CN112970506A

CN112970506A - Organic blueberry cultivation method

Info

Publication number: CN112970506A
Application number: CN202110266792.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈燕
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-03-11
Filing date: 2021-03-11
Publication date: 2021-06-18

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic blueberry cultivation method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of (1) selecting and isolating land, (2) improving soil, (3) planting, (4) applying fertilizer, (5) weeding, wherein a water source is a special water source for an organic orchard, the water content of soil in the early stage of germination and rapid growth of branches and in the fruit expansion stage is 60-70% of the maximum water holding capacity of the soil, the water content of the soil in the fruit maturation stage and the fruit harvesting stage is 50-60% of the maximum water holding capacity of the soil, the water content of the soil in late autumn is 40-55% of the maximum water holding capacity of the soil, watering by drip irrigation equipment, (6) managing water, and (7) preventing and controlling pests, wherein an annular drip irrigation method is adopted, an annular dropper 6 is sleeved on each blueberry tree, so that water can uniformly permeate into the periphery of the blueberry trees, a water outlet can be prevented from turning over, a water pen can permeate into the soil, and the root can sufficiently absorb water and nutrients, thereby increasing the quality and yield of the fruit.

Description

Organic blueberry cultivation method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of blueberry cultivation, and particularly relates to an organic blueberry cultivation method.

Background

Blueberries (blueberries), the scientific name cowberry fruit, also known as Blueberry fruit, belong to the genus Vaccinium of the family Ericaceae. Because the fruits are blue, are native and mainly produced in the United states and are commonly called American blueberries, the fruits are soft and juicy, have mellow flavor and special fragrance; it is suitable for freezing and making jam, jelly, cake, pie, etc.

In the 90's of the 20 th century, the health benefits of blueberries were demonstrated and widely accepted. Blueberries are a true blue food, the blue color of fruits, and are derived from high-content anthocyanins. Anthocyanins are a class of soluble pigments, ranging in color from blue to red. For example, the anthocyanin content of every 100 g of fruits of high-bush blueberries reaches hundreds of milligrams, the varieties are complex, and 15 varieties are common. Pharmacological research shows that anthocyanin ingredients in the blueberries have various pharmacological activities of promoting the resynthesis of the rhodophyll, improving circulation, resisting ulcer, resisting inflammation and the like. Japanese researchers have demonstrated that bilberry pigment extract contributes to the integrity of the capillaries of the eye to reduce macular degeneration and thus has the effect of protecting vision. Blueberry total anthocyanin preparations have been sold in europe and the united states. Many diseases related to the elderly, such as heart disease, cancer, arthritis, wrinkles, eye diseases, parkinson's disease, alzheimer's disease, and the like, are related to oxidation caused by free radicals, and research of researchers at the research center of senior nutrition research at the university of Tufts agriculture in the united states proves that, due to anthocyanins contained in blueberry fruits and other compounds having health care effects, such as bacterial inhibitory factor, folic acid, vitamin a, vitamin C, carotene, tannic acid, cellulose, and the like, oxidation of free radicals can be prevented, so that the oxidation resistance of the blueberry fruits and vegetables is the strongest among 41 fruits and vegetables. Blueberries are listed in the front of anticancer foods in both japan and the usa. Experiments on mice with blueberries prove that the blueberries can delay and even transform part of aging symptoms; meanwhile, the blueberry has a prevention effect on urinary tract infection. Blue berries are also a high fiber food. According to the data of Ministry of agriculture in China, 145 g of blue berries contain at least 2.9 g of fiber, so that the blue berries can be used as a good source of fiber in daily diet. Blueberry is also a low calorie food, and 1/2 cups of blueberry juice contain only 175.7 calories.

With the development of society and the improvement of the living standard and the scientific and technical standard of people, the research booms on functional health food with health care function in daily diet are raised in the later period of 20 th century. The blueberry draws wide attention and application in foreign markets due to the unique health care and nutritional value thereof, and becomes one of the most popular development products at present. The most influential health journal in the United states, Prevention, is called blueberry, magical fruit. Another very popular magazine, EatWell, in 1999 rates blueberries as "annual fruits". International trade officials of the united states department of agriculture indicate that the most popular agricultural product on the current day is blueberry. At present, the fresh blueberry fruits and processed products are used as high-grade food in countries of Europe, America and southeast Asia, and although the price of the fresh blueberry fruits and the processed products is higher than that of oranges, apples and the like, the fresh blueberry fruits and the processed products still meet the demand in the market.

Because the blueberry has special health-care function, the consumption of fresh fruits and processed products of the blueberry is continuously increased. However, at present, no systematic cultivation method for blueberries with good effect exists, the blueberry trees planted in an orchard are watered every day, and due to the fact that the rise potentials of the blueberry trees at each stage are different, existing drip irrigation equipment enables irrigation pipes lying on the ground to be turned on one side along with the growth of the blueberry trees, and the water dripping openings are different from the original positions, so that the blueberry trees are smaller than the actually absorbed water, and the yield of the blueberry trees and the quality of fruits are affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an organic blueberry cultivation method capable of effectively irrigating and preventing a drip pipe from turning laterally in order to overcome the defects of the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an organic blueberry cultivation method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting and isolating the ground: selecting a land which is far away from pollution and has a flat topography as a blueberry cultivation base, wherein an isolation strip is arranged in the blueberry cultivation base, and a ditch or a ridge is arranged around the isolation strip, (2) improving the soil: the PH value of soil in the blueberry cultivation base in the step (1) is 4.0-5.5, and when the pH value of the soil is more than 5.5, the soil improvement agent is used for adjusting; when the organic matter content of the soil is 5-18% and the organic matter content is less than 5%, adding organic matters, (3) planting: the planted blueberry varieties comprise main planting varieties and pollination varieties, the ratio of the main planting varieties to the pollination varieties is 1: 2-3: 1, the planting row direction is south-north planting, and the planting is carried out on irregular hilly lands along contour lines, (4) fertilizing: fertilizer: comprises one or more of blueberry special fertilizer, fish amino acid fertilizer, medium trace element fertilizer and water-soluble fertilizer; fertilizing times: fertilizing 4-6 times every year, namely bud germination, fruit expansion, color conversion, mature period and tree vigor recovery period after fruit picking, (5) weeding: a. weeding the soil between rows and ridges where the blueberry trees are planted through a weeding machine; b. arranging a covering between the rows or ridges, wherein the thickness of the covering is 10-15 cm, (6) managing the moisture: the water source adopts a single water source special for an organic orchard, and the water content of soil in the germination stage, the early stage of rapid growth of branches and the fruit expansion stage is 60-70% of the maximum water holding capacity of the soil; the soil water content in the fruit mature period and the harvesting period is 50-60% of the maximum water holding capacity of the soil; the water content of the soil in late autumn is 40-55% of the maximum water holding capacity of the soil; filling once sealing water before winter; watering by drip irrigation equipment; (7) and (3) preventing and controlling diseases and pests: a. bud stage: removing the insect branches in time and supplementing vitamins; early prevention with a biological agent comprising spinosad or polyoxin; b. and (3) fruit setting stage: balanced fertilization, reasonable supplement of medium trace elements, adjustment of soil humidity, combination of soil fertilization and extra-root topdressing, yellow leaf suspension for trapping and killing aphids, and selection of safe and efficient biological agents for alternate prevention and control in the early stage of disease and pest occurrence; c. harvesting later dormancy earlier stage: removing branches of diseases and pests, hanging yellow boards to trap and kill aphids, supplementing nutrition in time after harvesting, and selecting safe and efficient biological agents for alternate prevention and control at the initial generation stage of the diseases and pests.

In the step of land improvement, the PH value of soil in the blueberry cultivation base is 4.3-4.8; the soil improving agent comprises wood vinegar substances; the organic matter content of the soil is 12%; the organic matter comprises one or more of turfy soil, pine needles, sawdust and rotten barks.

In the fertilizing step, the blueberry special fertilizer comprises decomposed wormcast, plant fertilizer and bacterial manure; the fish amino acid is a product obtained by fermenting fish leftovers; the medium trace elements are products obtained after animal bone fermentation; the water-soluble fertilizer comprises one or more of a vitamin-containing water-soluble fertilizer, a potassium-containing water-soluble fertilizer, a natural brassin water-soluble fertilizer and a boron-containing water-soluble fertilizer.

In the fertilizing step, the fertilizers applied in the bud stage, the fruit expanding stage, the color-changing mature stage and the tree vigor recovery stage after fruit picking are respectively as follows: a. bud stage: the fertilizer comprises a blueberry special fertilizer, a fish amino acid fertilizer and a water-soluble fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer application modes comprise root application and foliar application, and the application depth of the root application is 10-20 cm; the water-soluble fertilizer comprises a vitamin-containing water-soluble fertilizer, a natural brassin water-soluble fertilizer and a boron-containing water-soluble fertilizer; b. the fertilizer applied in the fruit expansion period comprises a special blueberry fertilizer, a medium trace element fertilizer and a water-soluble fertilizer, and the water-soluble fertilizer comprises a potassium-containing water-soluble fertilizer and a natural brassin water-soluble fertilizer; the fertilizer applied in the tree vigor recovery period after fruit picking comprises a blueberry special fertilizer, a fish amino acid fertilizer, a medium trace element fertilizer and a water-soluble fertilizer, wherein the water-soluble fertilizer comprises a potassium-containing water-soluble fertilizer.

The natural brassin water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following natural brassin and water in a weight ratio: 8 mg: 20 kg; the boron-containing water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15g to 20 kg; the weight ratio of the vitamins to the water in the vitamin-containing water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: 25 mg: 20 kg; the weight ratio of potassium to water in the potassium-containing water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: 20g to 20 kg.

In the step of water management, the drip irrigation equipment comprises a main pipeline, a buckle arranged on the main pipeline, a first rotating ring arranged on the bayonet, a transition pipeline for water passing, an adjusting block arranged on one end of the transition pipeline, a filtering block detachably arranged on the adjusting block, an annular dropper detachably arranged on the adjusting block, and humidity induction rods symmetrically arranged on the adjusting block; the moisture sensing rod may be inserted into soil.

Buckling a buckle on a main pipeline, determining the interval of each blueberry tree by sliding, inserting a transition pipeline on the main pipeline through a first rotating ring, unfastening an annular dropper, winding the annular dropper on the roots of the blueberry trees, enabling two ends of the annular dropper to be in adjusting blocks, holding the adjusting blocks, and inserting a humidity sensing rod into soil to realize fixation; according to the method, on one hand, the annular dropper winds around the blueberries for a circle, so that water for drip irrigation can permeate along the periphery of the blueberries and can uniformly enter the soil, the irrigation efficiency is improved, only one-side drip irrigation is prevented, the roots of the blueberries can grow better, and the yield of the blueberries is improved.

The bayonet comprises a clamping block and a clamping groove; the clamping block comprises limiting plates symmetrically arranged on the clamping block, elastic lugs arranged on the limiting plates and elastic grooves arranged on the limiting plates; the clamping groove comprises fastening grooves symmetrically arranged on the clamping groove, fastening blocks displaceably arranged on the fastening grooves, and fastening springs for resetting the fastening blocks; the elastic lug can enter the elastic groove; the elastic projection may be in contact with the fastening block.

During installation, the clamping groove is placed on the main pipeline, then the clamping block is clamped on the clamping groove, and the elastic lug comes out of the elastic groove, enters the fastening groove and abuts against the fastening block; like this, fixture block and draw-in groove form the bayonet socket on the one hand and can block on the trunk line, on the other hand is because the fastening block links together with fastening spring, so, the fastening block still can have slight displacement, thereby can adjust the position of bayonet socket on the trunk line, thereby confirm the interval between the blueberry tree, through adjusting, just can satisfy the position interval of blueberry tree different stages, thereby let the space utilization maximize, through such method, make every blueberry tree can not interfered by other blueberry trees, make the moisture and the nutrient of soil can be by complete absorption, thereby the quality and the output of fruit have been increased.

The transition pipeline further comprises a prick arranged on the transition pipeline, a communication port arranged on the prick and used for communicating with the main water pipe, a threaded rod arranged on the transition pipeline, and a threaded groove arranged on the first rotating ring and matched with the threaded rod.

After the distance between the bayonets, one end of the transition pipeline enters the first rotary ring, the prick is enabled to face the main pipeline in the bayonet, the first rotary ring is rotated, the thread groove and the threaded rod are meshed with each other, so that the prick is slowly and powerfully pricked into the main pipeline, the transition pipeline is communicated with the main pipeline through the communication port, the main pipeline enters the adjusting block from the transition pipeline through the communication port, and the blueberry tree is finally irrigated through the arc-shaped dropper; wherein the thread groove is only arranged on the part of the first rotating rod but not all, through the method, when the threaded rod is meshed with the thread groove, the first rotating rod can be rotated without any trouble, because when the threaded rod is rotated to the bottom, the pricking pin can only drill a hole and only can be arranged inside the main pipeline without drilling through the main pipeline, thereby avoiding the problem of water pipe leakage, and because the fastening spring can push the fastening block, the fastening block can always keep against the elastic lug, thereby enabling the fastening block to always keep a closed state, through the method, the pricking pin is equivalent to the force for continuously pricking the main pipeline, but the force is not very large, thereby realizing the effect of neither continuously pricking, and effectively improving the sealing effect, the water in the main pipeline only passes through the communicating port and can not leak out from other places, and the water is always kept in a drip irrigation state, thereby allowing the roots of the blueberries to absorb sufficient water and nutrients, and increasing the quality and yield of the fruits.

The adjusting block comprises an adjusting groove, a rotating block which is rotatably arranged on the adjusting groove, a flow rate control groove which is arranged on the rotating block, a rotating handle which is used for driving the rotating block to rotate, a plurality of fixed rods which are arranged on the rotating handle, and a plurality of fixed grooves which are arranged on the adjusting block and are matched with the fixed rods; the notch at one end of the flow rate control is larger than the notch at the other end; the fixing rod may enter the fixing groove.

When the flow rate of water drops needs to be adjusted, the rotating handle is pulled down first, the fixed rod is led out of the fixed groove, the rotating handle is in a rotatable state at the moment, and the flow of water can be adjusted by rotating the rotating handle; because the little right in velocity of flow control groove the left side is big, so only need anticlockwise rotation, let the great notch of velocity of flow control groove remove toward transition pipeline direction, thereby improve the flow of water, the same reason, just can reduce quantity toward opposite direction, wherein the position of velocity of flow control groove has only accounted for three fourths of turning handle, so when the rotation turning block lets velocity of flow control groove and transition pipeline not communicate, just can not let the water flow come again, convenient and fast, can also be easy with changing the filter, need not close the floodgate, control rivers that can be accurate, thereby satisfy the required water consumption of blueberry tree different stages, thereby let the root of blueberry tree absorb enough moisture and nutrient, thereby the quality and the output of fruit have been increased.

The filter block comprises filter plates symmetrically arranged on the filter block, sealing blocks for preventing leakage, gears symmetrically arranged on the rotating block, fastening rings capable of being sleeved on the gears, and fastening ropes with two ends respectively connected with the fastening rings and the filter plates.

The filter plate can filter sand and stones out to prevent blockage, so that the growth of the blueberry trees is influenced; the filter block is detachable, when the fastening ring is separated from the gear, the filter block can be pulled to detach the filter plate, after the filter plate is cleaned, the fastening ring is clamped on the gear to be installed, when the rotating block is rotated to adjust the water flow, the gear can also rotate to drive the fastening ring to rotate, thereby the fastening rope receives the pulling force, the filter plate is pulled more tightly by the fastening rope and passes through the sealing block, thereby preventing water from leaking out of the filter block, leading the water in the adjusting block to only pass through the annular dropper, thereby watering the blueberries, enabling the blueberries to absorb water, meeting the requirements of each stage, avoiding the water in a certain area from increasing due to leakage, enabling the humidity induction rod to measure more accurately, by the method, the blueberry trees are reasonably cultivated, and the fruit quality and the yield of the blueberry trees are improved finally.

The annular dropper also comprises a plurality of drip openings arranged on the annular dropper, elastic flow limiting blocks respectively arranged on the drip openings, a second rotating ring arranged on the annular dropper, grooves symmetrically arranged on the second rotating ring, empty grooves arranged on the adjusting blocks, lugs movably arranged on the empty grooves and springs for resetting the lugs; the projection can enter the groove; and the surface of the second rotating ring is provided with sealing rubber.

The water flow enters the annular dropper through the adjusting block and irrigates blueberry trees in a water drop mode from the dropping port, one end of the annular dropper is connected with the adjusting block, the other end of the annular dropper is detachable, a second rotating ring is arranged at one detachable end of the annular dropper, when the annular dropper needs to be detached, the groove can rotate towards two sides by rotating the second rotating ring, the second rotating ring abuts against the lug and moves towards the direction of the empty groove, when the lug enters the empty groove, the end of the lug can be pulled out of the adjusting block, when the lug needs to be installed again, the second rotating ring only needs to be reset, the groove is aligned with the lug and then is inserted into the adjusting block, and under the action of the spring, the lug enters the groove again; by the method, the annular dropper can be arranged on the blueberry tree in a looped mode, so that water can uniformly permeate the periphery of the blueberry tree, the blueberry tree can absorb moisture and nutrition uniformly, the quality and the yield of fruits are increased finally, the elastic flow limiting block cannot completely block the water drip, when water flows through, the water can flow out along the gap of the elastic flow limiting block, when the water flows urgently, the pressure of the water can push the elastic flow limiting block, so that the gap between the elastic flow limiting block and the water drip can be enlarged, the water dripping speed can be increased, the phenomenon that the water gushes out is prevented, the stability of the arc dropper is guaranteed, the operation can be carried out for a long time, the blueberry tree can absorb moisture and nutrition of soil better, and the quality and the yield of the fruits are improved.

In summary, the invention has the following advantages: by adopting the annular drip irrigation method, the annular dropper 6 is sleeved on each blueberry tree, so that water can uniformly permeate into the periphery of the blueberry trees, the side turning of a drip outlet can be prevented, the fountain pen can directly permeate into soil, and the roots can absorb enough water and nutrients, thereby increasing the quality and the yield of fruits.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional perspective view of fig. 2 taken along a-a.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional perspective view of fig. 2 taken along B-B.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional perspective view of fig. 2 taken along C-C.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a part of an exploded structure of the buckle according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing a partially exploded structure of the annular dropper of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a partial explosion structure of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged view at B in fig. 4.

Detailed Description

An organic blueberry cultivation method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting and isolating the ground: selecting a land which is far away from pollution and has a flat topography as a blueberry cultivation base, wherein an isolation strip is arranged in the blueberry cultivation base, and a ditch or a ridge is arranged around the isolation strip, (2) improving the soil: the PH value of soil in the blueberry cultivation base in the step (1) is 4.0-5.5, and when the pH value of the soil is more than 5.5, the soil improvement agent is used for adjusting; when the organic matter content of the soil is 5-18% and the organic matter content is less than 5%, adding organic matters, (3) planting: the planted blueberry varieties comprise main planting varieties and pollination varieties, the ratio of the main planting varieties to the pollination varieties is 1: 2-3: 1, the planting row direction is south-north planting, and the planting is carried out on irregular hilly lands along contour lines, (4) fertilizing: fertilizer: comprises one or more of blueberry special fertilizer, fish amino acid fertilizer, medium trace element fertilizer and water-soluble fertilizer; fertilizing times: fertilizing 4-6 times every year, namely bud germination, fruit expansion, color conversion, mature period and tree vigor recovery period after fruit picking, (5) weeding: a. weeding the soil between rows and ridges where the blueberry trees are planted through a weeding machine; b. arranging a covering between the rows or ridges, wherein the thickness of the covering is 10-15 cm, (6) managing the moisture: the water source adopts a single water source special for an organic orchard, and the water content of soil in the germination stage, the early stage of rapid growth of branches and the fruit expansion stage is 60-70% of the maximum water holding capacity of the soil; the soil water content in the fruit mature period and the harvesting period is 50-60% of the maximum water holding capacity of the soil; the water content of the soil in late autumn is 40-55% of the maximum water holding capacity of the soil; filling once sealing water before winter; watering by drip irrigation equipment; (7) and (3) preventing and controlling diseases and pests: a. bud stage: removing the insect branches in time and supplementing vitamins; early prevention with a biological agent comprising spinosad or polyoxin; b. and (3) fruit setting stage: balanced fertilization, reasonable supplement of medium trace elements, adjustment of soil humidity, combination of soil fertilization and extra-root topdressing, yellow leaf suspension for trapping and killing aphids, and selection of safe and efficient biological agents for alternate prevention and control in the early stage of disease and pest occurrence; c. harvesting later dormancy earlier stage: removing branches of diseases and pests, hanging yellow boards to trap and kill aphids, supplementing nutrition in time after harvesting, and selecting safe and efficient biological agents for alternate prevention and control at the initial generation stage of the diseases and pests.

As shown in fig. 1-10, the drip irrigation device comprises a main pipe 1, a buckle 2, a first rotating ring 11, a transition pipe 3, a regulating block 4, a filtering block 5, an annular dropper 6 and a humidity sensing rod 12; the buckle 2 is arranged on the main pipeline 1, the first rotating ring 11 is arranged on the bayonet, the transition pipeline 3 is used for water passing, the adjusting block 4 is arranged at one end of the transition pipeline 3, the filter block 5 is detachably arranged on the adjusting block 4, the annular dropper 6 is detachably arranged on the adjusting block 4, and the humidity sensing rods 12 are symmetrically arranged on the adjusting block 4; the moisture sensing rod 12 may be inserted into soil; detain buckle 2 on trunk line 1, the interval of every blueberry tree is confirmed in the slip, then through first swivel 11, insert transition pipeline 3 on trunk line 1, untie annular burette 6, then around on the blueberry tree root, let annular burette 6's both ends all in regulating block 4 again, then hold regulating block 4, insert humidity induction rod 12 in soil, realize fixedly.

As shown in fig. 6 and 9, the bayonet comprises a latch 21 and a latch slot 22; the fixture block 21 comprises a limiting plate 211, an elastic convex plate 212 and an elastic groove 213; the clamping groove 22 comprises a fastening groove 221, a fastening block 222 and a fastening spring 223; the limit plate 211 is symmetrically arranged on the fixture block 21, the elastic convex plate 212 is arranged on the limit plate 211, and the elastic groove 213 is arranged on the limit plate 211; the elastic convex plate 212 can enter the elastic groove 213; the elastic lug 212 may be in contact with the fastening block 222; when the fastening block is installed, the locking groove 22 is placed on the main pipe 1, and then the locking block 21 is locked on the locking groove 22, so that the elastic convex plate 212 comes out of the elastic groove 213 and enters the fastening groove 221 to abut against the fastening block 222.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the transition duct 3 further includes a prick 31, a communication port 32, a threaded rod 33, and a threaded groove 34; the prick 31 is arranged on the transition pipeline 3, the communication port 32 is arranged on the prick 31 and is used for communicating with a main water pipe, the threaded rod 33 is arranged on the transition pipeline 3, and the threaded groove 34 is arranged on the first rotary ring 11 and is matched with the threaded rod 33; after the distance between each bayonet socket, the one end of transition pipeline 3 enters into first change 11 in, let prick thorn 31 towards the trunk line 1 in the bayonet socket, rotate first change 11, let thread groove 34 and threaded rod 33 intermeshing, thereby let prick thorn 31 slowly and during strong main pipeline 1 of stinging, let transition pipeline 3 and trunk line 1 intercommunication through intercommunication mouth 32, thereby let the through intercommunication mouth 32 of trunk line 1, enter into regulating block 4 from transition pipeline 3, finally realize the irrigation to the blueberry tree through arc burette.

As shown in fig. 8 and 10, the adjusting block 4 includes an adjusting groove 41, a rotating block 42, a flow rate control groove 43, a rotating handle 44, a plurality of fixing rods 45, and a plurality of fixing grooves 46; the rotating block 42 is rotatably arranged on the adjusting groove 41, the flow rate control groove 43 is arranged on the rotating block 42, the rotating handle 44 is used for driving the rotating block 42 to rotate, the fixing rods 45 are arranged on the rotating handle 44, and the fixing grooves 46 are arranged on the adjusting block 4 and are matched with the fixing rods; the notch at one end of the flow rate control is larger than the notch at the other end; the fixing rod can enter the fixing groove; when the flow rate of water drops needs to be adjusted, the rotating handle 44 is pulled down first, the fixing rod is led out from the fixing groove, the rotating handle 44 is in a rotatable state at the moment, and the water flow can be adjusted by rotating the rotating handle 44.

As shown in fig. 8 and 10, the filter block 5 comprises a filter plate 51, a sealing block 52, a gear 53, a fastening ring 54 and a fastening rope 55; the filter plate 51 is symmetrically arranged on the filter block 5, the sealing block 52 prevents leakage, the gear 53 is symmetrically arranged on the rotating block 42, the fastening ring 54 can be sleeved on the gear 53, and two ends of the fastening rope 55 are respectively connected with the fastening ring 54 and the filter plate 51; the filter plate 51 can filter sand and stone out, and the filter block 5 is detachable, and when breaking away from the gear 53 fastening ring 54, then pulling the filter block 5 can dismantle the filter plate 51, and after cleaning up the filter plate 51, the fastening ring 54 is clamped on the gear 53, and then the installation is good.

As shown in fig. 5, 7 and 10, the annular dropper 6 further comprises a plurality of drip openings 61, an elastic flow restriction block 62, a second rotary ring 63, a groove 64, an empty groove 65, a projection 66 and a spring 67; a plurality of drip openings 61 are arranged on the annular dropper 6, elastic flow limiting blocks 62 are respectively arranged on the drip openings, a second rotating ring 63 is arranged on the annular dropper 6, grooves 64 are symmetrically arranged on the second rotating ring 63, an empty groove 65 is arranged on the adjusting block 4, a lug 66 can be movably arranged on the empty groove 65, and a spring 67 is used for resetting the lug 66; the projection 66 can enter the groove 64; the surface of the second rotating ring 63 is provided with sealing rubber; water flow enters the annular dropper 6 through the adjusting block 4, the blueberry tree is irrigated in a water drop mode from a dropping hole, one end of the annular dropper 6 is connected with the adjusting block 4, the other end of the annular dropper is detachable, one detachable end is provided with the second rotating ring 63, when the annular dropper needs to be detached, the second rotating ring 63 is rotated, the groove 64 rotates towards two sides, the second rotating ring 63 pushes against the lug 66 and moves towards the direction of the empty groove 65, when the lug 66 enters the empty groove 65, one end of the second rotating ring can be pulled out of the adjusting block 4, when the annular dropper needs to be installed again, only the second rotating ring 63 needs to be reset, the groove 64 is aligned with the lug 66 and then inserted into the adjusting block 4, and under the action of the spring 67, the lug 66 enters the groove 64 again.

Claims

1. An organic blueberry cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting and isolating the ground: selecting a land which is far away from pollution and has a flat topography as a blueberry cultivation base, wherein an isolation strip is arranged in the blueberry cultivation base, and a ditch or a ridge is arranged around the isolation strip;

(2) soil improvement: the PH value of soil in the blueberry cultivation base in the step (1) is 4.0-5.5, and when the pH value of the soil is more than 5.5, the soil improvement agent is used for adjusting; when the organic matter content of the soil is 5-18% and is lower than 5%, adding organic matters;

(3) planting: the planted blueberry varieties comprise main planting varieties and pollination varieties, the ratio of the main planting varieties to the pollination varieties is 1: 2-3: 1, the planting row direction is south-north direction planting, and irregular hilly lands are planted along contour lines;

(4) fertilizing: fertilizer: comprises one or more of blueberry special fertilizer, fish amino acid fertilizer, medium trace element fertilizer and water-soluble fertilizer; fertilizing times: fertilizing 4-6 times every year, namely a bud germination period, a fruit expansion period, a color conversion mature period and a tree vigor recovery period after fruit picking;

(5) weeding: a. weeding the soil between rows and ridges where the blueberry trees are planted through a weeding machine; b. arranging a covering between the rows or the ridges, wherein the thickness of the covering is 10-15 cm;

(6) water content management: the water source adopts a single water source special for an organic orchard, and the water content of soil in the germination stage, the early stage of rapid growth of branches and the fruit expansion stage is 60-70% of the maximum water holding capacity of the soil; the soil water content in the fruit mature period and the harvesting period is 50-60% of the maximum water holding capacity of the soil; the water content of the soil in late autumn is 40-55% of the maximum water holding capacity of the soil; filling once sealing water before winter; watering by drip irrigation equipment;

(7) and (3) preventing and controlling diseases and pests: a. bud stage: removing the insect branches in time and supplementing vitamins; early prevention with a biological agent comprising spinosad or polyoxin; b. and (3) fruit setting stage: balanced fertilization, reasonable supplement of medium trace elements, adjustment of soil humidity, combination of soil fertilization and extra-root topdressing, yellow leaf suspension for trapping and killing aphids, and selection of safe and efficient biological agents for alternate prevention and control in the early stage of disease and pest occurrence; c. harvesting later dormancy earlier stage: removing branches of diseases and pests, hanging yellow plates to trap and kill aphids, supplementing nutrition in time after harvesting, and selecting safe and efficient biological agents for alternate prevention and control at the initial generation stage of the diseases and pests;

in the step of water management, the drip irrigation equipment comprises a main pipeline (1), a buckle (2) arranged on the main pipeline (1), a first rotating ring (11) arranged on the buckle, a transition pipeline (3) used for water passing, a regulating block (4) arranged on one end of the transition pipeline (3), a filter block (5) detachably arranged on the regulating block (4), an annular dropper (6) detachably arranged on the regulating block (4), and humidity induction rods (12) symmetrically arranged on the regulating block (4); the moisture sensing rod (12) is insertable into soil; detain buckle (2) on trunk line (1), the interval of every blueberry tree is confirmed in the slip, then through first swivel (11), insert trunk line (1) transition pipeline (3), untie annular burette (6), then wind on the blueberry tree root, let the both ends of annular burette (6) all in regulating block (4) again, then hold regulating block (4), insert humidity response pole (12) in soil, realize fixedly.

2. The organic blueberry cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bayonet comprises a clamping block (21) and a clamping groove (22); the clamping block (21) comprises limiting plates (211) symmetrically arranged on the clamping block (21), elastic convex plates (212) arranged on the limiting plates (211), and elastic grooves (213) arranged on the limiting plates (211); the clamping groove (22) comprises fastening grooves (221) symmetrically arranged on the clamping groove (22), fastening blocks (222) displaceably arranged on the fastening grooves (221), and fastening springs (223) for resetting the fastening blocks (222); the elastic convex plate (212) can enter the elastic groove (213); the elastic convex plate (212) can be contacted with the fastening block (222); when the elastic convex plate is installed, the clamping groove (22) is placed on the main pipeline (1), then the clamping block (21) is clamped on the clamping groove (22), and the elastic convex plate (212) comes out of the elastic groove (213) and enters the fastening groove (221) to abut against the fastening block (222).

3. The organic blueberry cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method is characterized in that: in the step of land improvement, the PH value of soil in the blueberry cultivation base is 4.3-4.8; the soil improving agent comprises wood vinegar substances; the organic matter content of the soil is 12%; the organic matter comprises one or more of turfy soil, pine needles, sawdust and rotten barks.

4. The organic blueberry cultivation method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the transition pipeline (3) further comprises a prick (31) arranged on the transition pipeline (3), a communication opening (32) arranged on the prick (31) and used for communicating a main water pipe, a threaded rod (33) arranged on the transition pipeline (3), and a threaded groove (34) arranged on the first rotating ring (11) and matched with the threaded rod (33); after the distance between each bayonet socket, the one end of transition pipeline (3) enters into in first change ring (11), let prick thorn (31) towards trunk line (1) in the bayonet socket, rotate first change ring (11), let thread groove (34) and threaded rod (33) intermeshing, thereby let prick thorn (31) slowly and during strong trunk line (1), let transition pipeline (3) and trunk line (1) intercommunication through intercommunication mouth (32), thereby let the passing through intercommunication mouth (32) of trunk line (1), enter into regulating block (4) from transition pipeline (3), finally realize the irrigation to the blueberry tree through the arc burette.

5. The organic blueberry cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the fertilizing step, the blueberry special fertilizer comprises decomposed wormcast, plant fertilizer and bacterial manure; the fish amino acid is a product obtained by fermenting fish leftovers; the medium trace elements are products obtained after animal bone fermentation; the water-soluble fertilizer comprises one or more of a vitamin-containing water-soluble fertilizer, a potassium-containing water-soluble fertilizer, a natural brassin water-soluble fertilizer and a boron-containing water-soluble fertilizer.

6. The organic blueberry cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the adjusting block (4) comprises an adjusting groove (41), a rotating block (42) rotatably arranged on the adjusting groove (41), a flow rate control groove (43) arranged on the rotating block (42), a rotating handle (44) used for driving the rotating block (42) to rotate, a plurality of fixing rods (45) arranged on the rotating handle (44), and a plurality of fixing grooves (46) which are arranged on the adjusting block (4) and are matched with the fixing rods; the notch at one end of the flow rate control is larger than the notch at the other end; the fixing rod can enter the fixing groove; when the flow rate of water drops needs to be adjusted, the rotating handle (44) is pulled down firstly, the fixing rod is led out from the fixing groove, the rotating handle (44) is in a rotatable state at the moment, and the water flow can be adjusted by rotating the rotating handle (44).

7. The organic blueberry cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the fertilizing step, the fertilizers applied in the bud stage, the fruit expanding stage, the color-changing mature stage and the tree vigor recovery stage after fruit picking are respectively as follows: a. bud stage: the fertilizer comprises a blueberry special fertilizer, a fish amino acid fertilizer and a water-soluble fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer application modes comprise root application and foliar application, and the application depth of the root application is 10-20 cm; the water-soluble fertilizer comprises a vitamin-containing water-soluble fertilizer, a natural brassin water-soluble fertilizer and a boron-containing water-soluble fertilizer; b. the fertilizer applied in the fruit expansion period comprises a special blueberry fertilizer, a medium trace element fertilizer and a water-soluble fertilizer, and the water-soluble fertilizer comprises a potassium-containing water-soluble fertilizer and a natural brassin water-soluble fertilizer; the fertilizer applied in the tree vigor recovery period after fruit picking comprises a blueberry special fertilizer, a fish amino acid fertilizer, a medium trace element fertilizer and a water-soluble fertilizer, wherein the water-soluble fertilizer comprises a potassium-containing water-soluble fertilizer.

8. The organic blueberry cultivation method as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the filter block (5) comprises filter plates (51) symmetrically arranged on the filter block (5), a sealing block (52) for preventing leakage, gears (53) symmetrically arranged on the rotating block (42), a fastening ring (54) capable of being sleeved on the gears (53), and fastening ropes (55) with two ends respectively connected with the fastening ring (54) and the filter plates (51); the filter plate (51) can filter sand and stone out, and filter block (5) are detachable, break away from gear (53) fastening ring (54), then pull out filter block (5) and just can dismantle filter plate (51), clear up filter plate (51) after again fastening ring (54) card alright install on gear (53).

9. The organic blueberry cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the natural brassin water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following natural brassin and water in a weight ratio: 8 mg: 20 kg; the boron-containing water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15g to 20 kg; the weight ratio of the vitamins to the water in the vitamin-containing water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: 25 mg: 20 kg; the weight ratio of potassium to water in the potassium-containing water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: 20g to 20 kg.

10. The organic blueberry cultivation method as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the annular dropper (6) further comprises a plurality of drip openings (61) arranged on the annular dropper (6), elastic flow limiting blocks (62) respectively arranged on the drip openings, a second rotating ring (63) arranged on the annular dropper (6), grooves (64) symmetrically arranged on the second rotating ring (63), a hollow groove (65) arranged on the adjusting block (4), a convex block (66) movably arranged on the hollow groove (65), and a spring (67) for resetting the convex block (66); the projection (66) can enter the groove (64); sealing rubber is arranged on the surface of the second rotating ring (63); water flow enters the annular dropper (6) through the adjusting block (4), and then the blueberry trees are irrigated in a water drop form from a dropping hole, one end of the annular dropper (6) is connected with the adjusting block (4), the other end is detachable, a second rotating ring (63) is arranged at one detachable end, when the second rotating ring (63) is rotated to be detached, the groove (64) can rotate towards two sides, so that the second rotary ring (63) is pushed against the projection (66) and moves toward the empty slot (65), when the lug (66) enters the empty groove (65), the end can be pulled out of the adjusting block (4), when the adjusting block is required to be installed again, the second rotating ring (63) is only required to be reset, the groove (64) is aligned with the lug (66) and then inserted into the adjusting block (4), under the action of the spring (67), the lug (66) enters the groove (64) again.