CN113087885A - 一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法 - Google Patents

一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法 Download PDF

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CN113087885A
CN113087885A CN202110500818.XA CN202110500818A CN113087885A CN 113087885 A CN113087885 A CN 113087885A CN 202110500818 A CN202110500818 A CN 202110500818A CN 113087885 A CN113087885 A CN 113087885A
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陈春华
周重旭
丁成城
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Hubei Santak New Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于聚酯回收技术领域,公开了一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,包括以下步骤:S1、醇解:将再生瓶片风送到醇解釜,向醇解釜内添加乙二醇、烟酸锌配位聚合物,升温醇解;S2、过滤:将醇解釜内的醇解液转移至过滤器过滤;S3、聚合:将过滤后的醇解液内加入精对苯二甲酸、乙二醇、间苯二甲酸和助剂进行聚合,聚合反应2~3h,通过控制聚合时间得到不同粘度的聚酯;S4、切粒。本发明的有益效果是:采用烟酸锌配位聚合物作为PET醇解催化剂,烟酸锌配位聚合物不溶于乙二醇,在240~250℃的温度下不易分解,通过过滤的方式即可回收,催化剂用量小,绿色环保。

Description

一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法
技术领域
本发明属于聚酯回收技术领域,特别涉及一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法。
背景技术
聚酯的化学性质稳定,在自然环境中难以降解,目前国内主要采用物理法对废弃聚酯瓶进行循环利用,但是物理法回收的次数有限,不能实现聚酯的闭环回收,采用化学法可将聚酯解聚生成小分子物质,再经过缩聚形成聚酯切片的方法。采用化学法可控制聚酯切片的聚合度,从而生产不同粘度的聚酯切片,用于制造不同弹性的涤纶。
乙二醇醇解法是最常用的聚酯(PET)回收方法,在一定温度和压力下,以乙二醇溶剂作为反应介质,在酯交换催化剂的作用下,对废旧聚酯进行分子降解,PET的酯键会发生断裂并且被羟基末端取代,生成对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(BHET)。醇解的催化剂通常采用氯化锌、醋酸锌等,但是该催化剂溶解性较强,难以从产物中分离回收,对产品的纯度有一定的影响。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,具有醇解效率高、催化剂易于回收的效果。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的:包括以下步骤:
S1、醇解:回收再生瓶片并制成碎片,将再生瓶片风送到醇解釜,向醇解釜内添加乙二醇、烟酸锌配位聚合物,升温醇解2~3h,温度控制在240℃;
S2、过滤:将500目的过滤器升温至260~270℃,将醇解釜内的醇解液转移至过滤器过滤,去除醇解液内的不溶物和烟酸锌配位聚合物;
S3、聚合:将过滤后的醇解液转移至聚合釜,在聚合釜内加入精对苯二甲酸、乙二醇、间苯二甲酸和助剂,在250℃、真空度为80Pa±5Pa、搅拌器转速10~20r/s的条件下进行聚合,聚合反应2~3h,通过控制聚合时间得到不同粘度的聚酯;
S4、切粒:采用高纯度的氮气对S4的聚合釜解除真空并充压至0.2Mpa,再打开聚合釜底阀,水溶性聚酯浆料被氮气压出,冷却、制粒,得到不同粘度的水溶性聚酯切片。
本发明的进一步设置为:所述步骤S1中原料按质量份计包括瓶片100份、乙二醇50~200份、烟酸锌配位聚合物2~5份。
本发明的进一步设置为:所述步骤S1中原料还包括羧基辛醇3~6份。
本发明的进一步设置为:所述烟酸锌配位聚合物与羧基辛醇混合均匀后,再投入醇解釜内。
本发明的进一步设置为:所述步骤S3中助剂包括乙二醇锑、无水醋酸钠和磷酸。
本发明的进一步设置为:所述步骤S3中的聚合釜内还添加有二氧化钛。
本发明的进一步设置为:所述步骤S1~S4中投料和倒料期间,醇解釜或聚合釜采用氮气置换。
本发明的有益效果是:
1.烟酸锌配位聚合物为金属锌与烟酸衍生物构筑的配位聚合物,烟酸上的吡啶氮和羧基氧同时与Zn2+配位,形成以金属锌为中心的配位聚合物,采用烟酸锌配位聚合物作为PET醇解催化剂,烟酸锌配位聚合物不溶于乙二醇,在240~250℃的温度下不易分解,通过过滤的方式即可回收,催化剂用量小,绿色环保。
2.采用烟酸锌配位聚合物催化醇解,烟酸锌与醇分子发生反应生成金属醇化物,金属醇化物中的金属提供空轨道,PET酯键上的酯羰基氧的孤对电子与金属空轨道配位结合,催化反应是在催化剂活性中心(即Zn2+)的配位界内进行的,反应活化能低,醇解反应速率快,催化活性高,可大幅度提高对苯二甲酸双羟乙酯(BHET)产率。
3.羧基辛醇的分子链两端分别含有羧基和羟基,分子链两端可分别与乙二醇和烟酸锌配位聚合物结合,使烟酸锌配位聚合物均匀分散在乙二醇内,从而与瓶片充分混合,可使催化剂分布均匀,提高催化效率;在过滤器内温度为250~270℃,羧基辛醇在沸点为245.22℃,羧基辛醇在高温下蒸发,羧基辛醇与烟酸锌配位聚合物之间的化学键断裂,从而烟酸锌配位聚合物从乙二醇中析出,从醇解液内分离,达到回收催化剂的目的。
4.在聚合釜内添加二氧化钛,可作为增白剂,使生产出的聚酯切片颜色亮白,在投料和倒料期间,醇解釜和聚合釜内采用氮气置换,可避免醇解和聚合过程中混入氧气,避免切片被氧化,防止切片发黄。
5.在聚合釜内添加精对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸可增加切片的韧性,采用该回收聚酯切片制成的涤纶,韧性强,可纺性好,不易断丝;添加无水醋酸钠和磷酸可提高聚合反应速率。
具体实施方式
下面将对实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、醇解:回收再生瓶片并制成碎片,将再生瓶片风送到醇解釜,向醇解釜内添加瓶片100份、乙二醇50份、烟酸锌配位聚合物5份,羧基辛醇3份,烟酸锌配位聚合物与羧基辛醇混合均匀后,再投入醇解釜内,升温醇解2~3h,温度控制在240℃;
S2、过滤:将500目的过滤器升温至260~270℃,将醇解釜内的醇解液转移至过滤器过滤,去除醇解液内的不溶物和烟酸锌配位聚合物;
S3、聚合:将过滤后的醇解液转移至聚合釜,在聚合釜内加入精对苯二甲酸20份、乙二醇150、间苯二甲酸5和乙二醇锑0.3、无水醋酸钠20和磷酸10、二氧化钛,在250℃、真空度为80Pa±5Pa、搅拌器转速16r/s的条件下进行聚合,聚合反应2h,通过控制聚合时间得到不同粘度的聚酯;
S4、切粒:采用高纯度的氮气对S4的聚合釜解除真空并充压至0.2Mpa,再打开聚合釜底阀,水溶性聚酯浆料被氮气压出,冷却、制粒,得到不同粘度的水溶性聚酯切片;
其中,在步骤S1~S4的在投料和倒料期间,醇解釜或聚合釜采用氮气置换。
实施例2
一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,与实施例1的不同之处在于,原料中各组分的重量份数如表1所示,聚合时间为2.5h。
实施例3
一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,与实施例1的不同之处在于,原料中各组分的重量份数如表1所示,聚合时间为3h。
实施例4
一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,与实施例1的不同之处在于,原料中各组分的重量份数如表1所示,聚合时间为2.5h。
实施例5
一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,与实施例1的不同之处在于,原料中各组分的重量份数如表1所示,聚合时间为2.5h。
实施例6
一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,与实施例1的不同之处在于,原料中各组分的重量份数如表1所示,聚合时间为2.5h。
实施例7
一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,与实施例1的不同之处在于,原料中各组分的重量份数如表1所示,聚合时间为2.5h。
对比例
一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,与实施例1的不同之处在于,原料中各组分的重量份数如表1所示,聚合时间为2.5h。
表1
实施例 瓶片 乙二醇 烟酸锌配位聚合物 羧基辛醇 精对苯二甲酸 间苯二甲酸
实施例1 100 50 5 3 20 5
实施例2 100 150 3.5 4.5 10 8
实施例3 100 200 2 6 5 10
实施例4 100 200 2 - 5 10
实施例5 100 200 - 6 5 10
实施例6 100 200 - - 5 10
实施例6 100 200 2 6 - 10
实施例7 100 200 2 6 5 -
对比例 100 200 - - - -
采用实施例1-7和对比例中的步骤和比例在冷凝回流反应装置中制备聚酯切片,对上述各个实施例和对比例中BHET产率、催化剂回收率及聚酯切片性能进行检测,检测方法如下:
BHET产率:
将步骤S1中得到的醇解液在260~270℃的条件下进行高温过滤,去除不溶物,将剩余的液相加入大量冷蒸馏水搅拌然后抽滤,滤纸上的固体即为不溶于蒸馏水的多聚体,将滤液蒸发浓缩后,置于0℃的冰箱中冷藏10h,析出的白色针状结晶即为BHET,将白色针状结晶在烘箱中烘干并称重,单体BHET的产率用下式计算:
YBHET={(WBHET/MWBHET)/(WPET/MWPET)}×100%
WBHET-产物BHET质量;MWBHET-BHET相对分子质量254g/mol;WPET-起始加入PET质量;MWPET-聚酯PET的重复单元分子量192g/mol。
催化剂回收率:
将步骤S2中过滤得到的不溶物,在常温下采用羧基辛醇和乙二醇溶解,过滤去除不溶于羧基辛醇和乙二醇的固体后,蒸发去除羧基辛醇和乙二醇,得到的固体即为催化剂,将固体收集并冷却、称重,催化剂回收率用下式计算:
Y催化剂=W回收量/W添加量×100%。
聚酯切片特性粘度采用GB/T 17931-2018瓶用聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)树脂中的方法进行检测。
在本发明的实施例1-7及对比例的BHET产率、催化剂回收率及聚酯切片性能测试结果如
表2所示:
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5 实施例6 实施例7 对比例
BHET产率(%) 73.2 88.6 93.1 82.5 53.1 52.5 91.5 55.9
催化剂回收率(%) 83.1 84.4 82.6 88.1 - - 82.6 -
粘度(mPa·s) 4.8 5.8 7.3 7.3 6.5 6.4 6.5 6.2
由表2可知,本发明的催化剂可显著提高醇解过程中BHET的产率,羧基辛醇可增强催化剂的分散性,提高催化剂催化效率,进一步提高BHET产率;且催化剂回收率较高,可重复使用,通过控制聚合时间可得到不同粘度的聚酯切片;添加精对苯二甲酸和间苯二甲酸可提高聚酯切片的粘度,从而提高以聚酯切片制成的涤纶的韧性。

Claims (7)

1.一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1、醇解:回收再生瓶片并制成碎片,将再生瓶片风送到醇解釜,向醇解釜内添加乙二醇、烟酸锌配位聚合物,升温醇解2~3h,温度控制在240℃;
S2、过滤:将500目的过滤器升温至260~270℃,将醇解釜内的醇解液转移至过滤器过滤,去除醇解液内的不溶物和烟酸锌配位聚合物;
S3、聚合:将过滤后的醇解液转移至聚合釜,在聚合釜内加入精对苯二甲酸、乙二醇、间苯二甲酸和助剂,在250℃、真空度为80Pa±5Pa、搅拌器转速10~20r/s的条件下进行聚合,聚合反应2~3h,通过控制聚合时间得到不同粘度的聚酯;
S4、切粒:采用高纯度的氮气对S4的聚合釜解除真空并充压至0.2Mpa,再打开聚合釜底阀,水溶性聚酯浆料被氮气压出,冷却、制粒,得到不同粘度的水溶性聚酯切片。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S1中原料按质量份计包括瓶片100份、乙二醇50~200份、烟酸锌配位聚合物2~5份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S1中原料还包括羧基辛醇3~6份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,其特征在于:所述烟酸锌配位聚合物与羧基辛醇混合均匀后,再投入醇解釜内。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S3中助剂包括乙二醇锑、无水醋酸钠和磷酸。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S3中的聚合釜内还添加有二氧化钛。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种循环再生聚酯切片的生产方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S1~S4中投料和倒料期间,醇解釜或聚合釜采用氮气置换。
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