis, 2g of trichoderma viride and 2g of bacillus megaterium, wherein the weight ratio of the paecilomyces lilacinus to the bacillus subtilis to the trichoderma viride to the bacillus megaterium is 2: 2: 2: 2.
example 2
The tropical sandy farmland soil composition comprises 65% of earthworm culture and 12% of composite microbial inoculum by weight percent of raw materials, and comprises the following raw materials by weight: 65g of earthworm culture, 12g of composite microbial inoculum and 23g of 420-mesh fine phosphate ore powder; the composite microbial agent is prepared by mixing 3.6g of paecilomyces lilacinus, 3.6g of bacillus subtilis, 2.4g of trichoderma viride and 2.4g of bacillus megaterium, wherein the weight ratio of the paecilomyces lilacinus to the bacillus subtilis to the trichoderma viride to the bacillus megaterium in the composite microbial agent is 3: 3: 2: 2.
example 3
The tropical sandy farmland soil composition comprises 60% of earthworm culture and 10% of composite microbial inoculum by weight percent of raw materials, and comprises the following raw materials by weight: 60g of earthworm culture, 10g of composite microbial inoculum and 30g of 380-mesh fine phosphate mineral powder; the composite microbial agent is prepared by mixing 3.75g of paecilomyces lilacinus, 3.75g of bacillus subtilis, 1.25g of trichoderma viride and 1.25g of bacillus megaterium, wherein the weight ratio of the paecilomyces lilacinus to the bacillus subtilis to the trichoderma viride to the bacillus megaterium in the composite microbial agent is 3: 3: 1: 1.
the method for producing the earthworm culture of examples 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
step S1: adopting 700g of cow dung and 500g of corncobs for natural fermentation for 5d, then naturally air-drying for 1d to obtain a culture medium, and dividing the culture medium into a first culture medium and a second culture medium;
step S2: taking 400g of the first culture medium, adding the first culture medium into the first culture medium with the density of 1.5 ten thousand strips/m2Culturing the earthworms at 25 ℃ and 65% humidity for 3 months, and separating the earthworms and the earthworm culture to obtain the earthworm culture; wherein, after the cultivation period reaches 60 days, 24g of conditioner is broadcast every 5 days (the conditioner isThe conditioner is formed by mixing 6g of second culture medium, 6g of peanut shell powder and 12g of water, wherein the weight ratio of the second culture medium to the peanut shell powder to the water in the conditioner is 1: 1: 2) i.e. the amount of conditioner added per time is 6% by weight of the first culture medium.
The method for preparing the tropical sandy farmland soil composition of embodiments 1 to 3 includes the steps of:
step Sa: adding the composite microbial inoculum into the earthworm culture, mixing, heating to 30 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and continuously stirring in the heating process to obtain a mixture 1;
and Sb: adding fine phosphate rock powder into the mixture 1, adding water to adjust the water content of the mixture 1 to 45%, stirring for 20min, stopping stirring for 5min, and repeating the stirring and the stopping stirring for 2 times;
step Sc: and standing the mixture 2 for 22 hours to obtain the tropical sandy farmland soil composition.
Example 4
A tropical sandy farmland soil composition according to example 3, which is distinguished by: the preparation method of the earthworm culture comprises the following steps:
step S1: adopting 900g of cow dung and 600g of corncobs for natural fermentation for 6d, then naturally drying for 2d to obtain a culture medium, and dividing the culture medium into a first culture medium and a second culture medium;
step S2: 560g of the first culture substrate is taken and added with the culture substrate with the density of 2 ten thousand pieces/m2Culturing the earthworms at 25 ℃ and 65% humidity for 4 months, and separating the earthworms and the earthworm culture to obtain the earthworm culture; after the cultivation period reaches 70 days, 42g of conditioner is broadcast every 7 days (the conditioner is formed by mixing 12g of second culture medium, 12g of peanut shell powder and 18g of water, the weight ratio of the second culture medium, the peanut shell powder and the water in the conditioner is 2: 2: 3), namely, the adding amount of the conditioner in each time is 7.5% of the weight of the first culture medium.
A preparation method of the tropical sandy farmland soil composition comprises the following steps:
step Sa: adding the composite microbial inoculum into the earthworm culture, mixing, heating to 33 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, stirring while heating, and standing at constant temperature for 25min to obtain a mixture 1;
and Sb: adding fine phosphate rock powder into the mixture 1, adding water to adjust the water content of the mixture 1 to 50%, stirring for 25min, stopping stirring for 8min, and repeating the stirring and the stopping stirring for 3 times;
step Sc: and standing the mixture 2 for 24 hours to obtain the tropical sandy farmland soil composition.
Comparative example 1
A tropical sandy farmland soil composition according to example 4, which is distinguished by: the material comprises the following raw materials by weight: 45g of earthworm culture and 14g of composite microbial inoculum; the composite microbial agent is prepared by mixing 1.75g of paecilomyces lilacinus, 1.75g of bacillus subtilis, 5.25g of trichoderma viride and 5.25g of bacillus megaterium, wherein the weight ratio of the paecilomyces lilacinus to the bacillus subtilis to the trichoderma viride to the bacillus megaterium in the composite microbial agent is 1: 1: 3: 3.
comparative example 2
A tropical sandy farmland soil composition according to example 4, which is distinguished by: the method adopts wormcast to replace earthworm culture, and the preparation method of the wormcast comprises the following steps: fermenting with cow dung for 6 days, naturally air drying for 2 days to obtain culture medium, and adding 1.5 ten thousand pieces/m2The earthworms are cultured for 4 months at the culture temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 65 percent, and the earthworms and the wormcast are separated to obtain the wormcast.
Comparative example 3
A tropical sandy farmland soil composition according to example 4, which is distinguished by: in step S2, 56g of the broadcast conditioner is applied (the conditioner is formed by mixing 21g of the second culture medium, 28g of the peanut shell powder and 7g of water, and the weight ratio of the second culture medium, the peanut shell powder and the water in the conditioner is 3: 4: 1), that is, the adding amount of the conditioner in each time is 10% of the weight of the first culture medium.
Comparative example 4
A tropical sandy farmland soil composition according to example 4, which is distinguished by: in the step S2, after the cultivation period reaches 80 days, the conditioner is broadcast every 10 days.
Comparative example 5
A tropical sandy farmland soil composition according to example 4, which is distinguished by: the tropical sandy farmland soil composition is prepared by different methods, adding the complex microbial inoculum into the earthworm culture and the fine phosphorus mineral powder to obtain a mixture, adding water to adjust the water content of the mixture to 50%, stirring for 25min, stopping stirring for 8min, and repeating the stirring and the stopping stirring for 3 times.
1. Experimental test 1
(1) The method comprises the following steps: planting the peppers in pot plants, wherein 45 experimental groups are arranged in total, 9 pots are arranged in each experimental group, and 1 plant is arranged in each pot; the tropical sandy farmland soil compositions prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were respectively applied to 5 experimental groups.
(2) The detection method comprises the following steps: incidence (%) × 100% (number of infected plants/total number of plants); according to determination of multiple elements in national food safety standard (GB 5009.268-2016), performing microwave digestion treatment on the pepper, and determining the content of P elements by adopting an ICP-MS (PE-Necion-2000) instrument; measuring the content of organic matters in the soil according to a potassium dichromate volumetric method-an external heating method in soil agrochemical analysis; respectively detecting MWD (MWD) and MWD (MWD) of soil aggregate by using wet screening method and dry screening method in agricultural industry Standard of the people's republic of China (NY/T1121.19-2008)DThe results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the above table, when the tropical sandy farmland soil composition prepared in the embodiments 1 to 4 of the present invention is applied, the phosphorus content of the pepper can reach 5.11g/kg, the disease rate is 4.4 to 11.1%, the content of the soil organic matter is 3.93 to 4.13%, the particle size of the aggregate MWDw is 0.52 to 0.59mm, and the MWD of the aggregate is 0.52 to 0.59mmDThe particle size of the composite microbial inoculum is 1.15-1.24 mm, which shows that the weight ratio of paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus subtilis, viridin and bacillus megaterium in the composite microbial inoculum is 2-3 by controlling 55-65% of earthworm culture and 8-12% of the composite microbial inoculum: 2-3: 1-2: 1-2, realizing effective components of earthworm culture, fine phosphorus mineral powder and complex microbial inoculumIn combination, the particle size of aggregate in soil is improved, the nutrient holding capacity of soil and the content of soil organic matters are enhanced, and the comprehensive effects of fertilizing soil, promoting the phosphorus content of sandy soil farmland crops and reducing the disease rate of the crops are achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the content of phosphorus in the pepper is only 4.69g/kg, the morbidity reaches 26.7%, and the content of organic matters in the soil is 3.87%, which shows that through scientific proportioning, the compound microbial inoculum, the earthworm culture and the fine phosphorus mineral powder form various synergistic reaction chains in the soil, so that the content of nutrient elements of farmland crops is promoted, the capacities of the crops in defense and resisting soil-borne diseases are increased, the granular structure of the soil is improved, the permeability and fertility of the soil are improved, and the soil nutrient loss is prevented; comparative example 2 soil has a lower organic content, 0.45mm MWDw of agglomerates and MWD of agglomeratesDThe grain size is 1.05mm, which shows that the earthworm culture obtained by the cultivation method can better promote the content of soil organic matters, improve the grain size of soil aggregates and increase the fertility of soil; the indexes of all aspects of the comparative example 3 are poor, and the earthworm culture obtained by applying the conditioner for cultivation is rich in nutrient substances, can strengthen the growth activity of microorganisms, promotes the growth of farmland crops, and enhances the disease resistance of the crops; the organic matter content of the soil in the comparative example 4 is 3.85%, and the interval time of the spreading of the conditioner is too long, so that the growth activity of the earthworms cannot be well regulated; the content of phosphorus in the pepper is 4.72g/kg and the incidence rate is 15.6 percent in the comparative example 5, which shows that the complex microbial inoculum and the earthworm culture are mixed firstly, so that the activation of the complex microbial inoculum is facilitated, the mutual synergistic effect of the complex microbial inoculum and a microorganism system in the earthworm culture is enhanced, and the absorption of organic phosphorus by plants is promoted.
2. Experimental test 2
After the peppers are harvested, swamp cabbage is planted, the organic matter content of the soil is detected by the same method, the morbidity of the swamp cabbage is detected by the same method, and the detection results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
From the above table, after the second round of vegetable planting, the incidence rate of the water spinach in examples 1 to 4 is 4.4 to 13.3%, and the content of the organic matter in the soil is 3.90 to 4.10%, which shows that the tropical sandy farmland soil composition prepared by the specific mixture ratio can control the incidence rate of crop diseases, reduce the mineralization rate of the organic matter in the soil, and realize the long-term improvement effect on the soil, and after the vegetables are continuously planted, the organic matter content can be well kept in a certain range, so that the effect of the composition on improving the quality and increasing the efficiency of the soil is fully exerted.
The disease incidence of the comparative example 1 reaches 28.9%, the organic matter content of the comparative example 2, the organic matter content of the comparative example 3 and the organic matter content of the comparative example 4 are respectively reduced by 5.4%, 2.8% and 2.6%, the earthworm culture obtained by adopting the conditioner to breed the earthworm has stronger active ingredients and rich mineral substances and humic acid content, the joint synergistic effect of the flora, the composite microbial inoculum and the earthworm culture microbial system in the soil can be enhanced, the nutrient holding capacity of the soil is improved, and the soil for improving tropical sandy soil has long-term property; the incidence of disease of comparative example 5 was 17.8%, the organic content was 3.84%, and the incidence of crop disease increased.
In conclusion, 55-65% of earthworm culture and 8-12% of composite microbial inoculum are controlled, and the weight ratio of paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus subtilis, viridin and bacillus megaterium in the composite microbial inoculum is 2-3: 2-3: 1-2: 1-2, forming a physical-chemical-biological multiphase synergistic reaction chain in the sandy soil by the composition, promoting the sandy soil to be improved in the aspects of physical structure, microbial diversity, nutrient holding capacity and the like, and playing a comprehensive effect of fertilizing the soil and increasing the phosphorus content and disease resistance of crops.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A tropical sandy farmland soil composition is characterized in that: comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 55-65% of earthworm culture, 8-12% of composite microbial inoculum and the balance fine phosphate powder;
the composite microbial agent is prepared from paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus subtilis, viridin and bacillus megaterium in a weight ratio of 2-3: 2-3: 1-2: 1-2.
2. The tropical sandy farmland soil composition of claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the earthworm culture comprises the following steps:
step S1: adopting cow dung and corncobs for natural fermentation for 5-7 d, naturally air-drying for 1-2 d to obtain a culture medium, and dividing the culture medium into a first culture medium and a second culture medium;
step S2: taking a first culture medium, and adding the first culture medium into the first culture medium at a density of 1.5-2 ten thousand strips/m2The breeding temperature of the earthworms is 20-30 ℃, the humidity is 60-80%, and after 3-4 months of breeding, the earthworms and earthworm cultures are separated to obtain the earthworm cultures.
3. The tropical sandy farmland soil composition according to claim 2, wherein: the weight ratio of the cow dung to the corncobs is 7-9: 5 to 6.
4. The tropical sandy farmland soil composition according to claim 2, wherein: after the cultivation lasts for 60-70 d, applying a conditioner every 5-7 d; wherein the addition amount of the conditioner is 6-8% of the weight of the first culture medium.
5. The tropical sandy farmland soil composition according to claim 4, wherein: the conditioner is prepared from the second culture medium, peanut shell powder and water in a weight ratio of 1-2: 1-2: 2-3, and mixing.
6. The tropical sandy farmland soil composition of claim 1, wherein: the fine phosphorus ore powder is medium and low grade phosphate rock powder, and the particle size is 380-420 meshes.
7. The method for preparing the tropical sandy farmland soil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step Sa: adding the composite microbial inoculum into the earthworm culture, mixing, and stirring while heating to obtain a mixture 1;
and Sb: adding fine phosphate rock powder and water into the mixture 1, and stirring to obtain a mixture 2;
step Sc: and standing the mixture 2 for 22-26 h to obtain the composition of the sandy farmland soil in the tropical zone.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the stirring while heating is carried out by heating to 30-35 ℃ at the speed of 2-4 ℃/min, and the mixture 1 is obtained by continuously stirring in the heating process.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the Sb step, water is added to adjust the water content of the mixture 1 to be 45-55%; the stirring is intermittent stirring, namely after 20-30 min of stirring, stopping stirring for 5-10 min, and repeatedly operating the intermittent stirring for 2-3 times.
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| CN110521538A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-03 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | A kind of preparation method of richness iron wormcast and its application in remediation contaminated soil |
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| GB201015794D0 (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2010-10-27 | Sita Logistics Ltd | Soil treatment process |
| CN104178178B (en) * | 2014-08-16 | 2016-05-11 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of organic amendment that can passivation vegetable soil copper zinc lead |
| CN107324945A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-11-07 | 高建国 | A kind of method that utilization animal dung produces particular biological organic fertilizer |
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2021
- 2021-06-25 CN CN202110714017.3A patent/CN113355102A/en active Pending
- 2021-09-30 WO PCT/CN2021/122246 patent/WO2022267261A1/en unknown
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1911865A (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2007-02-14 | 中国农业大学 | Method of producing active nutritional fertilizer using old domostic garbage |
| CN105777435A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-07-20 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Mineral substance bioorganic fertilizer and preparing method thereof |
| CN106518520A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-22 | 江西省农业科学院农产品质量安全与标准研究所 | Soil conditioner and preparation method |
| CN107459421A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-12-12 | 河北菇沃生物科技有限公司 | A kind of Agricus blazei plantation simultaneously plants bacteria residue while the method for producing organic fertilizer using it |
| CN107382391A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-11-24 | 刘奋安 | Using earthworm excrement, earthworm ovum as raw material earthworm derivative preparation method of organic fertilizer |
| CN110172006A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-08-27 | 王凤荣 | A kind of novel biological fertilizer and preparation method |
| CN110521538A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-03 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | A kind of preparation method of richness iron wormcast and its application in remediation contaminated soil |
| CN112266293A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-26 | 武汉市秀谷科技有限公司 | Composition for improving farmland soil nutrients and preparation method thereof |
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| WO2022267261A1 (en) | 2022-12-29 |
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