CN113334886A - 低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜及其制造方法 - Google Patents
低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113334886A CN113334886A CN202010534331.9A CN202010534331A CN113334886A CN 113334886 A CN113334886 A CN 113334886A CN 202010534331 A CN202010534331 A CN 202010534331A CN 113334886 A CN113334886 A CN 113334886A
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- Prior art keywords
- acrylate
- meth
- polyester film
- easy
- modified polyester
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
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- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 80
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- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
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- 125000005745 ethoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
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- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
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Abstract
本发明公开一种低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜及其制造方法,其中改性聚酯膜包括一基底层以及至少一形成于基底层上的表皮层,基底层与表皮层各为一聚酯组合物所形成。聚酯组合物包含1至60重量百分比的掺混树脂、0.02至2重量百分比的抗氧化成分、0.003至2重量百分比的成核剂以及0.003至2重量百分比的加工流动助剂,其中掺混树脂包含90至99.99重量份的聚酯树脂以及0.01至10重量份的压克力树脂,且聚酯树脂的固有黏度介于0.62分升/克至1.0分升/克之间,压克力树脂的重量平均分子量介于10,000至80,000之间。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种聚酯膜,特别是涉及一种低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜及其制造方法。
背景技术
聚酯(如聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚2,6-萘二甲酸乙二酯等)在成型性、机械特性、热特性、电气特性及耐化学药品性等方面都有不错的表现,可作不同用途,例如光学膜、电气绝缘膜、阻隔膜、离型膜、保护膜、农用地膜、包装材料及隔热膜。
然而,当聚酯膜作为装置的一部分使用于高温环境下,或于高温环境下进行加工时,除了容易发生白化碎裂,以及发生明显的热收缩导致膜的尺寸不安定,甚至还会有大量寡聚物(oligomer)析出于膜的表面,这些情况都会造成聚酯膜在应用上受到限制。
另外,半导体元件随着尺寸趋向微小化以及结构趋向复杂化,其工艺技术发展到了5纳米,主动元件芯片所需的后段封装材料面临到很大的挑战。目前高阶封装材料几乎都被欧美日大厂垄断,以致封装材料取得价格相当的高昂,而压缩到获利空间,交货期也相当的长;在竞争日益激烈的封装产业中,封装材料的本地化刻不容缓。在早期,传统的硅芯片经过打线接合或覆晶接合之后,会采用封装胶体进行包覆,封装胶体的材料是由环氧树脂、陶瓷粉、炭黑等组成的复合材料,其填充在黄金线、铜线或导线架之间,以提供绝缘效果。如今覆晶技术已导入3D立体的结构,封装材料所需的特性必须和高阶机台以及尺寸安定良好的封胶做搭配;此外,为因应3D封胶作业的要求,包括实现高速化和高稳定性,通常会先将封胶施加于作为承载膜聚酯膜上,再进行半导体3D封装。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,针对现有技术的不足提供一种低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜,其能满足半导体3D封装的需求,包括高封装速度和高稳定性;并且,提供一种低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法。
为了解决上述的技术问题,本发明所采用的其中一技术方案是,提供一种低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜,其包括一基底层以及至少一形成于所述基底层上的表皮层,所述基底层与至少一所述表皮层各为一聚酯组合物所形成。所述聚酯组合物包含1至60重量百分比的掺混树脂、0.02至2重量百分比的抗氧化成分、0.003至2重量百分比的成核剂以及0.003至2重量百分比的加工流动助剂,其中掺混树脂包含90至99.99重量份的聚酯树脂以及0.01至10重量份的压克力树脂,且聚酯树脂的固有黏度介于0.62分升/克至1.0分升/克之间,压克力树脂的重量平均分子量介于10,000至80,000之间。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述聚酯树脂选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯以及聚萘二甲酸乙二醇脂中的至少一种,所述压克力树脂由以下单体中的至少一种聚合而成:(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸戊酯、(甲基)丙烯酸己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸庚酯、(甲基)丙烯酸辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸壬酯、(甲基)丙烯酸癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸月桂酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十八酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲氧基乙酯、正丁基-丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯以及(甲基)丙烯酸乙氧基甲酯。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述压克力树脂的熔融指数为1至40克/10分钟,其是根据ISO 1133标准并在230℃及3.8公斤的负荷下所测得。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述抗氧化成分包括0.01至1重量百分比的一级抗氧化剂以及0.01至1重量百分比的二级抗氧化剂。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的总厚度为25微米至200微米,且至少一所述表皮层的厚度占所述低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜总厚度的2%至30%;其中,所述低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜经200℃加热3小时后的纵向与横向收缩率均小于1%。
为了解决上述的技术问题,本发明所采用的另外再一技术方案是,提供一种低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法,其包括:将至少一聚酯组合物形成一未拉伸的聚酯膜,所述聚酯组合物包含1至60重量百分比的掺混树脂、0.02至2重量百分比的抗氧化成分、0.003至2重量百分比的成核剂以及0.003至2重量百分比的加工流动助剂,其中掺混树脂包含90至99.99重量份的聚酯树脂以及0.01至10重量份的压克力树脂,且聚酯树脂的固有黏度介于0.62分升/克至1.0分升/克之间,压克力树脂的重量平均分子量介于10,000至80,000之间;对所述未拉伸的聚酯膜进行纵向拉伸加工与横向拉伸加工,以形成一双轴拉伸的聚酯膜,所述双轴拉伸的聚酯膜包括一基底层以及至少一形成于所述基底层上的表皮层,其中所述纵向拉伸加工的拉伸倍率为2倍至5倍,所述横向拉伸加工的拉伸倍率为2倍至5倍。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述纵向拉伸加工与所述横向拉伸加工是先后进行的,所述纵向拉伸加工的温度条件为70℃至145℃,且所述横向拉伸加工的温度条件为90℃至160℃。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述纵向拉伸加工与所述横向拉伸加工是在70℃至145℃的温度条件下同步进行的。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法还包括:对所述双轴拉伸的聚酯膜进行横向及/或纵向的热收缩。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法还包括:在形成所述未拉伸的聚酯膜之前,在120℃至180℃的温度条件下对至少一所述聚酯组合物进行结晶干燥处理。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述结晶干燥处理的时间为3至8小时。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述聚酯树脂选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯以及聚萘二甲酸乙二醇脂中的至少一种,所述压克力树脂由以下单体中的至少一种聚合而成:(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸戊酯、(甲基)丙烯酸己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸庚酯、(甲基)丙烯酸辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸壬酯、(甲基)丙烯酸癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸月桂酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十八酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲氧基乙酯、正丁基-丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯以及(甲基)丙烯酸乙氧基甲酯。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述压克力树脂的熔融指数为1至40克/10分钟,其是根据ISO 1133标准并在230℃及3.8公斤的负荷下所测得。
在本发明的一实施例中,,所述抗氧化成分包括0.01至1重量百分比的一级抗氧化剂以及0.01至1重量百分比的二级抗氧化剂。
本发明的其中一有益效果在于,本发明的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜,其能通过“基底层与表皮层各为一聚酯组合物所形成,聚酯组合物包含特定用量的掺混树脂、抗氧化剂、成核剂及加工流动助剂,其中掺混树脂为聚酯树脂与压克力树脂按特定重量比例混合而成,且聚酯树脂的固有黏度介于0.62分升/克至1.0分升/克之间,压克力树脂的重量平均分子量介于10,000至80,000之间”的技术方案,以具有适当的玻璃转移温度,以及优异的拉伸性、挺性和刚性,且还能抑制聚酯寡聚物析出。
为使能更进一步了解本发明的特征及技术内容,请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图,然而所提供的附图仅用于提供参考与说明,并非用来对本发明加以限制。
附图说明
图1为本发明的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法的流程图。
图2为本发明的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的其中一结构示意图。
图3为本发明的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的另外一结构示意图。
具体实施方式
聚酯膜的用途十分广泛,考虑机械、电气和热特性等方面,可作为电池(如汽车电池、燃料电池及锂电池)用阻隔膜、压合模具用脱模膜、耐高温离型膜及热压用膜。因此,本发明提供能改善聚酯膜的耐热性和尺寸安定性,且能抑制聚酯寡聚物析出的技术方案。
以下是通过特定的具体实施例来说明本发明所公开有关“低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜及其制造方法”的实施方式,本领域技术人员可由本说明书所公开的内容了解本发明的优点与效果。本发明可通过其他不同的具体实施例加以施行或应用,本说明书中的各项细节也可基于不同观点与应用,在不悖离本发明的构思下进行各种修改与变更。另外,本发明的附图仅为简单示意说明,并非依实际尺寸的描绘,事先声明。以下的实施方式将进一步详细说明本发明的相关技术内容,但所公开的内容并非用以限制本发明的保护范围。
应当可以理解的是,虽然本文中可能会使用到“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等术语来描述各种组件或者信号,但这些组件或者信号不应受这些术语的限制。这些术语主要是用以区分一组件与另一组件,或者一信号与另一信号。另外,本文中所使用的术语“或”,应视实际情况可能包括相关联的列出项目中的任一个或者多个的组合。
除非另外定义,否则本文中使用的所有技术及科学术语,都具有与本领域技术人员通常所理解含义相同的含义。当术语以单数形式出现时,涵盖此术语的复数形式。
除非另有指示,否则本文中提到的所有百分比都为重量百分比。当提供一系列上、下限范围时,涵盖所提到的范围的所有组合,如同明确列出各组合。
参阅图1所示,本发明实施例的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法,其包括:步骤S1,为计量混合步骤,将所需成分计量混合,得到至少一种聚酯组合物;步骤S2,为结晶干燥步骤,以120℃至180℃的温度对聚酯原料进行结晶干燥处理;步骤S3,为熔融挤出及冷却成型步骤,将聚酯原料熔融挤出后,流延冷却定型,得到未拉伸的聚酯膜;以及步骤S4,为拉伸加工步骤,对未拉伸的聚酯膜进行预热及拉伸后,再进行横向及/或纵向的热收缩。
聚酯组合物包含1至60重量百分比的掺混树脂、0.02至2重量百分比的抗氧化成分、0.003至2重量百分比的成核剂以及0.003至2重量百分比的加工流动助剂,其中掺混树脂包含90至99.99重量份的聚酯树脂以及0.01至10重量份的压克力树脂。值得一提的是,聚酯组合物的配方能直接产生提高聚酯膜的拉伸性和耐热性,以及防止聚酯寡聚物析出的技术效果。
进一步而言,聚酯树脂可为一种以上的二元酸或其衍生物与一种以上的二元醇或其衍生物所形成。二元酸或其衍生物的具体例包括:对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、1,5-萘二甲酸、2,6-萘二甲酸2,6-萘二甲酸、1,4-萘二甲酸、联苯甲酸、二苯基乙烷二羧酸、二苯基砜二羧酸、蒽-2,6-二羧酸、1,3-环戊烷二甲酸、1,3-环己烷二甲酸、1,4-环己烷二甲酸、丙二酸、二甲基丙二酸、丁二酸、3,3-丁二酸二乙酯、戊二酸、2,2-二甲基戊二酸、己二酸、2-甲基己二酸、三甲基己二酸、庚二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、辛二酸及十二烷二酸。二元醇或其衍生物的具体例包括:乙二醇、丙二醇、六亚甲二醇、新戊二醇、1,2-环己二甲醇、1,4-环己二甲醇、1,10-癸二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、2,2-双(4-羟苯基)丙烷及双(4-羟苯)砜。
在一些实施例中,聚酯树脂可选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PPT)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇脂(PEN)、聚萘二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBN)、聚对苯二甲酸环己烷二甲醇酯(PCT)、聚碳酸酯(PC)或聚芳酯;优选的聚酯树脂为PET、PBT或PEN。聚酯树脂的固有黏度(intrinsic viscosity,IV)可介于0.62分升/克至1.0分升/克之间,如此能减少树脂成型时受到的负荷(如环境负荷、外力负荷等),并且能减少剪切加工所产生的热量,而避免树脂发生热分解。
压克力树脂由以下单体中的至少一种聚合而成:(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸乙酯(EA)、(甲基)丙烯酸丙酯(PA)、丙烯酸正丁酯(BA)、(甲基)丙烯酸异丁酯(IBA)、(甲基)丙烯酸戊酯、(甲基)丙烯酸己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸庚酯、(甲基)丙烯酸辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己酯(2-HEA)、(甲基)丙烯酸正辛酯(OA)、(甲基)丙烯酸异辛酯(IOA)、(甲基)丙烯酸壬酯(NA)、(甲基)丙烯酸癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸月桂酯(LA)、(甲基)丙烯酸十八酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲氧基乙酯(MOEA)、正丁基-丙烯酸甲酯(n-BMA)、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯(2-EHA)及(甲基)丙烯酸乙氧基甲酯(EOMAA)。压克力树脂的作用主要在调整树脂结构、使硬化物具有适当的玻璃转移温度及提高聚酯膜的拉伸性、挺性和刚性。
压克力树脂的重量平均分子量(Mw)优选为10,000至80,000;若压克力树脂的重量平均分子量未落入上述范围内,则聚酯膜的物理性质会降低。此外,压克力树脂的熔融指数(MI)优选为1至40克/10分钟,其是根据ISO 1133标准并在230℃及3.8公斤的负荷下所测得;若压克力树脂的熔融指数低于1克/10分钟,则不利于聚酯膜的加工性;若压克力树脂的熔融指数超过40克/10分钟,则会降低聚酯膜的耐冲击强度。
值得一提的是,具有特定物理性质(如重量平均分子量和熔融指数)的压克力树脂,能在熔融后聚酯原料的混炼挤出过程中或成膜后的拉伸过程中,促进聚酯膜内部非结晶性结构的形成,而内部非结晶性结构有助于提升拉伸倍率;借此,聚酯膜能具有高度非结晶性,以及获得改善的耐化性、防水性和透明性。
抗氧化成分可包括0.01至1重量百分比的一级抗氧化剂及0.01至1重量百分比的二级抗氧化剂;一级抗氧化剂与二级抗氧化剂能很好地发挥协同作用,以提供更好的抗氧化效果。进一步而言,一级抗氧化剂能快速和过氧化自由基(peroxy radical,ROO·)发生反应,以终止自由基连锁反应;二级抗氧化剂能与氢过氧化物(ROOH)反应,将其转化为无自由基且无反应活性的产物。一级抗氧化剂可选自酚类化合物或胺类化合物,具体可举出商标名为Irganox 1010、Irganox 1425、Irganox 245、Anox 1315、Anox PP18、Anox 20、Lowinox1790、Lowinox TBM-68及Naugard 445的市售品;二级抗氧化剂可选自亚磷类化合物或硫酯类化合物,具体可举出商标名为Sandostab P-EPQ、Irgafos 168及Naugard 412S的市售品。
成核剂能提高总结晶度,使聚酯膜的耐热性获得改善;此外,成核剂能促进结晶成长,使结晶大小微细化,减少大球晶产生,且可避免膜面脆化;成核剂可为矿物材料、金属氧化物、硅化合物、有机酸或无机酸的金属盐、芳香族磷酸酯金属盐、多元醇衍生物、磺酰亚胺化合物、玻璃粉末、金属粉末或其任意组合。矿物材料的具体例包括:石墨、滑石及高岭土;金属氧化物的具体例包括:氧化锌、氧化铝及氧化镁;硅化合物的具体例包括:氧化硅、硅酸钙及硅酸镁;有机酸或无机酸的金属盐的具体例包括:碳酸镁、碳酸钙、碳酸钠、碳酸钾等碳酸金属盐、硫酸钡、硫酸钙、苯甲酸钠及对叔丁基苯甲酸铝;磷酸酯金属盐可举出芳香族磷酸酯金属盐;多元醇衍生物可举出二亚苄基山梨醇;考虑耐热性,优选的成核剂为无机材料。
加工流动助剂能有效降低熔融挤出聚酯原料时的机械扭力,减少聚合物分子链断链;加工流动助剂可为季戊四醇硬脂酸酯(PETS)或其类似物,其在高温下具有良好的热稳定性、低挥发性和好的脱模和流动性能,且对部分结晶的聚酯有很好的成核作用。
聚酯组合物可进一步包含0.02至0.5重量百分比的滑剂粒子,滑剂粒子不仅能提高聚酯膜的耐热性,还能阻碍寡聚物的流动性,进而防止寡聚物的析出于膜的表面;滑剂粒子的粒径可介于0.005微米至2微米之间,优选为1.5微米。
以下,将进一步说明本发明的制造方法各步骤的实施细节。
步骤S1为计量混合步骤,是将所需成分计量混合,得到至少一种聚酯组合物。进一步而言,可将聚酯组合物的组成成分,包括聚酯成分(如对苯二甲酸、乙二醇及催化剂)、抗氧化成分(如一级抗氧化剂及二级抗氧化剂)、成核剂及加工流动助剂,依特定比例并在适当的温度下熔融混炼,聚酯成分在混炼过程中会发生酯化反应,所形成的聚酯熔融体经过冷却和造粒,即得到多功能性聚酯粒。在一些实施例中,一级抗氧化剂、二级抗氧化剂、成核剂与加工流动助剂可分别与聚酯成分被制成单一功能性聚酯粒。
步骤S2为结晶干燥步骤,是以120℃至180℃的温度对聚酯原料(聚酯粒)进行结晶干燥处理,使聚酯原料的含水量低于30ppm;结晶干燥处理的时间可为3至8小时,但不限于此。
步骤S3为熔融挤出及冷却成型步骤,是将聚酯原料熔融挤出后,流延冷却定型,以得到未拉伸的聚酯膜。进一步而言,聚酯原料可通过单层挤出或多层共挤出的方式形成具有流动性的熔融物,此步骤可用双螺杆压出机实现,熔融物再于流延辊之间流延为膜状并冷却固化。然而,这些细节只是本实施例所提供可行的实施方式,而并非用以限定本发明。
根据实际需要,聚酯组合物可以聚酯浆料的形式被加工形成未拉伸的聚酯膜。进一步而言,可将聚酯粒的原料,包括聚酯成分(如对苯二甲酸、乙二醇及催化剂)、抗氧化成分(如一级抗氧化剂及二级抗氧化剂)、成核剂及加工流动助剂,加入醇溶剂(如乙二醇)中,经充分搅拌后静置一段时间,得到聚酯浆料;然后,将聚酯浆料涂布于一基材上,再于适当的温度下使浆料干燥固化而形成未拉伸的聚酯膜。值得一提的是,聚酯成分可以在搅拌静置过程中发生酯化反应,且一级抗氧化剂、二级抗氧化剂、成核剂与加工流动助剂可以在反应前或反应后被加入醇溶剂中;另外,聚酯成分也可以在固化过程中发生酯化反应。
步骤S4为拉伸加工步骤,是对未拉伸的聚酯膜进行预热及拉伸后,再进行横向及/或纵向的热收缩;拉伸加工方式可为逐次双轴拉伸加工或同步双轴拉伸加工。值得一提的是,在特定的拉伸加工条件下,可完成聚酯膜的结晶配向,且聚酯膜在高温环境下可具有非常低的纵向热收缩率和横向热收缩率。
在一些实施例中,未拉伸的聚酯膜可以先在70℃至145℃的温度下进行纵向(或称“长度方向”,MD)拉伸加工,以形成单轴拉伸的聚酯膜,再在90℃至160℃的温度下进行横向(或称“宽度方向”,TD)拉伸加工,以形成双轴拉伸的聚酯膜;根据实际需要,可将纵向拉伸加工与横向拉伸加工的顺序反过来。在一些实施例中,未拉伸的聚酯膜可以在70℃至145℃的温度下同步进行纵向拉伸加工与横向拉伸加工,以直接形成双轴拉伸的聚酯膜。
进一步而言,纵向拉伸加工的拉伸倍率为2倍至5倍,优选为2.5倍至4倍;横向拉伸加工的拉伸倍率为2倍至5倍,优选为2.5倍至4倍;纵向拉伸加工与横向拉伸加工的拉伸倍率可以相同或不同。聚酯膜的拉伸加工可用现有的拉幅拉伸机实现,但不限于此。
值得一提的是,步骤S4中进一步对双轴拉伸的聚酯膜进行横向及/或纵向的热收缩,如此能提高聚酯膜的结晶度及改善聚酯膜的收缩应力。进一步而言,上述热收缩处理可藉由一逐步双轴向拉紧薄膜的装置实现;此装置可使用链条构件夹持聚酯膜的宽度方向或长度方向的两端部,将聚酯膜反复地拉伸和松弛,拉伸幅度可为500%,松弛幅度可为10%;链条构件可具有通过导轨导向的上、下部滚轮,它们分别由上、下导轨在装置的不同区域制导。借此,能有效抑制聚酯膜在高温下的热收缩,即提高聚酯膜的热尺寸安定性,而不需要在拉伸加工后实施额外的热处理。然而,这些细节只是本实施例所提供可行的实施方式,而并非用以限定本发明。
参阅图2所示,利用本发明的制造方法所制成的聚酯膜(下称“低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜”)1,其可为双层结构,包括一基底层11及一第一表皮层12。基底层11具有相对的一第一表面111及一第二表面112,第一表面111例如为基底层11的上表面,第二表面112例如为基底层11的下表面;第一表皮层12形成于基底层11的第一表面111上,第一表皮层12为一易拉伸层。
参阅图3所示,低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜1也可为三层结构,包括一基底层11、一第一表皮层12及一第二表皮层13;第一表皮层12形成于基底层11的第一表面111上,且第二表皮层13形成于基底层11的第二表面112上,其中第一表皮层12与第二表皮层13各为一易压纹层。在一未绘示的实施例中,低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜1也可为单层结构。
进一步而言,基底层11、第一表皮层12与第二表皮层13各含有1至60重量百分比的掺混树脂、0.02至2重量百分比的抗氧化成分、0.003至2重量百分比的成核剂以及0.003至2重量百分比的加工流动助剂,其中掺混树脂包含90至99.99重量份的聚酯树脂以及0.01至10重量份的压克力树脂,且聚酯树脂的固有黏度介于0.62分升/克至1.0分升/克之间,压克力树脂具有特定的物理性质。值得一提的是,压克力树脂的重量平均分子量(Mw)优选为10,000至80,000之间,且压克力树脂的熔融指数(MI)优选为1至40克/10分钟,其是根据ISO1133标准并在230℃及3.8公斤的负荷下所测得。
考虑耐热性和防止寡聚物析出等方面,第一表皮层12与第二表皮层13除了上述成分外,可进一步含有0.02至0.5重量百分比的滑剂粒子(slipping agent);滑剂粒子的粒径可介于0.005微米至2微米之间,优选为1.5微米。
在一些实施例中,低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜1的总厚度为25微米至200微米,且第一表皮层12与第二表皮层13的厚度占低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜1总厚度的2%至30%;借此,环状寡聚物不容易移动至膜的表面,尤其在高温环境下。
特性评价
实验例1至5与比较例1及2的聚酯膜可依上述步骤S1至步骤S4制成,加工条件如表1所示。这些聚酯膜都具有图3所示的A/B/A三层结构,A表示表皮层,B表示基底层;其中各层的厚度,以及各层所含聚酯粒的固有黏度和功能性添加剂的浓度也如表1所示。测试这些聚酯膜的关键物性,相关的测试方法说明如下,其结果也如表1所示。
雾度测试:采用日商Tokyo Denshoku的雾度计(型号为TC-HIII DPK),依JISK7705测试标准,测试实验例1至5与比较例1及2的聚酯膜于加热前后的雾度值,并计算这些聚酯膜的雾度变化量(ΔHaze);本测试使用烘箱进行加热,加热温度为200℃,加热时间为3小时。
热收缩性测试:将实验例1至5与比较例1及2的聚酯膜裁成长宽15cm×15cm,置入200℃烘箱3小时后,量测这些聚酯膜的长边长度与宽边长度,并计算这些聚酯膜于加热前后的长边长度与宽边长度的变化量;将所得到的每一个长边长度化量除以初始长度(即15cm)再乘上100%,并将所得到的每一个宽边长度化量除以初始宽度(即15cm)再乘上100%,依此得到所有聚酯膜的纵向热收缩率和横向热收缩率。
拉伸测试:将实验例1至5与比较例1及2的聚酯膜裁成长宽25cm×15cm后,放入夹具中。随后拉伸试验机在夹具上施予应力并等速拉伸(200mm/min),记录聚酯膜的形变量直到聚酯膜断裂为止,并计算聚酯膜的断裂强度(kgf/mm2)和伸长率(%)。断裂强度是将聚酯膜拉伸达到断裂时的应力强度;伸长率是聚酯膜拉伸达到断裂时的伸长形变量。
实施例的有益效果
本发明的其中一有益效果在于,本发明的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜,其能通过“基底层与表皮层各为一聚酯组合物所形成,聚酯组合物包含特定用量的掺混树脂、抗氧化剂、成核剂及加工流动助剂,其中掺混树脂为聚酯树脂与压克力树脂按特定重量比例混合而成,且聚酯树脂的固有黏度介于0.62分升/克至1.0分升/克之间,压克力树脂的重量平均分子量介于10,000至80,000之间”的技术方案,以具有适当的玻璃转移温度,以及优异的拉伸性、挺性和刚性,且还能抑制聚酯寡聚物析出。
更进一步地说,在具有特定物理性质(如重量平均分子量和熔融指数)的压克力树脂的存在下,聚酯膜能具有高度非结晶性,以及获得改善的耐化性、防水性和透明性。
本发明的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法,其采用特定的拉伸加工条件,并在进行拉伸加工之后对聚酯膜进行纵向及/或横向热收缩;因此,所制成的聚酯膜在高温环境下可具有非常低的纵向热收缩率和横向热收缩率,雾度变化量(ΔHaze)也小于1%。
以上所公开的内容仅为本发明的优选可行实施例,并非因此局限本发明的权利要求书的保护范围,所以凡是运用本发明说明书及附图内容所做的等效技术变化,均包含于本发明的权利要求书的保护范围内。
Claims (14)
1.一种低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜,其特征在于,所述低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜包括:
一基底层;以及
至少一表皮层,形成于所述基底层上;
其中,所述基底层与至少一所述表皮层各为一聚酯组合物所形成,所述聚酯组合物包含:
1至60重量百分比的掺混树脂,包含90至99.99重量份的聚酯树脂以及0.01至10重量份的压克力树脂,其中所述聚酯树脂的固有黏度介于0.62分升/克至1.0分升/克之间,所述压克力树脂的重量平均分子量介于10,000至80,000之间;
0.02至2重量百分比的抗氧化成分;
0.003至2重量百分比的成核剂;以及
0.003至2重量百分比的加工流动助剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜,其特征在于,所述聚酯树脂选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯以及聚萘二甲酸乙二醇脂中的至少一种,所述压克力树脂由以下单体中的至少一种聚合而成:(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸戊酯、(甲基)丙烯酸己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸庚酯、(甲基)丙烯酸辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸壬酯、(甲基)丙烯酸癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸月桂酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十八酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲氧基乙酯、正丁基-丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯以及(甲基)丙烯酸乙氧基甲酯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜,其特征在于,所述压克力树脂的熔融指数为1至40克/10分钟,其是根据ISO 1133标准并在230℃及3.8公斤的负荷下所测得。
4.根据权利要求1所述的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜,其特征在于,所述抗氧化成分包括0.01至1重量百分比的一级抗氧化剂以及0.01至1重量百分比的二级抗氧化剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜,其特征在于,所述低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的总厚度为25微米至200微米,且至少一所述表皮层的厚度占所述低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜总厚度的2%至30%;其中,所述低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜经200℃加热3小时后的纵向与横向收缩率均小于1%。
6.一种低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法,其特征在于,所述低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法包括:
将至少一聚酯组合物形成一未拉伸的聚酯膜,其中所述聚酯组合物包含:
1至60重量百分比的掺混树脂,包含90至99.99重量份的聚酯树脂以及0.01至10重量份的压克力树脂,其中所述聚酯树脂的固有黏度介于0.62分升/克至1.0分升/克之间,所述压克力树脂的重量平均分子量介于10,000至80,000之间;
0.02至2重量百分比的抗氧化成分;
0.003至2重量百分比的成核剂;以及
0.003至2重量百分比的加工流动助剂;以及
对所述未拉伸的聚酯膜进行纵向拉伸加工与横向拉伸加工,以形成一双轴拉伸的聚酯膜,所述双轴拉伸的聚酯膜包括一基底层以及至少一形成于所述基底层上的表皮层,其中所述纵向拉伸加工的拉伸倍率为2倍至5倍,所述横向拉伸加工的拉伸倍率为2倍至5倍。
7.根据权利要求6所述的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法,其特征在于,所述纵向拉伸加工与所述横向拉伸加工是先后进行的,所述纵向拉伸加工的温度条件为70℃至145℃,且所述横向拉伸加工的温度条件为90℃至160℃。
8.根据权利要求6所述的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法,其特征在于,所述纵向拉伸加工与所述横向拉伸加工是在70℃至145℃的温度条件下同步进行的。
9.根据权利要求6所述的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法,其特征在于,所述低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法还包括:对所述双轴拉伸的聚酯膜进行横向及/或纵向的热收缩。
10.根据权利要求6所述的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法,其特征在于,所述低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法还包括:在形成所述未拉伸的聚酯膜之前,在120℃至180℃的温度条件下对至少一所述聚酯组合物进行结晶干燥处理。
11.根据权利要求10所述的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法,其特征在于,所述结晶干燥处理的时间为3至8小时。
12.根据权利要求6所述的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法,其特征在于,所述聚酯树脂选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯以及聚萘二甲酸乙二醇脂中的至少一种,所述压克力树脂由以下单体中的至少一种聚合而成:(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸戊酯、(甲基)丙烯酸己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸庚酯、(甲基)丙烯酸辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸壬酯、(甲基)丙烯酸癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸月桂酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十八酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲氧基乙酯、正丁基-丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯以及(甲基)丙烯酸乙氧基甲酯。
13.根据权利要求6所述的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法,其特征在于,所述压克力树脂的熔融指数为1至40克/10分钟,其是根据ISO 1133标准并在230℃及3.8公斤的负荷下所测得。
14.根据权利要求6所述的低寡聚物易拉伸改性聚酯膜的制造方法,其特征在于,所述抗氧化成分包括0.01至1重量百分比的一级抗氧化剂以及0.01至1重量百分比的二级抗氧化剂。
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US20050112372A1 (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2005-05-26 | Rolland Loic P. | Ethylene copolymer modified oriented polyester films, tapes, fibers and nonwoven textiles |
JP2007182509A (ja) * | 2006-01-10 | 2007-07-19 | Mitsubishi Polyester Film Copp | 成形転写用二軸延伸ポリエステルフィルム |
TW201546172A (zh) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-12-16 | Skc Co Ltd | 具有高抗熱性之聚酯膜 |
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