CN113017054A - 一种白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法 - Google Patents
一种白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113017054A CN113017054A CN202110250662.4A CN202110250662A CN113017054A CN 113017054 A CN113017054 A CN 113017054A CN 202110250662 A CN202110250662 A CN 202110250662A CN 113017054 A CN113017054 A CN 113017054A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ginkgo
- vitamin
- kernels
- bitter
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 235000008100 Ginkgo biloba Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 235000011201 Ginkgo Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 241000218628 Ginkgo Species 0.000 title claims abstract 21
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229960004106 citric acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000194101 Ginkgo biloba Species 0.000 claims description 125
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 19
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 14
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 B complex Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019419 proteases Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 108090000526 Papain Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940055729 papain Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019834 papain Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009461 vacuum packaging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 108090000145 Bacillolysin Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 108091005658 Basic proteases Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 108091005507 Neutral proteases Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000035092 Neutral proteases Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000057297 Pepsin A Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000284 Pepsin A Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002713 calcium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000415 inactivating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940111202 pepsin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940001584 sodium metabisulfite Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010040844 Skin exfoliation Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000004142 Trypsin Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108090000631 Trypsin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930003316 Vitamin D Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012588 trypsin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011710 vitamin D Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940046001 vitamin b complex Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229930184727 ginkgolide Natural products 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- SQGLUEWZRKIEGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ginkgetin Natural products C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C1=CC(=O)C2=C(O)C=C(OC)C(C=3C(=CC=C(C=3)C=3OC4=CC(O)=CC(O)=C4C(=O)C=3)O)=C2O1 SQGLUEWZRKIEGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229930045534 Me ester-Cyclohexaneundecanoic acid Natural products 0.000 abstract description 3
- AIFCFBUSLAEIBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ginkgetin Chemical compound C=1C(OC)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C(C=1)=CC=C(OC)C=1C1=C(O)C=C(O)C(C(C=2)=O)=C1OC=2C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 AIFCFBUSLAEIBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- MOLPUWBMSBJXER-YDGSQGCISA-N bilobalide Chemical compound O([C@H]1OC2=O)C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@]11[C@@](C(C)(C)C)(O)C[C@H]3[C@@]21CC(=O)O3 MOLPUWBMSBJXER-YDGSQGCISA-N 0.000 description 17
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 16
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 16
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- YXHVCZZLWZYHSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (Z)-6-[8-pentadecenyl]salicylic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1C(O)=O YXHVCZZLWZYHSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 5
- YXHVCZZLWZYHSA-FPLPWBNLSA-N Ginkgoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1C(O)=O YXHVCZZLWZYHSA-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 5
- SVINQHQHARVZFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ginkgotoxin Chemical compound COCC1=C(CO)C=NC(C)=C1O SVINQHQHARVZFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019156 vitamin B Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011720 vitamin B Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010062717 Increased upper airway secretion Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 229930003270 Vitamin B Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000002398 materia medica Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000027939 micturition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000026435 phlegm Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 229930063422 Bilobalide A Natural products 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 2
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000007224 Myeloproliferative neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006907 apoptotic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000012730 carminic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020774 essential nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000021119 whey protein Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N (+)-catechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010003210 Arteriosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000032791 BCR-ABL1 positive chronic myelogenous leukemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- SGHZXLIDFTYFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Brilliant Blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C=1C=C(C(=C2C=CC(C=C2)=[N+](CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=CC=1N(CC)CC1=CC=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1 SGHZXLIDFTYFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 206010007882 Cellulitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000010833 Chronic myeloid leukaemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000000059 Dyspnea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010013975 Dyspnoeas Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000008967 Enuresis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010017553 Furuncle Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010064571 Gene mutation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010044091 Globulins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000006395 Globulins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229920001503 Glucan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000869 Homopolysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010067125 Liver injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- UPYKUZBSLRQECL-UKMVMLAPSA-N Lycopene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1C(=C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C(=C)CCCC2(C)C UPYKUZBSLRQECL-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000033761 Myelogenous Chronic BCR-ABL Positive Leukemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010029155 Nephropathy toxic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010029350 Neurotoxicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001135549 Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000001431 Psychomotor Agitation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010063837 Reperfusion injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010038743 Restlessness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000033809 Suppuration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HATRDXDCPOXQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thapsigargin Natural products CCCCCCCC(=O)OC1C(OC(O)C(=C/C)C)C(=C2C3OC(=O)C(C)(O)C3(O)C(CC(C)(OC(=O)C)C12)OC(=O)CCC)C HATRDXDCPOXQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000007536 Thrombosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010044221 Toxic encephalopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000030961 allergic reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006793 arrhythmia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010003119 arrhythmia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000011775 arteriosclerosis disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000000748 cardiovascular system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000005473 carotenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001746 carotenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005487 catechin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechin Natural products OC1Cc2cc(O)cc(O)c2OC1c3ccc(O)c(O)c3 ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229950001002 cianidanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000287 crude extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021186 dishes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930004069 diterpene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004141 diterpene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002888 effect on disease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001779 embryotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000238 embryotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003172 expectorant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003419 expectorant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003944 flavone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002213 flavones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011949 flavones Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182486 flavonoid glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007955 flavonoid glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007760 free radical scavenging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000089 gene mutation induction Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000020686 ginkgo biloba extract Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SQOJOAFXDQDRGF-ZMVGXLHTSA-N ginkgolide b Chemical compound O[C@H]([C@]12[C@H](C(C)(C)C)C[C@H]3OC4=O)C(=O)O[C@H]2O[C@]24[C@@]13[C@H](O)[C@@H]1OC(=O)[C@@H](C)[C@]21O SQOJOAFXDQDRGF-ZMVGXLHTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000019622 heart disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000753 hepatic injury Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000302 ischemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007721 medicinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000031225 myocardial ischemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007694 nephrotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000417 nephrotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007135 neurotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000228 neurotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009931 pascalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009323 psychological health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019192 riboflavin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002477 riboflavin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002151 riboflavin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930009674 sesquiterpene lactone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002107 sesquiterpene lactone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012046 side dish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940001941 soy protein Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940071440 soy protein isolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000010110 spontaneous platelet aggregation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940126680 traditional chinese medicines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005740 tumor formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin A aldehyde Natural products O=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L25/00—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L25/20—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof consisting of whole seeds or seed fragments
- A23L25/25—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof consisting of whole seeds or seed fragments coated with a layer
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/15—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/15—Vitamins
- A23L33/155—Vitamins A or D
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/16—Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
- A23L5/11—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying using oil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
- A23L5/23—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by extraction with solvents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
- A23L5/25—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification using enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
本发明公开了一种白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法，该方法经过脱去粗皮、去壳、脱毒、中和、高静压处理、酶解、浸渍、沥干后，采用涂膜、油炸，制作成脱毒遮苦酥脆白果，或湿法防腐处理后制作成白果脯。本发明的白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法采用独特的脱毒、浸提、酶解和油炸方法，使白果完整脱壳、脱毒、遮苦，去除毒素彻底且尽量保留银杏中所含有的银杏黄酮、银杏内酯、氨基酸、维生素、矿物质等于人体有益的物质，且人工添加维生素、柠檬酸、卵磷脂等营养物质，保证了人体所需营养均衡，低油低温烘炸技术保证了最适的酥脆口感且无摄入过多能量之虞，创新的白果脯则为消费者提供了绵适口感。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品减毒加工技术领域，具体来说，涉及一种白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法。
背景技术
白果(Ginkgo Biloba Seeds)别名银杏果、鸭脚掌、灵眼，为裸子植物门银杏科银杏属植物银杏(Ginkgo biloba L.)的干燥成熟种仁。白果味道甘美、营养丰富，曾为贡品，常被用于食疗及药膳，同时还是一味传统中药材，是药食俱佳的良品。白果作为中药始载于元代的《日用本草》，明·李时珍《本草纲目》记载：白果，熟食温肺益气、定喘咳、缩小便、止白浊，生食降痰、消毒杀虫。清·张秉成《本草便读》中记载：白果，上敛肺金除咳逆，下行湿浊化痰涎。清·叶天士的《本草再新》记载：“补气益心，益肾滋阴，止咳除烦、生肌长肉，排脓拔毒，消疮疖疽瘤”。2015年版《中国药典》亦录有白果，其主治病症为痰多喘咳，带下白浊，遗尿尿频等。《中华本草》中也有收录：白果具有抗菌、祛痰、清除自由基的作用。2002年，卫计委公布的药食均可的中药名单中，白果位列其中。
白果的价值主要体现在食用和药用。中国白果产量占世界总产量的90％，银杏叶、果是出口创汇的重要产品，尤其是防治高血压、心脏病重要的医药原料，目前利用白果的方法主要有两种：一种是通过提取方法提取白果中的活性物质，制成保健品或药品，但是提取方法不仅不能充分利用白果资源，同时易导致环境污染；另一种是炒食、烤食、煮食、配菜、糕点、蜜饯、罐头、饮料和酒类。但是，因为白果自身毒性问题，影响人们食用，长久脱离大众坚果拼盘，总体利用率不高。市场偶有银杏粉在售，但吃法和传统吃法相去甚远，缺乏爽快口感。
白果的营养情况：白果果仁除含有淀粉、蛋白质、脂肪、糖类之外，还富含维生素C、核黄素、胡萝卜素、钙、磷、铁、钾、镁等微量元素以及五碳多糖，脂固醇等成分，营养丰富。对于益肺气、治咳喘、止带虫、缩小便、平皱、护血管、增加血流量、带下、白浊等疾病具有良好的医用效果和食疗作用。长期食用对人们的身心健康具有极大益处，但目前对于白果的食用方法比较单一，难以方便人们食用。
白果的主要活性成分有银杏萜内酯类、银杏黄酮类、白果多糖类、白果蛋白等。银杏萜内酯类化合物银杏内酯属于萜类化合物，主要分为倍半萜内酯白果内酯和二萜内酯银杏内酯两大类。根据取代基的不同，银杏内酯中已被提取并明确化学结构的成分有：银杏内酯A、银杏内酯B、银杏内酯C、银杏内酯M、银杏内酯J、银杏内酯K、银杏内酯L、银杏内酯M等。
(1)银杏内酯具有拮抗血小板活化因子，阻止血小板聚集、抑制血栓形成、保护心脑血管，延缓动脉硬化、抗炎、抗过敏、抑制神经细胞凋亡及治疗Alzheimer病等作用，是白果中特殊生理活性的关键成分。
(2)银杏黄酮类主要为双黄酮、儿茶素、黄酮及黄酮苷。银杏黄酮具有促进脂肪代谢、恢复肝脏脂代谢功能、保护心脑血管系统、提高机体免疫力、抗氧化、诱导癌细胞凋亡、抑制慢性粒细胞白血病成瘤以及对抗大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤进而改善缺血性心律失常的作用。
(3)白果多糖类主要存在于白果种仁中，目前已有研究明确其结构为D-甘露糖组成的均多糖，分子量约为1.86×105。银杏白果多糖在医药开发方面有着极大的潜力，Xiangyang Wu等发现几种水溶性白果多糖能够以剂量依赖性的方式拮抗肿瘤的形成。LEE等发现白果外种皮提取多糖具有很强的抗病毒活性，可抑制猪流行性腹泻病毒的增值，其IC(50)＝1.7±1.3μg/mL。此外，白果外种皮提取多糖能够在体外抑制金黄色葡萄球菌生物被膜的生成。
白果毒素情况：白果中主要毒性成分为银杏酸、氰化物4-O-methylpyridoxine,MPN以及致敏蛋白等。
(1)银杏酸是银杏中主要的毒副作用成分之一，能够致过敏、诱导基因突变、胚胎毒性、引起肝损伤、肾毒性、神经毒性等。早在1997年德国卫生部就已提出标准，要求银杏叶提取物中银杏酸的含量不得超过百万分之五。
(2)MPN类化合物是白果中一类主要的毒性成分，也称银杏毒素，广泛存在于白果、银杏叶及其制品中，MPN中毒后会出现抽搐惊厥症状，严重时会导致死亡。
(3)氰化物。白果中氰化物的相关研究目前仍有着不同的研究结果。大部分认为会有少量存在，主要存在于胚芽和内种皮中。
(4)白果蛋白。白果蛋白应作两方面看，白果蛋白虽具有一定的抗氧化、清除羟基自由基、抗菌的活性，但是白果蛋白有一定的致敏性，可引起小鼠出现过敏反应。
发明内容
针对相关技术中的上述技术问题，本发明提出一种白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法，能够克服现有技术的上述不足。
为实现上述技术目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法，包括以下步骤：
S1脱皮处理：将白果经真空冷冻后再闪蒸，将白果粗皮去除；
S2白果去壳：将白果的果壳与果仁分离，得到果仁，即种仁；
S3脱毒遮苦：取白果种仁置于95°乙醇中，采用1：1～1：10的料液比在30～60℃回流提取2～3次，每次1～4小时，抽滤，回收乙醇，挥干白果种仁表面乙醇，将白果种仁在50～100℃的碱性溶液中浸泡处理1～4小时；
S4中和处理：将白果种仁置于20～60℃的酸性溶液中浸泡5～60分钟，沥干，清水冲洗1～3遍；
S5高静压处理：将白果种仁置于高压设备中，于室温下进行高静压处理，在压力为100～800MPa的范围内选取若干个压力点，处理时间均为10～60min，升压、降压均在2min内完成；
S6酶解处理：酶解前，用HCl或NaOH调溶液的pH至蛋白酶最适宜的水解条件，在常压条件下对高静压处理后的白果种仁进行酶解，酶解时酶与底物的质量比为1:200，酶解2h后，在95℃下灭酶活10min，沥干，热风干燥15～30分钟。
进一步地，所述的白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法还包括：
S7将酶解处理后的白果种仁放入营养液浸泡1～2小时，然后进行涂膜、油炸，用吸油纸、真空离心脱油和/或过热蒸汽脱油技术去油，热风干燥15～30分钟，冷却，包装，制成脱毒遮苦酥脆白果种仁。
进一步地，所述营养液中含有柠檬酸，氯化钙，维生素A，维生素B，维生素C等各类可添加维生素，卵磷脂等营养素，钙、锌等矿物质，香精等风味物质，所述营养液中柠檬酸、氯化钙、维生素A、B族维生素及维生素C的含量均为0.01～15％。
进一步地，涂膜为油炸前处理，涂膜的方法为：称取适量羧甲基纤维素钠、维生素A、B族维生素、卵磷脂及维生素C溶于柠檬酸溶液中，搅拌10min至其完全溶解，然后调pH至5.8～6.2，然后再加入氯化钙搅拌至溶解，超声脱气5～30分钟，得到复合膜液；将晾干的白果种仁置于复合膜液中浸泡1～3分钟，取出自然晾干，减压干燥，在油炸时形成一层油脂渗透的障碍层，减少水分蒸发损失或油炸食品表面结构的改变而获得降低吸油率的功效。对于这种应用于降低吸油率方面的涂膜材料有很多选择，多糖材料如改性淀粉、改性纤维素、明胶、果胶、葡聚糖等，蛋白质材料如大豆分离蛋白、乳清蛋白，以及大分子聚合物如聚氧乙烯、聚羧乙烯等，但不限于此。
进一步地，油炸的温度为80～250℃。
进一步地，所述的白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法还包括：
S7将酶解处理后的白果种仁放入浸泡液浸泡1～2小时以补充必需营养和维生素，然后沥干，热风循环150℃烘烤30～120分钟，冷却，真空包装，制成白果脯。
进一步地，所述浸泡液包含柠檬酸、维生素A、B族维生素、维生素C、维生素D、各类矿物质、香精、焦亚硫酸钠以及胭脂红或亮蓝等色素。
进一步地，所述碱性溶液包括但不限于0.2～5％的碳酸氢钠溶液、0.2～10％Na2CO3溶液、0.05～5‰的氢氧化钠溶液。
进一步地，所述酸性溶液包括但不限于0.5～2‰的盐酸或1％的冰醋酸。
进一步地，所述蛋白酶包括但不限于胰蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶中的一种或多种，白果样品用几种蛋白酶单独、序贯或组合酶解。
本发明的有益效果：本发明采用独特的脱毒、浸提、酶解和油炸方法，使白果种仁完整脱壳、脱毒、遮苦，去除毒素彻底且尽量保留银杏中所含有的银杏黄酮、银杏内酯、氨基酸、维生素、矿物质等于人体有益的物质，且人工添加维生素、柠檬酸、卵磷脂等营养物质，保证了人体所需营养均衡，低油低温烘炸技术保证了最适的酥脆口感，而创新的白果脯则为消费者提供了绵适口感。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、白果脱去粗皮处理：
将新鲜采摘的白果按50kg/㎡铺料，并在真空度为50Pa，温度为30℃的密闭环境中保持20分钟后，迅速取出，按30kg/㎡铺料，以0.8m/s的流速进入闪蒸罐内闪蒸，闪蒸罐内部温度为160-165℃，待白果降至常温，将白果粗皮轻易去除。
S2、选取优质、成熟、饱满的白果果实，清洗、去壳：
新鲜白果经真空冷冻后再进行迅速闪蒸处理后，白果外壳处于干燥破裂状态，人工轻易即可将白果外壳剥除，采用机械破碎也能轻易将果壳与果仁，即白果种仁分离。
S3、取去壳白果种仁置于95°乙醇中，采取1：5的料液比，60℃热回流提取3次，每次4小时，抽滤，滤液真空减压或旋蒸浓缩至无乙醇味，得到银杏酚酸粗提物，妥善处理银杏酚酸，回收乙醇，挥干乙醇得到白果种仁；上述白果种仁置0.5％Na2CO3的溶液(温度80℃)中浸泡处理2小时，去除银杏酚酸的残留。
S4、中和处理：将上述白果种仁置于20℃、0.5‰盐酸溶液中浸泡30分钟，沥干；清水再冲洗一遍。
S5、高静压处理：上述白果种仁置于高压设备中，于室温下进行高静压处理，设定处理压力分别为200MPa、300MPa、500MPa，处理时间均为20min，升压、降压均在2min内完成。
S6、利用蛋白酶水解白果蛋白，辅以高静压处理可使白果蛋白充分水解，显著降低其致敏性，酶解前，用HCl或NaOH调溶液的pH至各种酶最适宜的水解条件以活化该酶(各种酶最适宜的水解条件见表1)；在常压条件下分别对上述处理的白果种仁进行酶解，白果种仁用几种蛋白酶(碱性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶)组合酶解，酶解时酶与底物的质量比为1:200，酶解2h后，在95℃下灭酶活10min，沥干，热风干燥30分钟，通过酶解手段可获得的不同白果蛋白如：清蛋白、球蛋白、醇溶蛋白、碱溶蛋白，均具有一定的抗氧化、清除羟基自由基、抗菌的活性，且能减轻其致敏性。
S7、浸泡，补充必需营养和维生素，浸泡液含1％柠檬酸、0.5％氯化钙、0.5％维生素A、1％维生素B及1％维生素C分别浸泡白果种仁1～2小时，沥干；涂膜处理(油炸前处理)，称取羧甲基纤维素钠0.2％(质量体积比，后同为质量体积比)，维生素A 0.2％、维生素B族1％、卵磷脂2％及维生素C 3％溶于1％柠檬酸溶液中，搅拌10min至其完全溶解，然后调pH5.8～6.2，然后再加入氯化钙0.5％搅拌至溶解，超声脱气5～30分钟，得到复合低油膜液；上述白果种仁置于复合膜液中浸泡3分钟，取出自然晾干，减压干燥，涂膜在油炸时可作为一层油脂渗透的障碍层，减少水分蒸发损失或油炸食品表面结构的改变而获得降低吸油率的功效，对于这种应用于降低吸油率方面的涂膜材料有很多选择，多糖材料，如改性淀粉、改性纤维素、明胶、果胶、葡聚糖等，蛋白质材料，如大豆分离蛋白、乳清蛋白，还有一些无毒性大分子聚合物(如聚氧乙烯、聚羧乙烯)等；然后在180℃的油温油炸，采用真空离心脱油及过热蒸汽脱油技术去油，热风干燥30分钟，此种油炸技术，可以使白果种仁酥脆、低油且营养更丰富，最后冷却，真空包装，储存。
表1各种酶的最适水解条件
实施例2
一种白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、白果脱去粗皮处理：
将新鲜采摘的白果20kg按50kg/㎡铺料，并在真空度为50Pa，温度为30℃的密闭环境中保持20分钟后，迅速取出，按30kg/㎡铺料，以0.8m/s的流速进入闪蒸罐内闪蒸，闪蒸罐内部温度为160-165℃，待白果降至常温，将白果粗皮轻易去除。
S2、白果去壳：
新鲜白果经真空冷冻后再进行迅速闪蒸处理后，白果外壳处于干燥破裂状态，人工轻易即可将白果外壳剥除，采用机械破碎也能轻易将果壳与果仁分离，得到白果果仁。
S3、取去壳白果种仁置于95°乙醇中，采取1：5的料液比，60℃热回流提取3次，每次4小时，抽滤，回收乙醇，挥干白果种仁表面乙醇；上述白果种仁置0.5％Na2CO3的溶液(温度80℃)中浸泡处理2小时；
S4、中和处理：将上述白果种仁置于20℃、0.5‰盐酸溶液中浸泡30分钟，沥干；清水再冲洗一遍。
S5、高静压处理：上述白果种仁置于高压设备中，于室温下进行高静压处理，设定处理压力分别为200MPa、300MPa、500MPa，处理时间均为20min，升压、降压均在2min内完成。
S6、酶解蛋白：酶解前，用HCl或NaOH调溶液的pH至各种酶最适宜的水解条件以活化该酶；在常压条件下分别对上述处理的白果种仁进行酶解，白果种仁用木瓜蛋白酶单独酶解，酶解时酶与底物的质量比为1:200。水解2h后，在95℃下灭酶活10min，沥干，洗涤，热风干燥30分钟。
S7、浸泡，补充必需营养和维生素，浸泡液含1％柠檬酸、0.5％氯化钙、0.5％维生素A、1％的B族维生素、1％维生素C、0.05g/kg焦亚硫酸钠、0.05g/kg胭脂红分别浸泡白果种仁1～2小时，沥干，热风循环150℃烘烤60～120分钟，冷却，真空包装，储存。
综上所述，借助于本发明的上述技术方案，通过采用独特的脱毒、浸提、酶解和油炸方法，使白果完整脱壳、脱毒、遮苦，去除毒素彻底且尽量保留银杏种仁中所含有的银杏黄酮、银杏内酯、氨基酸、维生素、矿物质等于人体有益的物质，且人工添加维生素、柠檬酸、卵磷脂等营养物质，保证了人体所需营养均衡，低油低温烘炸技术保证了最适的酥脆口感，且无过量摄入油脂之虞，而创新的白果脯则为消费者提供了绵适口感。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1 脱皮处理：将白果经真空冷冻后再闪蒸，将白果粗皮去除；
S2 白果去壳：将白果的果壳与果仁分离，得到果仁，即种仁；
S3 脱毒遮苦：取白果种仁置于95°乙醇中，采用1：1～1：10的料液比在30～60℃回流提取2～3次，每次1～4小时，抽滤，回收乙醇，挥干白果种仁表面乙醇，将白果种仁在50～100℃的碱性溶液中浸泡处理1～4小时；
S4 中和处理：将白果种仁置于20～60℃的酸性溶液中浸泡5～60分钟，沥干，清水冲洗1～3遍；
S5 高静压处理：将白果种仁置于高压设备中，于室温下进行高静压处理，在压力为100～800 MPa的范围内选取若干个压力点，处理时间均为10～60 min，升压、降压均在2 min内完成；
S6 酶解处理：酶解前，用HCl或NaOH调溶液的pH至蛋白酶最适宜的水解条件，在常压条件下对高静压处理后的白果种仁进行酶解，酶解时酶与底物的质量比为1:200，酶解2h后，在95℃下灭酶活10 min，沥干，热风干燥15～30分钟。
2.根据权利要求1所述的白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法，其特征在于，进一步包括：
S7 将酶解处理后的白果种仁放入营养液浸泡1～2小时，然后进行涂膜、油炸，用吸油纸、真空离心脱油和/或过热蒸汽脱油技术去油，热风干燥15～30分钟，冷却，包装，制成脱毒遮苦酥脆白果种仁。
3.根据权利要求2所述的白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法，其特征在于，所述营养液中含有柠檬酸、氯化钙、维生素A、B族维生素及维生素C，所述营养液中柠檬酸、氯化钙、维生素A、B族维生素及维生素C的含量均为0.01～15%。
4.根据权利要求2所述的白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法，其特征在于，涂膜的方法为：称取适量羧甲基纤维素钠、维生素A、B族维生素、卵磷脂及维生素C溶于柠檬酸溶液中，搅拌10min至其完全溶解，然后调pH至5.8～6.2，然后再加入氯化钙搅拌至溶解，超声脱气5~30分钟，得到复合膜液；将白果种仁置于复合膜液中浸泡1～3分钟，取出自然晾干，减压干燥。
5.根据权利要求2所述的白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法，其特征在于，油炸的温度为80～250℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述的白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法，其特征在于，进一步包括：
S7 将酶解处理后的白果种仁放入浸泡液浸泡1～2小时，沥干，热风循环150℃烘烤30～120分钟，冷却，真空包装，制成白果脯。
7.根据权利要求6所述的白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法，其特征在于，所述浸泡液包含柠檬酸、维生素A、B族维生素、维生素C、维生素D、矿物质、香精、焦亚硫酸钠和色素。
8. 根据权利要求1所述的白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法，其特征在于，所述碱性溶液为0.2～5%的碳酸氢钠溶液、0.2～10% Na2CO3溶液或0.05～5‰的氢氧化钠溶液。
9.根据权利要求1所述的白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法，其特征在于，所述酸性溶液为0.5～2‰的盐酸或1%的冰醋酸。
10.根据权利要求1所述的白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法，其特征在于，所述蛋白酶为胰蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶中的一种或多种。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110250662.4A CN113017054A (zh) | 2021-03-08 | 2021-03-08 | 一种白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110250662.4A CN113017054A (zh) | 2021-03-08 | 2021-03-08 | 一种白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113017054A true CN113017054A (zh) | 2021-06-25 |
Family
ID=76468401
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110250662.4A Pending CN113017054A (zh) | 2021-03-08 | 2021-03-08 | 一种白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113017054A (zh) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1247718A (zh) * | 1999-09-07 | 2000-03-22 | 杜杰民 | 银杏汁及其生产工艺 |
| JP2004321026A (ja) * | 2003-04-22 | 2004-11-18 | Ono Shokuhin Kogyo Kk | 容器入り殻付銀杏の製造方法 |
| CN101779790A (zh) * | 2009-01-19 | 2010-07-21 | 杨军 | 一种利用白果制作具有温肺益气定喘嗽功能蜜饯的制作方法 |
| CN101961117A (zh) * | 2010-09-13 | 2011-02-02 | 李奇峰 | 酥脆银杏果仁和酥脆开壳银杏果的生产方法 |
| CN102488260A (zh) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-13 | 范文杰 | 一种酥香脆银杏果仁的制备方法 |
| CN106579235A (zh) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-04-26 | 王福丽 | 一种白果功能性食品及其制备方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-03-08 CN CN202110250662.4A patent/CN113017054A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1247718A (zh) * | 1999-09-07 | 2000-03-22 | 杜杰民 | 银杏汁及其生产工艺 |
| JP2004321026A (ja) * | 2003-04-22 | 2004-11-18 | Ono Shokuhin Kogyo Kk | 容器入り殻付銀杏の製造方法 |
| CN101779790A (zh) * | 2009-01-19 | 2010-07-21 | 杨军 | 一种利用白果制作具有温肺益气定喘嗽功能蜜饯的制作方法 |
| CN101961117A (zh) * | 2010-09-13 | 2011-02-02 | 李奇峰 | 酥脆银杏果仁和酥脆开壳银杏果的生产方法 |
| CN102488260A (zh) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-13 | 范文杰 | 一种酥香脆银杏果仁的制备方法 |
| CN106579235A (zh) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-04-26 | 王福丽 | 一种白果功能性食品及其制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 周昊等: "高静压协同酶法处理对白果蛋白抗原性的影响", 《现代食品科技》 * |
| 张雪: "银杏果的加工、贮藏与脱毒研究", 《农业科技与装备》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107259571A (zh) | 一种代餐食物及其制备方法 | |
| CN106942731A (zh) | 一种适于三高患者食用的营养粉及其制备方法 | |
| CN107114663A (zh) | 一种果蔬养胃米粉及其制备方法 | |
| CN103330199A (zh) | 一种营养速食方便食品及其制备方法 | |
| KR100451665B1 (ko) | 홍화씨를 주성분으로 한 건강식품의 제조방법 및 건강식품 | |
| CN108887564A (zh) | 一种硒蛋白杂粮粉配方及其制备方法 | |
| Yampolsky et al. | Apricot (lat. Prunus armeniaca Lin.) | |
| KR102134615B1 (ko) | 한방치킨의 제조방법 및 그를 이용해 제조된 치킨 | |
| CN103168815A (zh) | 一种银杏苦荞饼干及其制作方法 | |
| CN106982885A (zh) | 一种罗汉果饼干及其制备方法 | |
| CN103478560B (zh) | 一种用牛奶和绞股蓝制造的营养大米 | |
| CN103462020A (zh) | 一种可抑制重金属和农药残留危害的天然营养素 | |
| KR102070507B1 (ko) | 흑삼 삼계탕의 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 흑삼 삼계탕 | |
| CN107397163B (zh) | 一种适合于肥胖人群的方便食品及其制备方法 | |
| CN110583974A (zh) | 一种瘦身全谷营养健康代餐食品及其制备方法 | |
| CN113017054A (zh) | 一种白果整果脱毒遮苦处理方法 | |
| KR20160018078A (ko) | 밤조청의 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 밤조청 | |
| KR20070048574A (ko) | 기능성 곡물의 제조방법 및 제조된 곡물 | |
| CN107212402B (zh) | 降血压食品及其制备方法 | |
| KR102082115B1 (ko) | 굼벵이를 이용한 건강식품의 제조방법 | |
| CN111849688A (zh) | 一种养生酒及其制作工艺 | |
| KR20210051724A (ko) | 은행 견과와 도라지 뿌리 추출물을 함유하는 앙금의 제조 방법 | |
| KR20210041387A (ko) | 갈화 추출물 및 차전자피 분말을 함유한 숙취해소용 천연차 및 그 제조방법 | |
| CN104305215A (zh) | 一种营养速食方便食品及其制备方法 | |
| KR101800787B1 (ko) | 홍삼 시래기밥의 제조방법 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |