CN1132854C - 用于网片的阻燃剂和防火网片 - Google Patents

用于网片的阻燃剂和防火网片 Download PDF

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CN1132854C
CN1132854C CN98116340.8A CN98116340A CN1132854C CN 1132854 C CN1132854 C CN 1132854C CN 98116340 A CN98116340 A CN 98116340A CN 1132854 C CN1132854 C CN 1132854C
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net sheet
weight
fire retardant
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dawn
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CN1268518A (zh
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野崎齐治
神谷邦明
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Nippon Union K K
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Abstract

本发明提供在燃烧时不会产生卤素气体的阻燃剂和用其制成的防火网片。按100重量份树脂固体含量为2.0-45%重量的聚烯烃树脂水溶液中所含的固体计，用于网片的阻燃剂含有1.5-15重量份红磷和10-70重量份多磷酸铵化合物。并用这种阻燃剂处理防火网片。

Description

用于网片的阻燃剂和防火网片
本发明涉及长期在室外(如建筑工地)使用的不含卤素的防火网片。
近年来，在建筑工业中，建筑物有日益高层化的倾向。同时多层房屋数量也在增加。在这些建筑物中必须设置用于安全防护的防火网片和防止散落的防火网片，而且限制越来越严格。
目前所用的防火网片和防散落防火网片的制造方法分别是织造用氯乙烯基糊状树脂组合物涂覆的聚酯、尼龙或聚丙烯复丝纤维并加热制得的纱，然后加热所得的织物以及用氯乙烯基糊状树脂组合物涂覆通过织造和加工复丝纤维制得的织物，然后加热和加工成所需的形状。
含氯的氯乙烯用作涂覆纤维和织物的树脂组合物。阻燃剂的示意性实例包括氯基阻燃剂(如氯化石蜡)、溴基阻燃剂(如十溴二苯醚)和无机阻燃剂(如三氧化锑)(审查后的日本专利公开52-41786、53-18065和61-94305、塑料、1991年2月)。
近年来，全球范围内要求避免使用含元素卤的树脂和阻燃剂。因为从地球环境保护的角度来看，燃烧时元素卤会产生有害的气体。
日本专利公开61-223045提出，将红磷和多磷酸铵捏和到聚烯烃中，以防止由含卤阻燃剂化合物中所含的卤素引起的腐蚀。但是，分散在聚烯烃树脂的水分散体中的阻燃剂是未知的。
鉴于上述情况，本发明的目的是提供用于无卤防火网片的阻燃剂和含有该阻燃剂的防火网片。所述的阻燃剂在燃烧时不会产生有害的卤素气体。
本发明涉及：
1.用于网片的阻燃剂，其中按100重量份树脂固体含量为20-45％重量的聚烯烃树脂水分散体中所含的固体计，含有1.5-15重量份红磷和10-70重量份多磷酸铵化合物。
2.如第1项所述的用于网片的阻燃剂，其中聚烯烃树脂的水分散体中所述聚烯烃树脂是一种或二种选自乙烯-甲基丙烯酸金属离子交联共聚物和乙烯基α-烯烃共聚物的树脂。
3.如第1或2项所述的用于网片的阻燃剂，其中聚烯烃树脂的水分散体中所述聚烯烃树脂是90-10％重量乙烯-甲基丙烯酸金属离子交联共聚物和10-90％重量乙烯基α-烯烃共聚物的混合物。
4.如第1-3项中任一项所述的用于网片的阻燃剂，其中所述的红磷是用胶囊封闭的。
5.如第1-4项中任一项所述的用于网片的阻燃剂，其中所述的多磷酸铵化合物是用胶囊封闭的。
6.如第1-5项中任一项所述的用于网片的阻燃剂，其中按100重量份聚烯烃树脂的水分散体中所含的固体计，它还包括60-150重量份的金属氢氧化物。
7.如第6项所述的用于网片的阻燃剂，其中所述的金属氢氧化物是氢氧化镁和/或氢氧化铝。
8.一种防火网片，其中它用如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的用于网片的阻燃剂浸涂，然后加热和织造。
9.如第8项所述的防火网片，其中它的复丝纤维的折合单丝纤度为3-17旦，总纤度为1000-4500旦，抗拉强度为6-10g/旦，断裂强度为14-45％。
10.一种防火网片，其中它用如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的用于网片的阻燃剂浸涂由复丝纤维织造的网片织物，然后进行加热。
11.如第10项所述的防火网片，其中由复丝纤维织造的网片织物是通过使折合单丝纤度为2-13旦、总纤度为150-2500旦、抗拉强度为6-10g/旦、断裂强度为14-45％的1-4根合成纤维平行，然后用织机纱罗织造而制成，网长为10-140经/10厘米和10-140纬/10厘米。
12.如第8-11项中任一项所述的防火网片，其中按100重量份复丝纤维或由复丝纤维织造的网片织物计，如权利要求1-7中任一项所述阻燃剂用于浸涂网片织物的用量为60-350重量份。
聚烯烃树脂的水分散体用作本发明中的基本材料，因为复丝纤维和织物用阻燃剂完全浸渍和均匀涂覆。
作为聚烯烃树脂，聚烯烃树脂的水分散体较好含有乙烯-甲基丙烯酸金属离子交联共聚物。该共聚物含有10-20％重量的甲基丙烯酸。所述水分散体的固体含量为20-45％重量，粒径为0.01-3微米，pH为8-11，粘度为30-1000厘泊(BM型粘度计，6#转子)。特别优选的聚烯烃树脂是树脂表面硬度为D-40-75(Shore-D：ASTMD 2240)的乙烯-甲基丙烯酸金属离子交联共聚物，如S-300、S-650或S-100离子键树脂(购自Mitsui Petrochemical Industry Co.)。
可以使用乙烯基α-烯烃共聚物，其分散体的固体含量为20-45％重量，粒径为1-10微米，pH为8-11，粘度为2000-8000厘泊(BM型粘度计，6#转子)，树脂表面硬度为A-80至97(Shore A：ASTMD)。乙烯基α-烯烃共聚物较好是含有50％重量或更多乙烯的热塑性弹体树脂，如A-100或A-200(购自MitsuiPetrochemical Industry Co.)。
当使用含90-10％重量乙烯-甲基丙烯酸金属离子交联共聚物和10-90％重量乙烯基α-烯烃共聚物的混合物时，具有较高表面硬度的乙烯-甲基丙烯酸金属离子交联共聚物和具有较低表面硬度的乙烯基α-烯烃共聚物的表面硬度会很好平衡，从而获得用软氯乙烯树脂制成的常规防火网片的感觉。对于两种材料的优选比例，乙烯-甲基丙烯酸金属离子交联共聚物的使用比例为80-40％重量，乙烯基α-烯烃共聚物的使用比例为20-60％重量。
本发明中所用的红磷较好是用胶囊封闭的(microencapsulated)。使用用胶囊封闭的红磷可以减少红磷混合到烯烃水分散体中时水分散体粘度的增加。另外，防火网片在建筑工地铺展使用4-8月后，需要将防火网片拆下和洗涤，以除去污垢。洗涤时，将其放在已加热至40℃和含有洗涤剂的热水中浸泡几小时。这时，通过用胶囊封闭可以防止红磷溶解在水中。红磷的浓度为75-95％，平均粒径为10-40微米。
用界面聚合法或凝聚法等在红磷颗粒表面涂覆树脂和无机材料，可以适当地进行用胶囊封闭。
本发明中所用的多磷酸铵化合物是多磷酸铵或多磷酸酰胺(amidepolyphosphate)。使用用胶囊封闭的多磷酸铵化合物可以减少多磷酸铵化合物混合到烯烃树脂的水分散体中时水分散体粘度的增加。另外，防火网片在建筑工地铺展使用4-8月后，需要将防火网片拆下和洗涤，以除去污垢。洗涤时，将其放在已加热至40℃和含有洗涤剂的热水中浸泡几小时。这时，通过用胶囊封闭可以使多磷酸铵化合物在水中难于溶解和稳定。多磷酸铵化合物中磷的浓度为15-35％，该化合物的平均粒径为5-40微米。用胶囊封闭可以象红磷一样进行。
红磷和多磷酸铵化合物用作本发明中的阻燃剂，因为当含红磷的树脂组合物靠近火焰时，表面上的树脂和红磷首先燃烧，树脂与空气中的氧气结合形成二氧化碳气体、水和碳。这时，红磷促进乙烯-甲基丙烯酸金属离子交联共聚物和乙烯-α-烯烃的碳化。同时，红磷与氧结合形成氧化物，这种氧化物与水进一步结合，变成缩合磷酸。在树脂表面由碳和缩合磷酸的混合物形成的薄膜成为树脂表面的不透氧层，从而抑制树脂的燃烧和使树脂耐火。
按固体含量为20-45％重量的聚烯烃树脂水分散体中所含的100重量份聚烯烃固体计，红磷的用量应为1.5-15重量份。如果红磷的含量小于1.5重量份(按树脂固体含量计)，则不能产生防火效果，如果红磷的含量超过15重量份，则不会提高它的防火效果，所得的防火网片具有深的红色，即使用颜料也难于着色。
在本发明中，如果存在磷酸铵化合物时，燃烧时多磷酸铵化合物热分解，产生氮气，从而隔离氧气。作为脱烃化剂，多磷酸铵化合物促进聚烯烃树脂的碳化，并提高燃烧效果，同时产生含氮气体。在本发明中，按固体含量为20-45％重量的聚烯烃树脂水分散体中所含的100重量份聚烯烃固体计，多磷酸铵化合物的含量应为10-70重量份。低于10重量份时，就不会产生防火效果，高于70重量份时，不会提高防火效果。
Nova Excel 140或Nova Red 120(Rin Kagaku Koguo Co.)用作红磷。
TERRAJU-60或TERRJU-70(购自Chisso Corp.)或Hostafuram AP462(Hoechst Co.)用作多磷酸铵化合物。
当还使用金属氢氧化物时，有利于获得高的防火效果。所述的金属氢氧化物较好是氢氧化镁或氢氧化铝。它们可与红磷和多磷酸铵结合使用，以获得更大的效果。按聚烯烃树脂水分散体中所述的100重量份聚烯烃树脂固体计，所述金属氢氧化物的含量应为60-150重量份。
当金属氢氧化物的含量低于60重量份时，它促进耐火的作用就小，当其含量超过150重量份时，聚烯烃树脂水分散体的粘度就会增加。这是不利的。
Hijilite H-42M或Hijilite H-43M(Showa Denko K.K.)用作氢氧化铝。
Kisuma 5(Kyowa Kagaku Kogyo Co.)用作氢氧化镁。
本发明中所用的复丝纤维是选自聚酯、尼龙、聚丙烯和维尼纶的至少一种复丝纤维。从强度和热收缩性方面考虑，较好是聚酯纤维。将复丝纤维的抗拉强度控制在6-10g/旦范围内，可以获得强度高、重量轻的防火网片。将复丝纤维的断裂伸长率控制在14-45％范围内，可以获得落下时具有高韧性和高冲击能量吸收的防火网片。
用阻燃剂处理后织造的复丝纤维的折合单丝纤度为3-17旦，较好为3-12旦，特别好为4-9旦，总纤度为1000-4500旦，较好为1260-3500旦，特别好为1500-3000。
织造后用阻燃剂处理的织物中所用的复丝纤维的折合单丝纤度为2-13旦，较好为2-11旦，特别好为2.5-9旦，总纤度为150-2500且，较好为200-2000旦，特别好为250-1500旦。将抗拉强度控制在6-10g/旦范围内，可以获得强度高、重量轻的防火网片。将断裂伸长率控制在14-45％范围内，可以获得落下时具有高韧性和高冲击能量吸收的防火网片。将2-4束纤维平行，用Dobby织机纱罗织造，可以制备具有高强度、高韧性的防火网片。在大多数情况下用织机将单丝纤维纱罗织造成织物，可以制得防散落防火网片。
至于复丝纤维和织物与阻燃剂所含固体的重量比，按100重量份复丝纤维和织物计，阻燃剂中所含固体的用量为60-350重量份。当按100重量份复丝纤维和织物计，阻燃剂中所含固体低于60重量份时，涂层就会不均匀，复丝纤维和织物就会部分暴露，从而外观和耐候性都会变差。另外，耐火性能也会降低。当固体含量高于350重量份时，防火网片的重量就会增加，从而使操作性能变差。这是不利的。
通过适当地选择种类及其用量，颜料、染料、紫外吸收剂、光学稳定剂、抗氧化剂、稳定性、稀释剂、增稠剂、发泡剂、防霉剂、防藻剂等可与本发明的阻燃剂结合使用。
以下描述本发明防火网片的制造方法。当用复丝纤维制造本发明的防火网片时，用卷取机卷取经用上胶喷嘴在该纤维涂覆阻燃剂、加热和凝胶化制得的涂层纱。用织机将卷取在该卷取机上的涂层纱织造成织物。将该织物送入加热炉进行固着(non-shifting)处理，以便得到布。
将该布裁成预定的尺寸，缝制，并进行固着处理，得到不含卤素的防火网片。
当用织物制造本发明的防火网片时，用Dobby织机织造复丝纤维可以得到织造布。在将该织造布浸在装满网片阻燃剂的容器中后，让其通过该容器，用空气鼓风干燥，送入加热炉，加热凝胶化，得到涂覆布。为增加涂覆在织物上的阻燃剂的量，让该织物浸入和至少两次通过装满阻燃剂的容器，产生涂覆的布。将该布裁成规定的尺寸，缝制，并进行固着处理，得到不含卤素的防火网片。
实施例
实施例1
向行星式混合器(容量为25升)中投入100重量份乙烯-甲基丙烯酸金属离子交联共聚物的S-300水分散体(固体含量为35％)。然后在3分钟内逐渐加入1.5重量份Nova Excel红磷(按100重量份树脂固体含量计，4.3重量份)、12重量份TERRAJU-60多磷酸铵(按100重量份树脂固体含量计，34.3重量份)、0.3重量份Tinuabin 327紫外吸收剂(按树脂固体含量计，0.86重量份)和0.3重量份Irganox 1010抗氧化剂(按树脂固体含量计，0.86重量份)。加入后，一边搅拌，一边逐渐加入10重量份异丙醇和50重量份水。加完后，将这些材料再搅拌20分钟。然后在5毫米汞柱的减压下进行真空消泡30分钟，得到粘度为2140厘泊(BM型粘度计，转子V-6，12转/分，25℃)的阻燃剂。将阻燃剂装入槽中，然后使总纤度为1750旦、纤维根数384根、折合单丝纤度为4.5旦、抗拉强度为8.5g/旦和断裂伸长率为21％的聚酯复丝纤维通过导向装置，用夹紧辊夹紧，经过导向辊、阻燃剂槽和上胶喷嘴(直径为0.7毫米)，涂覆该复丝纤维。然后再在140℃的加热炉中加热该丝束，再通过另一上胶喷嘴(直径为0.8毫米)涂覆复丝纤维，再在170℃的加热炉中加热，制成4030旦的涂层纱(coated yarn)。网片阻燃剂与复丝纤维的重量比为130/100。
接着用剑杆织机，以50厘米/分的速度将该涂层纱织成经纱52根/10厘米和纬纱52根/10厘米的网眼平纹织物。然后在160℃的加热炉中加热该织物，使经纱和纬纱的交点热融接，得到本发明的防火网片。另外，将织物裁成190厘米宽和520厘米长，用缝纫机缝制，并进行固着处理，得到宽为180厘米、长520厘米的防火网片。
防火网片性能的测量结果列于表1中。
实施例2
按与实施例1相同的方法制备粘度为3300厘泊的阻燃剂，所不同的是用A-100乙烯基α-烯烃共聚物水分散体(固体含量为40％)代替乙烯-甲基丙烯酸金属离子交联共聚物，将18重量份Hostafuram AP462(按100重量份树脂固体含量计，45重量份)用作多磷酸铵，并加入100重量份水。
按与实施例1相同的方法制备防火网片，所不同的是使用2750旦的复丝纤维，第一次使用直径为0.8毫米的上胶喷嘴，第二次使用直径为0.9毫米的上胶喷嘴，以得到5225旦的涂层纱。
防火网片性能的测量结果列于表1中。
实施例3
按与实施例1相同的方法制备防火网片，所不同的是使用70重量份S-300乙烯-甲基丙烯酸金属离子交联共聚物(固体含量为30％重量)和30重量份A-100乙烯基α-烯烃共聚物(固体含量为40％重量)。防火网片性能的测量结果列于表1中。
实施例4
按与实施例1相同的方法制备防火网片，所不同的是将S-650(固体含量为27％)用作乙烯-甲基丙烯酸金属离子交联共聚物，3重量份Nova Red-120(按100重量份树脂固体含量计，11.1重量份)用作红磷。
防火网片性能的测量结果列于表1中。
实施例5
按与实施例1相同的方法制备防火网片，所不同的是将1.0重量份NovaExcel 130(按100重量份树脂固体含量计，2.9重量份)用作红磷，8重量份TERRAJU-60(按100重量份树脂固体含量计，22.9重量份)用作多磷酸铵，35重量份Hijilite H-42M(100重量份树脂固体含量计，100重量份)用作氢氧化铝。
防火网片性能的测量结果列于表1中。
实施例6
按与实施例1相同的方法制备防火网片，所不同的是将1.0重量份NovaExcel 140(按100重量份树脂固体含量计，2.9重量份)用作红磷，8重量份TERRAJU-60(按100重量份树脂固体含量计，22.9重量份)用作多磷酸铵，35重量份Kisuma 5(100重量份树脂固体含量计，100重量份)用作氢氧化镁。
防火网片性能的测量结果列于表1中。
实施例7
使3根750旦复丝纤维平行，用Dobby织机织造45经纱/10厘米和45纬纱/10厘米的充纱罗织物，再涂层织物，而不是实施例1中的复丝纤维。织物的重量为225克/米2。
然后让该织物通过导向辊，用夹紧辊夹紧，通过装在槽中的与实施例1相同的阻燃剂，所不同的是加入100重量份水，用压浆辊压浆，用空气鼓风干燥，以除去织物织纹中的阻燃剂，在温度梯度为130℃、160℃和170℃的加热炉中使其凝胶化，用卷取机卷取涂层织物。
使涂层织物通过装满阻燃剂的槽中，将相同的步骤重复两遍，得到涂布量为378克/米2的涂层织物(薄纱网织物)。将该织物裁成预定的尺寸，缝制，进行固着处理，得到防火网片。
实施例8
用1根250旦复丝纤维和Dobby织机织造120经纱/10厘米和120纬纱/10厘米的充纱罗织物，再涂覆织物，而不是实施例1中的复丝纤维。织物的重量为66克/米2。
然后让该织物通过导向辊，用夹紧辊夹紧，通过装在槽中的与实施例1相同的阻燃剂，所不同的是加入100重量份水，用压浆辊压浆，用鼓风空气干燥，以除去织物织纹中的阻燃剂，在温度梯度为130℃、160℃和170℃的加热炉中使其凝胶化，用卷取机卷取重量为118克/米2涂层织物。
将该织物裁成预定的尺寸，缝制，进行固着处理，得到防火网片。
对比例1
按与实施例1相同的方法制备粘度为2030厘泊的阻燃剂，所不同的是将用作红磷的Nova Excel 130的用量改成0.3重量份(按100重量份树脂固体含量计，0.86重量份)。按与实施例1相同的方法制备防火网片，所不同的是使用上述阻燃剂。
防火网片性能的测量结果列于表1中。
对比例2
按与实施例1相同的方法制备粘度为1450厘泊的阻燃剂，所不同的是将用作红磷的Nova Excel 140的用量改成4.5重量份(按100重量份树脂固体含量计，12.8重量份)，将用作多磷酸铵的TERRAJU-60的用量改成3重量份(按100重量份树脂固体含量计，8.6重量份)。按与实施例1相同的方法制备防火网片，所不同的是使用上述阻燃剂。
防火网片性能的测量结果列于表1中。
对比例3
按与实施例1相同的方法制备粘度为2180厘泊的阻燃剂，所不同的是不用红磷，而用10重量份的三氧化锑(按100重量份树脂固体含量计，28.6重量份)。按与实施例1相同的方法制备防火网片，所不同的是使用上述阻燃剂。
防火网片性能的测量结果列于表1中。
对比例4
按与实施例1相同的方法制备粘度为1270厘泊的阻燃剂，所不同的是不用多磷酸铵，而用10重量份的三氧化锑(按100重量份树脂固体含量计，28.6重量份)，不加水。按与实施例1相同的方法制备防火网片，所不同的是使用上述阻燃剂。
防火网片性能的测量结果列于表1中。
对比例5
按与实施例1相同的方法制备粘度为1060厘泊的阻燃剂，所不同的是不用红磷和多磷酸铵，而用10重量份的三氧化锑(按100重量份树脂固体含量计，28.6重量份)和12重量份十溴二苯醚(按100重量份树脂固体含量计，34.3重量份)，不加水。按与实施例1相同的方法制备防火网片，所不同的是使用上述阻燃剂。
防火网片性能的测量结果列于表1中。
对比例6
用0.6毫米直径的上胶喷嘴代替实施例1中所用的0.7毫米直径的上胶喷嘴涂覆复丝纤维，得到2538旦的涂层纱。按与实施例1相同的方法制备防火网片，所不同的是该阻燃剂不涂两遍，而用涂层纱。
防火网片性能的测量结果列于表1中。
                                                   表1
  实施例1   实施例2   实施例3    实施例4   实施例5   实施例6   实施例7   实施例8
乙烯-甲基丙烯酸金属离子共聚物S-300 100 - 70 - 100 100 100 100
S-650    100
乙烯基α-烯烃共聚物A-100   4.3   3.7   4.6    -   2.9   2.9   4.3   4.3
红磷Nova Excel 140    11.1
红磷Nova Red 120   34.3     -   36.8    44.4   22.9   22.9   34.3   34.3
多磷酸铵A   -     45   -
多磷酸铵B
三氢化锑
十溴二苯醚
氢氧化铵C   100
氢氧化镁D   100
异丙醇   28.5     25   31    37   28.5   28.5   28.5   28.5
水   143     250   154    185   143   143   285   285
水分散体的粘度(CP)   2140     3800   3540    1840   3240   3160   1120   1120
复丝纤维的纤度(De)   1750     2750   1750    1750   1750   1750   -   -
织物的纬纱数/厘米   52     33   52    52   52   52   45   120
织物的经纱数/厘米   52     33   52    52   52   52   45   120
织物重量(克/米2)   -     -   -    -   -   -   225   66
被覆纱纤度(De)和涂层织物重量   4030     5225   4900    3677   4422   4250   378   118
用于烯烃网片的阻燃剂/复丝纤维和织物   130/100     90/100   180/100    110/100   153/100   143/100   68/100   79/100
                                                   表2
  对比例1   对比例2   对比例3   对比例4   对比例5   对比例6
乙烯-甲基丙烯酸金属离子共聚物S-300 100 100 100 100 100 100
S-650
乙烯基α-烯烃共聚物A-100
红磷Nova Excel 140   0.86   12.8   -   4.3   -   4.3
红磷Nova Red 120
多磷酸铵A   34.3   8.6   34.3   -   -   34.3
多磷酸铵B
三氧化锑   28.6   28.6   28.6
十溴二苯醚   -   -   34.3
氢氧化铵C
氢氧化镁D
异丙醇   28.5   28.5   28.5   28.5   28.5   28.5
水   143   143   143   143   143   143
水分散体的粘度(CP)   2030   1450   2180   1270   1060   2140
复丝纤维的纤度(De)   1750   1750   1750   1750   1750   1750
织物的纬纱数/厘米   52   52   52   52   52   52
织物的经纱数/厘米   52   52   52   52   52   52
织物重量(克/米2)   -   -   -   -   -   -
涂层纱纤度(De)和涂层织物重量   4010   3940   4120   3830   3940   2538
用于烯烃网片的阻燃剂/复丝纤维和织物   129/100   125/100   135/100   119/100   125/100   45/100
                                          表3
实施例1   实施例2   实施例3   实施例4   实施例5   实施例6   实施例7   实施例8
燃烧试验1)2分钟或1分钟燃烧
碳化面积(厘米2) 9   11   6   11   10   11   12   8
残焰(秒) 0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
余辉(秒) 0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
2)着火后6秒或3秒
碳化面积(厘米2) 7   9   6   8   8   8   6   7
残焰(秒) 0   1   0   3   2   0   3   3
余辉(秒) 0   1   0   3   2   0   3   3
3)火焰接触次数 4   4   5   4   4   4   4   3
卤素气体(HBr)量(毫克/克) 0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
抗拉强度(经纱/纬纱)(千克/3厘米) 217/215   215/217   220/218   215/217   212/213   218/222   225/223   62/61
拉伸伸长(经纱/纬纱)(％) 24/23   23/22   24/24   24/24   24/25   24/23   22/24   23/22
韧性(经纱/纬纱)(强度×伸长) 10416/9890   9890/9548   10560/10464   10320/10416   10176/10650   10464/10212   9900/10704   2852/2684
落下冲击强度(贯通试验)m 8   7   8   8   8   8   6   2
                                           表4
  对比例1 对比例2 对比例3 对比例4 对比例5 对比例6
燃烧试验1)2分钟或1分钟燃烧
碳化面积(厘米2)   全部燃烧 全部燃烧 全部燃烧 全部燃烧 9 全部燃烧
残焰(秒)   - - - - 0 -
余辉(秒)   - - - - 0 -
2)着火后6秒或3秒
碳化面积(厘米2)   全部燃烧 全部燃烧 全部燃烧 全部燃烧 8 全部燃烧
残焰(秒)   - - - - 0 -
余辉(秒)   - - - - 0 -
3)火焰接触次数   - - - - 4 -
卤素气体(HBr)量(毫克/克)   0 0 0 0 32 0
抗拉强度(经纱/纬纱)(千克/3厘米)   221/220 217/215 218/215 217/218 218/217 218/216
拉伸伸长(经纱/纬纱)(％)   22/23 24/22 23/24 23/23 23/24 23/24
韧性(经纱/纬纱)(强度×伸长)   9724/10120 10416/9890 10028/10320 9982/10028 10028/10416 10028/10368
落下冲击强度(贯通试验)m   - - - - 8 -
(1)上表中每种组合物的用量是固体含量为35％重量或27％重量的乙烯-甲基丙烯酸金属离子共聚物和固体含量为40％重量的乙烯基α-烯烃共聚物水分散体的重量份总和。当分散体中树脂固体含量为100时，其它组分用重量份表示。
(2)实施例7和8中涂层织物值的单位为克/米2。
(3)实施例7和8中复丝纤维×纤维数目分别为750×3和250×1。
(4)实施例4、7和8以及对比例4和6中的燃烧试验根据A-1方法进行，在该方法中，加热进行1分钟，3秒钟后产生火焰。
(5)A是TERRAJU-60(购自Chisso Co.)。
(6)B是Hostafuram AP 462(购自Hoechst Japan Limited)。
(7)C是Hijilite H-42M(购自Showa Denko Co.)。
(8)D是Kisuma-5(购自Kyowa Kagaku Co.)。
(9)涂层纱和涂层织物的纤度(De)一栏中数字表示实施例7和8中的涂层织物和其它实施例中的涂层纱。
表1和表2中烯烃阻燃剂/复丝纤维和织物的重量用克/米2表示。
性能的测量方法
1.粘度测量方法
BM型粘度计、6号转子、转速为12转/分、25℃
2.燃烧试验
按JIS L-1091进行测量
A-1方法(45℃，微灯法)
A-2方法(45℃，meckel灯法)
D法(火焰接触次数)
3.抗拉强度试验
按JIS L-1068进行测量
4.产生的HBr气体量
取0.5克试样。将该试样放入燃烧管，在350-400℃预热5分钟，在800±30℃后加热30分钟。将燃烧气体取样到装有1/10N NaOH溶液的烧瓶中。用离子色谱法测量该溶液中所含的HBr量。
5.落下冲击强度(贯通性试验)
按JIS-8952进行测量。
对于多层房屋所用的防火网片和防散落防火网片，该试验中使用外径为48.6毫米、厚度为2.5毫米和重量为2.7千克的钢管。
本发明的防火网片具有优良的耐火性和令人满意的落下冲击强度，而且在燃烧时不会产生有害的卤素气体。

Claims (10)

1.用于网片的阻燃剂，其特征在于按100重量份树脂固体含量为20-45％重量的聚烯烃树脂水分散体中所含的固体计，含有1.5-15重量份红磷和10-70重量份多磷酸铵化合物，聚烯烃树脂的水分散体中所述聚烯烃树脂是90-10％重量乙烯-甲基丙烯酸金属离子交联共聚物和10-90％重量乙烯基α-烯烃共聚物的混合物。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于网片的阻燃剂，其特征在于所述的红磷是用胶囊封闭的。
3.如权利要求1所述的用于网片的阻燃剂，其特征在于所述的多磷酸铵化合物是用胶囊封闭的。
4.如权利要求1所述的用于网片的阻燃剂，其特征在于按100重量份聚烯烃树脂的水分散体中所含的固体计，它还包括60-150重量份的金属氢氧化物。
5.如权利要求4所述的用于网片的阻燃剂，其特征在于所述的金属氢氧化物是氢氧化镁和/或氢氧化铝。
6.一种防火网片，其特征在于它用如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的用于网片的阻燃剂浸涂，然后加热和织造。
7.如权利要求6所述的防火网片，其特征在于它的复丝纤维的折合单丝纤度为3-17旦，总纤度为1000-4500旦，抗拉强度为6-10g/旦，断裂强度为14-45％。
8.一种防火网片，其特征在于它用如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的用于网片的阻燃剂浸涂由复丝纤维织造的网片织物，然后进行加热。
9.如权利要求8所述的防火网片，其特征在于由复丝纤维织造的网片织物是通过使折合单丝纤度为2-13旦、总纤度为150-2500旦、抗拉强度为6-10g/旦、断裂强度为14-45％的1-4根合成纤维平行，然后用织机纱罗织造而制成，网长为10-140经/10厘米和10-140纬/10厘米。
10.如权利要求6-9中任一项所述的防火网片，其特征在于按100重量份复丝纤维或由复丝纤维织造的网片织物计，如权利要求1-5中任一项所述阻燃剂用于浸涂网片织物的用量为60-350重量份。
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JPH1136602A (ja) 1999-02-09
US20010027733A1 (en) 2001-10-11
US6495210B2 (en) 2002-12-17
US6248160B1 (en) 2001-06-19
NL1009682C2 (nl) 1999-06-29
US6379793B2 (en) 2002-04-30
CN1268518A (zh) 2000-10-04
US6383957B2 (en) 2002-05-07
US20010031316A1 (en) 2001-10-18
JP3340946B2 (ja) 2002-11-05
US20010026842A1 (en) 2001-10-04
NL1009682A1 (nl) 1999-01-19

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CI01 Publication of corrected invention patent application

Correction item: Co-applicant

Correct: Saiji Nosaki

Number: 40

Page: 42

Volume: 16

Correction item: Address

Correct: Toyama County

Number: 40

Page: 42

Volume: 16

Correction item: Applicant

Correct: Nippon Union K. K.

False: Nippon Union K. K.

Number: 40

Page: 42

Volume: 16

CI02 Correction of invention patent application

Correction item: Co-applicant

Correct: Saiji Nosaki

Number: 40

Page: The title page

Volume: 16

Correction item: Address

Correct: Toyama County

Number: 40

Page: The title page

Volume: 16

Correction item: Applicant

Correct: Nippon Union K. K.

False: Nippon Union K. K.

Number: 40

Page: The title page

Volume: 16

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