CN1130385C - 氧化的茂金属聚烯烃蜡 - Google Patents
氧化的茂金属聚烯烃蜡 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1130385C CN1130385C CN97194272A CN97194272A CN1130385C CN 1130385 C CN1130385 C CN 1130385C CN 97194272 A CN97194272 A CN 97194272A CN 97194272 A CN97194272 A CN 97194272A CN 1130385 C CN1130385 C CN 1130385C
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- metallocene
- oxidized
- petroleum waves
- polyolefine
- oxidized petroleum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 14
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- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010955 niobium Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 2
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010937 tungsten Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- DPSOUODMTOWXTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1=C(C)C(C)([Ti])C(C)=C1C Chemical compound CC1=C(C)C(C)([Ti])C(C)=C1C DPSOUODMTOWXTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJDJZYLJEVRQNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC=C1C(C(C2=CC=CC=C22)C3=C2C(C)=C(C)C(C)=C3C)=CC=C1.Cl.Cl Chemical compound CC=C1C(C(C2=CC=CC=C22)C3=C2C(C)=C(C)C(C)=C3C)=CC=C1.Cl.Cl UJDJZYLJEVRQNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJONFIGVOQMBIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Cl[Zr](Cl)C1C=CC=C1 Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)C1C=CC=C1 XJONFIGVOQMBIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NZDLIIBVQQCHBI-UHFFFAOYSA-L Cl[Zr]Cl.CC1=C[CH]C=C1 Chemical compound Cl[Zr]Cl.CC1=C[CH]C=C1 NZDLIIBVQQCHBI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/06—Other polishing compositions
- C09G1/08—Other polishing compositions based on wax
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F10/02—Ethene
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/16—Coating with a protective layer; Compositions or apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/65908—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond in combination with an ionising compound other than alumoxane, e.g. (C6F5)4B-X+
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种通过氧化用茂金属催化反应得到的分子量Mw为1000-40,000g/mol的聚烯烃而制得的氧化蜡。
Description
本发明涉及通过氧化用茂金属催化反应得到的分子量Mw为1000-40,000g/mol的聚烯烃而制得的氧化蜡。用茂金属催化反应得到的聚烯烃,为简化起见,下文中称为茂金属聚烯烃。
此外,本发明涉及制备氧化聚烯烃蜡的方法,该法是将分子量Mw为1000-40,000g/mol的聚烯烃用含氧试剂在140-350℃氧化,以制备氧化聚烯烃蜡,本文还涉及氧化蜡在涂料组合物、或在地板上光剂中的应用,以及氧化聚烯烃蜡在柑果类的涂料组合物中的应用。
氧化聚烯烃蜡是已知的。它们通常是通过用空气或纯氧氧化一般是低分子量的Ziegler聚乙烯、Phillips聚乙烯(PE-HD)或高压聚乙烯(PE-LD)得到,见“塑料手册”(Kunststoff-Handbuch),第4卷,161页,Carl-Hanser出版社,1969。
这种氧化蜡已经在各种应用场合,例如地板或柑果类的表面处理,作涂料组合物。
聚烯烃蜡氧化,在起始聚烯烃的聚合物链上形成羧基,羧基的数目通过酸值确定。高酸值的蜡通常是有利的,因为这种蜡具有更好的可分散性和可涂敷性。
在已知的Phillips聚乙烯蜡、Ziegler聚乙烯蜡或,特别是高压聚乙烯蜡的氧化时,观察到氧化蜡的熔点比起始聚合物的熔点下降很大,这伴随着不希望的氧化蜡的硬度下降。但是,高硬度和因而高熔点的氧化蜡用作例如地板上光或柑果类的保鲜的涂料组合物是有利的。
此外,已知的聚烯烃的氧化造成不希望的酸值与皂化值之比<1∶1的结果,这通常对蜡在水性介质中的分散性产生不良的影响。通过增加酸值与皂化值之比,通常可以提高分散性。
本发明一个目的是发现弥补上述缺点的方法,和特别是提供具有较高分子量和同时高酸值、高皂化值和较高硬度以及高熔点的氧化聚烯烃蜡。
此外,本发明的目的还提供一种聚烯烃的氧化方法,该方法可得到具有上述所要求性能的氧化聚烯烃蜡。
由此本发明发现了通过氧化用茂金属催化反应得到的分子量Mw为1000-40,000g/mol聚烯烃而得到的氧化蜡和制备氧化聚烯烃蜡的方法,该法包括将分子量Mw为1000-40,000g/mol的聚烯烃用含氧试剂在140-350℃氧化,其特征在于所用的聚烯烃是用茂金属催化反应得到的。
本发明还发现氧化蜡在涂料组合物中的应用,或在地板上光剂中的应用,以及氧化蜡在柑果类的涂料组合物中的应用。
作为氧化蜡原料的聚烯烃的重均分子量Mw,由凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)在135℃的1,2,4-三氯苯中,以聚乙烯或聚丙烯作标准物测定,其范围在2000-40,000g/mol,优选为2000-20,000g/mol。作为氧化蜡原料的聚烯烃的分散度Mw/Mn,由上述GPC测定,其通常的范围为1.5-3.0,优选为1.8-2.5.
作为氧化蜡原料的聚烯烃可由相应的单体在茂金属催化剂的存在下聚合得到(茂金属催化)。
比较适合的单体是乙烯和C3-C10-烷-1-烯,也即丙烯、1-丁烯、1-戊烯、1-己烯、1-庚烯、1-辛烯、1-壬烯、1-癸烯。优选用乙烯和/或丙烯作单体。
单体可以进行均聚或相互以任何比例进行共聚。优选的作为氧化蜡原料的聚烯烃是乙烯均聚物,其密度为0.90-0.98g/cm3,优选为0.94-0.97g/cm3,和Mw,如上述那样通过GPC测定,通常为2000-40,000g/mol,优选为2000-20,000g/mol。
其他适合的起始聚烯烃是乙烯/C3-C10-链烯-1共聚物,其含由一个或多个链烯-1衍生的结构单元占总共聚物的0.1-15%(摩尔),优选为1-10%(摩尔)。优选的乙烯/C3-C10-链烯-1共聚物是乙烯/丙烯共聚物,其中,丙烯衍生的结构单元占总共聚物的0.1-10%(摩尔),优选为1-5%(摩尔)。共聚物的Mw,如上述那样通过GPC测定,通常为2000-40,000g/mol,优选为2000-20,000g/mol。
其他优选的作为氧化蜡原料的聚烯烃是全同丙烯均聚物,其中全同五单元组mmmm的含量,通过13C-NMR光谱测定,为90-98%,和Mw,如上述那样通过GPC测定,通常为2000-40,000g/mol,优选为2000-20,000g/mol。
其他适合的基础聚烯烃是丙烯与乙烯和/或C4-C10-链烯-1共聚物。这些丙烯共聚物通常含有的乙烯和/或C4-C10-链烯-l衍生的结构单元占总共聚物的0.1-15%(摩尔),优选为1-10%(摩尔)。优选的丙烯共聚物是丙烯-乙烯共聚物,其中,乙烯衍生的结构单元占总共聚物的0.1-10%(摩尔),优选为1-5%(摩尔)。丙烯共聚物的Mw,如上述那样通过GPC测定,通常为1000-40,000g/mol,优选为1000-20,000g/mol。
单体是在茂金属催化剂(茂金属催化)的存在下进行均聚或共聚。
对本发明来说,茂金属催化剂是通常由过渡金属化合物或几种过渡金属化合物,优选为含有至少一种从最广义上讲是环戊二烯基衍生物配位基的钛、锆或铪的化合物,与活化剂相化合所形成的,和通常对所述单体进行活性聚合的物质,上述活化剂也称为共催化剂或能形成茂金属离子的化合物。这种催化剂见述于例如欧洲专利申请0 545 303、0 576970和0 582 194。本发明的催化剂体系通常含有以下的活性成分
其中的取代基和指数的含义如下:
M是钛、锆、铪、钒、铌、钽、铬、钼或钨,
X1、X2是氟、氯、溴、碘、氢、C1-C10-烷基、C6-C15-芳基、-OR6或-NR6R7,
其中R6、R7是C1-C10-烷基、C6-C15-芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、氟烷基或氟芳基,各自的烷基具有1-10个碳原子,芳基具有6-20个碳原子,
R1-R5 是氢、C1-C20-烷基、5-7元的环烷基,该环烷基可依次带有C1-C10-烷基作取代基,C6-C15-芳基或芳烷基,或两个邻近的基团一起形成一个4-15个碳原子的环基,或Si(R8)3,其中
R8是C1-C10-烷基、C6-C15-芳基或C3-C10-环烷基,
其中的基团
R9-R13是氢、C1-C20-烷基、5-7元的环烷基,该环烷基可依次带有C1-C10-烷基作取代基,C8-C15-芳基或芳烷基,或两个邻近的基团一起形成一个4-15个碳原子的环基,或Si(R14)3,其中
R14是C1-C10-烷基、C6-C15-芳基或C3-C10-环烷基,
或基团
R4和Z一起形成-〔Y(R16)(R16)〕n-E-基,其中
Y可相同或不相同和各自为硅、锗、锡或碳,
R15、R16是氢、C1-C10-烷基、C3-C10-环烷基或C6-C15-芳基,
n是1、2、3或4,
其中R17是C1-C10-烷基、C6-C15-芳基或C3-C10-环烷基、烷芳基或Si(R18)3
其中R18是C1-C10-烷基、C6-C15-芳基或C3-C10-环烷基或烷芳基
和
B)是能够形成茂金属离子的化合物。
所以,术语茂金属配合物或茂金属不是仅仅指双(η-环戊二烯基)金属配合物和其衍生物。
基团X1、X2可以相同或不同;它们优选是相同的。
特别有用的式(Ia)的化合物是那些化合物,其中
R1和R9是相同的并是氢或C1-C10-烷基,
R5和R13是相同的并是氢、甲基、乙基、异丙基或叔丁基,
R2、R3、R10和R11的含义
R3和R1是C1-C4-烷基,
R2和R10是氢
或两个邻近的基团R2和R3或R10和R1一起形成的4-12个
碳原子的环基,R15、R16是C1-C8-烷基,M是钛、锆或铪,Y是硅、锗、锡或碳和X1、X2是氯或C1-C4-烷基。特别有用的配合物的例子是:二氯化二甲基甲硅烷二基双(环戊二烯基)锆,二氯化二甲基甲硅烷二基(茚基)锆,二氯化二甲基甲硅烷二基双(四氢茚基)锆,二氯化亚乙基双(环戊二烯基)锆,二氯化亚乙基双(茚基)锆,二氯化亚乙基双(四氢茚基)锆,二氯化四甲基亚乙基-9-芴基环戊二烯基锆,二氯化二甲基甲硅烷二基双(3-叔丁基-5-甲基环戊二烯基)锆,二氯化二甲基甲硅烷二基双(3-叔丁基-5-乙基环戊二烯基)锆,二甲基甲硅烷二基双(3-叔丁基-5-甲基环戊二烯基)二甲基锆,二氯化二甲基甲硅烷二基双(2-甲基茚基)锆,二氯化二甲基甲硅烷二基双(2-异丙基茚基)锆,二氯化二甲基甲硅烷二基双(2-叔丁基茚基)锆,二溴化二乙基甲硅烷二基双(2-甲基茚基)锆,二氯化二甲基甲硅烷二基双(3-甲基-5-甲基环戊二烯基)锆,二氯化二甲基甲硅烷二基双(3-乙基-5-异丙基环戊二烯基)锆,二甲基甲硅烷二基双(2-甲基茚基)二甲基锆,二氯化二甲基甲硅烷二基双〔3,3’-(2-甲基苯茚基)〕锆,二氯化二甲基甲硅烷二基双(2-甲基茚基)铪,二氯化二甲基甲硅烷二基双〔3,3’-(2-甲基苯茚基)〕铪,
二甲基甲硅烷二基双〔3,3’-(2-甲基苯茚基)〕二甲基锆。
特别有用的的式(Ib)的化合物是那些化合物,其中
M是钛或锆,
X1、X2是氯或C1-C10-烷基,
Y当n=1是硅或碳,或当n=2是碳,
R15、R16是C1-C8-烷基、C5-或C6-环烷基或C6-C10-芳基,
和
R1-R3和R5是氢、C1-C10-烷基、C3-C10-环烷基、C6-C15-芳基或Si(R8)3,或两个邻近的基团形成一个4-12个碳原子的环基。
特别有用的(Ic)的化合物是其中Z是X1或X2,并且X1和X2是相同的那些化合物。优选X1、X2是氢或C1-C4-烷基和(Ic)中R1-R5是C1-C4-烷基。
X1、X2优选为卤素或C1-C4-烷基和R1-R5和R9-R13优选为氢、C1-C20-烷基,如甲基、乙基、正丙基、叔丁基、正己基、正辛基,特别是十八烷基。
特别有用的化合物(Ic)的例子是五甲基环戊二烯基三甲基钛、三氯化五甲基环戊二烯基钛和二氯化双(十八烷基环戊二烯基)锆、二氯化双环戊二烯基锆、二氯化双(五甲基环戊二烯基)锆、二氯化双(甲基环戊二烯基)锆、二氯化双(正丁基环戊二烯基)锆、二氯化双(正十八烷基环戊二烯基)锆。
这种过渡金属化合物(I)可以通过已知的方法合成,优选通过使适当取代的环烷链烯基阴离子与过渡金属,例如钛、锆、铪、钒、铌、钽、铬、钼或钨的卤化物反应的方法合成。适合的制备方法见述于“有机金属化学杂志”(Journal of Organometallic Chemistry)369卷(1989),359-370页。
能够形成茂金属离子的化合物B)是本领域的技术人员所已知的,见述于例如WO 95/14044。
比较适合的化合物B)是,例如开链或环状的式(II)或(III)的铝氧烷化合物
其中R19是C1-C4-烷基、优选为甲基或乙基,m是5-30的整数,优选为10-15。
这些低聚的铝氧烷化合物通常是通过三烷基铝的溶液与水反应制备,并见述于欧洲专利申请284 708和美国专利申请4,794,096。
以这种方法得到的低聚的铝氧烷化合物通常是不同长度的线性和环链分子两者的混合物,所以m可看作是一个平均值。铝氧烷化合物也可以与其他金属烷基化合物,优选为铝烷基化合物的混合物形式存在。
已经发现,茂金属配合物和低聚的铝氧烷化合物的用量按以下的比例是有利的,即低聚的铝氧烷化合物的铝与茂金属配合物的过渡金属的原子比为1∶1-105∶1,特别是100∶1-1000∶1。
作为形成茂金属离子的化合物B),也可使用选自强的、中性路易斯酸的配位化合物。
优选的强的、中性路易斯酸是通式IV的化合物
M2X3X4X5 (IV)
其中
M2是周期表主族III的元素,特别是B、Al、或Ga,优选为B,
X3、X4和X5为氢、C1-C10-烷基、C6-C15-芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、卤烷基或卤芳基,各个基团的烷基含1-10个碳原子,芳基含6-20个碳原子,或氟、氯、溴或碘,特别是卤芳基,如氟芳基,优选为五氟苯基。
特别优选的通式(IV)的化合物,其中X3、X4和X5是相同的,优选为三(五氟苯基)硼烷。这些化合物和其制备方法本身是已知的和见述于例如WO 93/3067。
已经发现,能够形成茂金属离子的化合物中的硼与茂金属配合物中的过渡金属的摩尔比为0.1∶1-10∶1,特别是1∶1-5∶1,是特别有利的。
形成茂金属离子的化合物B)通常是单独使用,与另一种化合物混合使用或与周期表的第一至第三主族元素的有机金属化合物,例如正丁基锂、二正丁基镁、丁基辛基镁、三甲基铝、三乙基铝、三异丁基铝、氢化二异丁基铝混合使用;组分的混合比通常没有限制。
优选用C1-C10-烷基铝氧烷,特别是甲基铝氧烷,作为形成茂金属离子的化合物B)。
由烯类不饱和烃制备聚合物可以在通常的反应器中进行,方式可以是连续的或优选为间歇的。
适合的反应器特别是连续操作的搅拌容器;如果需要,也可以用一组串联的搅拌容器。聚合反应可以在气相中、悬浮液中、液相或超临界单体中或惰性溶剂中进行。
聚合条件本身没有限制。压力为0.1-500,000kPa,优选为100-250,000kPa,特别是100-100,000kPa,温度为0-450℃,优选为20-250℃,特别是50-100℃是适合的。
聚合物的平均分子量可以通过聚合工艺中的常规方法控制,例如,通过加入通常导致聚合物分子量降低的分子量调节剂,如氢,或通过变动聚合温度,在这种情况下高聚合温度通常导致分子量的降低。
用茂金属催化反应制备聚烯烃蜡的适合的方法见述于WO 88/02009(高压法)和欧洲专利申请0 321 851、欧洲专利申请0 416 566和欧洲专利申请0 571 882。
在一种优选的方法中,聚乙烯蜡特别是通过乙烯在高压条件下聚合制备的。为此,要将乙烯和任何所需的其他C3-C10-链烯-1加压至50,000kPa以上,优选100,000-350,000kPa。为了引发聚合反应,这时加入含有适合的活化剂(如烷基铝化合物和/或甲基铝氧烷)或硼酸酯(例如,四(五氟苯基)硼酸N,N-二甲基苯铵)的催化剂溶液。反应温度通常升至最高300℃,优选200-250℃。反应器的形式本身没有限制;可能的结构形式是连续操作的管式反应器或连续操作的搅拌高压釜。为了制备本发明的聚烯烃氧化物,特别适合的催化剂体系是用四(五氟苯基)硼酸N,N-二甲基苯铵活化的二氯化双(正丁基环戊二烯基)锆。
作为氧化蜡原料的聚烯烃的氧化可以用氧、含氧气体,优选空气进行。优选用空气来氧化聚烯烃。为有助于氧化,可以加入有机过氧化物如叔丁基过氧化物;加入重金属的盐如乙酸锰也是可取的。
适合的聚烯烃蜡的氧化方法是已知的,见述于例如德国专利申请-2035706。
在一个优选的方法中,本发明的茂金属聚烯烃,优选为乙烯均聚物,在管式反应器或带搅拌的高压釜中与含氧气体,优选与空气反应,反应温度为140-350℃,优选150-250℃,反应压力为100-20,000kPa,优选为500-4000kPa。氧的加入量通常为0.1-1000l 氧/hxkg蜡.优选为1-50l氧/hxkg蜡。
以这种方法得到的氧化聚烯烃蜡,特别是来自乙烯均聚物的氧化蜡,其酸值与皂化值的比例为1∶1-1∶4,优选为1∶1-1∶2。
酸值是根据DIN 53402用滴定法测定。皂化值是根据DIN 53401用滴定法测定。适合的酸值为1-150g KOH/g,优选为10-15g KOH/g,特别优选为15-30g KOH/g。本发明氧化蜡的熔点,根据DIN 51007用差示扫描量热法(DSC)测定,通常为90-125℃,优选为110-125℃。
本发明氧化蜡的硬度,以DIN 50133的球压硬度法测定,通常为800-2000N/mm2,优选为1000-1500 N/mm2。
本发明氧化蜡的粘度,根据DIN 51562,用Ubbelohde熔化粘度法在140℃测定,通常为100-1000cst,优选为200-5000cst。
本发明的蜡通常用作涂料组合物或涂料组合物的组分。该涂料组合物通常具有高硬度和高光泽。
实施例
本发明的实施例是用乙烯通过高压法聚合制备的均聚乙烯蜡。聚合是在装备有搅拌马达的连续操作的1升高压釜中进行的。乙烯和氢在压力下连续地引入高压釜,高压釜内的聚合压力调节到150,000kPa。在一个分开的配料容器中,将三异丁基铝的庚烷溶液和四(五氟苯基)硼酸N,N-二甲基苯铵的甲苯溶液加到二氯化双(正丁基环戊二烯基)锆的溶液中,其中Zr∶Al和Zr∶B的摩尔比分别为1∶400和1∶1.2。然后将活性催化剂溶液立即,不再有停留时间,计量加入高压釜,反应温度保持在240℃。氢的加入量为120l/h。起始的蜡具有下列的性能:
试样 | M.P.1)〔℃〕 | 硬度2)〔N/mm2〕 | 粘度〔140℃〕3)〔cst.〕 |
1 | 128.3 | 1170 | 350 |
1V*) | 128.7 | 1270 | 380 |
*)Hoechst公司的Ziegler聚乙烯蜡,PE 130
1)根据DIN 51007测定
2)根据DIN 50133测定
3)根据DIN 51562测定
实施例1,1V
蜡1和1V(见上表)的氧化在一个1升钢制的带有压力保持装置的搅拌(叶轮搅拌器)高压釜中进行。将要氧化的蜡置于高压釜中,加热到160℃。在蜡熔化后,启动搅拌器并通入空气(30l/h kg)。当达到所要求的酸值后,停止反应,排出氧化蜡并进行分析。
实施例 | 熔点〔℃〕 | 硬度〔bar〕 | 粘度140℃〔℃〕 | 酸值1)〔g KOH/g〕 | 起始蜡 |
1 | 121.5 | 730 | 125 | 20.5 | 1 |
1V | 117.2 | 660 | 150 | 20.5 | 1V |
1)根据DIN 53402测定
应用实例
在高压釜中将20份实施例1、1V的氧化蜡与2份吗啉和5份三油酸甘油酯及68份水混合,并在150℃加热15分钟。以这种方法得到的乳液冷却到室温、过滤并随后取样测定光泽度。将3ml分散体置于一个60μm的箱式涂敷器中,涂敷到皮革上;涂敷以后测定光泽度值〔85°〕(Dr.Langed仪器,UME-2计)
未涂敷: 5.8
用实施例1的分散体涂敷 8.6
用实施例1V的分散体涂敷 6.4
Claims (8)
1.一种通过氧化用茂金属催化反应得到的分子量Mw为1000-40,000g/mol的聚烯烃而制得的氧化蜡,其中氧化蜡的酸值与皂化值的比为1∶1-1∶4。
2.权利要求1的氧化蜡,其中所用的聚烯烃是乙烯均聚物或共聚物。
3.一种制备氧化聚烯烃蜡的方法,该法包括将分子量Mw为1000-40,000g/mol的聚烯烃用含氧试剂在140-350℃氧化,其中所用的聚烯烃是用茂金属催化反应得到的。
4.权利要求3的方法,其中所用的含氧试剂是空气。
5.权利要求3或4的方法,其特征在于,所用的聚烯烃是乙烯均聚物或共聚物。
6.权利要求1或2中的氧化蜡作为涂料组合物的应用。
7.权利要求1或2中的氧化蜡作为地板上光剂的应用。
8.权利要求1或2中的氧化蜡作为柑果类的涂科组合物的应用。
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AU1850701A (en) * | 1999-12-02 | 2001-06-12 | Frede Sorensen | Oil based treating or impregnation agent containing wax, and applications thereof |
DE19960991C1 (de) | 1999-12-17 | 2001-03-22 | Clariant Gmbh | Formmasse zur Herstellung pulvermetallischer oder keramischer Erzeugnisse |
DE10015593A1 (de) * | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-11 | Clariant Gmbh | Verwendung von Polyolefinwachsen in der Kunststoffverarbeitung |
US6761764B2 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2004-07-13 | Clariant Gmbh | Use of wax mixtures for coatings |
ATE343601T1 (de) * | 2000-06-20 | 2006-11-15 | Basf Ag | Oxidierte polyolefinwachse |
EP1182215B1 (en) | 2000-08-25 | 2011-04-06 | Kaneka Corporation | Method for purification of vinyl polymers |
JP3651892B2 (ja) * | 2001-10-31 | 2005-05-25 | 三井化学株式会社 | コーティング材料用ポリオレフィンワックスおよび印刷インキ組成物 |
DE10159955A1 (de) | 2001-12-06 | 2003-06-26 | Clariant Gmbh | Verwendung von polar modifizierten Polyolefinwachsen in Fototonern |
DE10206015A1 (de) * | 2002-02-14 | 2003-08-28 | Clariant Gmbh | Verwendung von oxidierten Polyolefinwachsen für die textile Ausrüstung |
DE10254280A1 (de) * | 2002-11-20 | 2004-06-03 | Basf Ag | Ethylenterpolymerwachse, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
WO2005066219A1 (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2005-07-21 | Honeywell International Inc. | Process for oxidizing linear low molecular weight polyethylene |
DE102004016790A1 (de) * | 2004-04-06 | 2005-11-17 | Clariant Gmbh | Verwendung von Wachsen als Modifizierungsmittel für gefüllte Kunststoffe |
US7341619B2 (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2008-03-11 | Chevron Phillips Chemical Company, Lp | Olefin waxes having improved hardness or viscosity |
US7527686B2 (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2009-05-05 | Chevron Phillips Chemical Company, Lp | Olefin waxes having improved hardness or viscosity |
US7622031B2 (en) * | 2007-01-15 | 2009-11-24 | Honeywell International Inc | Method for preparing oxidized polyolefin waxes |
WO2008105317A1 (ja) * | 2007-02-27 | 2008-09-04 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | 酸化変性プロピレン系重合体及びその製造方法 |
JP5290959B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-16 | 2013-09-18 | 出光興産株式会社 | 酸化変性α−オレフィン系重合体及びその製造方法 |
WO2010051405A1 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-05-06 | Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp | Compositions and catalyst systems of metal precursors and olefinic diluents |
KR102005861B1 (ko) * | 2018-05-29 | 2019-07-31 | 광운대학교 산학협력단 | 중합조건 조절을 통한 저분자량 및 좁은 분자량 분포를 가지는 폴리에틸렌 왁스 제조방법 |
CN111154017B (zh) * | 2020-01-09 | 2022-11-01 | 山东清河化工科技有限公司 | 一种用于制备聚乙烯蜡的茂金属催化剂组分及其应用 |
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