CN107306643A - A kind of cultural method for improving daffodil bulb ball quality - Google Patents

A kind of cultural method for improving daffodil bulb ball quality Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107306643A
CN107306643A CN201710661597.8A CN201710661597A CN107306643A CN 107306643 A CN107306643 A CN 107306643A CN 201710661597 A CN201710661597 A CN 201710661597A CN 107306643 A CN107306643 A CN 107306643A
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bulb
daffodil
bulb ball
improving
mid
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CN107306643B (en
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何炎森
李瑞美
洪佳敏
鞠玉栋
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INSTITUTE OF SUBTROPICAL AGRICULTURE FUJIAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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INSTITUTE OF SUBTROPICAL AGRICULTURE FUJIAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G2013/004Liquid mulch

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to daffodil technical field of cultivation, specifically related to a kind of cultural method for improving daffodil bulb ball quality, by changing planting way and supporting adjusting and controlling growth technology effectively co-ordination unit area Narcissus Tazetta L. Var ball number and main bulb ball girth diameter, side bulb growth situation and the spherical relation of outward appearance, and then reach high-quality and efficient purpose.The inventive method can overcome the upper daffodil early stage growing way of current production vigorous, mid-term plant is weak, anaphase blade early ageing, harvest the unreal phenomenon of bulb ball quality, narcissus plant can be improved against ability, narcissus plant is postponed and wither the time, extend growth period, be conducive to the nutrient accumulation of bulb ball, effectively improve the superfine, ratio of one-level bulb ball.

Description

A kind of cultural method for improving daffodil bulb ball quality
Technical field
The present invention relates to daffodil technical field of cultivation, and in particular to a kind of cultivation side of raising daffodil bulb ball quality Method.
Background technology
Daffodil is one of Chinese tradition famous flower, has the cultivation history of more than 500 years in ZhangZhou, over the years ZhangZhou daffodil Commodity ball yield accounts for more than the 90% of the whole nation.Daffodil commodity ball is by bud son, bores the young 3 years raw bulb balls planted of young, kind, It is main using main bulb ball girth diameter, side bulb growth situation and outward appearance is spherical as index judges its credit rating, wherein, it is superfine For main bulb girth diameter >=25.5cm, plumpness be excellent, every spray >=6, pest and disease damage it is beautiful to complete, bouquet shape without, side bulb two Rectify;One-level be excellent main bulb girth diameter >=24cm, plumpness, every spray >=5, pest and disease damage without, more than a pair of side bulb, flower It is spherical U.S. proper.The preferred main bulb of commodity ball is preferably in oblateness during engraving, and the shoulder of center terminal bud both sides is open, is commonly called as The young flower of row, symmetrical bulb pin bud, suitable engraving is shaped to the gaily decorated basket, tap, double snake water outlets etc..
In recent years, flower-grower is coveted bulb spherolite number yield, chooses seeds not strict, and the amount of sowing of some flower-growers is practised from conventional 6000 used/mu increase to 7000/mu or so, and result is that Higher output is not accompanied by a higher income.Showed in the production of narcissus bulb field production Product proportion is reduced shared by superfine, one-level bulb ball, and the quality of daffodil commodity ball has also declined, and the art work of engraving is deposited In spray flower number is reduced, the florescence shortens, fragrance is thin out, Hua Ting is thin and weak etc. phenomenon.
Currently, daffodil bulb ball quality is improved by changing cultivation technique measure increasingly to attract attention, under change There is not been reported for the influence of the mode of kind and supporting adjusting and controlling growth technical measures to product proportion shared by superfine, one-level bulb ball.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of daffodil bulb ball quality of can improving Cultural method, by changing planting way and supporting adjusting and controlling growth technology effectively co-ordination unit area Narcissus Tazetta L. Var ball number and master Bulb ball girth diameter, side bulb growth situation and the spherical relation of outward appearance, and then reach high-quality and efficient purpose.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that:
A kind of cultural method for improving daffodil bulb ball quality, comprises the following steps:
1) site preparation, bedding are carried out according to a conventional method;
2) bulb is selected:Diameter 6-8cm 2 years raw healthy bulbs are selected, bulb castrating is carried out according to a conventional method and is disappeared Poison processing;
3) sow:Ditch depth 15-20cm kind planting ditch is excavated, line-spacing (drains spacing) is 40 ± 2cm, and spacing in the rows is 25 ± 2cm, plantation Density is 5000 ± 200/mu, during sowing, is arranged in opposite directions (as shown in Figure 1) with bulb castrating wound in a line;
4) mid-term adjusting and controlling growth:Early Febuary and early March respectively spray 1 mid-term adjusting and controlling growth liquid, the mid-term growth Regulate and control liquid each component and its mass percent in mid-term adjusting and controlling growth liquid is as follows:
It is used as the Prohexadione calcium for controlling prosperous medicine:0.01-0.02%;
It is used as the potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2-0.5% of nutriment, magnesium sulfate 0.05-0.2%, boric acid 0.1-0.2%, molybdic acid Ammonium 0.02-0.05%;
5) late growing stage regulates and controls:1 late growing stage regulation and control liquid, the later stage life are respectively sprayed in early April and the first tenday period of a month in May Long regulation and control liquid each component and its mass percent in late growing stage regulates and controls liquid are as follows:
It is used as the benzene first propiconazole of antibacterial drugs:0.03-0.06%;
It is used as the potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2-0.5% of nutriment, magnesium sulfate 0.05-0.2%, boric acid 0.1-0.2%, molybdic acid Ammonium 0.02-0.05%;
6) fertilizer application, water pipe, weeding, defloration, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out according to a conventional method, finally harvest daffodil bulb Ball.
Further, the Prohexadione calcium is 5% Prohexadione calcium suspending agent, 10% Prohexadione calcium wettable powder, 25% tune Any one in naphthenic acid calcium wettable powder.
The consumption of the mid-term adjusting and controlling growth liquid be 60-75Kg/ mu, be used while allocating, spray will uniformly, can not with strong acid or Strong basicity insecticidal bactericide is used in mixed way.
The benzene first propiconazole is 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate, 50% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate, 60% benzene Any one in first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate.
The consumption of the late growing stage regulation and control liquid is 60-75Kg/ mus, is used while allocating, sprays and want uniform, it is impossible to copper, mercury Preparation and strong basicity combined use of pesticides.
The main quality that daffodil bulb ball is improved by following several respects of the invention:
When the 1st, sowing, arranged in opposite directions (also by increasing line-spacing reduction thickness of sowing and castrating wound with bulb in a line Be every row bulb castrating wound it is unified towards the row) lateral bud inside formalness and bulb ball of the arrangement to adjust plant leaf Growing space, improve ventilation and penetrating light in the ranks, improve the photosynthetic capacity of narcissus plant, be conducive to improving spherical and improve squama Stem ball quality.
2nd, growth medium, is sprayed by controlling the mid-term adjusting and controlling growth liquid that prosperous drug and nutriment matter is constituted.Pass through delayed growth Material Prohexadione calcium foliar treatment, can shorten narcissus cauline leaf length, promote lateral bud growth and well developed root system inside bulb ball, make stem Leaf keeps dark green, improves the resistance of crop.Compared with other delayed growth materials, Prohexadione calcium has to crop rotation plant without residual Stay toxicity, environmentally safe advantage.
3rd, Later growth, sprays and regulates and controls liquid by the late growing stage of antibacterials and composition of nutritive substance.Pass through antibacterial drugs The processing of benzene first propiconazole foliage-spray, can improve the heat resistance of plant, narcissus leaf color is kept green, anti-aging, water The cured leaf of blue or green strain of celestial plant strain growth later stage, nutrient accumulation increase.Meanwhile, benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate has lasting medicine, low toxicity, low Residual, the characteristics of to ecological environment security, can effectively prevent and treat disease caused by most of higher funguses, especially narcissus brown greatly Pinta.
4th, the middle and late growth stage, daffodil continuous cropping is quickly supplemented by blade face soil general lack of the nutrition such as magnesium, boron, molybdenum Element, makes narcissus the middle and late growth stage robust plant, can be effectively facilitated the degree of packing that underground bulb ball expands and improved bulb ball.
The present invention uses above technical scheme, and overcoming current production, above daffodil early stage growing way is vigorous, and mid-term plant is weak, Anaphase blade early ageing, the unreal phenomenon of harvest bulb ball quality, can improve narcissus plant anti-adversity ability, extend growth period, push away Slow narcissus plant withers 10-15 days time, is conducive to the nutrient accumulation of bulb ball, effectively improves superfine bulb ball (by 0.5% Improve to 8-9%), the ratio of one-level bulb ball (being improved by 5% to 20-22%), increase flower-grower's income from sales, meanwhile, can be with Reduce bulb consumption and castrate, sow accordingly, defloration, harvest paste the recruitment such as soil.In a word, narcissus cultivation side of the invention Method, is conducive to flower-grower to increase income and economize on spending, hence it is evident that improve the economic benefit that flower-grower plants narcissus.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Spacing form and planting way schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method for improving daffodil bulb ball quality, comprises the following steps:
1) site preparation, bedding are carried out according to a conventional method;
2) bulb is selected:Diameter 6-8cm 2 years raw healthy bulbs are selected, bulb castrating is carried out according to a conventional method and is disappeared Poison processing;
3) sow:Ditch depth 15-20cm kind planting ditch is excavated, line-spacing (drains spacing) is 40 ± 2cm, and spacing in the rows is 25 ± 2cm, plantation Density is 5000 ± 200/mu, during sowing, is arranged in opposite directions (as shown in Figure 1) with bulb castrating wound in a line;
4) mid-term adjusting and controlling growth:Early Febuary and early March respectively spray 1 mid-term adjusting and controlling growth liquid, the mid-term growth Regulate and control liquid each component and its mass percent in mid-term adjusting and controlling growth liquid is as follows:
Control prosperous medicine:5% Prohexadione calcium suspending agent:0.02%;
Nutriment:Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, boric acid 0.1%, ammonium molybdate 0.02%;
The consumption of the mid-term adjusting and controlling growth liquid is 60Kg/ mus, is used while allocating, sprays and want uniform, can not be with alkaline desinsection Bactericide is used in mixed way.
5) late growing stage regulates and controls:1 late growing stage regulation and control liquid, the later stage life are respectively sprayed in early April and the first tenday period of a month in May Long regulation and control liquid each component and its mass percent in late growing stage regulates and controls liquid are as follows:
Antibacterial drugs:30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate:0.06%;
Nutriment:Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, boric acid 0.1%, ammonium molybdate 0.02%;
6) fertilizer application, water pipe, weeding, defloration, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out according to a conventional method, finally harvest daffodil bulb Ball.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method for improving daffodil bulb ball quality, comprises the following steps:
1) site preparation, bedding are carried out according to a conventional method;
2) bulb is selected:Diameter 6-8cm 2 years raw healthy bulbs are selected, bulb castrating is carried out according to a conventional method and is disappeared Poison processing;
3) sow:Ditch depth 15-20cm kind planting ditch is excavated, line-spacing (drains spacing) is 40 ± 2cm, and spacing in the rows is 25 ± 2cm, plantation Density is 5000 ± 200/mu, during sowing, is arranged in opposite directions with bulb castrating wound in a line;
4) mid-term adjusting and controlling growth:Early Febuary and early March respectively spray 1 mid-term adjusting and controlling growth liquid, the mid-term growth Regulate and control liquid each component and its mass percent in mid-term adjusting and controlling growth liquid is as follows:
Control prosperous medicine:10% Prohexadione calcium wettable powder:0.015%;
Nutriment:Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, boric acid 0.2%, ammonium molybdate 0.05%;
The consumption of the mid-term adjusting and controlling growth liquid is 75Kg/ mus, is used while allocating, sprays and want uniform, can not be with alkaline desinsection Bactericide is used in mixed way.
5) late growing stage regulates and controls:1 late growing stage regulation and control liquid, the later stage life are respectively sprayed in early April and the first tenday period of a month in May Long regulation and control liquid each component and its mass percent in late growing stage regulates and controls liquid are as follows:
Antibacterial drugs:60% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate:0.03%;
Nutriment:Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, boric acid 0.2%, ammonium molybdate 0.05%;
6) fertilizer application, water pipe, weeding, defloration, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out according to a conventional method, finally harvest daffodil bulb Ball.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method for improving daffodil bulb ball quality, comprises the following steps:
1) site preparation, bedding are carried out according to a conventional method;
2) bulb is selected:Diameter 6-8cm 2 years raw healthy bulbs are selected, bulb castrating is carried out according to a conventional method and is disappeared Poison processing;
3) sow:Ditch depth 15-20cm kind planting ditch is excavated, line-spacing (drains spacing) is 40 ± 2cm, and spacing in the rows is 25 ± 2cm, plantation Density is 5000 ± 200/mu, during sowing, is arranged in opposite directions with bulb castrating wound in a line;
4) mid-term adjusting and controlling growth:Early Febuary and early March respectively spray 1 mid-term adjusting and controlling growth liquid, the mid-term growth Regulate and control liquid each component and its mass percent in mid-term adjusting and controlling growth liquid is as follows:
Control prosperous medicine:25% Prohexadione calcium wettable powder:0.01%;
Nutriment:Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, boric acid 0.15%, ammonium molybdate 0.035%;
The consumption of the mid-term adjusting and controlling growth liquid is 68Kg/ mus, is used while allocating, sprays and want uniform, can not be with alkaline desinsection Bactericide is used in mixed way.
5) late growing stage regulates and controls:1 late growing stage regulation and control liquid, the later stage life are respectively sprayed in early April and the first tenday period of a month in May Long regulation and control liquid each component and its mass percent in late growing stage regulates and controls liquid are as follows:
Antibacterial drugs:50% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate:0.045%;
Nutriment:Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.35%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, boric acid 0.15%, ammonium molybdate 0.035%;
6) fertilizer application, water pipe, weeding, defloration, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out according to a conventional method, finally harvest daffodil bulb Ball.
The effect analysis of daffodil cultural method of the present invention:The Buddhist nunnery nature under Chinese narcissus flower main producing region Jiu Hu towns in 2016 Village, big room farm Dong Wanmei natural villages carry out daffodil cultural method of the present invention and flower-grower's conventional cultivation contrast test is investigated, knot Fruit is shown in Table 1.
The influence investigation of table 1, daffodil cultural method of the present invention to daffodil bulb ball quality
There is early stage growing way on traditional cultivation method, narcissus flower growth vigorous, mid-term plant is weak, anaphase blade early ageing, The unreal phenomenon of the underground bulb bouquet quality of harvest, using the narcissus cultural method of the present invention, can overcome above-mentioned phenomenon, carry High narcissus plant postpones narcissus plant and withered 10-15 days time, extend growth period, be conducive to the nutrient of bulb ball to accumulate against ability It is tired, effectively improve superfine bulb ball (being improved by 0.5% to 8-9%), one-level bulb ball (being improved by 5% to 20-22%) Ratio, increases flower-grower's income from sales, simultaneously, it is possible to reduce bulb consumption and castrate, sow accordingly, defloration, harvest paste it is native Deng recruitment.In a word, narcissus cultural method of the invention, is conducive to flower-grower to increase income and economize on spending, hence it is evident that improve the warp that flower-grower plants narcissus Ji benefit.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of cultural method for improving daffodil bulb ball quality, it is characterised in that:It comprises the following steps:
1)Site preparation, bedding are carried out according to a conventional method;
2)Bulb is selected:Diameter 6-8cm 2 years raw healthy bulbs are selected, are carried out according to a conventional method at bulb castrating and sterilization Reason;
3)Sow:Ditch depth 15-20cm kind planting ditch is excavated, line-spacing is 40 ± 2cm, and spacing in the rows is 25 ± 2cm, and planting density is 5000 ± 200/mu, during sowing, arrange in opposite directions with bulb castrating wound in a line;
4)Mid-term adjusting and controlling growth:Early Febuary and early March respectively spray 1 mid-term adjusting and controlling growth liquid, the mid-term adjusting and controlling growth Liquid each component and its mass percent in mid-term adjusting and controlling growth liquid are as follows:
It is used as the Prohexadione calcium for controlling prosperous medicine:0.01-0.02%;
It is used as the potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2-0.5% of nutriment, magnesium sulfate 0.05-0.2%, boric acid 0.1-0.2%, ammonium molybdate 0.02- 0.05%;
5)Late growing stage regulates and controls:1 late growing stage regulation and control liquid is respectively sprayed in early April and the first tenday period of a month in May, the late growing stage is adjusted Draining each component and its late growing stage regulate and control liquid in mass percent it is as follows:
It is used as the benzene first propiconazole of antibacterial drugs:0.03-0.06%;
It is used as the potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2-0.5% of nutriment, magnesium sulfate 0.05-0.2%, boric acid 0.1-0.2%, ammonium molybdate 0.02- 0.05%;
6)Fertilizer application, water pipe, weeding, defloration, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out according to a conventional method, finally harvest daffodil bulb ball.
2. a kind of cultural method for improving daffodil bulb ball quality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described to adjust Naphthenic acid calcium is any in 5% Prohexadione calcium suspending agent, 10% Prohexadione calcium wettable powder, 25% Prohexadione calcium wettable powder It is a kind of.
3. a kind of cultural method for improving daffodil bulb ball quality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:In described The consumption of phase adjusting and controlling growth liquid is 60-75Kg/ mus.
4. a kind of cultural method for improving daffodil bulb ball quality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The benzene First propiconazole is times in 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate, 50% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate, 60% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate Meaning is a kind of.
5. a kind of cultural method for improving daffodil bulb ball quality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:After described The consumption of phase adjusting and controlling growth liquid is 60-75Kg/ mus.
CN201710661597.8A 2017-08-04 2017-08-04 Cultivation method for improving bulb quality of narcissus Active CN107306643B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108901739A (en) * 2018-07-04 2018-11-30 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 A method of improving carnation bud seedling flower yield
GB2565624A (en) * 2017-06-12 2019-02-20 Fine Agrochemicals Ltd Plant growth regulator and fungicide
CN111436346A (en) * 2020-05-29 2020-07-24 福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所(福建省农业科学院蔗麻研究中心) Improved method for lateral bulb propagation of narcissus

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2565624A (en) * 2017-06-12 2019-02-20 Fine Agrochemicals Ltd Plant growth regulator and fungicide
CN108901739A (en) * 2018-07-04 2018-11-30 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 A method of improving carnation bud seedling flower yield
CN111436346A (en) * 2020-05-29 2020-07-24 福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所(福建省农业科学院蔗麻研究中心) Improved method for lateral bulb propagation of narcissus
CN111436346B (en) * 2020-05-29 2021-07-06 福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所(福建省农业科学院蔗麻研究中心) Improved method for lateral bulb propagation of narcissus

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