CN113141962A - Method for balancing growth of oil tea tree body and fruit growth - Google Patents
Method for balancing growth of oil tea tree body and fruit growth Download PDFInfo
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- CN113141962A CN113141962A CN202110472693.4A CN202110472693A CN113141962A CN 113141962 A CN113141962 A CN 113141962A CN 202110472693 A CN202110472693 A CN 202110472693A CN 113141962 A CN113141962 A CN 113141962A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/30—Derivatives containing the group >N—CO—N aryl or >N—CS—N—aryl
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for balancing the growth of oil tea trees and the growth of fruits, which comprises the steps of respectively spraying cytokinin CPPU and gibberellin with specific concentration and times on the oil tea trees in the full bearing period in different time within 6-8 months, wherein the number of young shoots of the oil tea trees is increased by 0.30-0.24 time, the biomass of the young shoots is increased by 0.34-0.49 time, the weight of single fruit seeds is increased by 1.79-2.26 times, and the oil yield is increased by 0.19-2.55 times. The method can promote the growth of the tree body, the growth of the fruit and the grease transformation simultaneously, and achieves the purpose of balancing the growth of the oil tea tree body and the yield of the tea oil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant growth regulators, and particularly relates to a plant growth regulator for balancing the growth and yield of a camellia oleifera tree and application thereof.
Background
Oil tea (tea-oil camellia)Camellia oleifera) Is evergreen small arbor of Camellia in Theaceae, and is called four-woody edible oil tree species in the world together with coconut, olive and oil palm[1]. It has the characteristics of long cultivation history, wide distribution area, large cultivation area, multiple purposes and the like, and integrates economic benefits, ecological benefits and social benefits into a whole, thereby having very high comprehensive utilization value. The tea oil is green health-care high-quality edible oil, has the reputation of 'east olive oil', has high content of unsaturated fatty acid, can be comparable with the olive oil, has clear color and fragrant taste, and is beneficial to human health after being eaten for a long time.
The plant growth and development regulating and controlling functional matter includes auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, etc. In the research at home and abroad, the plant growth regulator is shown to be beneficial to the growth of trees, improve the fruit setting rate, improve the growth of fruits, increase the accumulation of substances contained in the fruits and the like. After being treated by gibberellin, the growth of fruits is promoted, the enlargement of fruit granules is promoted, the activity of acid invertase, especially vacuole invertase, is enhanced, the content in the fruits is increased, and the stress resistance of the fruits is improved. N- (2-chloro-4-pyridyl) -N' -phenylurea (CPPU) is one of cytokinins, and has a plurality of remarkable physiological activities of delaying senescence of plants, breaking dormancy, promoting seed germination, enlarging fruits, increasing fruit weight and the like.
The development of the camellia oleifera fruits is divided into 3 stages from flowering to pollination, namely a young fruit forming stage, a fruit growing stage and a fruit mature stage. According to previous researches, the volume growth of the fruit is mainly from the middle 6 th month to the end 8 th month, and the increase value of the quality of the fruit exceeds about 2/3 of the total quality of the oil tea fruit. The period is the key period for the nutrient organs and the reproductive organs of the oil-tea tree to compete for nutrition. If the vegetative growth and reproductive growth are unbalanced at the moment, one condition is that the reproductive growth of the oil tea tree body is frustrated, and the fruit, seeds and even fruit drop are caused; in addition, the growth of the camellia oleifera is inhibited, the number of new shoots is reduced, the shoots are thin and small, the biomass of the camellia oleifera is reduced, and the camellia oleifera is reduced in the next year. Therefore, balancing the growth and yield of the camellia oleifera tree during the middle 6 th month to the last 8 th month has an important role in increasing the economic benefit of camellia oleifera.
Although the plant growth regulator is applied to the camellia oleifera to a certain extent, the application is single, most researches are focused on applying the plant growth regulator to trees, flowers and fruits, and the application of the plant growth regulator to fruit development is rare. However, an application technology for applying the growth regulator to promote the growth of the tree body and the fruit growth simultaneously in the oil tea fruit growth period to balance the growth and the yield of the oil tea tree is not discovered so far.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for balancing the growth and yield of oil tea trees, which aims to solve the problem that the growth and yield of the oil tea trees are limited due to the fact that nutrition is strived among organs of the oil tea trees. By applying the technology, the number of young shoots of the camellia oleifera tree and the biomass are obviously increased, the weight and the oil yield of single-fruit seeds are also obviously improved, the growth of the tree body, the growth of fruits and the grease transformation are promoted, and the balance of the growth of the camellia oleifera tree body and the yield of the camellia oil is achieved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for balancing the growth of oil tea trees and the growth of fruits comprises the following steps:
s11, selecting the tea-oil tree body in the full bearing period;
s12, in late 6 th month, spraying 200mg/L cytokinin CPPU treatment solution on leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera;
s13, in the middle of 7 months to the end of 8 months, 200mg/L gibberellin treatment solution is sprayed on leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera.
Further, in step S12, the cytokinin CPPU treatment solution is sprayed to the leaves and the fruits of the camellia oleifera tree only once at a concentration of 200 mg/L.
Further, 200mg/L gibberellin treatment solution is sprayed to leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera at intervals of 15d in step S13.
Further, 200mg/L gibberellin treatment solution is sprayed on leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera in the step S13 for 3 times.
Furthermore, the cytokinin CPPU treatment solution is a mixed solution formed by cytokinin CPPU, Tween 80 and water.
Further, the concentration of tween 80 in the cytokinin CPPU treatment solution is 0.1 wt%.
Further, the gibberellin treatment solution is a mixed solution formed by gibberellin, tween 80 and water.
Further, the concentration of tween 80 in the gibberellin-treated solution is 0.1 wt%.
Further, the fertilizing method in the steps S12 and S13 is as follows: uniformly spraying the cytokinin CPPU treating solution or gibberellin treating solution on the front and back surfaces of the leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera trees by using a sprayer, preferably fully wetting the leaves and dripping water, and applying the pesticide in the early morning or evening on sunny or windless and cloudy days to ensure that no rainfall exists within 24 hours after the pesticide is applied, and if the rainfall exists, feeding the camellia oleifera trees to the mountain again for supplement spraying at the first time.
The invention has the following remarkable advantages:
according to the method for balancing the growth of the oil tea tree body and the growth of the fruit, cytokinin CPPU (N- (2-chloro-4-pyridyl) -N' -phenylurea) and gibberellin are sprayed on the oil tea tree in the full-bearing period in different times within 6-8 months, the number of young shoots of the oil tea tree is increased by 0.30-0.24 time, the biomass of the young shoots is increased by 0.34-0.49 time, the weight of a single-fruit seed is increased by 1.79-2.26 time, and the oil yield is increased by 0.19-2.55 time. The method can promote the growth of the tree body, the growth of the fruit and the grease transformation simultaneously, and achieves the purpose of balancing the growth of the oil tea tree body and the yield of the tea oil.
The volume growth of the camellia oleifera fruit is mainly from the middle 6 th month to the end 8 th month, and the increase value of the quality of the camellia oleifera fruit exceeds about 2/3 of the total mass of the camellia oleifera fruit. The size of the fruit is mainly determined by the number of fruit cells and the size of cell volume, and the oil tea fruit size can be increased under the condition of jointly improving the division and volume expansion capacity of the fruit cells. Meanwhile, the growth of the fruits needs a great amount of nutrition and energy supplied by the tree bodies, and if the nutrition and energy of the tree bodies are insufficient for the growth requirements of the fruits, the yield in the next year is influenced, and the years are caused, so that when the growth of the oil tea fruits is improved, the growth amount of the tea leaves and stems, namely the growth of new shoots, is correspondingly improved. In late 6 months, the early stage of the young growth period and the rapid growth period of the fruits of the camellia oleifera is the superposition period of the young growth period and the fruit growth period of the camellia oleifera, and the vegetative growth and the reproductive growth of the camellia oleifera can be simultaneously regulated in the period. N- (2-chloro-4-pyridyl) -N' -phenylurea (CPPU) is one of cytokinins, promotes cell division and chloroplast synthesis, improves photosynthesis of leaves, and promotes growth of stems and leaves; and CPPU promotes cell division, increases the number of fruit cells, increases the accumulation of substances in fruits, prolongs the rapid growth period of the fruits, and improves the resistance, the fruit weight and the fruit shape index of the fruits, so that the growth of the young tips of the camellia oleifera and the growth of the fruits of the camellia oleifera can be improved simultaneously by applying CPPU in the last ten days of 6 months. However, if CPPU is continuously applied in 7 months, the growth of young shoots and fruits is continuously enhanced, but the growth direction of the oil-tea camellia fruits is changed, the biomass of the fruits is increased, the growth amount of shells is continuously increased, and the growth of oil-tea camellia nuts is correspondingly inhibited. The gibberellin can promote plant cell elongation, promote the growth of oil tea nuts, increase the nut content, improve the kernel yield, enhance the metabolism of oil tea fruits, promote the conversion of the nut content to grease and improve the oil content. Therefore, in the period of 7-8 months of fruit enlargement and grease transformation of the oil-tea camellia, the oil production of the oil-tea camellia can be improved by spraying gibberellin at intervals. In conclusion, during 6-8 months, cytokinin CPPU (N- (2-chloro-4-pyridyl) -N' -phenylurea) and gibberellin are sprayed on the camellia oleifera in the full bearing period for specific concentrations and times respectively, so that the growth of the camellia oleifera, the growth of fruits and the grease transformation can be promoted simultaneously, and the balance between the growth of the camellia oleifera and the yield of tea oil is achieved.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to various embodiments, but it should be understood that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art should be able to make equivalent changes or substitutions in function, method, or structure based on these embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
The fertilizing method comprises the following steps: uniformly spraying the cytokinin CPPU treating solution or gibberellin treating solution on the front and back surfaces of the leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera trees by using a sprayer, preferably fully wetting the leaves and dripping water, and applying the pesticide in the early morning or evening on sunny or windless and cloudy days to ensure that no rainfall exists within 24 hours after the pesticide is applied, and if the rainfall exists, feeding the camellia oleifera trees to the mountain again for supplement spraying at the first time.
The cytokinin CPPU treating solution is a mixed solution formed by cytokinin CPPU, Tween 80 and water, wherein the concentration of the Tween 80 is 0.1 wt%.
The gibberellin treatment solution is a mixed solution formed by gibberellin, Tween 80 and water, wherein the concentration of Tween 80 is 0.1 wt%.
Example 1 (Shi CPUU)
A method for balancing the growth of oil tea trees and the growth of fruits comprises the following steps:
s11, selecting the tea-oil tree body in the full bearing period;
s12, spraying 1 time of 200mg/L cytokinin CPPU treatment liquid to leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera trees in 2019, 6 months and 29 days;
s13, in the middle of 7 months to the end of 8 months, spraying 0 time of 200mg/L gibberellin treatment solution on leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera.
Example 2 (Shiga)3）
A method for balancing the growth of oil tea trees and the growth of fruits comprises the following steps:
s11, selecting the tea-oil tree body in the full bearing period;
s12, spraying 0 time 200mg/L cytokinin CPPU treatment solution to leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera in late 6 months in 2019;
s13, respectively spraying 200mg/L gibberellin treatment solution on leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera at 7-month 20 days, 8-month 5 days and 8-month 20 days.
Example 3 (application of CPUU + GA3）
A method for balancing the growth of oil tea trees and the growth of fruits comprises the following steps:
s11, selecting the tea-oil tree body in the full bearing period;
s12, spraying 1 time of 200mg/L cytokinin CPPU treatment liquid to leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera trees in 2019, 6 months and 29 days;
s13, respectively spraying 200mg/L gibberellin treatment solution on leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera at 7-month 20 days, 8-month 5 days and 8-month 20 days.
Example 4 (Wushi)
A method for balancing the growth of oil tea trees and the growth of fruits comprises the following steps:
s11, selecting the tea-oil tree body in the full bearing period;
s12, in late 6 th month, spraying 0 time 200mg/L cytokinin CPPU treatment solution on leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera;
s13, in the middle of 7 months to the end of 8 months, spraying 0 time of 200mg/L gibberellin treatment solution on leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera.
TABLE 1 Effect of growth regulators on Camellia oleifera tree growth
As can be seen from Table 1 above, compared to example 4 (no hormone was applied to the Camellia oleifera), the amount and biomass of young shoots of the Camellia oleifera of the present invention were applied once in example 1 (200 mg/L of CPUU was applied once in late 6 months), and example 3 (200 mg/L of CPUU was applied once in late 6 months, then 200mg/L of GA was applied every 15 days in the middle 7 months to late 8 months3Three times), but example 2 (200 mg/L GA every 15 days in mid 7 th to late 8 th month3Three times), with example 1 being the largest, it can be seen that once application of 200mg/L of CPUU in late 6 months had a significant increase in camellia oleifera tree growth. Relative to example 4, the numbers of young shoots were increased by 0.30 and 0.24 times and the biomass by 0.49 and 0.34 times for examples 1 and 3.
TABLE 2 Effect of growth regulators on Camellia oleifera yield
As can be seen from Table 2, for the oil content, example 2 (200 mg/L of GA was applied every 15 days in the middle 7 th to late 8 th month3Three times) and example 3 (after applying 200mg/L of CPUU once in late 6 months, then in late 7 months to late 8 months, every 15 daysAdministration of 200mg/L GA3Three times) were significantly higher than example 4 (no hormone was administered to the Camellia oleifera), whereas example 1 (CPUU administered 200mg/L once in late 6 months) was significantly lower than example 4, indicating that GA3The oil content of the oil tea is obviously improved. For example 4, the individual seed weights of example 1, example 2, and example 3 increased by 1.79-fold, 1.96-fold, and 2.26-fold, respectively; and the oil yield is respectively improved by 0.19 time, 0.67 time and 2.55 times.
From Table 1 and Table 2, example 3 (200 mg/L GA every 15 days in the middle of 7 to 8 months after 200mg/L CPUU was applied once in the first 6 th month3Three times), the growth of the tea-oil tree body is obviously improved after 200mg/L of CPUU is applied in the late 6 months, and then 200mg/L of GA is applied every 15 days from the middle 7 months to the late 8 months3After three times, the oil content of the camellia oleifera is remarkably improved, so that the oil yield of the camellia oleifera is improved by 2.55 times compared with that of the control example 4 after the growth and the yield of the camellia oleifera are balanced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for balancing the growth of a camellia oleifera tree body and the growth of a camellia oleifera fruit is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s11, selecting the tea-oil tree body in the full bearing period;
s12, in late 6 th month, spraying 200mg/L cytokinin CPPU treatment solution on leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera;
s13, in the middle of 7 months to the end of 8 months, 200mg/L gibberellin treatment solution is sprayed on leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera.
2. The method for balancing the growth of the bodies and the growth of the fruits of the camellia oleifera tree according to claim 1, wherein the cytokinin CPPU treatment solution is sprayed only once to the leaves and the fruits of the camellia oleifera tree in step S12.
3. The method for balancing the growth of bodies and the growth of fruits of Camellia oleifera Abel according to claim 1, wherein the gibberellin-treating solution of 200mg/L is sprayed to leaves and fruits of Camellia oleifera Abel every 15d in step S13.
4. The method for balancing the growth of the bodies and the growth of the fruits of the oil tea trees according to claim 1, wherein the gibberellin treatment solution of 200mg/L is sprayed to the leaves and the fruits of the oil tea trees for 3 times in total in step S13.
5. The method for balancing the growth of camellia oleifera trees and fruit growth according to claim 1, wherein the cytokinin CPPU treatment solution is a mixed solution formed of cytokinin CPPU, tween 80 and water.
6. The method for balancing the growth of oil tea trees according to claim 5, wherein the concentration of Tween 80 in the cytokinin CPPU treatment solution is 0.1 wt%.
7. The method for balancing growth of oil tea trees according to claim 1, wherein the gibberellin-treating solution is a mixed solution of gibberellin, tween 80 and water.
8. The method for balancing growth of oil tea trees according to claim 7, wherein the concentration of Tween 80 in the gibberellin-treated solution is 0.1 wt%.
9. The method of balancing camellia oleifera tree body growth and fruit growth according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fertilizing method in the steps S12 and S13 comprises the following steps: uniformly spraying the cytokinin CPPU treating solution or gibberellin treating solution on the front and back surfaces of the leaves and fruits of the camellia oleifera trees by using a sprayer, preferably fully wetting the leaves and dripping water, and applying the pesticide in the early morning or evening on sunny or windless and cloudy days to ensure that no rainfall exists within 24 hours after the pesticide is applied, and if the rainfall exists, feeding the camellia oleifera trees to the mountain again for supplement spraying at the first time.
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