CN112839985B - 抛光层用聚氨酯、抛光层、抛光垫及抛光层的改性方法 - Google Patents
抛光层用聚氨酯、抛光层、抛光垫及抛光层的改性方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112839985B CN112839985B CN201980067771.3A CN201980067771A CN112839985B CN 112839985 B CN112839985 B CN 112839985B CN 201980067771 A CN201980067771 A CN 201980067771A CN 112839985 B CN112839985 B CN 112839985B
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- polyurethane
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3203—Polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G18/3206—Polyhydroxy compounds aliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/06—Other polishing compositions
- C09G1/14—Other polishing compositions based on non-waxy substances
- C09G1/16—Other polishing compositions based on non-waxy substances on natural or synthetic resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/34—Carboxylic acids; Esters thereof with monohydroxyl compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/11—Lapping tools
- B24B37/20—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/24—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces characterised by the composition or properties of the pad materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/20—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
- B24D3/28—Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
- C08G18/0819—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
- C08G18/0823—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups containing carboxylate salt groups or groups forming them
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Abstract
本发明提供具有羧酸酯基的抛光层用聚氨酯,优选使用在侧链、主链末端及主链骨架中的至少一者具有羧酸酯基的聚氨酯。另外,本发明提供一种抛光层的改性方法,该方法包括:准备包含具有羧酸酯基的聚氨酯的抛光层的工序;以及使聚氨酯的羧酸酯基水解而生成羧酸基的工序。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及可优选用作抛光垫的抛光层的材料的新型聚氨酯。
背景技术
作为用于对半导体晶片进行镜面加工、或在半导体基板上形成电路的工序中对具有氧化膜等绝缘膜、导体膜的被抛光物的表面进行平坦化的抛光方法,已知有CMP(化学机械抛光)。CMP是在对被抛光物的表面供给包含磨粒及反应液的浆料的同时、用抛光垫对被抛光物进行高精度抛光的方法。聚氨酯可以作为CMP中使用的抛光垫的抛光层的材料而使用。
近些年,随着形成于半导体基板上的电路的高集成化及多层布线化的发展,对CMP要求抛光速度的提高、更高的平坦性。为了满足这样的要求,提出了通过提高磨粒与抛光面的亲和性来提高抛光速度来调整聚氨酯的表面状态的技术。例如,下述专利文献1中公开了一种抛光垫,其缩短了进行抛光垫表面的整形处理的准备工序(磨合(启动))所需的时间,所述准备工序是在抛光装置上安装抛光垫并启动抛光装置的使用初始阶段的修整处理。具体而言,公开了一种抛光垫,其具有压接于被抛光物的抛光面,抛光面的起伏的周期为5mm~200mm,且最大振幅为40μm以下。另外,专利文献1中公开了在抛光垫的抛光面的zeta电位为-50mv以上且低于0mv时,通过抑制浆料中的负磨粒相对于抛光面的排斥,使抛光面与磨粒的适应变得良好,实现磨合时间的缩短。
另外,下述专利文献2中公开了一种抛光垫,其通过抑制抛光屑附着于抛光面而减少被抛光物表面的划痕、缺陷的产生,提高产品的成品率,并且可以获得高平坦性和适度的抛光速度。具体而言,公开了一种抛光垫,其特征在于与被抛光物对置抛光面的zeta电位为-100mv以上且小于-55mv。
另外,下述专利文献3中公开了一种固定于平台上来进行抛光的抛光垫,其在CMP中能够在不使绝缘层产生缺陷的情况下以低负载进行抛光。具体而言,公开了一种抛光垫,其特征在于,在抛光垫的与被抛光物接触的抛光面的至少一部分使用了在室温下的拉伸模量为0.2GPa以上、且供给至被抛光物与抛光垫的抛光面之间的浆料的pH范围内的zeta电位为+0.1~+30mV的材质。另外,作为比较例,公开了使用pH3~5的酸性浆料进行CMP时zeta电位为-8.5mV的抛光垫。
另外,下述专利文献4中公开了一种抛光用片,其是使混合液含浸于无纺布后进行干燥而得到的,所述混合液包含(A)含羧基聚氨酯树脂、(B)碳原子数为1~4的羧酸的铵盐及(C)水。专利文献4中公开了含羧基聚氨酯树脂使抛光用片的亲水性提高。
另外,虽然不是涉及抛光垫的技术,但已知在聚氨酯中导入羧酸酯基的技术。例如,下述专利文献5中公开了一种光学活性的新型聚氨酯的制造方法,其特征在于,使光学活性的酒石酸二酯或光学活性的1,2-二苯基乙二醇与二异氰酸酯进行反应。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:国际公开2008-029725号
专利文献2:日本特开2013-018056号公报
专利文献3:日本特开2005-294661号公报
专利文献4:日本特开2006-36909号公报
专利文献5:日本特公平06-099534号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
本发明的目的在于提供可优选用作抛光垫的抛光层的材料的新型聚氨酯及包含其的抛光层、抛光垫、以及抛光层的改性方法。
用于解决课题的方法
本发明的一个方面是具有羧酸酯基的抛光层用聚氨酯。通过使羧酸酯基水解而生成羧酸基。根据具有这样的羧酸酯基的聚氨酯,可以通过在聚氨酯成型后将羧酸酯基水解,从而生成羧酸基。羧酸基提高聚氨酯表面的亲水性而改善润湿性。另外,在用作抛光垫的抛光层的材料的情况下,通过选择水解处理条件来调整水解的水平,能够调整作为抛光面的表面电位的zeta电位。另外,通过将羧酸基转变为其它官能团,也能够在聚氨酯中导入各种官能团。优选在侧链、主链末端及主链骨架中的至少一者具有羧酸酯基。在侧链、末端包含羧酸酯基的情况下,羧酸酯基的分子运动性增高。另外,尤其在侧链导入了羧酸酯基的情况下,无论聚氨酯的分子链长如何,均能够充分地确保羧酸酯基的导入量。另外,在主链包含羧酸酯基的情况下,由于可以在多元醇内包含羧酸酯基,因此无论硬/软链段的比例如何,均能够充分地确保羧酸酯基的导入量。此外,在末端导入了羧酸酯基的情况下,由于从分子运动性的观点出发能够稳定地确保高改性率、且容易使聚合物内的导入位置均匀化,因此,即使主要在平均至低分子长链的情况下,也能确保改性率的高低,并使导入位置均匀化,从而稳定地确保反应性。
另外,作为具有羧酸酯基的聚氨酯,可列举出包含具有羧酸酯基的单体单元的聚氨酯。具体而言,例如,从容易将羧酸酯基保持在聚氨酯中的观点考虑,优选为至少包含(a)扩链剂单元、(b)高分子多元醇单元及(c)有机二异氰酸酯单元作为单体单元的聚氨酯,且(a)扩链剂单元及(b)高分子多元醇单元中的至少一者具有羧酸酯基。作为具有羧酸酯基的(a)扩链剂的具体例,例如可列举出酒石酸二酯、1-(叔丁氧羰基)-3-吡咯烷醇、2,4-二羟基苯甲酸甲酯等。
另外,从能够通过连续熔融聚合进行连续生产、且使用了T模头的挤出成型性也优异的方面考虑,优选聚氨酯为热塑性聚氨酯。
另外,本发明的另一个方面是包含上述任意的聚氨酯的抛光层。这样的抛光层通过在成型后使羧酸酯基水解,从而对表面特性进行改性。另外,从可以得到能够实现抛光特性不易发生变动的稳定抛光的抛光层的方面考虑,优选抛光层为非发泡成型体。
另外,本发明的另一个方面为抛光层的改性方法,该方法具备:准备抛光层的工序,所述抛光层包含具有羧酸酯基的聚氨酯;以及使聚氨酯的羧酸酯基水解而生成羧酸基的工序。根据这样的抛光层的改性方法,通过在抛光层的成型后使羧酸酯基水解而在抛光层的表面生成羧酸基,可以对表面特性进行改性。因此,在使用了这样的抛光层的情况下,可以通过的表面特性的改性来调整作为抛光面的表面电位的zeta电位。
另外,本发明的另一个方面为一种抛光层,其包含具有羧酸基的热塑性聚氨酯,所述抛光层在pH3.0~pH8.0下的zeta电位为-1.0mV以下。这样的抛光层不仅在使用碱性的浆料时,而且在使用酸性的浆料时也对磨粒显示出高亲和性,从这一点考虑是优选的。
另外,从抛光均匀性及抛光稳定性也优异的方面考虑,优选抛光层与水的接触角为80度以下。
另外,本发明的另一个方面是包含上述任意抛光层的抛光垫。
发明的效果
根据本发明,可以得到可优选用作抛光垫的抛光层的材料的新型聚氨酯。另外,抛光垫的抛光层在成型后容易对表面特性进行改性。
附图说明
图1是具有羧酸酯基的聚氨酯的示意结构图。
图2是对将具有羧酸酯基的聚氨酯改性为具有羧酸基的聚氨酯的过程进行说明的说明图。
图3是对导入聚氨酯中的羧酸基的离解进行说明的说明图。
图4是对使用了实施方式的抛光垫的抛光方法进行说明的说明图。
具体实施方式
以下,对本发明的聚氨酯、抛光层、抛光垫及抛光层的改性方法的一个实施方式进行详细说明。
本实施方式的聚氨酯是具有羧酸酯基的聚氨酯。具体而言,可以举出在侧链、主链末端及主链骨架中的至少一者具有羧酸酯基的聚氨酯。
具有羧酸酯基的聚氨酯例如可以通过将聚氨酯的单体原料利用使用了公知的预聚物法或一步法的聚氨酯的制造方法而制造,所述聚氨酯的单体原料至少包含(a)扩链剂、(b)高分子多元醇及(c)有机二异氰酸酯,且(a)扩链剂及(b)高分子多元醇中至少一者为具有羧酸酯基的化合物。具体而言,例如可列举出如下方法:在实质上不存在溶剂的情况下一边使用单螺杆或多螺杆型挤出机将聚氨酯的单体原料以给定的比率进行熔融混合,一边进行连续熔融聚合的方法;在溶剂的存在下进行溶液聚合的方法;进行乳液聚合的方法等。
作为聚氨酯,可以是热塑性聚氨酯,也可以是热固性聚氨酯。在用作抛光垫的抛光层的情况下,从使用了T模头的挤出成型性优异的方面考虑,优选为热塑性聚氨酯。以下,在本实施方式中,作为具有羧酸酯基的聚氨酯的一例,对热塑性聚氨酯的代表例进行详细说明。
扩链剂(a)是二元醇化合物或二胺化合物等在分子中具有2个以上能与异氰酸酯基反应的活性氢原子的优选分子量300以下的低分子化合物。为了在聚氨酯的侧链保持羧酸酯基,优选使用具有羧酸酯基的扩链剂(a1)作为扩链剂(a)的至少一部分。
作为具有羧酸酯基的扩链剂(a1)的具体例,例如可列举出酒石酸二乙酯、酒石酸二甲酯等酒石酸二酯;2,4-二羟基苯甲酸甲酯、3,5-二羟基苯甲酸甲酯、新戊二醇单(羟基新戊酸酯)等含有羧酸酯基的二醇、二胺、或它们的衍生物。这些化合物可以单独使用或组合使用2种以上。其中,从容易获得反应性、机械特性优异的聚氨酯的方面考虑,特别优选为酒石酸二乙酯。
另外,作为具有羧酸酯基的扩链剂(a1)以外的不具有羧酸酯基的扩链剂(a2),可列举出目前在聚氨酯的制造中使用的不具有羧酸酯基、且在分子中具有2个以上能与异氰酸酯基反应的活性氢原子的分子量300以下的低分子化合物。作为其具体例,例如可列举出乙二醇、二乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、2,2-二乙基-1,3-丙二醇、1,2-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、新戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、3-甲基-1,5-戊二醇、1,4-双(β-羟基乙氧基)苯、1,4-环己二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇等环己烷二甲醇、双(β-羟基乙基)对苯二甲酸酯、1,9-壬二醇、间苯二甲醇、对苯二甲醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇等二醇类;乙二胺、三亚甲基二胺、四亚甲基二胺、六亚甲基二胺、七亚甲基二胺、八亚甲基二胺、九亚甲基二胺、十亚甲基二胺、十一亚甲基二胺、十二亚甲基二胺、2,2,4-三甲基六亚甲基二胺、2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基二胺、3-甲基五亚甲基二胺、1,2-环己二胺、1,3-环己二胺、1,4-环己二胺、1,2-二氨基丙烷、肼、苯二甲胺、异佛尔酮二胺、哌嗪、邻苯二胺、间苯二胺、对苯二胺、二氨基甲苯、二甲苯二胺、己二酸二酰肼、间苯二甲酸二酰肼、4,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷、4,4’-二氨基二苯基醚、4,4’-双(4-氨基苯氧基)联苯、4,4’-双(3-氨基苯氧基)联苯、1,4-双(4-氨基苯氧基)苯、1,3-双(4-氨基苯氧基)苯、1,3-双(3-氨基苯氧基)苯、3,4’-二氨基二苯基醚、4,4’-二氨基二苯砜、3,4-二氨基二苯砜、3,3’-二氨基二苯砜、4,4’-亚甲基-双(2-氯苯胺)、3,3’-二甲基-4,4’-二氨基联苯、4,4’-二氨基二苯基硫醚、2,6-二氨基甲苯、2,4-二氨基氯苯、1,2-二氨基蒽醌、1,4-二氨基蒽醌、3,3’-二氨基二苯甲酮、3,4-二氨基二苯甲酮、4,4’-二氨基二苯甲酮、4,4’-二氨基联苄、2,2’-二氨基-1,1’-联萘、1,3-双(4-氨基苯氧基)烷烃、1,4-双(4-氨基苯氧基)烷烃、1,5-双(4-氨基苯氧基)烷烃等1,n-双(4-氨基苯氧基)烷烃(n为3~10)、1,2-双[2-(4-氨基苯氧基)乙氧基]乙烷、9,9-双(4-氨基苯基)芴、4,4’-二氨基苯甲酰苯胺等二胺类。这些化合物可以单独使用或组合使用2种以上。其中,优选为1,4-丁二醇。
另外,为了在聚氨酯的主链末端保持羧酸酯基,作为具有羧酸酯基的化合物,也可以使用新戊二醇单(羟基新戊酸酯)、1-(叔丁氧羰基)-3-吡咯烷醇等具有羧酸酯基的一元醇、一元胺。这些化合物可以单独使用或组合使用2种以上。
在具有羧酸酯基的一元醇、一元胺也包含于扩链剂(a1)时,可适当选择扩链剂(a)的总量中的扩链剂(a1)的比例,从能够将羧酸酯基充分赋予至聚氨酯的侧链、主链末端的方面考虑,例如优选为5~95摩尔%,进一步优选为10~90摩尔%。
高分子多元醇(b)可列举出数均分子量超过300的聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚碳酸酯多元醇等高分子多元醇。另外,在制造热塑性聚氨酯时,主要使用高分子二醇。另外,为了在聚氨酯中保持羧酸酯基,也可以使用具有羧酸酯基的高分子多元醇(b1)。
作为具有羧酸酯基的高分子多元醇(b1)的具体例,例如可列举出具有羧酸酯基的聚碳酸酯二醇。
另外,作为具有羧酸酯基的高分子多元醇(b1)以外的不具有羧酸酯基的高分子多元醇(b2),可以没有特别限定地使用目前聚氨酯的制造中使用的不具有羧酸酯基、且数均分子量超过300的聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚碳酸酯多元醇等高分子多元醇。
作为高分子多元醇(b2)的具体例,例如可列举出不具有羧酸酯基的聚醚二醇、聚酯二醇、聚碳酸酯二醇等。这些多元醇可以单独使用或组合使用2种以上。
作为聚醚二醇的具体例,例如可列举出聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚四亚甲基二醇、聚(甲基四亚甲基)二醇、甘油基质聚亚烷基醚二醇等。这些二醇可以单独使用或组合使用2种以上。其中,优选为聚乙二醇、聚四亚甲基二醇,特别是聚四亚甲基二醇。
另外,聚酯二醇例如可以通过使二羧酸或其酯、其酸酐等成酯性衍生物与低分子二醇直接进行酯化反应或进行酯交换反应而得到。
作为用于制造聚酯二醇的二羧酸或其酯、其酸酐等成酯性衍生物的具体例,例如可列举出草酸、琥珀酸、戊二酸、己二酸、庚二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、十二烷二酸、2-甲基琥珀酸、2-甲基己二酸、3-甲基己二酸、3-甲基戊二酸、2-甲基辛二酸、3,8-二甲基癸二酸、3,7-二甲基癸二酸等碳原子数2~12的脂肪族二羧酸;将通过甘油三酯的分馏而得到的不饱和脂肪酸进行二聚化所形成的碳原子数14~48的二聚化脂肪族二羧酸(二聚酸)及它们的氢化物(氢化二聚酸)等脂肪族二羧酸;1,4-环己烷二羧酸等脂环式二羧酸;对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、邻苯二甲酸等芳香族二羧酸等。另外,作为二聚酸及氢化二聚酸的具体例,例如可列举出Uniqema公司制商品名“PRIPOL 1004”、“PRIPOL 1006”、“PRIPOL 1009”、“PRIPOL 1013”等。这些化合物可以单独使用或组合使用2种以上。
另外,作为用于制造聚酯二醇的低分子二醇的具体例,例如可列举出乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇、1,5-戊二醇、3-甲基-1,5-戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,7-庚二醇、1,8-辛二醇、2-甲基-1,8-辛二醇、1,9-壬二醇、1,10-癸二醇等脂肪族二醇;环己烷二甲醇、环己二醇等脂环式二醇等。这些二醇可以单独使用或组合使用2种以上。其中,优选为碳原子数6~12、进一步优选为碳原子数8~10、特别优选为碳原子数9的二醇。
作为聚碳酸酯二醇,可列举出通过低分子二醇与碳酸二烷基酯、碳酸亚烷基酯、碳酸二芳基酯等碳酸酯化合物的反应而得到的聚碳酸酯二醇。作为用于制造聚碳酸酯二醇的低分子二醇,可列举出先前示例出的低分子二醇。另外,作为碳酸二烷基酯,可列举出碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二乙酯等。另外,作为碳酸亚烷基酯,可列举出碳酸亚乙酯等。作为碳酸二芳基酯,可列举出碳酸二苯酯等。
作为高分子多元醇(b)的数均分子量,从易于获得适于保持刚性、硬度、亲水性等要求特性的抛光层的聚氨酯的方面考虑,优选为300~3000,进一步优选为500~2700,特别优选为500~2400。需要说明的是,高分子二醇的数均分子量是指基于依据JISK1557测得的羟值而计算出的数均分子量。
使用具有羧酸酯基的高分子多元醇(b1)时,高分子多元醇(b)的总量中的高分子多元醇(b1)的比例可以适当选择,从在保持力学物性的同时能够将羧酸酯基充分赋予至聚氨酯的方面考虑,例如优选为10~100摩尔%,进一步优选为20~90摩尔%。
另外,作为有机二异氰酸酯(c),只要是目前的聚氨酯制造中使用的有机二异氰酸酯就可以没有特别限定地使用。作为其具体例,例如可列举出亚乙基二异氰酸酯、四亚甲基二异氰酸酯、五亚甲基二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、2,2,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、十二亚甲基二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、异丙叉双(4-环己基异氰酸酯)、环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲基环己烷二异氰酸酯、4,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、赖氨酸二异氰酸酯、2,6-二异氰酸根合甲基己酸酯、双(2-异氰酸根合乙基)富马酸酯、双(2-异氰酸根合乙基)碳酸酯、2-异氰酸根合乙基-2,6-二异氰酸酯根合己酸酯、环亚己基二异氰酸酯、甲基环亚己基二异氰酸酯、双(2-异氰酸根合乙基)-4-环己烯等脂肪族或脂环式二异氰酸酯;2,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯、2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯、间苯二异氰酸酯、对苯二异氰酸酯、间苯二甲基二异氰酸酯、对苯二甲基二异氰酸酯、1,5-萘二异氰酸酯、4,4’-二异氰酸根合联苯、3,3’-二甲基-4,4’-二异氰酸根合联苯、3,3’-二甲基-4,4’-二异氰酸根合二苯基甲烷、氯亚苯基-2,4-二异氰酸酯、四甲基苯二甲基二异氰酸酯等芳香族二异氰酸酯等。这些化合物可以单独使用或组合使用2种以上。其中,从能够得到适于耐磨损性优异的抛光层的聚氨酯的方面考虑,特别优选为4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
具有羧酸酯基的热塑性聚氨酯可以通过使用包含具有羧酸酯基的化合物的聚氨酯的单体原料并利用使用了公知的预聚物法或一步法的聚氨酯的制造方法而得到。优选地,从生产性优异的方面考虑,优选为如下的一步法:在实质上不存在溶剂的条件下,一边以给定的比率配合上述的各成分并使用单螺杆或多螺杆型挤出机进行熔融混合,一边进行连续熔融聚合。
各成分的配合比例可根据目标特性进行适当调整。例如,相对于扩链剂(a)和高分子多元醇(b)中包含的活性氢原子1摩尔,以有机二异氰酸酯(c)中包含的异氰酸酯基为0.95~1.3摩尔、进一步优选为0.96~1.10摩尔、特别优选为0.97~1.05摩尔的比例进行配合。
如上所述通过进行连续熔融聚合而得到的具有羧酸酯基的热塑性聚氨酯例如在经颗粒化后利用挤出成型法、注射成型法、吹塑成型法、压延成型法等各种成型法而成型为片状的成型体。特别是从能够连续生产厚度均匀的片状的成型体的方面考虑,优选为使用了T模头的挤出成型。
另外,对于具有羧酸酯基的热塑性聚氨酯而言,从加工性的方面考虑,优选作为硬链段的结晶熔点的高温侧熔点为50~100℃,进一步优选为60~90℃。
如上所述制造的聚氨酯具有羧酸酯基。将这样的聚氨酯的示意结构图示于图1。
聚氨酯中的羧酸酯基的含有比例没有特别限定,从容易显著地获得聚氨酯的表面改性效果的方面考虑,优选以羧酸换算计为1~20质量%,进一步优选为3~10质量%。
另外,聚氨酯也可以根据需要含有交联剂、填充剂、交联促进剂、交联助剂、软化剂、增稠剂、防老剂、发泡剂、加工助剂、密合性赋予剂、无机填充剂、有机填料、结晶成核剂、耐热稳定剂、耐候稳定剂、抗静电剂、着色剂、润滑剂、阻燃剂、阻燃助剂(氧化锑等)、防起霜剂、脱模剂、增粘剂、抗氧化剂、导电剂等添加剂。添加剂的含有比例没有特别限定,优选为50质量%以下,进一步优选为20质量%以下,特别优选为5质量%以下。
本实施方式的聚氨酯优选为热塑性聚氨酯。需要说明的是,热塑性是指能够利用经过挤出成型、注射成型、压延成型、3D打印成型等进行加热熔融的工序的成型方法而进行成型的特性。作为抛光垫的抛光层使用的抛光垫用成型体可以利用上述的各种成型方法将聚氨酯成型而得到。特别从容易获得生产性优异、均匀厚度的片状的成型体的方面考虑,优选采用使用了T模头的挤出成型。
另外,抛光垫用成型体可以是发泡成型体,也可以是非发泡成型体。特别从抛光特性不易发生变动而能够实现稳定的抛光的方面考虑,优选为非发泡成型体。例如,在使用了通过进行注射成型发泡固化而制造的聚氨酯发泡体的抛光层的情况下,由于发泡结构的偏差而存在平坦性、平坦化效率等抛光特性容易发生变动的倾向,而且具有难以实现用于提高平坦性的高硬度化的倾向。
这样的具有羧酸酯基的聚氨酯的成型体可以通过在成型后仅使羧酸酯基水解而对表面特性进行改性。具体而言,通过将存在于聚氨酯的侧链、主链末端及主链骨架中的至少一者的羧酸酯基水解,能够在聚氨酯成型体的表面生成羧酸基。另外,也可以将保持于聚氨酯的羧酸基进一步转变为其它官能团。另外,通过选择将羧酸酯基水解的条件,也能够调整生成的羧酸基的量。其结果是,能够在聚氨酯成型体的成型后对表面的zeta电位、亲水性等表面特性的改性进行调整。接着,对改性处理、即聚氨酯所具有的羧酸酯基的水解进行详细说明。
通过将聚氨酯中存在的羧酸酯基水解,能够在聚氨酯的表面生成羧酸基。具体而言,例如,如图2所示,可以通过将具有羧酸酯基的聚氨酯的成型体的羧酸酯基水解,从而将羧酸酯基转变为羧酸基。
水解反应通过用含水液体处理来进行。作为含水液体,从利用催化作用来促进水解的方面考虑,优选使用例如盐酸等酸性水溶液、氢氧化钠水溶液、氢氧化钾水溶液、氨水等碱性溶液。其中,从水解的反应性的方面考虑,特别优选使用氢氧化钠水溶液、氢氧化钾水溶液。另外,用于水解的含水液体的温度没有特别限定,从容易控制水解反应的方面考虑,优选为20~90℃,进一步优选为30~80℃。另外,用含水液体进行处理的时间也没有特别限定,从容易控制水解的方面考虑,优选为5~1440分钟,进一步优选为60~720分钟左右。
通过这样将羧酸酯基水解而改性后的聚氨酯具有羧酸基。如图3所示,被赋予至聚氨酯的羧酸基与包含酸性范围且具有使羧酸基离子化的pH的水溶液接触时,羧酸基离解为-COO-和H+。然后,通过该表面的-COO-而对聚氨酯的表面赋予负电位。在作为后述的抛光垫的抛光层的用途中,这样的负电位使酸性范围中的zeta电位降低,提高与酸性浆料中的磨粒的亲和性。另外,聚氨酯的羧酸基通过提高聚氨酯的表面的亲水性而改善润湿性。这样的聚氨酯可适宜用于要求亲水性、电特性等的改性的聚氨酯的各种用途。特别是优选可适宜用作作为抛光垫的抛光层而使用的抛光垫用成型体。特别是使用了具有羧酸基的聚氨酯成型体的抛光层,通过使抛光层的表面的电位降低而提高与磨粒的亲和性。
接下来,对包含具有羧酸酯基的聚氨酯的成型体作为抛光层的抛光垫进行说明。本实施方式的抛光垫包含抛光层,该抛光层是通过从具有羧酸酯基的聚氨酯的片状的成型体上切下圆形等片断而得到的。
例如,作为CMP中使用的浆料,有酸性的浆料、碱性的浆料。酸性的浆料与碱性的浆料可以根据抛光的目的进行选择而使用,在进行多步抛光工艺的情况下,可以将它们组合而使用。碱性的浆料中包含的磨粒通常具有负zeta电位。在使用了碱性的浆料的情况下,使用zeta电位为负的抛光层时能够将抛光层的zeta电位保持为负,由此,抛光屑不易附着于抛光层而减少划痕、缺陷的产生。然而,在碱性中zeta电位为负的抛光层的情况下,使用了酸性的浆料时,多数情况下zeta电位变为正。
酸性的浆料中的磨粒的zeta电位大多数为正。一方面,例如,硅晶片的表面的zeta电位在酸性下通常为负。在该情况下,硅晶片表面的负电荷与酸性的浆料中的磨粒的正电荷吸引,因此可以认为彼此的亲和性高。另一方面,通常的聚氨酯的zeta电位具有如下倾向:在酸性范围的特别是低于pH3的pH区域中,zeta电位为正,在pH3附近为等电点而接近0,在pH高的碱性范围趋于负。
在使用酸性的浆料中的zeta电位为正的磨粒、并以酸性范围中zeta电位为正的聚氨酯的抛光层对酸性范围中zeta电位为负的基材进行抛光时,可以认为zeta电位为正的抛光层与zeta电位为正的磨粒相互排斥而变得缺乏亲和性。因此可以认为,在使用酸性的浆料对酸性范围中zeta电位为负的基材进行抛光时,优选使用酸性范围中zeta电位进一步变负的抛光层。本件发明人等通过在显示出负zeta电位的基材与显示出负zeta电位的抛光层之间夹有显示出正zeta电位的磨粒,从而实现了使磨粒在基材与抛光层之间稳定而提高抛光速度的方式。
作为本实施方式的抛光层的材料而使用的成型体是具有羧酸基的聚氨酯的成型体。对于使用了在表面具有羧酸基的聚氨酯成型体的抛光层而言,通过在与酸性浆料接触时抛光面的羧酸基离解成-COO-,从而能够实现zeta电位在pH3.0下为-1.0mV以下的抛光面。在pH3.0下的zeta电位为-1.0mV以下时,与酸性范围中显示出正zeta电位的磨粒显示出高亲和性。此外,通过在酸性范围中显示出负zeta电位的基材与显示出负zeta电位的抛光层之间夹有显示出正zeta电位的磨粒,从而使磨粒对基材及抛光层这两者显示出高亲和性,因此能够实现高的抛光速度。
形成抛光层的聚氨酯在pH3.0~pH8.0下的zeta电位优选为-1.0mV以下,进一步优选为-2.0mV~-40mV,特别优选为-3.0~-30mV,尤其优选为-5.0~-20mV。特别是在抛光垫在pH3.0下的zeta电位超过-1.0时,抛光浆料与抛光垫容易发生电排斥而使亲和性降低。这里,zeta电位是指,在物质与液体接触时,与物质的表面电荷相应地由抗衡离子在电双层表面(滑动面)产生的电位。在本实施方式中,zeta电位是使用电泳光散射装置(ELS-Z、大塚电子株式会社制)、并使用分散在用HCl水溶液调整至pH3.0的10mM NaCl水溶液中的Monitorlatex(大塚电子株式会社制)所测得的zeta电位。
另外,从容易得到pH3.0下的zeta电位为-1.0mV以下的抛光层的方面考虑,形成抛光层的聚氨酯在pH4.0下的zeta电位优选为-1.0mV以下,进一步优选为-5.5~-40mV,特别优选为-7.5~-30mV,尤其优选为-10.0~-30mV。
另外,作为形成抛光层的聚氨酯,在50℃的水中饱和溶胀后于50℃下的储能模量为50~1200MPa,进一步优选为100~1100MPa,特别优选为200~1000MPa。聚氨酯在50℃的水中饱和溶胀后于50℃下的储能模量过低时,抛光层变得过度柔软而使抛光速度降低,在储能模量过高时,具有在被抛光物的被抛光面增加划痕的倾向。
另外,作为形成抛光层的聚氨酯,从容易得到在50℃的水中饱和溶胀后于50℃下的储能模量为50~1200MPa的聚氨酯的方面考虑,优选来自于异氰酸酯基的氮原子的含有率为4.5~7.6质量%,进一步优选为5.0~7.4质量%,特别优选为5.2~7.3质量%。
另外,作为形成抛光层的聚氨酯,与水的接触角优选为80度以下,进一步优选为78度以下,特别优选为76度以下,特别优选为74度以下。在聚氨酯与水的接触角过大时,由于抛光层的抛光面的亲水性降低,因此具有划痕增加的倾向。
另外,抛光层可以通过利用抛光垫用成型体的切削、切割、冲裁加工等来调整尺寸、形状、厚度等,从而加工成抛光层。抛光层的厚度没有特别限定,从生产、操作的容易度、抛光性能的稳定性的方面考虑,优选为0.3~5mm,进一步优选为1.7~2.8mm,特别优选为2.0~2.5mm。
另外,作为抛光层的硬度,以JIS-D硬度计优选为60以上,进一步优选为65以上。在JIS-D硬度过低时,具有抛光垫对被抛光面的跟随性提高而局部平坦性降低的倾向。
对于抛光层的抛光面,优选通过磨削加工、激光加工以同心圆状的给定图案形成槽、孔这样的凹部。这样的凹部有助于将浆料均匀且充分地供给至抛光面,并且有助于排出成为划痕产生原因的抛光屑、防止因抛光层的吸附而导致的晶片破损。例如在以同心圆状形成槽时,作为槽之间的间隔,优选为1.0~50mm,进一步优选为1.5~30mm,特别优选为2.0~15mm左右。另外,作为槽的宽度,优选为0.1~3.0mm,进一步优选为0.2~2.0mm左右。另外,作为槽的深度,优选为0.2~1.8mm,进一步优选为0.4~1.5mm左右。另外,作为槽的截面形状,例如可根据目的而适当选择长方形、梯形、三角形、半圆形等形状。
在非发泡成型体的热塑性聚氨酯的情况,作为密度,优选为1.0g/cm3以上,进一步优选为1.1g/cm3以上,特别优选为1.2g/cm3以上。非发泡成型体的密度过低时,存在抛光层变得过度柔软而局部平坦性降低的倾向。
抛光垫可以是仅由上述的聚氨酯成型体的抛光层构成的单层型的抛光垫,也可以是在抛光层的非抛光面一侧的表面层叠有缓冲层的多层型抛光垫。作为缓冲层,优选为具有比抛光层的硬度更低的硬度的层。在缓冲层的硬度低于抛光层的硬度时,硬质的抛光层追随被抛光面的局部凹凸,缓冲层追随被抛光基材整体的翘曲、起伏,由此能够实现整体平坦性与局部平坦性的平衡性优异的抛光。
作为用作缓冲层的材料的具体例,可列举出将聚氨酯含浸于无纺布而成的复合体(例如,“Suba400”(Nitta Haas公司制));天然橡胶、腈橡胶、聚丁二烯橡胶、硅橡胶等橡胶;聚酯类热塑性弹性体、聚酰胺类热塑性弹性体、含氟热塑性弹性体等热塑性弹性体;发泡塑料;聚氨酯等。其中,从容易获得作为缓冲层的优选的柔软性的方面考虑,特别优选为具有发泡结构的聚氨酯。
缓冲层的厚度没有特别限定,例如优选为0.5~5mm左右。在缓冲层过薄时,具有对于被抛光面整体的翘曲、起伏的追随效果降低、整体平坦性降低的倾向。另一方面,在缓冲层过厚时,具有抛光垫整体变得柔软而难以实现稳定的抛光的倾向。在将缓冲层层叠于抛光层时,抛光垫的厚度优选为0.3~5mm左右。
接下来,对使用了上述的抛光垫的CMP的一个实施方式进行说明。
在CMP中,例如,使用具备在图4所示的俯视时为圆形的旋转平台2、浆料供给喷嘴3、托板4、以及垫调节器6的CMP装置10。通过双面胶带等将上述的具备抛光层的抛光垫1粘贴于旋转平台2的表面。另外,托板4支撑被抛光物5。
在CMP装置10中,旋转平台2利用图中省略的电动机向箭头所示的方向旋转。另外,托板4在旋转平台2的平面内利用图中省略的电动机向例如箭头所示的方向旋转。垫调节器6也在旋转平台2的平面内利用图中省略的电动机向例如箭头所示的方向旋转。
首先,使蒸馏水流至固定于旋转平台2而旋转的抛光垫1的抛光面,同时按压例如通过镍电沉积等将金刚石颗粒固定于载体表面的CMP用垫调节器6,进行抛光垫1的抛光面的调节。通过调节,将抛光面调整为适于被抛光面的抛光的表面粗糙度。接着,从浆料供给喷嘴3向旋转的抛光垫1的抛光面供给浆料7。另外,在进行CMP时,可以根据需要与浆料一起组合使用润滑油、冷却剂等。
这里,浆料例如优选使用含有水、油等液态介质;二氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化铈、氧化锆、碳化硅等磨粒;碱、酸、表面活性剂、过氧化氢水等氧化剂、还原剂、螯合剂等的CMP中使用的浆料。需要说明的是,浆料有酸性的浆料、碱性的浆料、中性附近的浆料,在使用由上述的聚氨酯成型体形成的抛光层的情况下,特别是在使用pH2.0~7.0、尤其是pH3.0~6.0的酸性浆料进行CMP时也能够保持与浆料的高亲和性,从该观点考虑是优选的。
然后,将固定于托板4而旋转的被抛光物5按压至在抛光层的抛光面铺满浆料7的抛光垫1。然后,持续进行抛光处理,直至获得给定的平坦度。通过调整抛光时起到作用的按压力、旋转平台2与托板4的相对运动速度来影响加工品质。
抛光条件没有特别限定,为了有效地进行抛光,优选旋转平台和托板各自的旋转速度为300rpm以下的低旋转,对被抛光物施加的压力优选设为150kPa以下,以便在抛光后不会发生损伤。在进行抛光的期间,优选利用泵等对抛光面连续供给浆料。浆料的供给量没有特别限定,优选以抛光面总是被浆料覆盖的方式供给。
然后,优选在用流水充分清洗抛光结束后的被抛光物后,使用旋转干燥机等使附着于被抛光物的水滴甩落而干燥。由此,通过用浆料对被抛光面进行抛光,可以在被抛光面的整个面得到平滑的面。
这样的CMP可以优选用于各种半导体装置、MEMS(Micro Electro MechanicalSystems)等的制造工艺中的抛光。作为抛光对象的例子,除形成于半导体基板上的氧化膜等绝缘膜以外,还优选用于对铜、铝、钨等布线用金属膜;钽、钛、氮化钽或氮化钛等阻隔金属膜、特别是氧化膜等绝缘膜进行抛光。还可以对以金属膜的形式形成了布线图案、虚拟图案等图案的对象进行抛光。图案中的线间的间距根据产品而不同,通常为50nm~100μm左右。
实施例
通过实施例对本发明的聚氨酯、抛光垫及其改性方法的一例进行说明。需要说明的是,本发明的范围并不受以下实施例的任何限定性解释。
[实施例1]
制备了将数均分子量850的聚四亚甲基二醇(PTMG850)、酒石酸二乙酯(DET)、1,4-丁二醇(1,4-BD)及4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)以质量比计成为PTMG850∶DET∶1,4-BD∶MDI=17.9∶8.70∶15.2∶58.1的比例混合而成的原料配合物。此时,DET/1,4-BD=20/80(摩尔比)。然后,用定量泵将原料配合物连续供给至以同轴旋转的双螺杆挤出机,进行连续熔融聚合,从双螺杆挤出机的模头将熔融物连续地挤出至水中进行冷却,由此形成线料,用造粒机将线料切断成颗粒状,在80℃下进行20小时除湿干燥,由此制造了在侧链具有羧酸酯基的热塑性聚氨酯(PU1)的颗粒。
然后,如下评价了热塑性聚氨酯(PU1)的特性。
(热塑性聚氨酯的改性、改性前后的zeta电位的测定)
将5~14g的PU1的颗粒夹在特氟龙(Teflon,注册商标)片中,使用热压机在200~230℃下进行热压而成型。由此得到了厚度0.3~0.5mm的PU1的非发泡成型体。然后,通过进行用于使PU1的非发泡成型体的羧酸酯基进行水解的改性处理,使羧酸酯基转变为羧酸基。改性处理分别在以下三种条件下进行:(i)在50℃的氢氧化钾(KOH)水溶液(0.1M)中浸渍24小时、(ii)在50℃的盐酸(HCl)水溶液(0.1M)中浸渍24小时、(iii)在50℃的纯水中浸渍24小时。由此得到了表面具有羧酸基的热塑性聚氨酯的非发泡成型体。
然后,分别将改性处理前后的热塑性聚氨酯的非发泡成型体切成30mm×60mm,清洗它们的表面,制作了试验片。然后,使用电泳光散射装置(ELS-Z、大塚电子株式会社制)测定了各试验片在pH3.0、pH4.0及pH7.0下的zeta电位。具体而言,将样品取至电泳光散射装置的平板测定用样品池,使用分散在用盐酸水溶液调整为pH3.0及pH4.0的10mM氯化钠水溶液中的Monitor latex(大塚电子株式会社制)进行了测定。同样地,使用分散在用氢氧化钠水溶液调整为pH7.0的10mM氯化钠水溶液中的Monitor latex进行了测定。
(与水的接触角)
使用热压机制作了厚度300μm的PU1的膜。然后,在与上述的改性处理相同的条件下对PU1的膜进行了改性处理。然后,分别将改性处理前后的膜在20℃、65%RH的条件下放置了3天。然后,使用协和界面科学株式会社制的DropMaster500测定了改性处理前后的各膜与水的接触角。
将以上的结果示于下述表1。
[实施例2]
将原料配合物变更为以成为PTMG850∶DET∶1,4-BD∶MDI=12.1∶18.0∶11.8∶58.1的比例配合而成的原料配合物,除此以外,与实施例1同样地制造了在侧链具有羧酸酯基的热塑性聚氨酯(PU2)的颗粒。此时,DET/1,4-BD=40/60(摩尔比)。然后,使用PU2的颗粒来代替PU1的颗粒,除此以外,与实施例1同样地评价了热塑性聚氨酯的特性。将结果示于表1。
[实施例3]
将原料配合物变更为以成为PTMG850∶DET∶1,4-BD∶MDI=13.4∶9.4∶16.4∶60.8的比例配合而成的原料配合物,除此以外,与实施例1同样地制造了在侧链具有羧酸酯基的热塑性聚氨酯(PU3)的颗粒。此时,DET/1,4-BD=20/80(摩尔比)。然后,使用PU3的颗粒来代替PU1的颗粒,除此以外,与实施例1同样地评价了热塑性聚氨酯的特性。将结果示于表1。
[实施例4]
变更为将PTMG850、1-(叔丁氧羰基)-3-吡咯烷醇(BCP)、1,4-BD及MDI以成为PTMG850∶BCP∶1,4-BD∶MDI=19.0∶7.90∶15.1∶58.1的比例配合而成的原料配合物,除此以外,与实施例1同样地制造了在末端具有羧酸酯基的热塑性聚氨酯(PU4)的颗粒。此时,BCP/1,4-BD=20/80(摩尔比)。然后,使用PU4的颗粒来代替PU1的颗粒,除此以外,与实施例1同样地评价了热塑性聚氨酯的特性。将结果示于表1。
[实施例5]
变更为将PTMG850、2,4-二羟基苯甲酸甲酯(MDB)、1,4-BD及MDI以成为PTMG850∶MDB∶1,4-BD∶MDI=19.7∶7.0∶15.1∶58.1的比例配合而成的原料配合物,除此以外,与实施例1同样地制造了在侧链具有羧酸酯基的热塑性聚氨酯(PU5)的颗粒。此时,MDB/1,4-BD=20/80(摩尔比)。然后,使用PU5的颗粒来代替PU1的颗粒,除此以外,与实施例1同样地评价了热塑性聚氨酯的特性。将结果示于表1。
[比较例1]
变更为以成为PTMG850∶1,4-BD∶MDI=23.5∶18.4∶58.1的比例配合而成的原料配合物,除此以外,与实施例1同样地制造了热塑性聚氨酯(PU6)的颗粒。需要说明的是,PU6在侧链不具有羧酸酯基。然后,使用PU6的颗粒来代替PU1的颗粒,除此以外,与实施例1同样地评价了热塑性聚氨酯的特性。将结果示于表1。
参照表1可知,侧链及主链末端中的至少一者具有羧酸酯基的实施例1~5的聚氨酯与不具有羧酸酯基的比较例1的聚氨酯相比,通过改性处理而使zeta电位降低。另外,由此可知接触角也变小。
Claims (8)
1.一种抛光层用聚氨酯,其在聚氨酯分子链的侧链具有羧酸酯基,
所述抛光层用聚氨酯至少包含扩链剂单元、高分子多元醇单元以及有机二异氰酸酯单元作为单体单元,
所述扩链剂单元包含来自于选自酒石酸二酯、1-(叔丁氧羰基)-3-吡咯烷醇以及2,4-二羟基苯甲酸甲酯中至少1种化合物的单体单元。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抛光层用聚氨酯,其为热塑性聚氨酯。
3.一种抛光层,其包含权利要求1或2所述的抛光层用聚氨酯。
4.根据权利要求3所述的抛光层,其为所述抛光层用聚氨酯的非发泡成型体。
5.一种抛光层的改性方法,该方法包括:
准备抛光层的工序,所述抛光层包含权利要求1所述的抛光层用聚氨酯;以及
使所述抛光层用聚氨酯的所述羧酸酯基水解而生成羧酸基的工序。
6.一种抛光层,其包含在聚氨酯分子链的侧链具有羧酸基和羧酸酯基的热塑性聚氨酯的成型体,
所述热塑性聚氨酯至少包含扩链剂单元、高分子多元醇单元以及有机二异氰酸酯单元作为单体单元,
所述扩链剂单元包含来自于选自酒石酸二酯、1-(叔丁氧羰基)-3-吡咯烷醇以及2,4-二羟基苯甲酸甲酯中至少1种化合物的单体单元,
所述抛光层在pH3.0~pH8.0下的zeta电位为-1.0mV以下。
7.根据权利要求6所述的抛光层,其与水的接触角为80度以下。
8.一种抛光垫,其包含权利要求3、4、6及7中任一项所述的抛光层。
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