CN113292050A - 新型纳米硒双球及其制备方法 - Google Patents

新型纳米硒双球及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113292050A
CN113292050A CN202110753313.4A CN202110753313A CN113292050A CN 113292050 A CN113292050 A CN 113292050A CN 202110753313 A CN202110753313 A CN 202110753313A CN 113292050 A CN113292050 A CN 113292050A
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孙冬冬
王静媛
汪泽坤
杨恩东
汪维云
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Abstract

本发明公开了新型纳米硒双球的制备方法，属于纳米材料制备应用领域。本发明采用亚硒酸钠为硒源，葡萄糖、L‑抗坏血酸或D‑丙氨酸为还原剂，在不同反应温度下制得规则的纳米硒球。后用互补单链DNA或硫醇对两个硒球进行连接,制得了形状规则且排列有序的双硒球结构，大小为120±5nm，可做为高载药量药物载体用于生物医学治疗。

Description

新型纳米硒双球及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明公开了新型纳米硒双球的制备方法，属于纳米材料制备应用领域。
背景技术
硒是人体必需的微量元素，能调节体内氧化还原平衡，提高免疫力且具有抗肿瘤的作用。而双硒球结构被证明可以同时消耗GSH和ROS来有效打破氧化还原平衡，从而实现与顺铂的协同作用。硒在体内主要以各种硒蛋白的形式存在，氧化还原调节，解毒和免疫系统保护。近年来，硒和硒蛋白在神经退行性疾病中的作用引起了人们的高度关注。硒蛋白在人脑中高度表达，最有可能参与抗氧化和神经保护，这是预防阿尔兹海默症发生和发展的主要因素。
纳米硒主要有物理法、化学法、生物法等三大制备方式，本发明采用亚硒酸钠为硒源，葡萄糖、L-抗坏血酸或D-丙氨酸等还原剂还原法制备纳米硒球，后用互补DNA单链和硫醇连接两个硒球，其制备方法简单，所得到的新型纳米硒双球结构新颖，可做为高载药量药物载体用于生物医学治疗。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供型纳米硒双球及其制备方法。发明所制备的新型纳米硒双球为两个分别通过互补DNA单链或硫醇连接的纳米硒球，其大小均一，且制备方法简单，易操作，绿色环保。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
新型纳米硒双球，其是采用亚硒酸钠为硒源，在不同反应温度条件下利用葡萄糖、L-抗坏血酸或D-丙氨酸进行还原制备而成规则的纳米硒球，并用互补单链DNA或硫醇对两个硒球进行连接，获得了纳米硒双球，其大小为120±5nm。
其制备方法具体包括如下步骤：
1)将硒源溶解于纯水中，超声分散3min；
2)置于磁力搅拌机上匀速搅拌，加入葡萄糖，后加入一定量的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)作为稳定剂，在室温下搅拌反应一定时间
3)置于85℃烘箱中加热一定时间，直至溶液变为深红棕色，将溶液取出迅速冷却后离心收集即可得到形状规则的硒球。
4)将制得的硒球于硫代化单链互补DNA反应，即得所述双硒球结构。
5)将制得的硒球与硫醇搅拌20min后静置12h，即得所述双硒球结构。
所述亚硒酸钠与葡萄糖的摩尔比为1:1～1:5，优选1:1。
所述搅拌反应时间为10～30min，优选20min。
所述烘箱温度为85℃，反应时间为20～50min优选30min。
所述的互补单链DNA连接双硒球的制备方法，中利用单链互补DNA将两个硒球互补连接，硫代化DNA，称为S1和S2，S1的序列为5’-TAGGAATAGTTAAAA-SH-3’,S2的序列为5’-TAACTATTCCTAAAA-SH-3’。将10μL的100μM DNA溶液中，孵化4h，将DNA(S1)加入300μL 1×TBE溶液。新合成的纳米硒球被添加到溶液中，S1与纳米硒球的摩尔比超过10000:1。混合物在室温下孵育过夜，慢慢加入NaCl，同时搅拌，直到NaCl终浓度达到500mM，14000r离心10min，用移液管小心取出上清，相同的离心程序重复两次，以完全去除多余的硫代化DNA。功能化的纳米硒球被称为Se-S1，采用同样的程序处理S2得到Se-S2。Se-S1与Se-S2孵育在含有300mM NaCl的1×TBE缓冲液中。混合物在65℃的水浴中孵育20min，然后慢慢冷却到室温，12000r离心10min收集即可得到纳米硒双球。
所述的硫醇连接双硒球的制备方法中，向制备好的纳米硒球溶液中加入100μL 1，10-癸二硫醇(100μM)，搅拌20min后，静置12h后12000r离心收集即可得到纳米硒双球。
所述纳米硒双球的大小为120±5nm，可以同时消耗GSH和ROS来有效打破氧化还原平衡，从而实现与顺铂的协同作用，并且大大提高了载药量。
与其他制备纳米硒的方法相比，本发明的显著优点在于：
1)本发明合成纳米硒球中所用的还原剂为葡萄糖、L-抗坏血酸或D-丙氨酸，对机体的毒害较小；
2)本发明采用了两种连接方式合成纳米硒双球，其中DNA互补连接可在运用中分别配合不同的药物进行合成，而硫醇连接的硒双球也是大大的提高了药物的载药量；
3)本发明首次得到纳米硒双球结构。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所述的内容更加便于理解，下面结合具体实施方法对本发明所述的技术方案做进一步的说明，但是本发明不仅限于此。
实施例1
S1.称取500mg亚硒酸钠，溶于5mL纯水中，边搅拌边加入2g葡萄糖，后加入1mLPVP(1mg/mL)并持续搅拌20min。
S2.将搅拌好的溶液置于85℃的烘箱中加热30min，直至溶液变为深红棕色，将溶液取出迅速冷却后12000r离心收集得到规则纳米硒球。
本实施例得到的纳米硒为规则球形，直径为100±5nm。
实施例2
S1.称取500mg亚硒酸钠，溶于5mL纯水中，加入1mL PVP(1mg/mL),后快速注入0.475mL 100mM L-抗坏血酸并持续搅拌20min，此时溶液呈现微黄色。
S2.将搅拌好的溶液于30℃水浴中静置2h后12000r离心10min收集得到规则纳米球。
本实施例得到的纳米硒为规则球形，直径为50±5nm。
实施例3
S1.称取500mg亚硒酸钠，溶于5mL纯水中，加入1mL PVP(1mg/mL)持续搅拌20min后加入1mL D-丙氨酸(1mg/mL)。
S2.将搅拌好的溶液于30℃水浴中静置12h后于85℃的烘箱中加热30min，直至溶液变为深红棕色，将溶液取出迅速冷却后12000r离心收集得到聚集成团的规则纳米硒球。
本实施例得到的纳米硒球成团聚状，直径为90±5nm
实施例4
S1.称取500mg亚硒酸钠，溶于5mL纯水中，边搅拌边加入2g葡萄糖，后加入1mLPVP(1mg/mL)并持续搅拌20min。
S2.将搅拌好的溶液置于85℃的烘箱中加热30min，直至溶液变为深红棕色，将溶液取出迅速冷却后12000r离心收集得到规则纳米硒球。
S3.将10μL的100μM DNA(硫代化DNA，称为S1和S2，S1的序列为5’-TAGGAATAGTTAAAA-SH-3’,S2的序列为5’-TAACTATTCCTAAAA-SH-3’)溶液中，孵化4h，将DNA(S1)加入300μL 1×TBE溶液。新合成的纳米硒球被添加到溶液中，S1与纳米硒球的摩尔比超过10000:1。混合物在室温下孵育过夜，慢慢加入NaCl，同时搅拌，直到NaCl终浓度达到500mM，14000r离心10min，用移液管小心取出上清，相同的离心程序重复两次，以完全去除多余的硫代化DNA。功能化的纳米硒球被称为Se-S1，采用同样的程序处理S2得到Se-S2。Se-S1与Se-S2孵育在含有300mM NaCl的1×TBE缓冲液中。，混合物在65℃的水浴中孵育20min，然后慢慢冷却到室温，12000r离心10min收集即可得到纳米硒双球。
本实施例得到的纳米硒为规则球形，直径为120±5nm。
实施例5
S1.称取500mg亚硒酸钠，溶于5mL纯水中，边搅拌边加入2g葡萄糖，后加入1mLPVP(1mg/mL)并持续搅拌20min。
S2.将搅拌好的溶液置于85℃的烘箱中加热30min，直至溶液变为深红棕色，将溶液取出迅速冷却后12000r离心收集得到规则纳米硒球。
S3.向制备好的纳米硒球溶液中加入100μL 1，10-癸二硫醇(100μM)，搅拌20min后，静置12h后12000r离心收集即可得到纳米硒双球。
本实施例得到的纳米硒为规则球形，直径为120±5nm。
附图说明
图1为实施例1所得球形纳米硒的透射电镜图(A)及扫描电镜图(B)。
图2为实施例2所得球形纳米硒的透射电镜图。
图3为实施例3所得聚集球形纳米硒的透射电镜图。
图4为实施例4所得DNA互补连接纳米硒双球透射电镜图(A)及扫描电镜图(B)。
图5为实施例5所得硫醇连接纳米硒双球的透射电镜图。

Claims (7)

1.一种互补单链DNA或硫醇连接双硒球的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
1)将硒源溶解于纯水中，超声分散；
2)置于磁力搅拌机上匀速搅拌，加入还原剂，后加入一定量的稳定剂，在室温下搅拌反应一定时间
3)置于烘箱中加热一定时间，直至溶液变为深红棕色，将溶液取出迅速冷却后离心收集即可得到形状规则的硒球。
4)将制得的硒球与硫代化单链互补DNA反应，即得所述双硒球结构。
5)将制得的硒球与硫醇搅拌一定时间后静置过夜，即得所述双硒球结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的互补单链DNA连接双硒球的制备方法，其特征在于：所述硒源为亚硒酸钠；所述还原剂为葡萄糖、L-抗坏血酸或D-丙氨酸；所述稳定剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、壳聚糖或十六烷基三甲基溴化铵_(CTAB)；
所用硒源与还原剂的摩尔比为1:1～1:5。
3.根据权利要求1所述的互补单链DNA连接双硒球的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤2)中反应时间为10～30min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的互补单链DNA连接双硒球的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤3)中烘箱温度为85℃，反应时间为20～50min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的互补单链DNA连接双硒球的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤4)中,利用单链互补DNA将两个硒球互补连接，硫代化DNA，称为S1和S2,S1的序列为5’-TAGGAATAGTTAAAA-SH-3’,S2的序列为5’-TAACTATTCCTAAAA-SH-3’。
6.根据权利要求1所述的硫醇连接双硒球的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤5)中向制备好的纳米硒溶液中加入100μL 1，10-癸二硫醇(100μM)，搅拌20min后，静置12h后12000r离心。
7.根据权利要求1-6所述的任意一项制备方法制得的互补单链DNA连接双硒球和1,10-癸二硫醇连接的双硒球，其特征在于：所述纳米硒双球的大小为120±5nm。
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