CN113080197A - Dehydrating agent for protecting quality of hybrid rice seed production seeds and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Dehydrating agent for protecting quality of hybrid rice seed production seeds and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dehydrant for seed quality protection of hybrid rice seed production, a preparation method and an application thereof, wherein the dehydrant takes water as a solvent and contains 500-550 mg.L of herbicide‑10.5-8 mg.L of brassinolide‑12000-3000 mg.L of soluble potassium salt‑1500-1500 mg.L of soluble sodium salt‑1. The dehydrating agent for seed quality protection of hybrid rice seed production provided by the invention contains diquat, monopotassium phosphate, sodium carbonate and brassinolide, can be used for effectively avoiding reduction of thousand seed weight and germination rate of seeds and ensuring the sowing quality of the harvested seeds while quickly reducing the water content of the hybrid rice seeds, facilitating mechanical harvesting and harvesting in advance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seed production, in particular to a dehydrating agent for seed quality protection of hybrid rice seed production, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In the production process of hybrid rice seeds, due to the complexity of the genetic basis of the variety and the purpose requirement of high-yield seed production, most main varieties are slow in dehydration in the late stage of seed maturation in the seed production process, and when the seeds meet rainy and poor weather, the seeds are difficult to dry naturally, so that the phenomena of overhigh moisture content, greedy and late maturity, high seed moisture, easy damage, difficult drying, easy freezing damage of late hybrid seeds and easy spike germination of early and medium hybrid seeds before harvest are caused, the inconvenience is brought to storage and processing, the drying cost is increased, and the problems are difficult to solve in a two-fold manner by a breeding method.
In recent years, China has been rarely studied about dehydrating agents, and studies of grandke and the like consider that the dehydrating agent is adopted at a concentration of 2250mL hm-2The rice grain harvest and dehydration effect test [ J ] for rice application]Modern agriculture, 2003, (6): 8-9). Researches on Liujing waves and the like find that the vertical grain harvesting medicament can effectively accelerate the dehydration speed of grains and facilitate mechanical harvesting (Liujing waves and the like; the vertical grain harvesting water aqua ripening has influence on the mechanical harvesting effect of wheat [ J]Journal of crop 2006 (3): 52-53). Anecdotal research findings20 percent of diquat medicament is used as a dehydrating agent in rice maturation to reduce the moisture of grains by 5 percent, thereby effectively reducing the drying cost (anecdotal, and the like) of late-stage rice, and the application effect of the hastening agent diquat on single-season late rice is initially realized [ J]Chinese rice, 2011,17(2): 45-46). Studies of the dehydration of vertical harvest valleys, glyphosate and ethephon by Huohou waves, etc. in later stages of cereal crop ripening have revealed that the vertical harvest valleys have a good dehydration effect (Huohou waves, etc.. the effect of different chemical dehydrating agents on the mechanical harvest yield of the millet [ J]Hebei agricultural science, 2013,17(1): 6-8).
Patent document No. CN103636676A discloses a mixed dehydrating agent used before harvesting rice seeds and a method for using the same. The formula of the dehydrating agent is that 0.2-0.6 g of 10% S-abscisic acid, 0.25g of ethephon and 0.2-0.6 g of KH are added into each liter of aqueous solution2PO4And herbicide glufosinate-ammonium of about 10.5mL, and mixing evenly. The using method comprises the following steps: spraying the mixed dehydrating agent in sunny days or non-rainy days at the early yellow-ripe stage of rice seeds or 6-8 days before harvesting; adding 2-6 drops of surfactant such as Tween 80 into each liter of mixed dehydrating agent before spraying, and shaking uniformly; spraying 20-30L of mixed dehydrating agent in each mu of rice hybrid seed production field; uniformly spraying the mixed dehydrating agent on the rice ear layer; and harvesting 3-7 days after the mixed dehydrating agent is sprayed.
The dehydrating agents can rapidly dehydrate grains and reduce the water content of the grains, and are mainly used for dehydrating the grains in grain production, but the influence on the quality of rice seeds is not reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a dehydrating agent for seed quality protection of hybrid rice seed production, a preparation method and application thereof.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the invention provides a dehydrant for seed quality protection of hybrid rice seed production, which takes water as a solvent and contains 500-550 mg.L of herbicide-10.5-8 mg.L of brassinolide-1Soluble potassium salt of 2000 to 3000mg·L-1500-1500 mg.L of soluble sodium salt-1。
Further, the herbicide is diquat. The chemical name of diquat is 1,1 '-ethylene-2, 2' -dipyridyl dibromide salt.
Further, the soluble potassium salt is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Further, the soluble sodium salt is sodium carbonate.
Further, the pesticide is composed of diquat 500-550 mg.L-10.5-8 mg.L of brassinolide-12000-3000 mg.L potassium dihydrogen phosphate-1And 500-1500 mg/L of sodium carbonate-1And (4) forming.
Further, the pesticide is composed of 533 mg.L of diquat-10.5-8 mg.L of brassinolide-12000-3000 mg.L potassium dihydrogen phosphate-1And 500-1500 mg/L of sodium carbonate-1And (4) forming.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the dehydrating agent for seed quality protection of hybrid rice seed production, which comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving brassinolide in an organic solvent to obtain a solution A;
(2) dissolving diquat, monopotassium phosphate and sodium carbonate in water, adding the solution A, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dehydrating agent for protecting the quality of hybrid rice seed production seeds.
The invention directly dissolves diquat, monopotassium phosphate and sodium carbonate in water; because the brassinolide is slightly soluble in water, the brassinolide is firstly dissolved in the organic solvent and then added into the solution for uniform mixing. Preferably, the weight ratio of the brassinolide to the organic solvent is 1: 10 to 1: 20. More preferably, the weight ratio of the brassinolide to the organic solvent is 1: 15.
Further, the organic solvent is an alcohol. Further, the organic solvent is ethanol.
The invention also provides a method for dehydrating seeds by using the dehydrating agent for seed quality protection in hybrid rice seed production, which comprises the following steps: and (3) uniformly spraying a dehydrating agent for protecting the quality of the hybrid rice seed production seeds on the spike layer of the female parent plants from the late stage of the wax ripening of the seed production female parent seeds to the early stage of the yellow ripening of the seed production female parent seeds, and spraying for 3-5 days to obtain the seeds.
If the spraying amount of the dehydrating agent is too large, not only waste is caused, but also the cost is increased; if the spraying amount is too small, the effect of rapid dehydration cannot be effectively achieved. Further, the spraying amount of the dehydrating agent for seed quality protection of hybrid rice seed production is 25-40L/mu.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the dehydrating agent for seed quality protection of hybrid rice seed production provided by the invention contains diquat, monopotassium phosphate, sodium carbonate and brassinolide, can be used for effectively avoiding reduction of thousand seed weight and germination rate of seeds and ensuring the sowing quality of the harvested seeds while quickly reducing the water content of the hybrid rice seeds, facilitating mechanical harvesting and harvesting in advance.
(2) The dehydrating agent for seed quality protection of hybrid rice seed production provided by the invention takes water as a matrix, does not add any emulsifier, is environment-friendly, has a simple production process, a small drug dosage and a low cost, and is suitable for popularization.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples, which are only illustrative of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
In the following examples, the hybrid rice seed production combination 'qian you 1' female parent is 'qian jiang 1 a' and the male parent is 'zhe hui 7954', belonging to indica type three-line hybrid rice and breeding of Zhejiang agricultural academy; the female parent of the Y-Shuangyou 689 is Y58S, the male parent is Wenhui 689, and the Y-Shuangyou-689 belongs to indica type two-line hybrid rice, Wenzhou agricultural science research institute, Hunan hybrid rice research center and other unit breeding; the Chunyou84' female parent is Chunyiang 16A, the male parent is C84, and belongs to indica-japonica type three-line hybrid rice and the breeding of Chinese rice research institute; the parent and the female parent materials of the hybrid combination are provided by Zhejiang agricultural species Co.
Diquat is purchased from Hubei Jiu Fenglong chemical Co., Ltd; the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the sodium carbonate are purchased from Shanghai national drug group chemical reagent, Inc.; brassinolide is available from Shanghai Aladdin reagents, Inc. The magnetic stirrer was model ZNCL-BS, available from Shanghai Tokyo instruments and Equipment, Inc.
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of dehydrating agent for seed quality protection in hybrid Rice seed production
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 10mg of brassinolide in 15mL of 75% ethanol solution, stirring uniformly to obtain a solution A, bottling and sealing;
(2) respectively weighing 8g of diquat, 40g of monopotassium phosphate and 15g of sodium carbonate, mixing and then filling into a sealed bag to obtain mixed powder B;
(3) when in use, the mixed powder B is dissolved in a certain amount of clear water, then the solution A is added, then water is added to the solution A to a constant volume of 15L, and the obtained dehydrating agent can be directly used for seed production.
(1) Physicochemical properties and stability of pharmacological solution a:
appearance: transparent liquid, no suspension and no precipitation;
storage stability: standing in shade and dry place for six months without layering and precipitation.
(2) Physicochemical properties and stability of powder mixture B:
appearance: powdery or has a small amount of crystals and no agglomeration;
storage stability: standing in shade and dry place for six months without agglomeration.
(3) Physical and chemical properties and stability of dehydrating agents:
appearance: transparent liquid, no suspension and no precipitation;
dispersibility: can be rapidly and uniformly dispersed in water to present a transparent and uniform stable solution;
storage stability: standing in shade and dry place for 7 days without layering and precipitation.
Example 2
1. Test materials: 'Qian you No. 1', the female parent is 'Qianjiang No. 1A', and the male parent is 'Zhe Hui 7954'.
2. Reagent to be tested: seed quality protective dehydrating agent for hybrid rice seed production prepared in example 1；533mg·L-1Diquat solution.
3. Test method
The test is carried out in 2017 at the hong Kong of agricultural test station of Zhejiang university, and the staged sowing is carried out according to the growth period characteristics of the parents. The line ratio of the parents to the parents is 2: 8, and the intervals between the parents and the parents are 25 cm; the male parents are in double rows, the row spacing is 24cm, the plant spacing is 24cm, the ratio of the male parents in the first period to the male parents in the second period in each row is 1: 1, and the male parents are planted in the female parent; the female parent is properly densely planted, the planting density is 15cm (plant spacing) multiplied by 18cm (row spacing), and 5 grains of rice seedlings are planted in each root. Gibberellin is sprayed in several times after heading to ensure that the two parents meet in the flowering phase.
Medicament configuration and treatment: preparing a dehydrating agent according to the method described in example 1, wherein 2 doses per acre of the dehydrating agent are applied by 30L of the solution; two controls are set, one is 533mg L of spraying agent is sprayed per mu-1Diquat solution 30L (CK-1); and secondly, spraying 30L of clear water (CK-2) per mu. Each treatment is repeated for 3 times, and by combining the field fertility level and the terrain and adopting a random block design, the south-north direction length of a single cell is about 3.5m, the east-west direction width is about 2.0m, and the cell area is 7.0m2。
Spraying time and method: and uniformly spraying the dehydrating agent and the two controls on the ear layers of the female parent plants according to different treatment districts from the late stage of the wax ripening of the seeds of the female parent to the early stage of the yellow ripening of the seeds of the female parent.
The sampling method comprises the following steps: after the pesticide application, the reaction conditions of plants and seeds are observed every day in the plot experiment, field sampling is respectively carried out 3d and 5d after the dehydrating agent is sprayed, 20 rice ears of each plot are randomly selected, 60 ears are summed up, one part of the collected seeds are packaged by a polyethylene bag and are quickly transferred into a laboratory for moisture determination, the other part of the seeds are packaged by a mesh bag, and are hung in the mesh chamber for ventilation, airing and drying, threshing and cleaning are carried out, the thousand seed weight is calculated, and the indexes such as germination vigor and germination rate are determined.
Seed germination and seedling indices: germination tests were performed according to the protocols of the crop seed test (GB/T3543, 1995). Sprouting was carried out on paper, 100 grains per box, and this was repeated three times. The germination conditions are 20 ℃ dark 16h/30 ℃ light 8 h. And (5) recording the number of germinated seeds from the next day of seed placement, calculating the germination potential at the 5 th day, and calculating the germination rate at the 14 th day.
Statistical analysis: analysis of variance was performed using SAS (V9.1) software, and multiple comparisons were performed using the LSD method, with α being 0.05.
4. Test results
In the embodiment, the water content of the seeds treated by spraying the dehydrating agent is not obviously different from that of CK-1 at 3d and 5d after the dehydrating agent is sprayed, but is obviously reduced compared with that of CK-2, which shows that the dehydrating agent has the same obvious dehydrating effect as that of CK-1; meanwhile, the germination potential and the germination rate of the seeds harvested in 5d after the treatment are obviously higher than those of CK-1, and the seeds have no obvious difference compared with CK-2; in addition, the thousand seed weight of the seeds treated by the invention is not significantly different from CK-2, but the thousand seed weight of the seeds harvested after 5d of the medicament treatment by CK-1 is significantly lower than that of CK-1 (Table 1). The treatment of the invention has no adverse effect on the thousand seed weight, the germination vigor and the germination rate of the seeds of the 'Qian you No. 1', the water content of the seeds which are normally harvested within 5 days after the treatment is reduced by 4.9 percent compared with CK-2, and the seeds can be used as a mature dehydrating agent for the seeds of the 'Qian you No. 1'; CK-1 can significantly affect the quality of the harvested seeds of 'Qian you No. 1', and is not suitable for seed production.
TABLE 1 influence of dehydrating agents on the moisture, thousand kernel weight and germination capacity of seeds of hybrid rice' Qian you No. 1
Note: the values in the table are 3 repeat averages and different lower case letters indicate significance of difference between treatments (LSD, α ═ 0.05), as follows.
Example 3
In example 2, it is confirmed that the dehydrating agent can significantly reduce the water content of hybrid rice seeds without affecting the germination capacity of the seeds, and in this example, the application effect and the influence on the seed quality of the dehydrating agent are further verified.
1. Test materials: 'Y-Liangyou 689', the female parent is 'Y58S', the male parent is 'Wenhui 689'.
2. Reagent to be tested: the same as in example 2.
3. Test method
The test was carried out in 2018 at the hong Kong substation, an agricultural test station of Zhejiang university, and the planting mode, test design, cell area, treatment and control of adopted medicament, and spraying amount and method of the parent and the parent are consistent with those of example 2.
4. Test results
Test results show that the moisture content of the seeds treated by the dehydrating agent at the 3 rd and 5 th days is obviously reduced by 4.8 percent and 4.6 percent compared with CK-2, but the moisture content is not obviously different from that of CK-1; in the 3 rd and 5 th days after the treatment by the dehydrating agent, the thousand seed weight, the germination potential and the germination rate of the seeds are not obviously different from those of the seeds treated by CK-2; after CK-1 treatment, the thousand seed weight at 5d, the germination vigor at 3d and 5d and the germination rate were all significantly reduced compared with CK-2 treatment, except that the thousand seed weight at 3d was not significantly reduced (Table 2). The method shows that the treatment of the dehydrating agent has no adverse effect on the thousand seed weight, the germination vigor and the germination rate of the 'Y Liangyou 689' seeds, the dehydrating agent can be used for dehydrating seeds in the late mature period, and CK-1 can affect the seed quality and is not suitable for the seed production of hybrid rice.
TABLE 2 influence of dehydrating agents on the moisture, thousand kernel weight and germination capacity of seeds of hybrid rice 'Y' Youyangyou 689
Example 4
The verification of the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 shows that the method can effectively avoid the reduction of thousand seed weight, germination vigor and germination rate of the seeds and guarantee the quality of the harvested seeds while rapidly reducing the water content of the hybrid rice seeds, and is a dehydrating agent suitable for dehydrating the hybrid rice seeds at the late mature stage.
1. Test materials: 'Chunyou 84', the female parent 'Chunyiang 16A' and the male parent 'C84'.
2. Reagent to be tested: the same as in example 2 and example 3.
3. Test method
The test was carried out in 2018 in Huzhou Shuanglin seed production base of agricultural species Limited, Zhejiang province, and the planting mode, the adopted medicament treatment and comparison, the spraying amount and the spraying method are consistent with those of the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3. Large area of about 667m per treatment2No repetition is provided.
4. Test results
The result of a large-area test shows that compared with a clear water treatment control (CK-2), the seed moisture is remarkably reduced by 2.7% and the thousand seed weight is remarkably improved by 4.07% after the dehydrating agent treatment for 5 days, and the germination rate and the germination vigor of the seeds are not obviously influenced; the water content of 5d seeds after CK-1 treatment is remarkably reduced by 2.9% compared with that of CK-2, but the germination rate and the germination potential are both remarkably reduced, and the method is not suitable for the production of hybrid rice seeds (Table 3).
TABLE 3 influence of 5 days of spraying of dehydrating agent on the water content, thousand kernel weight and germination capacity of hybrid rice 'Chunyou84' seeds
The results of large-area tests prove that the dehydrant can effectively avoid the reduction of thousand seed weight, germination vigor and germination rate of the seeds and guarantee the quality of the harvested seeds while rapidly reducing the water content of the hybrid rice seeds, and is suitable for dehydrating seeds for hybrid rice seed production in the late mature period.
Claims (10)
1. A dehydrant for seed quality protection of hybrid rice seed production is characterized in that water is used as a solvent and contains 500-550 mg.L of herbicide-10.5-8 mg.L of brassinolide-12000-3000 mg.L of soluble potassium salt-1500-1500 mg.L of soluble sodium salt-1。
2. The dehydrating agent for seed quality protection in hybrid rice seed production according to claim 1, wherein the herbicide is diquat.
3. The dehydrating agent for seed quality protection in hybrid rice seed production according to claim 1, wherein the soluble potassium salt is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
4. The dehydrating agent for seed quality protection in hybrid rice seed production according to claim 1, wherein the soluble sodium salt is sodium carbonate.
5. The dehydrating agent for seed quality protection in hybrid rice seed production according to claim 1, characterized in that the dehydrating agent is composed of diquat 500-550 mg-L-10.5-8 mg.L of brassinolide-12000-3000 mg.L potassium dihydrogen phosphate-1And 500-1500 mg/L of sodium carbonate-1And (4) forming.
6. The dehydrating agent for seed quality protection in hybrid rice seed production according to claim 1, characterized in that it is prepared from 533 mg-L of diquat-10.5-8 mg.L of brassinolide-12000-3000 mg.L potassium dihydrogen phosphate-1And 500-1500 mg/L of sodium carbonate-1And (4) forming.
7. The method for preparing the dehydrating agent for seed quality protection of hybrid rice seed production according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
(1) dissolving brassinolide in an organic solvent to obtain a solution A;
(2) dissolving diquat, monopotassium phosphate and sodium carbonate in water, adding the solution A, and uniformly stirring to obtain the dehydrating agent for protecting the quality of hybrid rice seed production seeds.
8. The method for preparing the dehydrating agent for seed quality protection in hybrid rice seed production according to claim 7, wherein the organic solvent is ethanol.
9. A method for dehydrating seeds by using the dehydrating agent for seed quality protection in hybrid rice seed production according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: and (3) uniformly spraying a dehydrating agent for protecting the quality of the hybrid rice seed production seeds on the spike layer of the female parent plants from the late stage of the wax ripening of the seed production female parent seeds to the early stage of the yellow ripening of the seed production female parent seeds, and spraying for 3-5 days to obtain the seeds.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the spraying amount of the dehydrant for seed quality protection in hybrid rice seed production is 25-35L/mu.
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Application publication date: 20210709 |