CN104054752A - Composition and application thereof in dehydration of rice seed - Google Patents
Composition and application thereof in dehydration of rice seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN104054752A CN104054752A CN201410238496.6A CN201410238496A CN104054752A CN 104054752 A CN104054752 A CN 104054752A CN 201410238496 A CN201410238496 A CN 201410238496A CN 104054752 A CN104054752 A CN 104054752A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composition and application thereof in the dehydration of rice seeds. The composition takes water as a solvent and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.01%-0.1% of herbicides and 3%-15% of water-soluble inorganic salt. The composition is applied to the dehydration of the rice seeds, the composition is uniformly sprayed to rice spikes at the wax ripeness terminal stage of rice, and the rice seeds are harvested after the composition is sprayed for 5-7 days. The water content of the rice seeds can be reduced outstandingly by carrying out field spraying treatment on the rice seeds by adopting the composition disclosed by the invention. Compared with a single herbicide, the composition disclosed by the invention carries out fast dehydration on the rice seeds, keeps better germination property of the rice seeds and effectively increases the thousand kernel weight of the rice seeds because the herbicides and the water-soluble inorganic salt have synergistic effect; the composition disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple preparation method, convenience for use, safety, high efficiency and suitability for field production practice application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of seed breeding, be specifically related to a kind of composition and the application in rice paddy seed dehydration thereof.
Background technology
Paddy rice is one of most important cereal crops of China, and national Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area accounts for 30% of cereal crops area, and output approaches the half of total output of grain.In Rice Cropping, owing to being subject to the impact of field humid climate before rice paddy seed results, seed and plant entirety water content are higher, the possibility of the illnesss such as rice plant infection rice blast, bacterial stripe will be increased, and increase rice paddy seed fringe and sprout rate, have a strong impact on quality and the output of rice paddy seed.
At present, in order to reduce the water content of rice paddy seed when ripe, peasant household is general adopts following several method: (1) avoids rainy weather, gathers in the crops in advance rice paddy seed; (2) postpone results, rice paddy seed is dried naturally in field; (3) gather in the crops on time, then arrive safe water content through artificial airing or mechanical drying.Although these methods can reduce the water content of rice paddy seed, still there are a lot of deficiencies, for example avoid rainy weather, gather in the crops in advance rice paddy seed and can play the effect that reduces water content, but the process of for want of after-ripening will affect the quality of rice paddy seed.And other two kinds of methods fail to avoid the moistening sweltering hot weather in field and make Shui seed rice Miho sprout rate rise situation occur.
In order to seek the method for a kind of simple and convenient reduction paddy rice seed moisture content when ripe, there is at present report to point out that weed killer herbicide can be used as withered dose of urging of plant, while processing ripe crop, remaining green portion and weeds are dried-up rapidly, are convenient to harvesting ahead of time.Also there is report to point out to use diquat before rice harves, to urge withered stems and leaves of rice and drying water rice, Chen Yi, Zhang Qianqian, " Chinese rice " 2011,17 (2): 45-46, " urge the effect pre-test of withered dose of diquat on Single Late Rice " and disclose and a kind ofly specially urge withered dose of 20% diquat AS to spray the strain spike of rice of living, spray after diquat 7d, paddy water content is down to 17% by 22%.Although the method is simple and convenient, and can effectively reduce the moisture of paddy, in article and not mentioned output and the quality of diquat to rice paddy seed that directly spray can produce great negative effect.Therefore inquire into and how effectively to reduce rice paddy seed water content, when promoting that results are done sth. in advance in field, can also guarantee even to improve the output of rice paddy seed, ensure that rice paddy seed quality is unaffected most important.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of composition, said composition not only can reduce the water content of rice paddy seed effectively, and can guarantee even to improve rice paddy seed quality, keeps the vigor of rice paddy seed.
A kind of composition, taking water as solvent, contains percentage by weight and is 0.01%～0.1% weed killer herbicide, the water-soluble inorganic salt that percentage by weight is 3%～15%.
Preparation method of composition of the present invention is simple and convenient, and weed killer herbicide and water-soluble inorganic salt are dissolved in distilled water, mixes.In the present invention, weed killer herbicide plays dematuration to paddy rice, and water-soluble inorganic salt provides required mineral salt composition for paddy rice, the present invention is mixed with both the composition forming according to certain ratio, not only can accelerate dehydrating of ripe later stage of rice paddy seed, guarantee that the rice paddy seed after dehydration has good quality, and effectively improved the thousand kernel weight etc. of rice paddy seed.
In composition of the present invention, the proportioning of each component has very large impact for dehydration and the seed quality of rice paddy seed, as preferably, it is 0.05%～0.1% weed killer herbicide that described composition contains percentage by weight, the water-soluble inorganic salt that percentage by weight is 3%～12%.
Weed killer herbicide described in the present invention is contact killing type weed killer herbicide, when contact killing type weed killer herbicide contacts with plant, only the part contacting with weed killer herbicide is played to lethal effect, in plant corpus, can not conduct.As preferably, described weed killer herbicide be Acetochlor, alachlor, butachlor, paraquat, rust go to Tianjin, diquat if so, at least one in prometryn, cover grass energy, trefanocide, alar-85, glyphosate and maleic hydrazide.Preferably, described weed killer herbicide is at least one in diquat, butachlor, alar-85, maleic hydrazide, paraquat and prometryn.Preferred, described weed killer herbicide is diquat; Or the mixture of diquat and butachlor; Or the mixture of prometryn and butachlor; Or the mixture of maleic hydrazide and alar-85.
As preferably, described water-soluble inorganic salt is at least one in water-soluble chlorination salt, water-soluble phosphate, water soluble carbonate and water-soluble nitrate.
As preferably, the metal ion in described water-soluble inorganic salt is Ca
2+, K
+, Na
+, Mg
2+, Fe
2+and Zn
2+in at least one.More preferably, the metal ion in described water-soluble inorganic salt is K
+, Na
+and Zn
2+in at least one.
Preferred, described water-soluble inorganic salt is at least one in potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium carbonate, potassium chloride, zinc chloride and sodium nitrate.
Concrete, in composition, when described weed killer herbicide is diquat, described water-soluble inorganic salt can be potassium chloride; Or potassium dihydrogen phosphate; Or the mixture of sodium carbonate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.When described weed killer herbicide is diquat and paraquat, described water-soluble inorganic salt can be sodium carbonate; When described weed killer herbicide is prometryn and butachlor, described water-soluble inorganic salt can be zinc chloride.When described weed killer herbicide is maleic hydrazide and alar-85, described water-soluble inorganic salt can be sodium nitrate.
The present invention also provides the application of described composition in rice paddy seed dehydration.
Described application comprises: in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, described composition is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, gather in the crops rice paddy seed after having sprayed 5～7 days.Composition of the present invention is easy to use, spray latter stage at paddy rice wax ripeness, can gather in the crops rice paddy seed after spraying 5～7 days, not only play the effect that reduces paddy rice water content, and can avoid the moistening sweltering hot weather in field and make Shui seed rice Miho sprout the situation that rate rises to occur.
The amount of spraying of the present composition, for the water content of rice paddy seed and the quality important of rice paddy seed, if the amount of spraying is excessive, not only causes waste, contaminated environment, and may affect the quality of rice paddy seed; If the amount of spraying is very few, can not effectively play dehydration.The amount of spraying of described composition is per hectare 430～470L.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) adopt composition of the present invention to carry out field to rice paddy seed and spray processing, can significantly reduce the water content of rice paddy seed.Compare single herbicide, the weed killer herbicide in composition of the present invention and water-soluble inorganic salt, when seed is carried out to fast dewatering, not only make seed keep good Germination performance, and have effectively improved the thousand kernel weight quality of rice paddy seed.
(2) said composition preparation method is simple, easy to use, safe and efficient, is applicable to Production of Large Fields application in practice.
Embodiment
Further explain the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Taking preparation 100g composition as example, take mass concentration and be 20% paraquat aqua 0.05g (containing paraquat 0.01g), then add 5.6g KH in paraquat aqua
2pO
4with 5.6g Na
2cO
3, in the most backward paraquat aqua, add distilled water until total amount is 100g, mix.Composition is proceeded to watering can, in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, it is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of its composition is per hectare 430L, gathers in the crops rice paddy seed after having sprayed 7 days, rice paddy seed is carried out to the mensuration of the indexs such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality.
Assay method is as follows:
1, seed moisture content, thousand kernel weight and germination test
(1) moisture determination
Get some aluminium boxes, use marking pen mark, take out dry 30min in 80 DEG C of baking ovens after, be positioned in drier and be cooled to room temperature, record the weight of each aluminium box.
Each processing takes two parts of independently seed samples, puts into the culture dish of diameter 9cm, and the S that weighs takes out dry 30min in 103 DEG C of baking ovens after, puts into drier and is cooled to room temperature, and S1 weighs.This seed sample of drying is in advance ground respectively stand-by with flour mill.
The aluminium box that mark is good is in advance taken out from drier, take respectively the independent sample 5g grinding and be placed in aluminium box, record weight S2.All samples carries out secondary drying in 130 DEG C of baking ovens, after 1h, takes out, and puts into drier and is cooled to room temperature, and S3 weighs.
Seed moisture content (%)=(S-S1)+(S2-S3)-(S-S1) × (S2-S3), wherein, S: culture dish and seed weight before drying in advance; S1: culture dish and seed weight after drying in advance; S2: aluminium box and seed weight before secondary drying; S3: aluminium box and seed weight after secondary drying.
(2) thousand kernel weight is measured
Method is with reference to " crop seeds inspection procedure " GB/T3543.1～3543.7-1995.
(3) germination test
Test adopts the paper bed of three metafiltration paper to germinate, and every processing repeats for 3 times, 100 seeds of every repetition.Germinating box is set to 8h on daytime, night 16h, 30 DEG C of day temperatures, night 20 DEG C of temperature.Equivalent was watered and was recorded germination on time every day, after 14d, took out.Calculating germination rate and germination index (GI=Σ (Gt/Dt), in formula: the germinative number that Gt is different time, Dt is germination number of days, Σ is summation).
Comparative example 1
Taking preparation 100g composition as example, take mass concentration and be 20% paraquat aqua 0.05g (containing paraquat 0.01g), in paraquat aqua, add distilled water until total amount is 100g, mix.Composition is proceeded to watering can, in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, it is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of its composition is per hectare 430L, after having sprayed 7 days, gather in the crops rice paddy seed, rice paddy seed is carried out to the mensuration of the indexs such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality, assay method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 2
Taking preparation 100g composition as example, take mass concentration and be 20% paraquat aqua 0.25g (containing paraquat 0.05g), then add 5.6g KH in paraquat aqua
2pO
4with 5.6g Na
2cO
3, in paraquat aqua, add distilled water until total amount is 100g, mix.Composition is proceeded to watering can, in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, it is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of its composition is per hectare 430L, after having sprayed 7 days, gather in the crops rice paddy seed, rice paddy seed is carried out to the index determinings such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality, assay method is identical with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
Taking preparation 100g composition as example, take mass concentration and be 20% paraquat aqua 0.25g (containing paraquat 0.05g), in paraquat aqua, add distilled water until total amount is 100g, mix.Composition is proceeded to watering can, in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, it is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of its composition is per hectare 430L, after having sprayed 7 days, gather in the crops rice paddy seed, rice paddy seed is carried out to the index determinings such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality, assay method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Taking preparation 100g composition as example, take mass concentration and be 20% diquat aqua 0.5g (containing diquat 0.1g), in diquat aqua, add 6.75g KCl again, in the most backward diquat aqua, add distilled water until total amount is 100g, mix.Composition is proceeded to watering can, in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, it is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of its composition is per hectare 470L, after having sprayed 5 days, gather in the crops rice paddy seed, rice paddy seed is carried out to the index determinings such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality, assay method is identical with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
Taking preparation 100g composition as example, take mass concentration and be 20% diquat aqua 0.5g (containing diquat 0.1g), in diquat aqua, add distilled water until total amount is 100g, mix.Composition is proceeded to watering can, in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, it is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of its composition is per hectare 470L, after having sprayed 5 days, gather in the crops rice paddy seed, rice paddy seed is carried out to the index determinings such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality, assay method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
Taking preparation 100g composition as example, take mass concentration and be the paraquat aqua 0.25g (containing diquat and paraquat 0.1g altogether) that 20% diquat aqua 0.25g and mass concentration are 20%, after both are mixed, in mixed solution, add 5.6g Na
2cO
3, in the most backward mixed solution, add distilled water until total amount is 100g, mix.Composition is proceeded to watering can, in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, it is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of its composition is per hectare 450L, after having sprayed 7 days, gather in the crops rice paddy seed, rice paddy seed is carried out to the index determinings such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality, assay method is identical with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 4
Taking preparation 100g composition as example, take mass concentration and be the paraquat aqua 0.25g (containing diquat and paraquat 0.1g altogether) that 20% diquat aqua 0.25g and mass concentration are 20%, after both are mixed, in mixed solution, add distilled water until total amount is 100g, mix.Composition is proceeded to watering can, in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, it is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of its composition is per hectare 450L, after having sprayed 7 days, gather in the crops rice paddy seed, rice paddy seed is carried out to the index determinings such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality, assay method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
Taking preparation 100g composition as example, take mass concentration and be 20% diquat aqua 0.4g (containing diquat 0.08g), in diquat aqua, add 3g potassium dihydrogen phosphate again, in the most backward diquat aqua, add distilled water until total amount is 100g, mix.Composition is proceeded to watering can, in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, it is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of its composition is per hectare 450L, after having sprayed 5 days, gather in the crops rice paddy seed, rice paddy seed is carried out to the index determinings such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality, assay method is identical with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 5
Taking preparation 100g composition as example, take mass concentration and be 20% diquat aqua 0.4g (containing diquat 0.08g), in diquat aqua, add distilled water until total amount is 100g, mix.Composition is proceeded to watering can, in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, it is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of its composition is per hectare 450L, after having sprayed 5 days, gather in the crops rice paddy seed, rice paddy seed is carried out to the index determinings such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality, assay method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6
Taking preparation 100g composition as example, take mass concentration and be 20% diquat aqua 0.25g (containing diquat 0.05g), in diquat aqua, add 3g potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 2g sodium carbonate again, in the most backward diquat aqua, add distilled water until total amount is 100g, mix.Composition is proceeded to watering can, in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, it is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of its composition is per hectare 450L, after having sprayed 7 days, gather in the crops rice paddy seed, rice paddy seed is carried out to the index determinings such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality, assay method is identical with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 6
Taking preparation 100g composition as example, take mass concentration and be 20% diquat aqua 0.25g (containing diquat 0.05g), in diquat aqua, add distilled water until total amount is 100g, mix.Composition is proceeded to watering can, in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, it is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of its composition is per hectare 450L, after having sprayed 7 days, gather in the crops rice paddy seed, rice paddy seed is carried out to the index determinings such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality, assay method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7
Taking preparation 100g composition as example, take mass concentration and be 20% prometryn aqua 0.15g (containing prometryn 0.03g), again to the butachlor ec 0.05g (containing butachlor 0.03g) that adds 60% in prometryn aqua, after both are mixed, add 6.75g zinc chloride, in the most backward mixed solution, add distilled water until total amount is 100g, mix.Composition is proceeded to watering can, in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, it is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of its composition is per hectare 470L, after having sprayed 7 days, gather in the crops rice paddy seed, rice paddy seed is carried out to the index determinings such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality, assay method is identical with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 7
Taking preparation 100g composition as example, take mass concentration and be 20% prometryn aqua 0.15g (containing prometryn 0.03g), again to the butachlor ec 0.05g (containing butachlor 0.03g) that adds 60% in prometryn aqua, in the most backward mixed solution, add distilled water until total amount is 100g, mix.Composition is proceeded to watering can, in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, it is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of its composition is per hectare 470L, after having sprayed 7 days, gather in the crops rice paddy seed, rice paddy seed is carried out to the index determinings such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality, assay method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 8
Taking preparation 100g composition as example, take 0.025g maleic hydrazide and 0.075g alar-85, after both are mixed, add 3g sodium nitrate, the most backwardly add distilled water until total amount is 100g, mix.Composition is proceeded to watering can, in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, it is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of its composition is per hectare 450L, after having sprayed 7 days, gather in the crops rice paddy seed, rice paddy seed is carried out to the index determinings such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality, assay method is identical with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 8
Taking preparation 100g composition as example, take 0.025g maleic hydrazide and 0.075g alar-85, after mixing, add distilled water until total amount is 100g, mix.Composition is proceeded to watering can, in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, it is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of its composition is per hectare 450L, after having sprayed 7 days, gather in the crops rice paddy seed, rice paddy seed is carried out to the index determinings such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality, assay method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 9
In paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, clear water is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, the amount of spraying of clear water is per hectare 450L, gathers in the crops rice paddy seed after having sprayed 7 days, rice paddy seed is carried out to the index determinings such as seed moisture content, vigor and quality, assay method is identical with embodiment 1.
Interpretation of result:
Compare with contrast (embodiment 9) that spray clear water, the composition that rice paddy seed is sprayed to embodiment 1～8 and comparative example 1～8 all can significantly reduce seed moisture content, improves seed sprouting index.After embodiment 3～8 compositions spray, the thousand kernel weight of rice paddy seed also significantly improves (in table 1) compared with control Example 9.In addition, after in embodiment 1～8, composition sprays, thousand kernel weight, germination rate and the germination index of rice paddy seed is all higher than each self-corresponding comparative example, and the comparative example difference that some embodiment is corresponding with it reaches significance level (in table 1).As can be seen here, water-soluble inorganic salt mixes preparation-obtained composition with weed killer herbicide, compared with single use weed killer herbicide, can significantly reduce seed moisture content, improves thousand grain weigth, guarantees seed production, meanwhile, makes seed keep good Germination performance.
Table 1 different components sprays the impact of processing seed moisture content, thousand kernel weight and germination
*lowercase represents the significance of difference comparison (LSD, α=0.05) between different disposal.
Claims (10)
1. a composition, is characterized in that, taking water as solvent, contains percentage by weight and be 0.01%～0.1% weed killer herbicide, the water-soluble inorganic salt that percentage by weight is 3%～15%.
2. composition as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, contains percentage by weight and be 0.05%～0.1% weed killer herbicide, the water-soluble inorganic salt that percentage by weight is 3%～12%.
3. composition as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described weed killer herbicide be Acetochlor, alachlor, butachlor, paraquat, rust go to Tianjin, diquat if so, at least one in prometryn, cover grass energy, trefanocide, alar-85, glyphosate and maleic hydrazide.
4. composition as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described weed killer herbicide is at least one in diquat, paraquat, butachlor, maleic hydrazide, alar-85 and prometryn.
5. composition as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described water-soluble inorganic salt is at least one in water-soluble chlorination salt, water-soluble phosphate, water soluble carbonate and water-soluble nitrate.
6. composition as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, the metal ion of described water-soluble inorganic salt is Ca
2+, K
+, Na
+, Mg
2+, Fe
2+and Zn
2+in at least one.
7. composition as claimed in claim 6 in right, is characterized in that, described water-soluble inorganic salt is at least one in potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium carbonate, potassium chloride, zinc chloride and sodium nitrate.
8. the application of the composition as described in as arbitrary in claim 1～7 in rice paddy seed dehydration.
9. application as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described application comprises: in paddy rice wax ripeness latter stage, described composition is evenly sprayed on spike of rice, gather in the crops rice paddy seed after having sprayed 5～7 days.
10. application as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, the amount of spraying of described composition is per hectare 430～470L.
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (5)
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| CN106070281A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-11-09 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | A kind of Brassica campestris L chemical drier and application |
| CN113080197A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-09 | 浙江大学 | Dehydrating agent for protecting quality of hybrid rice seed production seeds and preparation method and application thereof |
| RU2762788C1 (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-12-22 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Марийский государственный университет" | Method for desication of corn crops |
| FR3125943A1 (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2023-02-10 | Vivagro | Biostimulant composition based on monopotassium phosphate in acid form |
| CN115997787A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-04-25 | 四川省新兰月生物科技有限公司 | Cold region rice dehydrating agent and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106070281A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-11-09 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | A kind of Brassica campestris L chemical drier and application |
| CN106070281B (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2021-04-13 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | Chemical drying agent for rape and application |
| CN113080197A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-09 | 浙江大学 | Dehydrating agent for protecting quality of hybrid rice seed production seeds and preparation method and application thereof |
| RU2762788C1 (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-12-22 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Марийский государственный университет" | Method for desication of corn crops |
| FR3125943A1 (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2023-02-10 | Vivagro | Biostimulant composition based on monopotassium phosphate in acid form |
| CN115997787A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-04-25 | 四川省新兰月生物科技有限公司 | Cold region rice dehydrating agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN115997787B (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2024-04-09 | 四川省新兰月生物科技有限公司 | Cold region rice dehydrating agent and preparation method thereof |
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