CN113057080B - High-yield cultivation method of sweet potatoes - Google Patents
High-yield cultivation method of sweet potatoes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-yield cultivation method of sweet potatoes, which comprises the following steps: (1) Preparing land, applying fertilizer, and applying mixed fertilizer of decomposed poultry manure, ammonium bicarbonate, plant ash and carbonized biochar; (2) transplanting sweet potato seedlings and recovering the seedlings; (3) In the ridge sealing period, a functional nutrient solution containing the oil-vegetable lactone and the L-tryptophan is applied; applying an organic fertilizer A in the root tuber expanding period; it comprises decomposed poultry manure, rapeseed bran, tobacco leaves residues, mushroom residues, rice chaff ash and dolomite powder; topsides expanding later stage, organic fertilizer B and functional nutrient solution are applied; the organic fertilizer B comprises: decomposed cow dung, fermented biogas residues, rape straw ashes, ai Caozha, oyster shell powder and diatomite; the sweet potato cultivation method of the invention not only increases the yield of sweet potato, but also greatly improves the content of starch and soluble sugar, has the advantages of sweet taste, small quantity of silk, fragrant and sweet taste and uniform size, and realizes the cultivation of sweet potato with high yield and high quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting and cultivation, in particular to a high-yield cultivation method of sweet potatoes.
Background
Sweet potato, also called sweet potato, etc., is one of the agricultural products that is popular with consumers and contains rich nutrients such as starch, protein, cellulose, and various vitamins. Along with the diversification of agricultural product markets, the consumers are well aware of the nutrition and health care effects of the sweet potatoes, the market demand is continuously increased, but the existing sweet potato cultivation technology has low yield and insufficient market supply, so that the price of the sweet potatoes is high, the high yield of the sweet potatoes is sought, the problems of low starch and soluble sugar content, low cooked waxy and sweet taste, more silk collaterals, insufficient taste and the like of the produced sweet potatoes are easily caused, and therefore, the high-yield cultivation technology of the sweet potatoes is provided, not only can the yield of the sweet potatoes be greatly increased, but also the starch content of the sweet potatoes, in particular the ratio of amylopectin to total starch content is improved, so that the sweet potatoes have excellent powder waxy property and the effect of increasing the soluble sugar content of the sweet potatoes, the high quality and high yield of sweet potatoes are truly realized, and the market supply and the economic benefit of the sweet potatoes are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a high-yield cultivation method of sweet potatoes, which can remarkably increase the starch content and the soluble sugar content, and the sweet potatoes are sweet and fragrant in taste, have little silk and small silk, have uniform size and realize high-yield and high-quality cultivation of the sweet potatoes.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention provides a high-yield cultivation method of sweet potatoes, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing land, applying fertilizer, deep ploughing for 30-35 cm 2-3 weeks before planting, and applying mixed fertilizer of decomposed poultry manure, ammonium bicarbonate, plant ash and carbonized biochar, wherein the application amount is 2000-2500 kg/mu; ridging, and digging seedling raising pits on the ridges;
(2) Transplanting and planting: planting sweet potato seedlings into seedling raising pits in spring, exposing 3-5 leaves on the surface of the sweet potato seedlings, and burying the rest of sweet potato seedlings in the ground; seedling is slowly grown for 7-10 d, and a dropper is adopted to control the water content of soil to be 60-70%;
(3) The topdressing method comprises the following steps: in the ridge sealing period, a functional nutrient solution is applied, wherein the functional nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1 to 0.3 part of brassinolide and 0.5 to 0.8 part of L-tryptophan, and the functional nutrient solution is diluted by 100 to 150 times and sprayed by 80 to 100 kg/mu;
in the root tuber expanding period, organic fertilizer A is applied twice at intervals of 25-30 d, and 18.5-22.5 kg/mu is applied each time; the organic fertilizer A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 to 32 parts of decomposed poultry manure, 5 to 7 parts of rapeseed bran, 3 to 7 parts of tobacco leaves residues, 4 to 8 parts of mushroom residues, 6 to 10 parts of rice chaff ash and 0.5 to 1.0 part of dolomite powder;
in the later stage of root tuber expansion, applying 36-42 kg/mu of organic fertilizer B and 200-300 times of functional nutrient solution, and spraying every 10-12 d, wherein the application amount is 116-128 kg/mu; the organic fertilizer B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 34-38 parts of decomposed cow dung, 15-17 parts of fermented biogas residues, 8-10 parts of rape straw ashes, ai Caozha 0.5.5-1 parts of oyster shell powder, 1-2 parts of kieselguhr and 3-5 parts of diatomite; the application of the functional nutrient solution is stopped 20-25 days before harvest. The invention relates to a stage topdressing, which is characterized in that a topdressing functional nutrient solution containing brassinosteroids and L-tryptophan in a certain proportion is combined with an organic fertilizer A and an organic fertilizer B in a certain proportion in a ridge sealing period and a root tuber expanding period, so that the growth of stems and leaves is ensured, the stem and leaf decay in the later stage of root tuber expansion is delayed, the absorption and rapid expansion of root tuber nutrient substances are effectively promoted, the accumulation of starch and soluble sugar of the root tuber is obviously increased, and meanwhile, the growth of rhizomes is maintained and coordinated by controlling the repeated and small application in the later stage of root tuber expansion, the silk collaterals of sweet potatoes are reduced, the taste of the sweet potatoes is improved, and the yield of the sweet potatoes is increased.
Further, the mass ratio of the decomposed poultry manure to the ammonium carbonate, the plant ash to the carbonized biochar is as follows: and the ratio of the soil to the soil is 10:3:7:1, so that the soil nutrient components and the structure are improved, and the growth of the seedling stage is promoted.
Further described, the functional nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 14 parts of active humic acid, 8 to 10 parts of water-soluble chitosan, 7 to 9 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2 to 4 parts of pyroligneous liquor, 5 to 7 parts of urea, 0.1 to 0.3 part of brassinolide, 0.5 to 0.8 part of L-tryptophan, 0.3 to 0.5 part of naphthylacetic acid, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 3 to 5 parts of tween-20 and 30 to 40 parts of water.
More preferably, the functional nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of active humic acid, 9 parts of water-soluble chitosan, 8 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 3 parts of wood vinegar, 6 parts of urea, 0.2 part of brassinolide, 0.6 part of L-tryptophan, 0.4 part of naphthylacetic acid, 1.0 part of EM microbial inoculum, 20 parts of tween-20 and 35 parts of water.
Further, after 45d of seedling planting, the light Shi Dimiao fertilizer is 8-15 kg/mu, and the seedling lifting fertilizer is formed by compounding monopotassium phosphate, urea and calcium superphosphate according to the mass ratio of 2:0.5:3.5, so that the growth of root systems in the seedling stage is promoted.
Further, urea and potash sulphate fertilizer are applied during the branching period; applying urea with a weight of 5-10 kg/mu; applying 5-12.5 kg/mu of potassium sulfate fertilizer. Promote branches to throw vines, increase nutrient absorption of rhizomes, and stimulate growth of stems and leaves and formation of root systems of tubers.
Further, in the vine throwing period, applying 15-20 kg/mu of potash fertilizer; the potash fertilizer is compounded by dipotassium phosphate trihydrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to the mass ratio of 3:1, so that the growth of seedling vines is promoted, the growth of underground parts is enhanced, and the accumulation of root tuber nutrient substances is improved.
Further, the field planting density of the sweet potato seedlings is 3500-6000 seedlings/mu.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention mainly uses a certain organic compound base fertilizer to further effectively control the additional fertilizer management of the sweet potato in the growth stage, carries out the stage additional fertilizer treatment of the sweet potato in the key growth stage, combines the functional nutrient solution containing brassinolide and L-tryptophan with different organic fertilizers, realizes the organic regulation and control of the growth of the overground and underground parts of the sweet potato, synchronously promotes the growth of stems and leaves and the rapid expansion of tuberous roots, increases the accumulation of starch and sugar, and improves the yield of the tuberous roots; thereby not only greatly improving the yield of the sweet potato, but also improving the content of nutrient substances of the sweet potato, obviously increasing the starch content and the soluble sugar content, increasing the ratio of amylopectin to total starch content, ensuring that the sweet potato has the advantages of glutinous taste, less silk, fragrant and sweet taste and uniform size, and realizing the cultivation of the sweet potato with high yield and high quality.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, the following provides specific examples to further illustrate the present invention.
The experimental methods used in the embodiment of the invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents, and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1-a method for high yield cultivation of sweet potatoes comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing soil, applying fertilizer, deep ploughing for 30cm 2 weeks before planting, and applying mixed fertilizer of thoroughly decomposed poultry manure, ammonium bicarbonate, plant ash and carbonized biochar, wherein the application amount is 2000 kg/mu; ridging, and digging seedling raising pits on the ridges;
(2) Transplanting and planting: planting sweet potato seedlings in seedling raising pits in spring, exposing 3 leaves on the surface, burying the rest part under the ground, and setting the planting density to 3500 seedlings/mu; seedling 7d, and controlling the water content of soil to be 60% by adopting a dropper;
(3) The topdressing method comprises the following steps: in the ridge sealing period, a functional nutrient solution is applied, and the functional nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1 part of brassinolide and 0.5 part of L-tryptophan, and diluting the functional nutrient solution by 100 times and spraying 80 kg/mu;
in the root tuber expanding period, organic fertilizer A is applied twice at intervals of 25d, and 18.5 kg/mu is applied each time; the organic fertilizer A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of decomposed poultry manure, 5 parts of rapeseed bran, 3 parts of tobacco leaves residues, 4 parts of mushroom residues, 6-parts of rice chaff ash and 0.5 part of dolomite powder;
in the later stage of root tuber expansion, applying an organic fertilizer B and a functional nutrient solution, wherein the organic fertilizer B is applied for 36 kg/mu, the functional nutrient solution is diluted by 200 times, and the organic fertilizer B is sprayed every 10 days, and the application amount is 116 kg/mu; the organic fertilizer B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 34 parts of decomposed cow dung, 15 parts of fermented biogas residues, 8 parts of rape straw ashes, 0.5 part of mugwort residues, 1 part of oyster shell powder and 3 parts of diatomite; the application of the functional nutrient solution was stopped 20d before harvest.
Example 2-a method for high yield cultivation of sweet potatoes comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing land, applying fertilizer, deep ploughing for 35cm 3 weeks before planting, and applying mixed fertilizer prepared by mixing thoroughly decomposed poultry manure, ammonium bicarbonate, plant ash and carbonized biochar according to a mass ratio of 10:3:7:1, wherein the application amount is 2500 kg/mu; ridging, and digging seedling raising pits on the ridges;
(2) Transplanting and planting: planting sweet potato seedling in seedling raising pit in spring, exposing 5 leaves on the surface, burying the rest part under the ground, and setting planting density at 6000 seedlings/mu; seedling 10d is buffered, and a dropper is adopted to control the water content of soil to be 70%;
(3) The topdressing method comprises the following steps: in the ridge sealing period, the functional nutrient solution is applied, and the functional nutrient solution is diluted 150 times and sprayed 80-100 kg/mu; the functional nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of active humic acid, 8 parts of water-soluble chitosan, 7 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2 parts of wood vinegar, 5 parts of urea, 0.1 part of brassinolide, 0.5 part of L-tryptophan, 0.3 part of naphthylacetic acid, 0.5 part of EM microbial inoculum, 20 parts of tween-20 and 30 parts of water;
in the root tuber expanding period, organic fertilizer A is applied twice at intervals of 30d, and 22.5 kg/mu is applied each time; the organic fertilizer A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 32 parts of decomposed poultry manure, 7 parts of rapeseed bran, 7 parts of tobacco leaves residues, 8 parts of mushroom residues, 10 parts of rice chaff ash and 1 part of dolomite powder;
in the later stage of root tuber expansion, organic fertilizer B and functional nutrient solution are applied, wherein the organic fertilizer B is applied for 42 kg/mu, the functional nutrient solution is diluted 300 times, and the organic fertilizer B is sprayed every 12d, and the application amount is 128 kg/mu; the organic fertilizer B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 38 parts of decomposed cow dung, 17 parts of fermented biogas residues, 10 parts of rape straw ashes, 1 part of mugwort residues, 2 parts of oyster shell powder and 5 parts of diatomite; the application of the functional nutrient solution was stopped 25d before harvest.
Example 3-a method for high yield cultivation of sweet potatoes comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing land, applying fertilizer, deep ploughing for 35cm 3 weeks before planting, and applying mixed fertilizer prepared by mixing thoroughly decomposed poultry manure, ammonium bicarbonate, plant ash and carbonized biochar according to a mass ratio of 10:3:7:1, wherein the application amount is 2280 kg/mu; ridging, and digging seedling raising pits on the ridges;
(2) Transplanting and planting: planting sweet potato seedlings in seedling raising pits in spring, exposing 4 leaves on the surface, burying the rest part under the ground, and setting the planting density to 4700 seedlings/mu; seedling 8d, and controlling the water content of soil to 65% by adopting a dropper;
(3) The topdressing method comprises the following steps:
after 45d of seedling planting, the seedling raising fertilizer is prepared by compounding 8 kg/mu of light Shi Dimiao fertilizer, namely monopotassium phosphate, urea and calcium superphosphate according to the mass ratio of 2:0.5:3.5;
in the ridge sealing period, the functional nutrient solution is applied, and the functional nutrient solution is diluted 150 times and sprayed for 90 kg/mu; the functional nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14 parts of active humic acid, 10 parts of water-soluble chitosan, 9 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 4 parts of wood vinegar, 7 parts of urea, 0.3 part of brassinolide, 0.8 part of L-tryptophan, 0.5 part of naphthylacetic acid, 1.5 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 20 parts of tween-20 and 40 parts of water;
in the root tuber expanding period, organic fertilizer A is applied twice at intervals of 28d, and 20.5 kg/mu is applied each time; the organic fertilizer A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of decomposed poultry manure, 6 parts of rapeseed bran, 5 parts of tobacco leaves residues, 6 parts of mushroom residues, 8 parts of rice chaff ash and 0.6 part of dolomite powder;
in the later stage of root tuber expansion, applying an organic fertilizer B and a functional nutrient solution, wherein the organic fertilizer B is applied for 40 kg/mu, the functional nutrient solution is diluted 300 times, and the organic fertilizer B is sprayed every 11 days, and the application amount is 120 kg/mu; the organic fertilizer B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36 parts of decomposed cow dung, 16 parts of fermented biogas residues, 9 parts of rape straw ashes, 0.8 part of mugwort residues, 1.5 parts of oyster shell powder and 4 parts of diatomite; the functional nutrient solution was stopped at 22d before harvest.
Example 4-a method for high yield cultivation of sweet potatoes comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing land, applying fertilizer, deep ploughing for 35cm 3 weeks before planting, and applying mixed fertilizer prepared by mixing thoroughly decomposed poultry manure, ammonium bicarbonate, plant ash and carbonized biochar according to a mass ratio of 10:3:7:1, wherein the application amount is 2280 kg/mu; ridging, and digging seedling raising pits on the ridges;
(2) Transplanting and planting: planting sweet potato seedlings in seedling raising pits in spring, exposing 4 leaves on the surface, burying the rest part under the ground, and setting the planting density to 4700 seedlings/mu; seedling 8d, and controlling the water content of soil to 65% by adopting a dropper;
(3) The topdressing method comprises the following steps:
after 45d of seedling planting, the light Shi Dimiao fertilizer is 15 kg/mu, and the seedling lifting fertilizer is formed by compounding monopotassium phosphate, urea and calcium superphosphate according to the mass ratio of 2:0.5:3.5;
in the ridge sealing period, the functional nutrient solution is applied, and the functional nutrient solution is diluted 150 times and sprayed for 90 kg/mu; the functional nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of active humic acid, 9 parts of water-soluble chitosan, 8 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 3 parts of wood vinegar, 6 parts of urea, 0.2 part of brassinolide, 0.6 part of L-tryptophan, 0.4 part of naphthylacetic acid, 1.0 part of EM microbial inoculum, 20 parts of tween-and 35 parts of water;
in the root tuber expanding period, organic fertilizer A is applied twice at intervals of 28d, and 20.5 kg/mu is applied each time; the organic fertilizer A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of decomposed poultry manure, 6 parts of rapeseed bran, 5 parts of tobacco leaves residues, 6 parts of mushroom residues, 8 parts of rice chaff ash and 0.6 part of dolomite powder;
in the later stage of root tuber expansion, applying an organic fertilizer B and a functional nutrient solution, wherein the organic fertilizer B is applied for 40 kg/mu, the functional nutrient solution is diluted 300 times, and the organic fertilizer B is sprayed every 11 days, and the application amount is 120 kg/mu; the organic fertilizer B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36 parts of decomposed cow dung, 16 parts of fermented biogas residues, 9 parts of rape straw ashes, 0.8 part of mugwort residues, 1.5 parts of oyster shell powder and 4 parts of diatomite; the functional nutrient solution was stopped at 22d before harvest.
Example 5-a method for high yield cultivation of sweet potato, differing from example 4 in: the topdressing method in the step (3) further comprises the step of taking up Shi Dimiao fertilizer 8-15 kg/mu after 45d of seedling planting, wherein the seedling lifting fertilizer is prepared by compounding monopotassium phosphate, urea and calcium superphosphate according to a mass ratio of 2:0.5:3.5.
Example 6 a high yield cultivation method of sweet potato, which is different from example 4 in that: in the vine throwing period, dressing 15-20 kg/mu of potash fertilizer; the potash fertilizer is prepared by compounding dipotassium phosphate trihydrate and potassium phosphate monobasic according to a mass ratio of 3:1.
Comparative example 1-a high yield cultivation method of sweet potato, which is different from example 4 in that: the single decomposed poultry manure is used for replacing the organic fertilizer A and the organic fertilizer B, and the staged topdressing is carried out according to the method of the embodiment 4 and the functional nutrient solution with brassinosteroids and L-tryptophan.
Comparative example 2-a high yield cultivation method of sweet potato, which is different from example 4 in that: in the fertilizing method, the functional nutrient solution is not applied in the ridge sealing period.
Comparative example 3-a high yield cultivation method of sweet potato, which is different from example 4 in that: in the topdressing method, the same amount of functional nutrient solution is applied at one time in the later stage of the root tuber swelling period.
According to the field cultivation experiments of the sweet potatoes with flower centers by the cultivation methods of examples and comparative examples, 3 repeated experimental fields are set in each group, the respective sweet potato yields after harvest are counted, and the soluble sugar, starch content and amylopectin ratio of the sweet potatoes are measured, and the quality of the sweet potatoes is evaluated, with the results shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the results of the table, according to the cultivation method of the sweet potatoes in the embodiments 2-6, the acre yield of the sweet potatoes can reach 4394 kg/acre, the starch content and the soluble sugar of the sweet potatoes are obviously improved, the proportion of amylopectin is increased, silk is less, the powder waxy property of the sweet potatoes is improved, the taste is sweet, and the sweet potatoes are uniform in size. The sweet potato yield, total starch content and soluble sugar content of comparative example 1 were significantly reduced; the obvious proportion of the amylopectin in the comparative examples 2-3 to the total starch is reduced, the waxy taste is insufficient, and the total starch content and the soluble sugar in the comparative example 3 are also obviously reduced, which shows that the invention adopts the functional nutrient solution containing brassinolide and L-tryptophan to be mutually combined with different organic fertilizers in the stage topdressing treatment of the key growth period of the sweet potato, thereby being beneficial to improving the yield of the sweet potato, effectively promoting the accumulation of starch and sugar, improving the taste of the sweet potato and realizing the high quality and high yield of the sweet potato.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A high-yield cultivation method of sweet potatoes is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing land, applying fertilizer, deep ploughing for 30-35 cm 2-3 weeks before planting, and applying mixed fertilizer of decomposed poultry manure, ammonium bicarbonate, plant ash and carbonized biochar, wherein the application amount is 2000-2500 kg/mu; ridging, and digging seedling raising pits on the ridges;
(2) Transplanting and planting: planting sweet potato seedlings into seedling raising pits in spring, exposing 3-5 leaves on the surface of the sweet potato seedlings, and burying the rest of sweet potato seedlings in the ground; seedling is slowly grown for 7-10 d, and a dropper is adopted to control the water content of soil to be 60-70%;
(3) The topdressing method comprises the following steps: in the ridge sealing period, a functional nutrient solution is applied, wherein the functional nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1 to 0.3 part of brassinolide and 0.5 to 0.8 part of L-tryptophan, and the functional nutrient solution is diluted by 100 to 150 times and sprayed by 80 to 100 kg/mu;
after 45d of seedling planting, the seedling raising fertilizer is prepared by compounding 8-15 kg/mu of light Shi Dimiao fertilizer, namely monopotassium phosphate, urea and calcium superphosphate according to the mass ratio of 2:0.5:3.5; in the branching period, urea and potassium sulfate fertilizer are applied, the urea is applied for 5-10 kg/mu, and the potassium sulfate fertilizer is applied for 5-12.5 kg/mu; in the vine throwing period, dressing 15-20 kg/mu of potash fertilizer, wherein the potash fertilizer is compounded by dipotassium phosphate trihydrate and potassium phosphate monobasic according to the mass ratio of 3:1;
in the root tuber expanding period, organic fertilizer A is applied twice at intervals of 25-30 d, and 18.5-22.5 kg/mu is applied each time; the organic fertilizer A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 to 32 parts of decomposed poultry manure, 5 to 7 parts of rapeseed bran, 3 to 7 parts of tobacco leaves residues, 4 to 8 parts of mushroom residues, 6 to 10 parts of rice chaff ash and 0.5 to 1.0 part of dolomite powder;
in the later stage of root tuber expansion, applying 36-42 kg/mu of organic fertilizer B and 200-300 times of functional nutrient solution, and spraying every 10-12 d, wherein the application amount is 116-128 kg/mu; the organic fertilizer B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 34-38 parts of decomposed cow dung, 15-17 parts of fermented biogas residues, 8-10 parts of rape straw ashes, ai Caozha 0.5.5-1 parts of oyster shell powder, 1-2 parts of kieselguhr and 3-5 parts of diatomite; stopping applying the functional nutrient solution 20-25 days before harvesting;
the functional nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 14 parts of active humic acid, 8 to 10 parts of water-soluble chitosan, 7 to 9 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2 to 4 parts of pyroligneous liquor, 5 to 7 parts of urea, 0.1 to 0.3 part of brassinolide, 0.5 to 0.8 part of L-tryptophan, 0.3 to 0.5 part of naphthylacetic acid, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 3 to 5 parts of tween-20 and 30 to 40 parts of water.
2. The high-yield cultivation method of sweet potato as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the decomposed poultry manure to the ammonium bicarbonate to the plant ash to the carbonized biochar is 10:3:7:1.
3. The high-yield cultivation method of sweet potato as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the functional nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of active humic acid, 9 parts of water-soluble chitosan, 8 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 3 parts of wood vinegar, 6 parts of urea, 0.2 part of brassinolide, 0.6 part of L-tryptophan, 0.4 part of naphthylacetic acid, 1.0 part of EM microbial inoculum, 20 parts of tween-20 and 35 parts of water.
4. The high-yield cultivation method of sweet potato as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the field planting density of the sweet potato seedlings is 3500-6000 seedlings/mu.
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