CN112970500A - Planting method of nano-selenium organic tea - Google Patents
Planting method of nano-selenium organic tea Download PDFInfo
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- CN112970500A CN112970500A CN202110167105.6A CN202110167105A CN112970500A CN 112970500 A CN112970500 A CN 112970500A CN 202110167105 A CN202110167105 A CN 202110167105A CN 112970500 A CN112970500 A CN 112970500A
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- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 235000020567 organic tea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 235000009024 Ceanothus sanguineus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 240000003553 Leptospermum scoparium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000234314 Zingiber Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000006886 Zingiber officinale Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000008397 ginger Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005551 calcium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940000207 selenious acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenous acid Chemical compound O[Se](O)=O MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].COC1=CC=CC(CC(CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 36
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010039921 Selenium deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010051379 Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N L-Cysteine Chemical compound SC[C@H](N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- UFULAYFCSOUIOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteamine Chemical compound NCCS UFULAYFCSOUIOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009569 green tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydroxyl radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229960003151 mercaptamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011649 selenium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method of nano-selenium organic tea, which relates to the technical field of tea planting and comprises the following steps: (1) preparing soil in a tea garden: removing tree roots, weed roots and stones, deeply ploughing the land to fully cultivate the land, wherein the cultivation depth is 40-50cm, and leveling the land; (2) base fertilizer and planting: applying farmyard manure base fertilizer, then applying urea, covering soil after applying, and transplanting and planting tea trees after the thickness of the covered soil is 3-5cm and the interval is 1-2 days; (3) conventional field management and pest control; (4) fertilizing: applying nano selenium fertilizer to the root of the tea tree 2-3 months after planting; (5) topdressing: the nano selenium fertilizer is added before the tea is picked in the clear, and the invention adopts the nano selenium fertilizer to improve the selenium content in the tea, and simultaneously improves the color and fresh taste of the tea.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tea planting, in particular to a planting method of nano-selenium organic tea.
Background
The 'Xiangxi golden tea' is an ancient and rare local tea tree variety resource in Hunan xi, the golden tea is a sexual group variety formed by long-term natural selection, belongs to group inheritance, has complex genetic genes, has various genotypes and phenotypes, has a plurality of excellent single plants with specificity, has more than two times of amino acid content than other green tea, and the water extract is close to 50%, and the processed tea product has the quality characteristics of 'fragrance, green, refreshing and thick'.
In nature, selenium is often present as a compound, and can be classified into inorganic selenium and organic selenium. According to investigation, about 7 hundred million people live in areas with selenium deficiency and low selenium which account for 70 percent of the total area of China, selenium is a necessary trace element for human bodies and has the functions of enhancing the immunity of the human bodies, resisting free radical damage and the like, and the selenium deficiency can cause the reduction of the immunity of the human bodies and can induce Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS). As selenium in human body is mainly taken from food, the selenium contained in daily food is not enough to meet the normal requirement of human body, and once the selenium is too much, selenium poisoning is caused, and the tea leaves contain various mineral elements such as tea polyphenol, alkaloid, multiple vitamins, amino acid, selenium and the like, the proper amount of tea drinking is beneficial to the human body. However, inorganic selenium and organic selenium have micro toxicity and are not suitable for long-term eating, so the nano selenium of a novel food functional factor is more suitable for eating, the nano selenium has low toxicity which is not possessed by the inorganic selenium and the organic selenium, the nano selenium has the characteristics of stronger physiological activity, oxidation resistance and absorbability and usability compared with the inorganic selenium and the common organic selenium, and the efficiency of eliminating hydroxyl radicals in vitro is several times that of the inorganic selenium or the common organic selenium. Therefore, the invention relates to a planting method of nano-selenium organic tea, which can effectively improve the quality of the tea and provides a method for cultivating a high-quality and high-efficiency tea garden for the construction of the quality of the Xiangxi golden tea industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for planting nano-selenium organic tea, which adopts nano-selenium fertilizer to improve the selenium content in the tea and simultaneously improve the color and fresh taste of the tea.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means:
a planting method of nano-selenium organic tea leaves comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing soil in a tea garden: removing tree roots, weed roots and stones, deeply ploughing the land to fully cultivate the land, wherein the cultivation depth is 40-50cm, and leveling the land;
(2) base fertilizer and planting: applying farmyard manure base fertilizer, then applying urea, covering soil after applying, and transplanting and planting tea trees after the thickness of the covered soil is 3-5cm and the interval is 1-2 days;
(3) conventional field management and pest control;
(4) fertilizing: applying nano selenium fertilizer to the root of the tea tree 2-3 months after planting;
(5) topdressing: and nano selenium fertilizer is added before the tea is picked.
Preferably, the application amount of the farmyard manure base fertilizer is 700 kg/mu, and the dosage of the urea is 80 kg/mu.
Preferably, the row spacing of the tea garden is 0.5-0.6m, and the plant spacing is 0.5-0.75 m.
Preferably, the dosage is 300 kg/mu when the nano selenium fertilizer is applied for the first time.
Preferably, during the topdressing, the application amount of the nano selenium fertilizer is 20 kg/mu.
Preferably, the pest control is carried out by using a pest killing lamp, a pest trap or artificial catching and killing and the like, and the artificial weeding is carried out during weeding.
Preferably, the preparation method of the nano selenium fertilizer comprises the following steps:
adding the corn cob plant ash and calcium lignosulfonate into water to prepare a mixed solution, heating the mixed solution to 70-75 ℃ in a water bath, taking out the mixed solution after 30-40min, and drying the mixed solution in a drying oven at 80 ℃ until the water content is 30-35% to obtain the pretreated corn cob plant ash;
mixing the sand ginger black soil with 0.1mol/L selenious acid solution and 25 wt% of cysteaminic acid solution, stirring at a high speed for 15-20min, heating to 60-65 ℃, preserving heat for 10-12min, adding pretreated corn cob plant ash, adjusting the pH to 7-7.5, then putting into a high-speed pulverizer at the rotating speed of 3000r/min, pulverizing for 2-3min, then adding alginic acid, glycine and phosphorus pentoxide, continuously pulverizing for 2-3min, taking out, and standing in the open air for 3-4 days to obtain a soil ash mixture;
and taking out the soil ash mixture, carrying out illumination treatment under infrared light with the wavelength of 750nm, turning and stirring the soil ash mixture uniformly after 5 hours of illumination treatment, and standing at room temperature for 1 week after 20 hours of illumination treatment to obtain the nano selenium fertilizer.
The corn cob plant ash has high potassium content, is suitable for being used as a tea garden fertilizer, has strong water absorption, but has nutrients dissolved in water and easy loss, and the nano selenium is easy to agglomerate, so that the tea trees are prevented from absorbing the nano selenium, the water retention of the black soil of the sand ginger is poor, but the structure is compact, the expansion and contraction properties are realized, so that the effective components in the nano selenium and the corn cob plant ash can be wrapped, the dispersity of the nano selenium is improved, the fertilizer is uniformly dispersed around the tea trees, the tea tree ash absorption is facilitated, and the fertilizer efficiency is prolonged. In addition, the swelling property of the corn cob plant ash is further improved after the corn cob plant ash and the calcium lignosulfonate are mixed and heated, so that the corn cob plant ash and the sand ginger black soil can be uniformly mixed.
Mixing cysteine and selenious acid, allowing the mixture to enter pores inside the black sand-ginger soil, reducing the selenious acid into nano-selenium in the pores, mixing the black sand-ginger soil containing the nano-selenium with the pretreated corn cob plant ash, crushing the mixture in a high-speed crusher, reducing the particle size again, generating instantaneous high temperature in the process of quick crushing to activate nutrients in the corn cob plant ash, expanding the black sand-ginger soil under the condition of high-speed crushing, opening pores in the soil again, further stably attaching effective components in the corn cob plant ash and the nano-selenium in the pores of the black sand-ginger soil under the conditions of alginic acid and glycine, placing the black sand-ginger soil in the open air, and then contracting the effective components in the corn cob plant ash and the nano-selenium in the pores. Under the action of infrared light, soil nutrients, oxygen and microorganisms in the sand ginger black soil are activated to form micro fermentation, so that the bulkiness of the fertilizer is further improved, caking is prevented, and the absorption of tea trees is facilitated.
Preferably, the dosage of the nano selenium fertilizer raw materials is as follows:
30-50 parts of corn cob plant ash, 2-3 parts of calcium lignosulphonate, 50-60 parts of sand ginger black soil, 2-5 parts of alginic acid, 5-6 parts of glycine and 8-10 parts of phosphorus pentoxide.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the sand ginger black soil to the selenious acid solution and the cysteamine acid solution is 1:1.5: 2.
Has the advantages that:
(1) after the tea is planted by the planting method, the selenium content is improved to be more than 0.469 mg/kg.
(2) The nano selenium fertilizer is beneficial to promoting the absorption of tea trees to selenium, and the selenium content in tea leaves is obviously improved.
(3) The invention avoids using inorganic selenium or organic selenium fertilizer and adopting novel nano selenium fertilizer to avoid the damage of organic selenium or inorganic selenium to human body.
(4) The planting method disclosed by the invention can be not limited to planting the golden tea, and can be popularized to any area with low selenium content for planting the selenium-rich tea, so that the yield and the output value of the selenium-rich tea are enlarged.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples below:
example 1: nano selenium fertilizer
Weighing the raw materials according to the weight (unit: kg) of the raw materials in the table 1 respectively to prepare the nano selenium fertilizer;
TABLE 1
The specific preparation methods of groups 1 to 3, comparative examples 1 to 3 were as follows:
adding the corn cob plant ash and calcium lignosulfonate into water to prepare a mixed solution with the water content of 65%, heating the mixed solution to 70 ℃ in a water bath, taking out after 40min, and drying in an oven at 80 ℃ until the water content is 35% to obtain pretreated corn cob plant ash;
mixing the sand ginger black soil, 0.1mol/L selenious acid solution and 25 wt% of cysteaminic acid solution, stirring at a high speed for 20min, heating to 60 ℃, preserving heat for 12min, adding pretreated corn cob plant ash, adjusting the pH to 7, then putting into a high-speed pulverizer with the rotating speed of 3000r/min, pulverizing for 2min, then adding alginic acid, glycine and phosphorus pentoxide, continuing to pulverize for 3min, taking out, standing in the open air for 4 days in a rain-proof manner to obtain a soil ash mixture;
and taking out the soil ash mixture, carrying out illumination treatment under infrared light with the wavelength of 750nm, turning and stirring the soil ash mixture uniformly after 5 hours of illumination treatment, and standing at room temperature for 1 week after 20 hours of illumination treatment to obtain the nano selenium fertilizer.
The preparation method of comparative example 4 is as follows:
adding the corn cob plant ash and calcium lignosulfonate into water to prepare a mixed solution with the water content of 65%, heating the mixed solution to 70 ℃ in a water bath, taking out after 40min, and drying in an oven at 80 ℃ until the water content is 35% to obtain pretreated corn cob plant ash;
mixing the sand ginger black soil with 0.1mol/L selenious acid solution and 25 wt% of cysteaminic acid solution, stirring at a high speed for 20min, heating to 60 ℃, preserving heat for 12min, adding the pretreated corn cob plant ash, adjusting the pH to 7, then putting into a high-speed pulverizer with the rotating speed of 3000r/min, pulverizing for 2min, then adding alginic acid, glycine and phosphorus pentoxide, continuing to pulverize for 3min, taking out, and standing in the open air for 4 days in a rain-proof manner to obtain the nano selenium fertilizer.
Drying the prepared nano selenium fertilizer and a blank control (sand ginger black soil) until the water content is 5%, weighing 5g, putting the weighed nano selenium fertilizer into a measuring cup to observe the volume, forbidding the nano selenium fertilizer to be extruded in the experimental process, avoiding influencing the experimental result, and obtaining the result shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
| Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | Blank control (Sand ginger black soil) | |
| Volume (cm)3) | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 2.1 |
Example 2: planting of selenium-rich golden tea
Opening 8 experimental plots with the size of 10 multiplied by 10m and similar conditions, respectively applying the nano selenium fertilizer prepared by the proportion requirements of groups 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4 and the blank control sand ginger black soil, and specifically planting the following steps:
(1) preparing soil in a tea garden: removing sundries such as tree roots, weed roots and stones in the land, deeply ploughing the land for full reclamation, wherein the depth of reclamation is 45cm, and leveling the land;
(2) base fertilizer and planting: applying farmyard manure base fertilizer according to the standard of 700 kg/mu in an experimental land, applying urea according to the standard of 80 kg/mu, covering soil after all the fertilizers are applied, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 3-5cm, the row spacing is 0.5m and the plant spacing is 0.75m after 1-2 days, and transplanting golden tea seedlings;
(3) managing according to a conventional field management and pest control method for gold tea planting, but paying attention to the fact that pest control is carried out by means of an insect killing lamp, an insect trap or manual catching and killing and the like, manual weeding is adopted during weeding, and chemical control is not carried out by adopting pesticides, insecticides and the like;
(4) fertilizing: applying nano selenium fertilizer to the roots of the tea trees after 3 months of planting, wherein the using amount is 300 kg/mu, and the using method is the same as that of farmyard manure;
(5) topdressing: and (3) adding nano selenium fertilizer before clear and clear tea picking, wherein the application amount is 20 kg/mu.
(6) Tea picking: tea picking is carried out according to the normal tea picking time of the golden tea.
After the picked tea leaves are respectively processed according to the conventional gold tea processing method, the selenium content is measured according to the NY/T600-2002 selenium-enriched tea standard, and the obtained data are shown in the table 3:
TABLE 3
| Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | Blank control (Sand ginger black soil) | |
| Selenium content (mg/kg) | 0.476 | 0.482 | 0.469 | 0.392 | 0.376 | 0.369 | 0.304 | 0.114 |
As can be seen from tables 2 and 3, the nano-selenium fertilizer prepared by the groups 1 to 3 by using the nano-selenium fertilizer and the planting method disclosed by the invention has high filling power, the selenium content of the tea leaves obtained after the nano-selenium fertilizer is applied to the golden tea trees is high and reaches over 0.469mg/kg, the international standard requirement is completely met, and the selenium content is over 3 times of the selenium content of blank control tea leaves, so that the nano-selenium fertilizer is beneficial to the absorption of the tea trees. Comparative examples 1-4 show that calcium lignosulfonate, sand ginger black soil, alginic acid, glycine and infrared light treatment all influence the bulkiness of the nano selenium fertilizer, and are beneficial to tea trees to absorb the nano selenium fertilizer and improve the selenium content of tea.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.
Claims (9)
1. A planting method of nano-selenium organic tea is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing soil in a tea garden: removing tree roots, weed roots and stones, deeply ploughing the land to fully cultivate the land, wherein the cultivation depth is 40-50cm, and leveling the land;
(2) base fertilizer and planting: applying farmyard manure base fertilizer, then applying urea, covering soil after applying, and transplanting and planting tea trees after the thickness of the covered soil is 3-5cm and the interval is 1-2 days;
(3) conventional field management and pest control;
(4) fertilizing: applying nano selenium fertilizer to the root of the tea tree 2-3 months after planting;
(5) topdressing: and nano selenium fertilizer is added before the tea is picked.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of the applied farmyard manure base fertilizer is 700 kg/acre and the amount of urea is 80 kg/acre.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the row spacing of the tea garden is 0.5-0.6m and the plant spacing is 0.5-0.75 m.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the amount of the nano selenium fertilizer applied for the first time is 120 kg/mu.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the application amount of the nano selenium fertilizer is 20 kg/mu in the topdressing process.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein pest control is carried out by using a pest lamp, a trap or artificial killing, and weeding is carried out by artificial weeding.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the preparation method of the nano selenium fertilizer is as follows:
adding the corn cob plant ash and calcium lignosulfonate into water to prepare a mixed solution, heating the mixed solution to 70-75 ℃ in a water bath, taking out the mixed solution after 30-40min, and drying the mixed solution in a drying oven at 80 ℃ until the water content is 30-35% to obtain the pretreated corn cob plant ash;
mixing the sand ginger black soil with 0.1mol/L selenious acid solution and 25 wt% of cysteaminic acid solution, stirring at a high speed for 15-20min, heating to 60-65 ℃, preserving heat for 10-12min, adding pretreated corn cob plant ash, adjusting the pH to 7-7.5, then putting into a high-speed pulverizer at the rotating speed of 3000r/min, pulverizing for 2-3min, then adding alginic acid, glycine and phosphorus pentoxide, continuously pulverizing for 2-3min, taking out, and standing in the open air for 3-4 days to obtain a soil ash mixture;
and taking out the soil ash mixture, carrying out illumination treatment under infrared light with the wavelength of 750nm, turning and stirring the soil ash mixture uniformly after 5 hours of illumination treatment, and standing at room temperature for 1 week after 20 hours of illumination treatment to obtain the nano selenium fertilizer.
8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the raw materials are used in the following amounts:
30-50 parts of corn cob plant ash, 2-3 parts of calcium lignosulphonate, 50-60 parts of sand ginger black soil, 2-5 parts of alginic acid, 5-6 parts of glycine and 8-10 parts of phosphorus pentoxide.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the mass ratio of the sand ginger black soil to the selenious acid solution and the cysteaminic acid solution is 1:1.5: 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110167105.6A CN112970500B (en) | 2021-02-05 | 2021-02-05 | Planting method of nano-selenium organic tea |
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| CN103299798A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-09-18 | 安徽天方茶业（集团）有限公司 | Method for planting selenium-enriched organic Wuliqing teas |
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| CN108208349A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-29 | 中国农业大学 | Application of the nanometer selenium in agricultural production and processing |
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| CN111386821A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-10 | 惠州市硒态链生物科技有限公司 | Production method of selenium-rich tea |
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| CN101401520A (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2009-04-08 | 张金松 | Cultivation method for nano-selenium-containing iron goddess tea organic tea tree and nano-selenium-containing iron goddess tea organic tea |
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