CN113197311B - 一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113197311B CN113197311B CN202010635622.7A CN202010635622A CN113197311B CN 113197311 B CN113197311 B CN 113197311B CN 202010635622 A CN202010635622 A CN 202010635622A CN 113197311 B CN113197311 B CN 113197311B
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- acid bacteria
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Abstract
本发明涉及功能性食品领域,具体涉及一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法,该乳酸菌组合物包括:嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)MN002,已保藏于中国普通微生物菌种保藏中心,其保藏编号是CGMCC NO.3817;还包括其他活性物质,该乳酸菌组合物不仅对便秘和结肠炎具有显著的疗效,而且能够靶向改善多种便秘和结肠炎特征性的肠道相关菌群,提升多种有益菌丰度,降低多种有害菌丰度,维持肠道菌群的平衡,从根本上极大提高了恢复肠道菌群的健康化、多样化,具有食用方便、治疗简单、缓解率高、无毒副作用的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及功能性食品领域,具体涉及一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
炎症性肠病(IBD)是一种世界性流行病,主要包括溃疡性结肠炎和克罗恩病等。便秘指非全身疾病或肠道疾病所引起的原发性持续性便秘,与生活规律改变、情绪抑制、饮食因素、排便习惯不良等多种因素相关。肠道菌群紊乱、菌群多样性降低是导致便秘和炎症性肠病发生的主要因素。与正常人的肠道菌群比较,便秘患者肠道菌群的改变主要表现为专性厌氧菌相对减少(如乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、拟杆菌属等)和潜在致病菌相对增多(如铜绿假单胞菌、空肠弯曲菌、腐败梭菌等)。与正常人的肠道菌群比较,IBD患者肠道中的致病菌如肠球菌、拟杆菌类等数量及比例明显增多,而乳杆菌及双歧杆菌等有益菌减少。正常人肠道内厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、变形菌门和放线菌门占90%以上,结肠炎患者中的肠道菌群多样性下降,导致有益菌多样性和丰度减少,而条件致病菌和有害菌所占比例增大。
传统的便秘治疗和炎症性肠病治疗均无法靶向作用于肠道内与疾病相关的特征菌群,具有安全性低、疗效差、病情易反复等缺陷。因此,提供一种能够靶向作用于肠道内与疾病相关的特征菌群的食品,对于改善便秘和结肠炎等与肠道菌群异常的疾病具有重要意义。
发明内容
因此,本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中便秘治疗和炎症性肠病治疗无法靶向作用于肠道内与疾病相关的特征菌群而使得其对于肠道菌群多样性的恢复能力低下,导致安全性低、疗效差、病情易反复的问题,从而提供一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法。
本发明提供了一种乳酸菌组合物,包括,嗜热链球菌(Streptococcusthermophilus)MN002,已保藏于中国普通微生物菌种保藏中心,其保藏编号是CGMCCNO.3817,还包括其他活性物质。
进一步地,所述其他活性物质选自其他乳酸菌、益生元和果蔬粉中的至少一种。
进一步地,所述其他乳酸菌为副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)Lc19和/或动物双歧杆菌乳亚种(Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.lactis)MN-Gup,所述副干酪乳杆菌Lc19已保藏于中国普通微生物菌种保藏中心,其保藏编号是CGMCC NO.17827,所述动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup已保藏于中国普通微生物菌种保藏中心,其保藏编号是CGMCCNO.15578。
进一步地,按重量份数计,包括:
嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉,1-50份;
副干酪乳杆菌Lc19灭活菌粉,0-50份;
动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup灭活菌粉,0-50份。
进一步地,所述嗜热链球菌MN002菌粉的菌数为2×1010-6×1011个/g,所述副干酪乳杆菌Lc19菌粉的菌数为1×1010-5×1011个/g,所述动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup菌粉的菌数为1×1010-5×1011个/g
进一步地,所述嗜热链球菌Mn 002菌粉为灭活菌粉,副干酪乳杆菌Lc19菌粉为灭活菌粉,所述动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup菌粉为灭活菌粉。
进一步地,所述益生元选自水苏糖、棉籽糖、低聚半乳糖、低聚果糖、菊粉、果蔬粉和抗性糊精中的至少一种;和/或,所述果蔬粉选自南瓜粉、蓝莓粉、山楂粉、大枣粉、沙棘粉、木瓜粉、桑葚粉和草莓粉中的至少一种。
进一步地,还包括乳粉和/或食品添加剂。
进一步地,所述食品添加剂包括二氧化硅;和/或所述乳粉选自脱脂乳粉、全脂乳粉、高钙乳粉、低糖乳粉中的至少一种。
进一步地,包括如下重量份数的组分:
脱脂乳粉,0-60份;
低聚半乳糖,0-80份;
水苏糖,0-113份;
棉籽糖,0-50份;
抗性糊精,0-150份;
南瓜粉,0-40份;
二氧化硅,0-20份。
进一步地,包括如下重量份数的组分:
嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉,10-40份;
副干酪乳杆菌Lc19灭活菌粉,4-20份;
动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup灭活菌粉,2-20份;
水苏糖,30-60份;
脱脂乳粉,30-60份;
菊粉,30-100份;
棉籽糖,10-20份;
果蔬粉,20-40份;
低聚果糖,10-30份;
抗性糊精,50-120份;
二氧化硅,0.2-1份。
本发明还提供了一种乳酸菌组合物的制备方法,包括按照选定的重量份数称取各组分,然后混合均匀。
进一步地,包括如下步骤:
称取菊粉、脱脂乳粉和/或南瓜粉,并混合均匀记为A料;
称取剩余部分抗性糊精与嗜热链球菌MN002菌粉、副干酪乳杆菌Lc19菌粉和动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup菌粉并混合均匀记为B料;
称取水苏糖、低聚果糖、棉籽糖、部分抗性糊精和二氧化硅并与A料、B料混合均匀。
抗性糊精具有抗消化酶作用特性,由于在消化道中不会被消化吸收,可以直接进入大肠,因此,它发挥着膳食纤维的各种生理作用,因为其高消化耐受性、低血糖指数、低胰岛素指数、低热量、易溶解等特性,可起到降血糖、降血脂以及养护肠道等作用。
本发明还提供了上述所述的乳酸菌组合物或者上述所述制备方法制得的乳酸菌组合物具有如下的(1)-(6)项中的至少一项用途:
(1)在制备调节便秘特征肠道菌群的产品中的用途;
(2)在制备预防、缓解或改善便秘的产品中的用途;
(3)在制备调节结肠炎特征肠道菌群的产品中的用途;
(4)在制备抑制促炎因子TNF-α、IFN-γ和IL-6的表达的产品中的用途;
(5)在制备促进抗炎因子IL-4和IL-10的表达的产品中的用途;
(6)在制备预防、缓解或改善炎症性肠病的产品中的用途。
进一步地,所述调节便秘特征肠道菌群是指提高便秘特征肠道菌群中有益菌属Prevotella_9、Dorea、Anaerostipes、Ruminococcus_2、Blautia、Bifidobacterium、unclassified_f__Lachnospira、[Eubacterium]_hallii_group和/或Roseburia的丰度;抑制便秘特征肠道菌群中有害菌属Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003、Alistipes、[Ruminococcus]_torques_group和/或[Ruminococcus]_gnavus_group的丰度;
所述的预防、缓解或改善便秘是指提高排便次数,改善排便状况和/或改善粪便性状;
所述炎症性肠病为结肠炎和/或克罗恩病;
所述调节结肠炎特征肠道菌群是指提高结肠炎特征肠道菌群中有益菌属norank_f_Muribaculaceae、Prevotellaceae_UCG-001、Alloprevotella、Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014、Lactobacillus、Muribaculum、Unclassified_f_Ruminococcaceae和/或Akkermansia的丰度;抑制结肠炎特征肠道菌群中有害菌属Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group、Alistipes、Bacteroides、Odoribacter和/或Erysipelatoclostridium的丰度。
进一步地,所述便秘为功能性便秘;所述结肠炎为溃疡性结肠炎。
本发明技术方案,具有如下优点:
1.本发明提供的一种乳酸菌组合物,包括:嗜热链球菌(Streptococcusthermophilus)MN002,已保藏于中国普通微生物菌种保藏中心,其保藏编号是CGMCCNO.3817,还包括其他活性物质,该乳酸菌组合物不仅对便秘和结肠炎具有显著的疗效,而且能够靶向改善多种便秘和结肠炎特征性的肠道相关菌群,提升多种有益菌丰度,降低多种有害菌丰度,维持肠道菌群的平衡,从根本上极大提高了恢复肠道菌群的健康化、多样化的能力,具有食用方便、治疗简单、缓解率高、无毒副作用的优点。
2.本发明提供的一种乳酸菌组合物,还包括其他乳酸菌,所述其他乳酸菌为副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)Lc19和/或动物双歧杆菌乳亚种(Bifidobacteriumanimalis subsp.lactis)MN-Gup,嗜热链球菌MN002与副干酪乳杆菌Lc19或者动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup能够协同发挥作用,改善便秘和结肠炎特征性的肠道相关菌群更显著,进一步提升改善便秘和结肠炎的效果。
3.本发明提供的一种的乳酸菌组合物,包括:按重量份计:嗜热链球菌MN002菌粉,1-50份;副干酪乳杆菌Lc19菌粉,1-50份;动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup菌粉,1-50份,按上述配比,嗜热链球菌MN002菌粉、副干酪乳杆菌Lc19菌粉和动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup菌粉相互协同作用强,改善便秘和结肠炎特征性的肠道相关菌群更显著,进一步提升改善便秘和结肠炎的效果。
4.本发明提供的一种乳酸菌组合物,所述嗜热链球菌MN002菌粉为灭活菌粉,副干酪乳杆菌Lc19菌粉为灭活菌粉,所述动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup菌粉为灭活菌粉,具有优良的耐热性和pH稳定性,易加工,不受食品形式限制,而且含菌量稳定,品质易控制,且不污染生产线;此外还不用冷藏,不受生产、运输等外界条件影响;不受抗生素影响,且无耐药基因转移风险。
5.本发明提供的一种乳酸菌组合物,还包括益生元,所述益生元选自水苏糖、棉籽糖、低聚半乳糖、低聚果糖、菊粉、果蔬粉和抗性糊精中的至少一种,选择上述益生元可以使乳酸菌组合物中的营养物质更加丰富和多样化,对改善便秘和结肠炎也具有一定的辅助作用。
6.本发明提供的一种乳酸菌组合物,包括如下重量份的组分:嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉,10-40份;副干酪乳杆菌Lc19灭活菌粉,4-20份;动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup灭活菌粉,2-20份;水苏糖,30-60份;脱脂乳粉,3-60份;菊粉,30-100份;棉籽糖,10-20份;南瓜粉,20-40份;低聚果糖,10-30份;抗性糊精,30-150份和二氧化硅,0.2-1份;上述组合物比例恰当,改善便秘和结肠炎特征性的肠道相关菌群更显著,进一步提升改善便秘和结肠炎的效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为实验例2中正常组小鼠的结肠组织切片的HE染色;
图2为实验例2中模型组小鼠的结肠组织切片的HE染色;
图3为实验例2中低剂量组小鼠的结肠组织切片的HE染色;
图4为实验例2中高剂量组小鼠的结肠组织切片的HE染色;
图5是实验例2中MN002组小鼠的结肠组织切片的HE染色。
具体实施方式
提供下述实施例是为了更好地进一步理解本发明,并不局限于所述最佳实施方式,不对本发明的内容和保护范围构成限制,任何人在本发明的启示下或是将本发明与其他现有技术的特征进行组合而得出的任何与本发明相同或相近似的产品,均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例中未注明具体实验步骤或条件者,按照本领域内的文献所描述的常规实验步骤的操作或条件即可进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规试剂产品。
本发明中的副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)Lc19、嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)MN002和动物双歧杆菌乳亚种(Bifidobacteriumanimalis subsp.lactis)MN-Gup,均保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(中国普通微生物菌种保藏中心),保藏地址为中国北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,中国科学院微生物研究所,保藏编号分别是CGMCC NO.17827、CGMCC NO.3817和CGMCCNO.15578,副干酪乳杆菌Lc19的保藏日期是2019年05月20日、嗜热链球菌MN002的保藏日期是2010年05月07日,动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup的保藏日期是2018年04月10日。嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)MN002又名嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)MN-ZLW-002。
本发明中的动物双歧杆菌乳亚种(Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.lactis)MN-Gup已保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,其保藏编号为CGMCCNo.15578,保藏日期是2018年4月10日。在本发明中,将动物双歧杆菌乳亚种(Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.lactis)MN-Gup。
下述实施例中的嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)MN002灭活菌粉的制备方法如下:
向MRS培养基中接种嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)MN002(保藏编号是CGMCC NO.3817),接种量为2%,37℃下静置培养18h,培养至对数期,活菌数达到109cfu/mL以上,转速为8000rpm下离心,收集湿菌体,加入上述菌体保护剂溶液,菌体保护剂溶液加入质量为湿菌体质量的3倍,得到浓缩菌液,将浓缩菌液在70℃下真空干燥得到MN002灭活菌粉,其中MN002灭活菌粉的菌数为4×1011个/g。
下述实施例中的动物双歧杆菌乳亚种(Bifidobacterium animalissubsp.lactis)MN-Gup灭活菌粉的制备方法如下:
向MRS培养基中接种动物双歧杆菌乳亚种(Bifidobacterium animalissubsp.lactis)MN-Gup(保藏编号是CGMCC NO.15578,接种量为2%,37℃下静置培养18h,培养至对数期,活菌数达到109cfu/mL以上,转速为8000rpm下离心,收集湿菌体,加入上述菌体保护剂溶液,菌体保护剂溶液加入质量为湿菌体质量的3倍,得到浓缩菌液,将浓缩菌液在70℃下真空干燥,得到MN-Gup灭活菌粉,其中MN-Gup灭活菌粉的菌数为3×1011个/g。
下述实施例中的副干酪乳杆菌Lc19灭活菌粉的制备方法如下:
向MRS培养基中接种副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)Lc19(保藏编号是CGMCC NO.17827),接种量为2%,37℃下静置培养16h,培养至对数期,活菌数达到109cfu/mL,转速为8000rpm下离心,收集湿菌体,加入上述菌体保护剂溶液,菌体保护剂溶液加入质量为湿菌体质量的5倍,得到浓缩菌液,将浓缩菌液在70℃下真空干燥,得到Lc19灭活菌粉,其中Lc19灭活菌粉的活菌数为5×1011个/g。
其中菌体保护剂溶液的组成是:脱脂乳8g、海藻糖5g、甘油5g、维生素C0.05g、蒸馏水81.95g。
MRS培养基的组成是:大豆蛋白胨10g、牛肉膏5g、酵母粉5g、葡萄糖20g、吐温801ml、磷酸二氢钠2g、无水乙酸钠5g、柠檬酸三胺2g、硫酸锰0.02g、硫酸镁0.1g和蒸馏水1L,调pH至6.2,加入琼脂15g,在121℃下灭菌15min。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法,该乳酸菌组合物的原料配方如下表1所示:
表1乳酸菌组合物配方
制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)按照配方量称取菊粉、脱脂乳粉和南瓜粉,并混合均匀记为A料;
(2)称取1.2g抗性糊精与配方量的嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉、副干酪乳杆菌Lc19灭活菌粉和动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup灭活菌粉并混合均匀记为B料;
(3)按照配方量分别称取水苏糖、低聚果糖、棉籽糖、剩余部分抗性糊精和二氧化硅,并与将A料、B料混合均匀,即得。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法,该乳酸菌组合物的原料配方如下表2所示:
表2乳酸菌组合物配方
制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)按照配方量称取菊粉、脱脂乳粉和南瓜粉,并混合均匀记为A料;
(2)称取0.56g抗性糊精与配方量的嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉、副干酪乳杆菌Lc19灭活菌粉和动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup灭活菌粉并混合均匀记为B料;
(3)按照配方量分别称取水苏糖、低聚果糖、棉籽糖、剩余部分抗性糊精和二氧化硅,并与将A料、B料混合均匀,即得。
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法,该乳酸菌组合物的原料配方如下表3所示:
表3乳酸菌组合物配方
制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)按照配方量称取菊粉、脱脂乳粉和南瓜粉,并混合均匀记为A料;
(2)称取0.6g抗性糊精与配方量的嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉和副干酪乳杆菌Lc19灭活菌粉并混合均匀记为B料;
(3)按照配方量分别称取水苏糖、低聚果糖、棉籽糖、剩余部分抗性糊精和二氧化硅,并与将A料、B料混合均匀,即得。
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法,该乳酸菌组合物的原料配方如下表4所示:
表4乳酸菌组合物配方
制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)按照配方量称取菊粉、脱脂乳粉和南瓜粉,并混合均匀记为A料;
(2)称取0.6g抗性糊精与配方量的嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉和动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup灭活菌粉并混合均匀记为B料;
(3)按照配方量分别称取水苏糖、低聚果糖、棉籽糖、剩余部分抗性糊精和二氧化硅,并与将A料、B料混合均匀,即得。
实施例5
本实施例提供了一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法,该乳酸菌组合物的原料配方如下表5所示:
表5乳酸菌组合物配方
制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)按照配方量称取菊粉、脱脂乳粉和南瓜粉,并混合均匀记为A料;
(2)称取0.6g抗性糊精与配方量的嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉并混合均匀记为B料;
(3)按照配方量分别称取水苏糖、低聚果糖、棉籽糖、剩余部分抗性糊精和二氧化硅,并与将A料、B料混合均匀,即得。
实施例6
本实施例提供了一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法,该乳酸菌组合物的原料配方如下表6所示:
表6乳酸菌组合物配方
制备方法包括如下步骤:按照配方量称取嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉、副干酪乳杆菌Lc19灭活菌粉和动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup灭活菌粉并混合均匀,即得。
实施例7
本实施例提供了一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法,该乳酸菌组合物的原料配方如下表7所示:
表7乳酸菌组合物配方
制备方法包括如下步骤:按照配方量称取嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉、副干酪乳杆菌Lc19灭活菌粉和动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup灭活菌粉并混合均匀,即得。
实施例8
本实施例提供了一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法,该乳酸菌组合物的原料配方如下表8所示:
表8乳酸菌组合物配方
制备方法包括如下步骤:按照配方量称取嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉、副干酪乳杆菌Lc19灭活菌粉和动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup灭活菌粉并混合均匀,即得。
实施例9
本实施例提供了一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法,该乳酸菌组合物的原料配方如下表9所示:
表9乳酸菌组合物配方
制备方法包括如下步骤:按照配方量称取嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉和副干酪乳杆菌Lc19灭活菌粉并混合均匀,即得。
实施例10
本实施例提供了一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法,该乳酸菌组合物的原料配方如下表10所示:
表10乳酸菌组合物配方
制备方法包括如下步骤:按照配方量称取嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉和动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup灭活菌粉并混合均匀,即得。
实施例11
本实施例提供了一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法,该乳酸菌组合物的原料配方如下表11所示:
表11乳酸菌组合物配方
制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)按照配方量称取菊粉、脱脂乳粉和南瓜粉,并混合均匀记为A料;
(2)称取配方量的嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉、副干酪乳杆菌Lc19灭活菌粉和动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup灭活菌粉并混合均匀记为B料;
(3)按照配方量分别称取水苏糖、低聚果糖、棉籽糖和二氧化硅,并与将A料、B料混合均匀,即得。
实施例12
本实施例提供了一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法,该乳酸菌组合物的原料配方如下表12所示:
表12乳酸菌组合物配方
制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)按照配方量称取菊粉、脱脂乳粉和南瓜粉,并混合均匀记为A料;
(2)称取0.6g抗性糊精与配方量的嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉、副干酪乳杆菌Lc19灭活菌粉和动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup灭活菌粉并混合均匀记为B料;
(3)按照配方量分别称取水苏糖、低聚果糖、棉籽糖、剩余部分抗性糊精和二氧化硅,并与将A料、B料混合均匀,即得。
实施例13
本实施例提供了一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法,该乳酸菌组合物的原料配方如下表13所示:
表13乳酸菌组合物配方
制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)按照配方量称取脱脂乳粉,记为A料;
(2)称取0.05g抗性糊精与配方量的嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉、副干酪乳杆菌Lc19灭活菌粉和动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup灭活菌粉并混合均匀记为B料;
(3)按照配方量分别称取水苏糖、低聚果糖、棉籽糖、剩余部分抗性糊精和二氧化硅,并与将A料、B料混合均匀,即得。
实施例14
本实施例提供了一种乳酸菌组合物及其制备方法,该乳酸菌组合物的原料配方如下表14所示:
表14乳酸菌组合物配方
制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)按照配方量称取菊粉、脱脂乳粉和南瓜粉,并混合均匀记为A料;
(2)称取0.06g抗性糊精与配方量的嗜热链球菌MN002灭活菌粉、副干酪乳杆菌Lc19灭活菌粉并混合均匀记为B料;
(3)按照配方量分别称取水苏糖、低聚果糖和剩余部分抗性糊精,并与将A料、B料混合均匀,即得。
实验例1临床实验
1、实验者与食用方案
招募患有便秘疾病的受试者210人为研究对象,纳入者标准如下:
(1)年龄18-65岁者;(2)每周大便次数3-4次者;(3)长期或间歇性便秘、大便不成形者优先;(4)排便次数不规律者优先;(5)肠胃敏感或有胃肠道疾病者优先。每个年龄段人数尽量保持均衡,以保证组内可比性。
将受试者随机分为三组,每组70人,分别为低剂量组、高剂量组和MN002组,其中,低剂量组:食用本申请实施例1的乳酸菌组合物,每日2次,每人每日服用量服用2g,口服;高剂量组:食用本申请实施例2的乳酸菌组合物,每日2次,每人每日服用量服用2g;MN002组服用上述实施例2采用的MN002灭活菌粉,每日2次,每次0.25g,低剂量组、高剂量组和MN002组均为口服给药,连续服用21天。
2、实验方法
(1)排便状况观察
记录各组患者每日排便次数和排便状况,并观察粪便性状,并对排便状况和分别性质按下述方法进行统计积分。
将排便状况根据排便困难程度(腹痛或肛门烧灼感、下坠感、不适感,有否便频但排便困难而量少等症状)分为I-IV级,统计积分值,I级(0分):排便正常。II级(1分):仅有下坠感、不适感。III级(2分):下坠感、不适感明显,或有便频但排便困难而量少,较少出现腹痛或肛门烧灼感。IV级(3分):经常出现腹痛或肛门烧灼感,影响排便。将粪便性状根据布里斯托(Bristol)粪便性状分类法分为I-III级,统计积分值:I级(0分):像香肠或蛇,平滑而且软;像香肠,但在它的表面有裂痕;软的团块,有明显的边缘(容易排出)。II级(1分):香肠形状,但有团块;松散的块状,边缘粗糙,像泥浆状的粪便。III级(2分):分离的硬团,像果核(不易排出)。
(2)靶向改善便秘特征肠道菌群的验证
肠道菌群检测:分别取各组受试者食用乳酸菌组合物之前(干预前,记为0天)的新鲜粪便样品和各组受试者食用乳酸菌组合物21天后(干预后,记为21天)的新鲜粪便样品,按照《保健食品检验与评价技术规范(2003年版)》检测肠道菌群,对粪便内双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、肠球菌、肠杆菌、拟杆菌和产气荚膜梭菌进行计数,并委托上海美吉生物DNA测序公司通过16s rDNA测序(Illumina Miseq平台高通量基因组测序)对上述粪便样品进行测试,以确定和重点分析便秘肠道菌群的特征性变化。
3、实验结果
(1)对排便状况的影响
排便次数、排便状况积分、粪便性状积分是能反应便秘状况的有效指标,下表为受试者在服用乳酸菌组合物前(干预前,第0天)以及连续服用21天乳酸菌组合物(干预后,第21天)的排便次数、排便状况和粪便性状的统计结果,如表15所示,试食后与试食前比较,排便次数极显著增加(P<0.001),最后一次排便状况积分极显著降低(P<0.01),最后一次粪便性状积分极显著降低(P<0.01)。上述结果表明本发明乳酸菌组合物有利于提高排便次数,减少排便不适,形成软便改善粪便的质量。
(2)对便秘特征肠道菌群的影响
由表16可以看出,便秘人群试食本发明的乳酸菌组合物后,粪便中乳酸菌双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的数量与试食前相比显著增加(P<0.05),有害菌肠杆菌的数量显著减少(P<0.05),其他细菌的数量与试食前相比没有显著差异(P>0.05)。
表16乳酸菌组合物对便秘人群粪便中五种细菌的影响
便秘人群与健康人群相比,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)丰度减少、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)丰度增加、变形菌门丰度减少(Proteobacteria)。由表17所示,食用乳酸菌组合物后,三种优势菌门均趋于向健康人群转变,乳酸菌组合物减少了便秘人群的厚壁菌门丰度,增加了拟杆菌门和变形菌门的丰度。
表17乳酸菌组合物对便秘人群优势菌门的影响
选取与便秘相关的9种有益菌属,便秘人群与健康人群相比,下述9种有益菌属的丰度均有不同程度的降低,从表18可以看出,本发明乳酸菌组合物提升了7个与便秘相关有益菌的丰度。
表18乳酸菌组合物对便秘人群粪便中便秘相关有益菌水平的影响
选取与便秘相关的4种有害菌属,便秘人群与健康人群相比,下述4种有害菌属的丰度均有不同程度的提升,从表19可以看出,本发明乳酸菌组合物降低了4个与便秘相关有益菌的丰度。
表19乳酸菌组合物对便秘人群粪便中肠道便秘相关有害菌的影响
本发明中便秘特征肠道菌群的有益菌属和有害菌属可以参照下述文献:Huang,Lin Sheng,et al(2018).Analysis of fecal microbiota in patients withfunctional constipation undergoing treatment with synbiotics.European Journalof Clinical Microbiology&Infectious Diseases Official Publication of theEuropean Society of Clinical Microbiology 37.3.
ParthasarathyG,Chen J,Chen X et al(2016)Relationship betweenmicrobiota of the colonic mucosa vs feces and symptoms,colonic transit,andmethane production in female patients with chronicconstipation.Gastroenterology 150(2):367–379.
Khalif IL,Quigley EM,Konovitch EA,Maximova ID(2005)Alterations in thecolonic flora and intestinal permeability and evidence of immune activationin chronic constipation.Dig Liver Dis 37(11):838–849.
综上所述,本发明制得的乳酸菌组合物能靶向提升与便秘相关的有益菌群的丰度,抑制与便秘相关的炎症性有害菌群丰度,维持肠道菌群的平衡,恢复肠道菌群的健康化,达到显著改善患者便秘情况的效果,显著提高便秘人群的排便次数及改善排便性状。
实验例2动物实验
1、试验方法
(1)实验动物与分组处理
8周龄SPF级BALB/c野生型雄性小鼠,19±1g,自由饮水和采食,适应1周。适应期结束后将小鼠随机分为4组,每组10只,分别为对照组、DSS阳性对照组、低剂量组、高剂量组和MN002组,除正常组外,其他各组按照如下处理,其中,低剂量组灌胃给予本实施例1的乳酸菌组合物,高剂量组灌胃给予本实施例2的乳酸菌组合物,MN002组灌胃给予实施例1采用的MN002灭活菌粉。按照乳酸菌组合物或者MN002灭活菌粉的质量计,给予剂量分别为0.03g/kg小鼠体重。灌胃给予前分别将0.03g上述供试样品溶于20mL生理盐水中,每只小鼠灌胃体积为0.4mL/20g·BW。正常组和DSS阳性对照组灌胃给予相同体积的生理盐水,为期7天。从第8天开始,除正常组,DSS阳性对照组灌胃0.4mL生理盐水和同时自由饮用2.5%(w/v)DSS水溶液,自由饮用7天;而低剂量组、高剂量组和MN002组灌胃0.4mL各自产品的同时自由饮用2.5%(w/v)DSS水溶液,自由饮用7天,实验周期共14天。
2、实验方法
(1)对DSS致急性溃疡性结肠炎小鼠的表型影响
在实验期间,每日称量小鼠体重、进食量和饮水量,每日观察粪便样品便血和便质情况,并通过疾病活动指数(DAI)对各组小鼠实验第14天的粪便便血、便质和体重下降三项指标定量评分,具体评分标准见下表。
表20结肠炎疾病活动指数
(2)对DSS致急性溃疡性结肠炎小鼠肠道菌群的影响
在实验第14天收集各组小鼠的新鲜粪便样品,委托上海美吉生物DNA测序公司对粪便样品进行16SrRNA高通量测序,以测定本发明的酸奶对DSS致急性溃疡性结肠炎小鼠肠道菌群的影响。
(3)HE染色
在实验第14天处死小鼠,采用颈椎脱臼法处死,迅速取出结肠,纵向切开,PBS清洗,测量结肠长度。取实验小鼠远端结肠组织0.6cm,于PBS中清洗3次,将各组结肠样本依次编号,分别置于1.5ml的离心管中,倒入10%的福尔马林1ml常温放置24h,固定后,采用蒸馏水冲洗2-3次,以此除去渗入到结肠样本中多余的固定液,在50℃的恒温培养箱中,依次使用体积百分数为70%、80%的乙醇水溶液脱水90min,转至95%的乙醇水溶液中脱水1h,最后于无水乙醇中脱水2次,时间均为35min,将脱水后的组织样本移至无水乙醇与二甲苯(1:1)混合液中放置45min后,转至二甲苯中保持20min,直至结肠样本呈半透明状,透明后将切片移入二甲苯与石蜡混合液(1:1)中,60℃放置30min,再在熔化的石蜡中保持3h(每隔1h更换1次石蜡)后;采用镊子将其放置到盛有石蜡的模具,并进行包埋,在40℃的水浴锅中展开6μm厚的结肠组织石蜡包埋切片,贴至洁净的载玻片上,65℃烘箱中烤片1h,连续2次将切片移入二甲苯溶液,保持10min溶去切片上的石蜡。然后依次经由:二甲苯与无水乙醇(1:1)混合液-无水乙醇(2次)-95%乙醇-85%乙醇-70%乙醇各3min后,放入蒸馏水中浸5min,采用苏木素-伊红染液;苏木素8min-自来水冲刷-1%盐酸溶液30s-自来水20min-75%、85%乙醇中各5min-伊红2min-95%、无水乙醇2次各5min-无水乙醇与二甲苯混合液(1:1)、二甲苯3次各5min,然后在光镜下观察炎症浸润情况。
(4)炎症因子检测
实验结束后,对小鼠用乙醚麻醉摘眼球快速采集血液样本,采用TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-6,IL-4,IL-10ELISA检测试剂盒(均购自南京建成生物工程研究所)并按照试剂盒说明书的方法分别检测血清中TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-6,IL-4,IL-10水平。
2、试验结果
(1)各组结肠炎小鼠的DAI评分结果
从下表可以看出,模型组小鼠的DAI评分最高,显著高于对照组、低剂量组和高剂量组,低剂量组和高剂量组小鼠的DAI评分与模型组相比显著降低,且乳酸菌组合物对小鼠结肠炎的改善效果呈现剂量依赖性。
表21各组结肠炎小鼠DAI评分(n=9)
分组 | DAI(day14) |
对照组 | 0.12±0.15 |
模型组 | 2.63±0.28 |
低剂量组 | 1.81±0.23b |
高剂量组 | 1.72±0.24b |
MN002组 | 1.65±0.19b |
其中,b表示与模型组相比,p<0.05
(2)对结肠炎特征肠道菌群的影响
表22各组小鼠粪便肠道菌属中的有益菌属的相对丰度(%)
对相对丰度大于1%的菌属进行分析,各组各个菌属的相对丰度变化情况如表19所示,与结肠炎相关乳酸菌有8种,与对照组相比,模型组有7种含量降低,与模型组相比,低剂量组和高剂量组分别有7种有益菌丰度升高。
表23各组小鼠粪便肠道菌群中的有害菌属的相对丰度(%)
与结肠炎相关的有害菌有5种,与对照组相比,模型组有5种有害菌的丰度增加,而低剂量组和高剂量组均有5种有害菌的丰度降低。
本发明中结肠炎特征肠道菌群的有益菌属和有害菌属可以参照下述文献:NezarNoor Al-Hebshi,Akram Thabet Nasher,Mohamed Yousef Maryoud,et al.InflammatoryBacteriome Featuring Fusobacterium Nucleatum and Pseudomonas AeruginosaIdentified in Association With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma[J].Sci Rep.2017,7(1):1834.
Yi Cui,Hongyun Wei,Fanggen Lu,et al.Different Effects of ThreeSelected Lactobacillus Strains in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis inBALB/c Mice[J].PLoS One.2016,11(2):e0148241.
Yvonne Konkol,Anniina Keskitalo,Heikki Vuorikoski,et al.ChronicNonbacterial Prostate Inflammation in a Rat Model Is Associated With Changesof Gut Microbiota That Can Be Modified With a Galactoglucomannan-RichHemicellulose Extract in the Diet[J].BJU Int.2019,123(5):899-908.
Chien-Li Chen,Pei-Yu Hsu,Tzu-Ming Pan.Therapeutic Effects ofLactobacillus Paracasei Subsp.Paracasei NTU 101Powder on Dextran SulfateSodium-Induced Colitis in Mice[J].J Food Drug Anal.2019,27(1):83-92.
(3)对结肠组织切片的HE染色结果
如图1-5所示,对照组小鼠的结肠黏膜结构保持完整,隐窝正常,腺体排列整齐,未见黏膜溃烂,无炎性细胞的浸润。模型组小鼠的结肠黏膜组织结构损伤明显,光镜下可见黏膜严重缺损、出血,腺体、隐窝破坏,炎症细胞浸润严重,深度达整个黏膜层,部分小鼠累及黏膜下层,表明小鼠UC模型造模成功。低剂量组小鼠的组织黏膜层损伤,局部肠腺结构消失,被增生的结缔组织取代,伴有少量炎性细胞浸润。高剂量组小鼠的组织结构完整,上皮细胞形态正常,未见脱落,肠腺数量丰富,排列紧密,形态正常,肠腔内可见少量脱落的上皮样细胞。
综上,低剂量组和高剂量组均可有效保护结肠组织结构完整性,减少炎症细胞浸入。
(4)对炎症因子表达情况的影响
表24小鼠血清中炎症因子的表达情况
用ELISA法测定了小鼠血清中的的炎症因子水平,与对照相比,模型组中促炎因子TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-6的表达量显著升高,抗炎因子IL-4和IL-10的表达量显著下降。与模型组相比,低剂量组和高剂量组均显著下调促炎因子TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-6的表达量,上调抗炎因子IL-4和IL-10的表达量,从而显著小鼠体内的炎症水平。
综上所述,本发明制得的乳酸菌组合物,可以靶向性改善结肠炎特征肠道菌群,提升与结肠炎相关有益菌丰度,降低与结肠炎相关有害菌丰度,恢复肠道菌群的健康化,达到显著改善小鼠溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的效果;本发明制得的乳酸菌组合物,能通过降低促炎因子分泌,提升抗炎因子分泌,改善体内炎症状态;通过上调结肠组织紧密连接蛋白的表达,维持结肠组织的完整性。
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。
Claims (16)
1.一种乳酸菌组合物,其特征在于,包括嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)MN002,已保藏于中国普通微生物菌种保藏中心,其保藏编号是CGMCC NO.3817;还包括其他活性物质,所述其他活性物质包括副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)Lc19和动物双歧杆菌乳亚种(Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.lactis)MN-Gup中的一种或多种,所述副干酪乳杆菌Lc19已保藏于中国普通微生物菌种保藏中心,其保藏编号是CGMCCNO.17827,所述动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup已保藏于中国普通微生物菌种保藏中心,其保藏编号是CGMCC NO.15578,所述乳酸菌组合物按重量份计,包括:
嗜热链球菌MN002菌粉,1-50份;
副干酪乳杆菌Lc19菌粉,0-50份;
动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup菌粉,0-50份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的乳酸菌组合物,其特征在于,所述其他活性物质还包括益生元和果蔬粉中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的乳酸菌组合物,其特征在于,所述嗜热链球菌MN002菌粉的菌数为2×1010-6×1011个/g,所述副干酪乳杆菌Lc19菌粉的菌数为1×1010-5×1011个/g,所述动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup菌粉的菌数为1×1010-5×1011个/g。
4.根据权利要求1所述的乳酸菌组合物,其特征在于,所述嗜热链球菌MN002菌粉为灭活菌粉,副干酪乳杆菌Lc19菌粉为灭活菌粉,所述动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup菌粉为灭活菌粉。
5.根据权利要求2所述的乳酸菌组合物,其特征在于,所述益生元选自水苏糖、棉籽糖、低聚半乳糖、低聚果糖、菊粉和抗性糊精中的至少一种;和/或,所述果蔬粉选自南瓜粉、蓝莓粉、山楂粉、大枣粉、沙棘粉、木瓜粉、桑葚粉和草莓粉中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一所述的乳酸菌组合物,其特征在于,还包括乳粉和/或食品添加剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的乳酸菌组合物,其特征在于,所述食品添加剂包括二氧化硅;和/或,所述乳粉选自脱脂乳粉、全脂乳粉、高钙乳粉、低糖乳粉中的至少一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的乳酸菌组合物,其特征在于,包括如下重量份的组分:
脱脂乳粉,0-60份;
低聚果糖,0-80份;
水苏糖,0-113份;
棉籽糖,0-50份;
抗性糊精,0-150份;
果蔬粉,0-40份;
二氧化硅,0-20份。
9.根据权利要求1所述的乳酸菌组合物,其特征在于,包括如下重量份的组分:
嗜热链球菌MN002菌粉,10-40份;
副干酪乳杆菌Lc19菌粉,4-20份;
动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup菌粉,2-20份;
水苏糖,30-60份;
脱脂乳粉,30-60份;
菊粉,30-100份;
棉籽糖,10-20份;
南瓜粉,20-40份;
低聚果糖,10-30份;
抗性糊精,50-120份;
二氧化硅,0.2-1份。
10.一种权利要求1-9中任一所述的乳酸菌组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括按照选定的重量份数称取各组分,然后混合均匀。
11.一种权利要求1-7或9中任一所述的乳酸菌组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
称取菊粉、脱脂乳粉和南瓜粉,并混合均匀记为A料;
称取部分抗性糊精与嗜热链球菌MN002菌粉、副干酪乳杆菌Lc19菌粉和动物双歧杆菌乳亚种MN-Gup菌粉并混合均匀记为B料;
分别称取水苏糖、低聚果糖、棉籽糖、剩余部分抗性糊精和二氧化硅,并与A料、B料混合均匀。
12.权利要求1-9中任一所述的乳酸菌组合物或者权利要求10或11所述的制备方法制得的乳酸菌组合物具有如下的(1)-(6)项中的至少一项用途:
(1)在制备调节便秘特征肠道菌群的产品中的用途;
(2)在制备预防、缓解或改善便秘的产品中的用途;
(3)在制备调节结肠炎特征肠道菌群的产品中的用途;
(4)在制备抑制促炎因子TNF-α、IFN-γ和IL-6的表达的产品中的用途;
(5)在制备促进抗炎因子IL-4和IL-10的表达的产品中的用途;
(6)在制备预防、缓解或改善炎症性肠病的产品中的用途;嗜热链球菌(Streptococcusthermophilus)MN002已保藏于中国普通微生物菌种保藏中心,其保藏编号是CGMCCNO.3817。
13.根据权利要求12所述的用途,其特征在于,
所述调节便秘特征肠道菌群是指提高便秘特征肠道菌群中有益菌属Prevotella_9、Dorea、Anaerostipes、Ruminococcus_2、Blautia、Bifidobacterium、unclassified_f__Lachnospira、Eubacterium_hallii_group和/或Roseburia的丰度;抑制便秘特征肠道菌群中有害菌属Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003、Alistipes、Ruminococcus_torques_group和/或Ruminococcus_gnavus_group的丰度;
所述的预防、缓解或改善便秘是指提高排便次数,改善排便状况和/或改善粪便性状;
所述炎症性肠病为结肠炎和/或克罗恩病;
所述调节结肠炎特征肠道菌群是指提高结肠炎特征肠道菌群中有益菌属norank_f_Muribaculaceae、Prevotellaceae_UCG-001、Alloprevotella、Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014、Lactobacillus、Muribaculum、Unclassified_f_Ruminococcaceae和/或Akkermansia的丰度;抑制结肠炎特征肠道菌群中有害菌属Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group、Alistipes、Bacteroides、Odoribacter和/或Erysipelatoclostridium的丰度。
14.嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)MN002灭活菌粉具有如下的(1)-(5)项中的至少一项用途:
(1)在制备调节便秘特征肠道菌群的产品中的用途;
(2)在制备缓解或改善便秘的产品中的用途;
(3)在制备调节结肠炎特征肠道菌群的产品中的用途;
(4)在制备抑制促炎因子TNF-α、IFN-γ和IL-6的表达的产品中的用途;
(5)在制备促进抗炎因子IL-4和IL-10的表达的产品中的用途;嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)MN002已保藏于中国普通微生物菌种保藏中心,其保藏编号是CGMCC NO.3817。
15.根据权利要求14所述的用途,其特征在于,
所述调节便秘特征肠道菌群是指提高便秘特征肠道菌群中有益菌属Prevotella_9、Dorea、Anaerostipes、Ruminococcus_2、Blautia、Bifidobacterium、unclassified_f__Lachnospira、Eubacterium_hallii_group和/或Roseburia的丰度;抑制便秘特征肠道菌群中有害菌属Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003、Alistipes、Ruminococcus_torques_group和/或Ruminococcus_gnavus_group的丰度;
所述缓解或改善便秘是指提高排便次数,改善排便状况和/或改善粪便性状;
所述调节结肠炎特征肠道菌群是指提高结肠炎特征肠道菌群中有益菌属norank_f_Muribaculaceae、Prevotellaceae_UCG-001、Alloprevotella、Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014、Lactobacillus、Muribaculum、Unclassified_f_Ruminococcaceae和/或Akkermansia的丰度;抑制结肠炎特征肠道菌群中有害菌属Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group、Alistipes、Bacteroides、Odoribacter和/或Erysipelatoclostridium的丰度。
16.根据权利要求12-15中任一所述的用途,其特征在于,所述便秘为功能性便秘;所述结肠炎为溃疡性结肠炎。
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