CN113354405A - 一种六角晶系旋磁材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种六角晶系旋磁材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN113354405A
CN113354405A CN202110703755.8A CN202110703755A CN113354405A CN 113354405 A CN113354405 A CN 113354405A CN 202110703755 A CN202110703755 A CN 202110703755A CN 113354405 A CN113354405 A CN 113354405A
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temperature
sintering process
stroke
sintering
hexagonal
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卢杨成
卢汉妞
雷青松
杨辉
华燕飞
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Zhejiang Kaiven Magnet Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于旋磁材料技术领域,具体涉及一种六角晶系旋磁材料及其制备方法和应用。本发明提供了一种六角晶系旋磁材料,分子式为:CaxSr(1‑x)CoyGezAlmFe(12‑y‑z‑m)O19;式中的x、y、z、m满足以下条件:0.1≤x≤0.2;0.15≤y≤0.3;0.2≤z≤0.4;2.0≤m≤3.0;且4.9≤[(12‑y‑z‑m)/2]/(1‑x)≤6。本发明提供的六角晶系旋磁材料具有高的饱和磁化强度、高的磁晶各向异性内场和低的损耗,从而保证功率频率的稳定性;同时本发明提供的六角晶系旋磁材料可以在不加外磁场的情况下产生旋磁效应,从而减少环形器、隔离器的体积、缩小重量。

Description

一种六角晶系旋磁材料及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于旋磁材料技术领域,具体涉及一种六角晶系旋磁材料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
磁性材料的旋磁性是指在互相垂直的稳恒磁场和电磁波磁场的作用下,平面偏振的电磁波在材料内部虽然按一定的方向传播,但其偏振面会不断地绕传播方向旋转的现象。旋磁材料大多应用于环形器或隔离器。铁氧体是一种工作在微波频段100MHz~300GHz的旋磁介质材料,按照晶体结构分,铁氧体主要有石榴石型、尖晶石型和磁铅石型(六角晶系)三大类。
现有的石榴石型和尖晶石型铁氧体在环形器或隔离器中应用时需要两片磁体提供恒定直流磁场,且需要在两片磁体的作用下才能产生旋磁效应;从而使环形器或隔离器的体积较大,限制其应用。虽然现有的磁铅石型铁氧体在环形器或隔离器中应用时不需要两片磁体提供磁场,但是现有的磁铅石型铁氧体的损耗较高,大大减少了环形器或隔离器的使用范围。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供了一种六角晶系旋磁材料及其制备方法和应用。本发明提供的六角晶系旋磁材料具有较低的损耗率,能够延长环形器或隔离器的使用寿命。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种六角晶系旋磁材料,分子式为:
CaxSr(1-x)CoyGezAlmFe(12-y-z-m)O19
式中的x、y、z、m满足以下条件:
0.1≤x≤0.2;
0.15≤y≤0.3;
0.2≤z≤0.4;
2.0≤m≤3.0;
且4.9≤[(12-y-z-m)/2]/(1-x)≤6。
优选的,所述六角晶系旋磁材料的密度为4.9~5.2g/cm3
本发明还提供了上述技术方案所述六角晶系旋磁材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将钙源、锶源、钴源、锗源、铝源和三氧化二铁按照元素配比混合后进行预烧结,得到预烧料;
将所述预烧料依次进行粉碎、磁场取向定型和烧结,得到所述六角晶系旋磁材料。
优选的,所述钙源为碳酸钙;
所述锶源包括碳酸锶或氧化锶;
所述钴源包括钴的氧化物;
所述锗源包括锗的氧化物;
所述铝源包括铝的氧化物。
优选的,所述预烧结包括:依次进行低温预烧结行程、高温预烧结行程、保温行程和降温行程;
所述低温预烧结行程的起点温度为室温,终点温度为1170~1190℃,由起点到终点的升温速率为21~23℃/m;经过所述低温预烧结行程的时间为8~9h;
所述高温预烧结行程的起点温度为低温预烧结行程终点的温度,所述高温预烧结行程的终点温度为1230~1250℃,由起点到终点的升温速率为21~23℃/m;经过所述高温预烧结行程的时间为2~4h;
所述保温行程的起点温度为高温预烧结行程的终点温度,所述保温行程的终点温度为1255~1265℃,由起点到终点的升温速率为21~23℃/m;经过所述保温行程的时间为1~3h;
所述降温行程的起点温度为保温行程的终点温度,所述降温行程的终点温度为45~70℃。
优选的,所述低温预烧结行程在空气气氛中进行;
所述高温预烧结行程和保温行程在有氧气氛中进行,所述有氧气氛的含氧量≥29%。
优选的,所述粉碎后产物的平均粒径为0.8~1μm。
优选的,所述磁场取向定型在取向磁场中进行,所述取向磁场的强度为1200kA/m以上。
优选的,所述烧结包括:依次进行低温烧结行程、高温烧结行程、保温行程和降温行程;
所述低温烧结行程的起点温度为室温,终点温度为1120~1140℃;由起点到终点的升温速率为1.3~1.7℃/min,经过所述低温烧结行程的时间为11~13h;
所述高温烧结行程的起点温度为低温烧结行程终点的温度,终点温度为1210~1230℃;由起点到终点的升温速率为0.75~1.2℃/m,经过所述高温烧结行程的时间为1~3h;
所述保温行程的温度为高温烧结行程的终点温度,经过所述保温行程的时间为1~3h;
所述降温行程的起点温度优为保温行程的终点温度,所述降温行程的终点温度为25~40℃,当温度在140℃以上时,降温行程中的降温速率为1.5~3℃/min,时间为8~9h;当温度低于140℃时为自然降温,所述自然降温的时间为1~2h;
所述低温烧结行程在空气气氛中进行,所述高温烧结行程和保温行程在有氧气氛中进行,所述有氧气氛的含氧量≥27%。
本发明还提供了上述技术方案所述六角晶系旋磁材料或上述技术方案所述制备方法制备得到的六角晶系旋磁材料在环形器、隔离器或移相器中的应用。
本发明提供了一种六角晶系旋磁材料,分子式为:CaxSr(1-x)CoyGezAlmFe(12-y-z-m)O19;式中的x、y、z、m满足以下条件:0.1≤x≤0.2;0.15≤y≤0.3;0.2≤z≤0.4;2.0≤m≤3.0;且4.9≤[(12-y-z-m)/2]/(1-x)≤6。本发明提供的六角晶系旋磁材料具有低的损耗,从而保证功率频率的稳定性,延长六角晶系旋磁材料的使用寿命;还具有高的饱和磁化强度和高的磁晶各向异性内场,同时本发明提供的六角晶系旋磁材料可以在不加外磁场的情况下产生旋磁效应,从而减少环形器、隔离器的体积、缩小重量。
本发明还提供了上述技术方案所述六角晶系旋磁材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将钙源、锶源、钴源、锗源、铝源和三氧化二铁按照元素配比混合后进行预烧结,得到预烧料;将所述预烧料依次进行粉碎、磁场取向定型和烧结,得到所述六角晶系旋磁材料。本发明在所述预烧结中进行初步固相反应,同时减小使物料粒度利于后续成型的进行,同时利于提高六角晶系旋磁材料具有较高的饱和磁化强度。本发明通过在磁场中进行取向定型,提高了六角晶系旋磁材料的取向性,进而提高了六角晶系旋磁材料的磁晶各向异性内场。本发明通过烧结能够排除六角晶系旋磁材料中的气孔,从而提高六角晶系旋磁材料的密度,进而降低ΔH。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种六角晶系旋磁材料,分子式为:
CaxSr(1-x)CoyGezAlmFe(12-y-z-m)O19
式中的x、y、z、m满足以下条件:
0.1≤x≤0.2;
0.15≤y≤0.3;
0.2≤z≤0.4;
2.0≤m≤3.0;
且4.9≤[(12-y-z-m)/2]/(1-x)≤6。
在本发明中,CaxSr(1-x)CoyGezAlmFe(12-y-z-m)O19分子式中的x、y、z、m优选满足以下条件:
0.15≤x≤0.18;
0.25≤y≤0.28;
0.3≤z≤0.35;
2.5≤m≤2.8;
且4.9≤[(12-y-z-m)/2]/(1-x)≤6。
在本发明中,所述六角晶系旋磁材料的密度优选为4.9~5.2g/cm3,更优选为5.0~5.2g/cm3
本发明还提供了上述技术方案所述六角晶系旋磁材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将钙源、锶源、钴源、锗源、铝源和三氧化二铁按照元素配比混合后进行预烧结,得到预烧料;
将所述预烧料依次进行粉碎、磁场取向定型和烧结,得到所述六角晶系旋磁材料。
本发明将钙源、锶源、钴源、锗源、铝源和三氧化二铁按照元素配比混合后进行预烧结,得到预烧料。在本发明中,所述钙源优选为碳酸钙。以摩尔份数计,所述钙源的用量优选为0.1~0.2份,更优选为0.15~0.18份。在本发明中,所述钙源的纯度优选≥98%,更优选为99~99.8%。在本发明中,所述碳酸钙会在预烧结过程中分解为氧化钙。所述碳酸钙分解后除少量Ca2+进入六角晶结构外,多数Ca2+起助溶剂作用,即在烧结过程中产生低熔点产物,可降低反应温度,促进固相反应,从而提高饱和磁化强度。
在本发明中,所述锶源优选包括碳酸锶或氧化锶。以钙源的摩尔份数为基准,所述锶源的用量优选为0.8~0.9份,更优选为0.85~0.87份。在本发明中,所述锶源的纯度优选≥98%,更优选为99~99.5%。在本发明中,所述锶源能够稳定六角晶系旋磁材料中的六角晶相结构。
在本发明中,所述钴源优选包括钴的氧化物,所述钴的氧化物优选为三氧化二钴。以钙源的摩尔份数为基准,当所述钴源为三氧化二钴时,所述三氧化二钴的摩尔份数优选为0.075~0.15份,更优选为0.1~0.125份。在本发明中,所述钴源的纯度优选≥98%,更优选为99~99.5%。在本发明中,所述钴源能够调节六角晶系旋磁材料中磁晶各向异性内场的大小以及调节磁晶各向异性内场的温度系数,从而提高材料表面磁场均匀性以及减小磁场在高温或低温下的变化率。
在本发明中,所述锗源优选包括锗的氧化物,所述锗的氧化物优选为二氧化锗。以钙源的摩尔份数为基准,所述锗源的用量优选为0.1~0.4份,更优选为0.2~0.35份。在本发明中,所述锗源的纯度优选≥99%,更优选为99.3~99.8%。在本发明中,所述锗源能够提高六角晶系旋磁材料的饱和磁化强度,降低六角晶系旋磁材料的共振线宽。
在本发明中,所述铝源优选包括铝的氧化物,所述铝的氧化物优选为三氧化二铝。以钙源的摩尔份数为基准,所述铝源的用量优选为1~1.5份,更优选为1.25~1.4份。在本发明中,所述铝源的纯度优选≥98%,更优选为99~99.5%。在本发明中,所述铝源能够提高六角晶系旋磁材料的磁晶各向异性内场。
在本发明中,所述三氧化二铁的纯度优选≥99%,更优选为99.3~99.5%。以钙源的摩尔份数为基准,所述三氧化二铁的用量优选为4.15~4.75份,更优选为4.45~4.6份。在本发明中,所述三氧化二铁能够生成六角晶相结构,产生磁距,保证六角晶系旋磁材料的磁性能。
本发明对所述混合的方式无特殊限定,只要能够混合均匀即可。在本发明的实施例中,所述混合优选在球磨机中进行湿法混合;所述球磨机优选为行星式球磨机。在本发明中,所述湿法混合用溶剂优选为水;所述水和混合物料的质量比为3:1;所述湿法混合的料球比为1:8;所述湿法混合的时间为3h,转速为120r/min。所述湿法混合后还优选包括:将湿法混合的产物进行过滤,将过滤得到的滤渣进行干燥,将干燥的粉料成型。本发明对所述过滤无特殊限定,采用本领域常规的方式即可。在本发明中,所述滤渣的含水量为15%;所述干燥的温度为100℃,时间为5h;干燥后物料的含水量在0.5%以下。在本发明中,所述成型后的形状优选为蜂窝状的饼。本发明对所述成型的方式无特殊要求,只要能够成型即可。本发明在球磨机中进行混合能够提高混合效率同时能够使原料混合均匀。
在本发明中,所述预烧结优选包括:依次进行低温预烧结行程、高温预烧结行程、保温行程和降温行程。在本发明中,所述低温预烧结行程的起点温度优选为室温,所述室温优选为20~40℃,更优选为25~30℃。在本发明中,所述低温预烧结行程的终点温度优选为1170~1190℃,更优选为1180℃。由起点到终点的升温速率优选为2.1~2.4℃/min,更优选为2.15℃/min。在本发明中,经过所述低温预烧结行程的时间优选为8~9h。
在本发明中,所述高温预烧结行程的起点温度优选为低温预烧结行程终点的温度,所述高温预烧结行程的终点温度优选为1230~1250℃,更优选为1240℃。由起点到终点的升温速率优选为0.75~1.2℃/min,更优选为1℃/min;经过所述高温预烧结行程的时间优选为1~3h。
在本发明中,所述保温行程的温度优选为高温预烧结行程的终点温度。经过所述保温行程的时间优选为1~3h,更优选为2h。
在本发明中,所述降温行程的起点温度优选为保温行程的终点温度,所述降温行程的终点温度优选为45~70℃,更优选为50℃。在本发明中,当温度在350℃以上时,降温行程中的降温速率优选为3.5~4℃/min,更优选为3.7~3.9℃/min;时间优选为2~4h;当温度低于350℃时优选为自然降温,所述自然降温的时间优选为1~2h。在本发明中,所述自然降温优选为在室温下静置降温。
在本发明中,所述预烧结优选在辊道窑炉中进行,预烧结物料在辊道上分别匀速经过低温预烧结行程、高温预烧结行程、保温行程和降温行程。本发明对经过低温预烧结行程、高温预烧结行程、保温行程和降温行程的速率无特殊要求,只要能够满足经过低温预烧结行程、高温预烧结行程和保温行程的时间即可。
在本发明中,所述低温预烧结行程优选在空气气氛中进行,所述高温预烧结行程和保温行程优选在有氧气氛中进行,所述有氧气氛的含氧量优选≥29%,更优选为30~32%。
在本发明,混合物料在预烧结过程中发生初步固相反应,使生物粒度分布变窄,有利于成型的进行,同时利于提高六角晶系旋磁材料的饱和强化强度。
得到预烧料后,本发明将所述预烧料依次进行粉碎、磁场取向定型和烧结,得到所述六角晶系旋磁材料。在本发明中,所述粉碎优选包括以下步骤:
将预烧料进行破碎,得到粗料;
将所述粗料进行干法球磨,得到粉料;
将所述粉料进行湿法球磨,得到细粉料。
本发明将预烧料进行破碎,得到粗料。在本发明中,所述破碎前还优选包括:将所述预烧料进行冷却。在本发明中,所述冷却后温度优选为30~60℃,更优选为30~40℃。在本发明中,所述粗料的平均粒径优选为2mm以下,更优选为1~2mm。本发明对所述破碎的设备无特殊要求,只要能够达到所述粒径范围即可。在本发明的实施例中,所述破碎装置为颚式破碎机。
得到粗料后,本发明将所述粗料进行干法球磨,得到粉料。在本发明中,所述粉料的粒径优选为5μm以下,更优选为2.5~3.5μm。在本发明中,所述干法球磨的球料比优选为6~8:1,更优选为7.5~8:1;转速优选为80~110r/min,更优选为90~100r/min;时间优选为7~10h,更优选为8~9h。在本发明中,所述干法球磨用球优选为锆珠,所述锆珠的直径优选为20~30mm。
得到粉料后,本发明将所述粉料进行湿法球磨,得到细粉料。在本发明中,所述细粉料的粒径优选为0.8~1μm,更优选为0.85~0.93。在本发明中,所述湿法研磨用溶剂优选为水,所述粉料和水的质量比优选为1:1.2~1.4,更优选为1:1.25~1.3。在本发明中,所述湿法球磨的球料比优选为8~10:1,更优选为8.5~9:1;转速优选为100~150r/min,更优选为120~130r/min;时间优选为11~15h,更优选为13~14h。
本发明通过破碎、干法研磨和湿法研磨能够获得粒度均匀的细粉料。
本发明经过磁场取向定型得到生坯。在本发明中,所述生坯的密度优选为3.2~3.4g/cm3,更优选为3.25~3.3g/cm3。在本发明中,所述磁场取向定型优选在取向磁场中进行,所述取向磁场的强度优选为1200kA/m以上,更优选为1200~1350kA/m。在本发明中,所述定型优选为将粉料后物料置于模具中进行压制。本发明对所述模具的形状和尺寸无特殊要求,根据需要设定即可。在本发明中,所述压制优选采用100T自动液压机。本发明对所述压制的压力无特殊限定,只要能够使生坯达到所需的密度即可。
本发明通过在定型过程中施加磁场,能够使多晶材料(生坯)中各个单晶体取向排列起来,提高了生坯的各向异性,从而提高六角晶系旋磁的取向性,进而提高六角晶系旋材料的磁性能。
在本发明中,所述烧结优选包括:依次进行低温烧结行程、高温烧结行程、保温行程和降温行程。在本发明中,所述低温烧结行程的起点温度优选为室温,所述室温优选为20~40℃,更优选为25~30℃。在本发明中,所述低温烧结行程的终点温度优选为1120~1140℃,更优选为1130℃。由起点到终点的升温速率优选为1.3~1.7℃/min,更优选为1.5℃/m。在本发明中,经过所述低温烧结行程的时间优选为11~13h。
在本发明中,所述高温烧结行程的起点温度优选为低温烧结行程终点的温度,所述高温烧结行程的终点温度优选为1210~1230℃,更优选为1220℃。由起点到终点的升温速率优选为0.75~1.2℃/m,更优选为1℃/m;经过所述高温烧结行程的时间优选为1~3h。
在本发明中,所述保温行程的温度优选为高温烧结行程的终点温度。经过所述保温行程的时间优选为1~3h。
在本发明中,所述降温行程的起点温度优选为保温行程的终点温度,所述降温行程的终点温度优选为25~40℃,更优选为30℃。在本发明中,当温度在140℃以上时,降温行程中的降温速率优选为1.5~3℃/min,更优选为1.9~2℃/min;时间优选为8~9h;当温度低于140℃时优选为自然降温,所述自然降温的时间优选为1~2h。在本发明中,所述自然降温优选为在室温下静置降温。
在本发明中,所述烧结优选在50m辊道窑炉中进行,成型生坯在辊道上分别匀速经过低温烧结行程、高温烧结行程、保温行程和降温行程。本发明对经过低温烧结行程、高温烧结行程、保温行程和降温行程的速率无特殊要求,只要能够满足经过低温烧结行程、高温烧结行程和保温行程的时间即可。
在本发明中,所述低温烧结行程优选在空气气氛中进行,所述高温烧结行程和保温行程优选在有氧气氛中进行,所述有氧气氛的含氧量优选≥27%,更优选为28~30%。
在本发明中,钙源中的部分钙离子进入六角晶相结构中,剩余部分钙离子其助溶剂的作用,利于在烧结过程中产生低熔点产物,促进固相反应的进行。本发明在钙源的作用下能够使烧结温度较常规的烧结温度下降25~45℃,大量节省能源。同时本发明在钙源的作用下能够保证六角晶相的晶粒生长完整,从而获得稳定的六角晶相结构,进而提高六角晶系旋磁材料的机械性能和旋磁性能。
在本发明中,所述烧结能够使六角晶相的晶体连续生长,排除产物中气孔,从而提高角晶系旋磁材料的密度进而降低六角晶系旋磁材料的共振线宽。
在本发明中,所述烧结后还优选包括:将烧结后产物冷却至室温后进行磨削。在本发明中,所述室温优选为20~30℃;本发明对所述冷却的方式无特殊限定,只要能够达到所述温度即可。本发明对所述磨削后产品的尺寸无特殊限定,按照实际需要设定即可。本发明对所述磨削优选采用精密磨床和金刚石砂轮。
本发明还提供了上述技术方案所述六角晶系旋磁材料或上述技术方案所述制备方法制备得到的六角晶系旋磁材料在环形器、隔离器或移相器中的应用。在本发明中,所述应用优选为将所述六角晶系旋磁材料直接用于环形器、隔离器或移相器中,不用额外添加磁场。
为了进一步说明本发明,下面结合实施例对本发明提供的技术方案进行详细地描述,但不能将它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1
将纯度为97%的Fe2O3、纯度为98%的SrCO3、纯度为98%的CaCO3、纯度为98%的Co2O3、纯度为98%的GeO2和纯度为98%的Al2O3按照摩尔比为4.45:0.85:0.15:0.125:0.35:1.25配料,得到总质量为1000kg的原料,将得到的原料和3000kg水在行星式球磨机中按照120r/min的转速,8:1的球料比湿法混合3h;将混合得到的产物进行过滤,得到含水率为15%的滤渣;将滤渣在100℃干燥5h,得到含水率为0.5%以下的干燥粉料;将所述干燥粉料压制成蜂窝状的饼后置于长度为32m的辊道窑中,按照2m/h的速度匀速通过温度为20~1180℃的低温预烧结行程(长度为18m,升温速率为2.15℃/min),按照2m/h的速度匀速通过温度为1180~1240℃的高温预烧结行程(长度为2m,升温速率为1℃/min),按照2m/h的速度匀速通过温度为1240℃的保温行程(长度为4m),按照2m/h的速度匀速通过温度为1240~350℃的降温行程(长度为8m,降温速率3.7℃/min),随后出炉自然降温至50℃,得到预烧料;低温预烧结行程的气氛为空气,高温预烧结行程和保温行程的气氛为氧含量为29%的含氧气氛;
将所述预烧料降温至30℃后经锷式破碎机破碎得到平均粒径为2mm的粗料;将所述粗料进行干法球磨(球料比为8:1,转速为100r/min,锆珠直径为25mm)8h,得到平均粒径为5μm的粉料;将所述粉料按照水料比为1.3:1,球料比为9:1在转速为120r/min的条件下湿法球磨14h,得到平均粒径为0.8μm的细粉料;
将所述细粉料置于圆形模具(Φ30mm)中利用100T自动液压成型机上在磁场强度为1200kA/m的取向磁场中进行压制,得到密度为3.3g/cm3的生坯;
将所述生坯置于长度为50m的辊道窑中,按照2m/h的速度匀速通过温度为20~1130℃的低温烧结行程(长度为25m,升温速率为1.48℃/min),按照2m/h的速度匀速通过温度为1130~1220℃的高温烧结行程(长度为3m,升温速率为1℃/min),按照2m/h的速度匀速通过温度为1220℃的保温行程(长度为4m),按照2m/h的速度匀速通过温度为1220~140℃的降温行程(长度为18m,降温速率2℃/min),随后出炉自然降温至30℃,得到所述六角晶系旋磁材料;低温烧结行程的气氛为空气,高温烧结行程和保温行程的气氛为氧含量为29%的含氧气氛;
将所述六角晶系旋磁材料利用密磨床和金刚石砂轮进行磨削,得到电子器件入库备用。
实施例2~6
按照实施例1的方法制备六角晶系旋磁材料,不同之处在于,所用原料的摩尔配比按照表1进行配料。
表1实施例1~6原料的摩尔配比
Figure BDA0003130952290000111
采用振动样品磁强计对实施例1~6制备得到的六角晶系旋磁材料进行饱和磁化强(Ms)度检测;采用振动样品磁强计对实施例1~6制备得到的六角晶系旋磁材料进行磁晶各向异性内场(Ha)检测;采用高频Q表对对实施例1~6制备得到的六角晶系旋磁材料进行介电损耗(tanδε)测试;采用由矢量网络分析仪、高斯计、电磁铁、矩形谐振腔等组成得铁磁共振线宽测试系统对实施例1~6制备得到的六角晶系旋磁材料进行共振线宽(△H)测试,采用排水法对实施例1~6制备得到的六角晶系旋磁材料进行密度测试,其结果列于表2中。
表2实施例1~6制备得到的六角晶系旋磁材料的特征参数
实施例 Ms(KA/m) Ha(KA/m) tanδε △H(KA/m) 密度(g/cm<sup>3</sup>)
实施例1 278 1603 2×10<sup>-3</sup> 30.1 5.03
实施例2 246 1600 2.6×10<sup>-3</sup> 35.4 4.87
实施例3 265 1603 2.3×10<sup>-3</sup> 32.2 4.98
实施例4 279 1602 1.9×10<sup>-3</sup> 28.9 5.11
实施例5 290 1476 2×10<sup>-3</sup> 30.3 4.98
实施例6 254 1672 2.1×10<sup>-3</sup> 30.2 5.07
由表2的结果可知,本发明提供的六角晶系旋磁铁材料具有较高的磁晶各向异性内场和较低的介电损耗。本发明提供的六角晶系旋磁铁材料具有较高的共振线宽,说明六角晶系旋磁铁材料具有优异的旋磁性。
将实施例1制备得到的六角晶系旋磁材料通过切割、造球,得到8个直径为3mm的小球,检测8个小球的饱和磁化强度Ms值为277~279KA/m,说明本发明提供的六角晶系旋磁材料的饱和磁化强度具有较好的均匀性。
本发明提供的六角晶系旋磁铁材料具有较高的Ha说明能够提供一个永磁场;同时本发明提供的六角晶系旋磁铁材料具有较低的介电损耗tanδε与铁磁共振线宽ΔH说明本发明提供的六角晶系旋磁铁材料具有非互异性特点,将本发明提供的六角晶系旋磁材料用于环形器、隔离器中无需额外添加永磁体的结构,可减小这些器件的尺寸,提高器件的使用范围,同时可以减少器件的生产成本。
尽管上述实施例对本发明做出了详尽的描述,但它仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例,人们还可以根据本实施例在不经创造性前提下获得其他实施例,这些实施例都属于本发明保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种六角晶系旋磁材料,分子式为:
CaxSr(1-x)CoyGezAlmFe(12-y-z-m)O19
式中的x、y、z、m满足以下条件:
0.1≤x≤0.2;
0.15≤y≤0.3;
0.2≤z≤0.4;
2.0≤m≤3.0;
且4.9≤[(12-y-z-m)/2]/(1-x)≤6。
2.根据权利要求1所述六角晶系旋磁材料,其特征在于,所述六角晶系旋磁材料的密度为4.9~5.2g/cm3
3.权利要求1或2所述六角晶系旋磁材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将钙源、锶源、钴源、锗源、铝源和三氧化二铁按照元素配比混合后进行预烧结,得到预烧料;
将所述预烧料依次进行粉碎、磁场取向定型和烧结,得到所述六角晶系旋磁材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述制备方法,其特征在于,所述钙源为碳酸钙;
所述锶源包括碳酸锶或氧化锶;
所述钴源包括钴的氧化物;
所述锗源包括锗的氧化物;
所述铝源包括铝的氧化物。
5.根据权利要求3所述制备方法,其特征在于,所述预烧结包括:依次进行低温预烧结行程、高温预烧结行程、保温行程和降温行程;
所述低温预烧结行程的起点温度为室温,终点温度为1170~1190℃,由起点到终点的升温速率为21~23℃/m;经过所述低温预烧结行程的时间为8~9h;
所述高温预烧结行程的起点温度为低温预烧结行程终点的温度,所述高温预烧结行程的终点温度为1230~1250℃,由起点到终点的升温速率为21~23℃/m;经过所述高温预烧结行程的时间为2~4h;
所述保温行程的起点温度为高温预烧结行程的终点温度,所述保温行程的终点温度为1255~1265℃,由起点到终点的升温速率为21~23℃/m;经过所述保温行程的时间为1~3h;
所述降温行程的起点温度为保温行程的终点温度,所述降温行程的终点温度为45~70℃。
6.根据权利要求3或5所述制备方法,其特征在于,所述低温预烧结行程在空气气氛中进行;
所述高温预烧结行程和保温行程在有氧气氛中进行,所述有氧气氛的含氧量≥29%。
7.根据权利要求3所述制备方法,其特征在于,所述粉碎后产物的平均粒径为0.8~1μm。
8.根据权利要求3所述制备方法,其特征在于,所述磁场取向定型在取向磁场中进行,所述取向磁场的强度为1200kA/m以上。
9.根据权利要求3所述制备方法,其特征在于,所述烧结包括:依次进行低温烧结行程、高温烧结行程、保温行程和降温行程;
所述低温烧结行程的起点温度为室温,终点温度为1120~1140℃;由起点到终点的升温速率为1.3~1.7℃/min,经过所述低温烧结行程的时间为11~13h;
所述高温烧结行程的起点温度为低温烧结行程终点的温度,终点温度为1210~1230℃;由起点到终点的升温速率为0.75~1.2℃/m,经过所述高温烧结行程的时间为1~3h;
所述保温行程的温度为高温烧结行程的终点温度,经过所述保温行程的时间为1~3h;
所述降温行程的起点温度为保温行程的终点温度,所述降温行程的终点温度为25~40℃,当温度在140℃以上时,降温行程中的降温速率为1.5~3℃/min,时间为8~9h;当温度低于140℃时为自然降温,所述自然降温的时间为1~2h;
所述低温烧结行程在空气气氛中进行,所述高温烧结行程和保温行程在有氧气氛中进行,所述有氧气氛的含氧量≥27%。
10.权利要求1或2所述六角晶系旋磁材料或权利要求3~9任一项所述制备方法制备得到的六角晶系旋磁材料在环形器、隔离器或移相器中的应用。
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Application publication date: 20210907

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