CN112759463A - Special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112759463A CN112759463A CN202110231528.XA CN202110231528A CN112759463A CN 112759463 A CN112759463 A CN 112759463A CN 202110231528 A CN202110231528 A CN 202110231528A CN 112759463 A CN112759463 A CN 112759463A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to a special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples and a preparation method thereof. The invention discloses a tropical agricultural straw biochar-based fertilizer special for pineapples, which comprises lime, shell powder and tropical agricultural straw biochar, wherein the tropical agricultural straw biochar is one or more of coconut husk biochar, banana stem biochar, pineapple leaf biochar and bagasse biochar. The special fertilizer is prepared by selecting the tropical agricultural straw biochar, so that the problem of large amount of waste of tropical agricultural byproducts can be solved, and meanwhile, the tropical agricultural biochar serving as a soil conditioner can help plants to grow; lime can be used for adjusting the pH value of the soil; the potassium fulvate and/or potassium humate can be used as an efficient organic potash fertilizer, can improve soil and promote crop growth, and can be prepared into an efficient multifunctional biochar-based compound fertilizer after being mixed with urea, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, trace elements and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to a special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The pineapple has wide adaptability to soil, and the pineapple is better in sandy loam or mountain land laterite which is loose, has good drainage, is rich in organic matters and has a pH value of 5-5.5, and is barren, heavy and sticky, has poor drainage and is not favorable for the growth of the pineapple due to a shallow root system. The pineapple has different nutrient requirements in different growth periods, so the fertilizer is applied according to the growth habit of the pineapple.
However, in recent years, some problems have arisen during pineapple planting, including: (1) the soil acidification of the pineapple garden is intensified, and the water and fertilizer retention capability is poor; (2) the fertilizer utilization rate is low; (3) the fertilizer requirement rules in each growth period are inconsistent. Meanwhile, there are some phenomena including: (1) the amount of tropical agricultural byproducts and marine product processing wastes is large; (2) the structure of the biochar material is excellent; (3) the country advocates the resource utilization of straws and the reduction and the increase of chemical fertilizers.
Therefore, the fertilizer which can effectively solve the problem of low utilization rate of the fertilizer and meet the fertilizer requirement rule of the pineapples in different growth periods is very urgent. Based on the research, the invention provides the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples, the special fertilizer adopts tropical agricultural straw biochar, and the special fertilizer is prepared according to the growth characteristics of pineapples and the slow release characteristics of the biochar based fertilizer in a targeted manner, so that the problems of inconsistent fertilizer requirement rules of pineapples in each growth period, large waste amount of tropical agricultural byproducts and the like can be effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a tropical agricultural straw biochar-based fertilizer special for pineapples, which comprises lime, shell powder and tropical agricultural straw biochar, wherein the tropical agricultural straw biochar is one or more of coconut husk biochar, banana stem biochar, pineapple leaf biochar and bagasse biochar.
The invention has the characteristics that the biochar-based material has better slow release performance, can improve the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer, has the characteristic of improving the soil structure, can maintain the soil fertility, and further increases the pineapple yield and improves the pineapple quality.
As a preferable technical scheme, the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of lime, 10-20 parts of shell powder and 10-40 parts of tropical agricultural straw biochar.
As a preferable technical scheme, the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of lime, 15 parts of shell powder and 20 parts of tropical agricultural straw biochar.
As a preferable technical scheme, the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples also comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-30 parts of potassium fulvate and/or potassium humate.
As a preferable technical scheme, the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples comprises the following components in parts by weight: and 15 parts of potassium fulvate and/or potassium humate.
As a preferable technical scheme, the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples also comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-80 parts of urea, 20-60 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 30-70 parts of potassium nitrate.
As a preferable technical scheme, the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples comprises the following components in parts by weight: 48.8 parts of urea, 40 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 43 parts of potassium nitrate.
As a preferable technical scheme, the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples also comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-1 part of sodium alginate.
As a preferable technical scheme, the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples also comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 part of sodium alginate.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: taking all components in the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples, mixing uniformly, fully grinding, and sieving to prepare a mixture; adding water, stirring for 24h, putting into a 60 ℃ oven, and drying to obtain the biochar-based fertilizer special for pineapples.
Has the beneficial effects that; the invention provides a tropical agricultural straw biochar-based fertilizer special for pineapples and a preparation method thereof, wherein tropical agricultural straw biochar is selected to prepare the fertilizer, so that the problem of large amount of waste of tropical agricultural byproducts can be solved, and meanwhile, the tropical agricultural biochar material has an excellent structure and can help plants to grow as a soil conditioner; lime can be used for adjusting the pH value of the soil; the potassium fulvate and/or potassium humate can be used as an efficient organic potash fertilizer, can improve soil and promote crop growth, and can be prepared into an efficient multifunctional compound fertilizer after being mixed with urea, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, trace elements and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is the appearance of a biochar material used in the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows an electron microscope structure of a biochar material used in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a portion of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further understood by reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the examples included therein. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. To the extent that a definition of a particular term disclosed in the prior art is inconsistent with any definitions provided herein, the definition of the term provided herein controls.
As used herein, a feature that does not define a singular or plural form is also intended to include a plural form of the feature unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the term "prepared from …," as used herein, is synonymous with "comprising," including, "comprising," "having," "including," and/or "containing," when used in this specification means that the recited composition, step, method, article, or device is present, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other compositions, steps, methods, articles, or devices. Furthermore, the use of "preferred," "preferably," "more preferred," etc., when describing embodiments of the present application, is meant to refer to embodiments of the invention that may provide certain benefits, under certain circumstances. However, other embodiments may be preferred, under the same or other circumstances. In addition, the recitation of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are not useful, nor is it intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the invention.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a tropical agricultural straw biochar-based fertilizer special for pineapples, which comprises lime, shell powder and tropical agricultural straw biochar, wherein the tropical agricultural straw biochar is one or more of coconut husk biochar, banana stem biochar, pineapple leaf biochar and bagasse biochar.
Lime is an air-hardening inorganic gelling material with calcium oxide as a main component. The lime is a product with high calcium carbonate content such as limestone, dolomite, chalk, shells and the like, and is calcined at 900-1100 ℃. Lime was the earliest gelling material used by humans. The lime has wide application range in civil engineering and can also be used in medicine in China. The application of lime on acid soil as a fertilizer has the following effects: regulating soil pH value (reducing soil acidity), sterilizing, preventing diseases, and supplementing calcium.
Lime in the present application may be commercially available, for example, 325 mesh product from Yongshun purified materials trade, Inc. of Stephan.
The shell powder is a powder processed by crushing shells of oyster, freshwater mussel, clam, snail and the like after meat removal. Belongs to mineral supplement. The shell powder is powder prepared by crushing and grinding shells, and 95 percent of the components of the shell powder are calcium carbonate, chitin and a small amount of amino acid and polysaccharide substances.
The shell powder herein may be commercially available, for example, a product manufactured by mitsui products processing limited, lingshou county, under a cargo number of 3546.
The coconut husk biochar, the banana stem biochar, the pineapple leaf biochar and the bagasse biochar are all produced by self, crushed and air-dried coconut husk, banana stem, pineapple leaf and bagasse are placed in a muffle furnace, kept at 550 ℃ for 2 hours, and cooled to prepare corresponding biochar materials.
In some preferred embodiments, the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of lime, 10-20 parts of shell powder and 10-40 parts of tropical agricultural straw biochar.
In some preferred embodiments, the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of lime, 15 parts of shell powder and 20 parts of tropical agricultural straw biochar.
In some preferred embodiments, the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples further comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-30 parts of potassium fulvate and/or potassium humate.
The potassium fulvate is a pure natural mineral active potassium element fertilizer, contains multiple nutrient components such as trace elements, rare earth elements, plant growth regulators, virus inhibitors and the like, so that the nutrients are more sufficient and more reasonable to supply, various physiological diseases of crops caused by the lack of elements are avoided, the plant types of the crops are more vigorous, the leaf color is darker and greener, and the lodging resistance is stronger. The potassium fulvate can supplement nutrients lost in soil in time, so that the soil is activated, the vitality is realized, the continuous cropping disease caused by excessive absorption of nutrients in the soil is reduced, the product can completely replace potassium sulfate or potassium chloride and potassium magnesium sulfate with the same content, and the product is natural and environment-friendly.
The humic acid potassium is a high-efficiency organic potassium fertilizer, and the humic acid is a bioactive preparation, so that the quick-acting potassium content of soil can be increased, the potassium loss and fixation can be reduced, the potassium absorption and utilization rate of crops can be increased, and the humic acid potassium fertilizer has the functions of improving soil, promoting crop growth, improving the stress resistance of crops, improving crop quality, protecting agricultural ecological environment and the like; it can be mixed with urea, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, trace elements, etc. to obtain high-effective multifunctional compound fertilizer.
In some preferred embodiments, the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples comprises the following components in parts by weight: and 15 parts of potassium fulvate and/or potassium humate.
In some preferred embodiments, the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples further comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-80 parts of urea, 20-60 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 30-70 parts of potassium nitrate.
Urea is a neutral fertilizer and is suitable for various soils and plants. It is easy to preserve, convenient to use, has little destructive effect on soil, is a chemical nitrogen fertilizer with larger using amount, is also a nitrogen fertilizer with the highest nitrogen content, and can be used for producing various compound fertilizers. No harmful substance is left in the soil, and no adverse effect is caused after long-term application.
The calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is a raw material prepared from phosphate ore and magnesium silicate minerals, is also called as molten magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and is an aluminosilicate vitreous body containing phosphate radicals. The main component comprises Ca3(PO4)2、CaSiO3、MgSiO3. Is a multi-element fertilizer, the aqueous solution is alkaline, and the acid soil can be improved. Magnesium is beneficial to forming chlorophyll, and silicon can promote the growth of fibrous tissues of crops, so that the plants have better capability of preventing lodging and plant diseases and insect pests. When the large seedlings are cultivated, the effect of the fertilizer as a base fertilizer is good, and the plants can slowly absorb the required nutrients.
The potassium nitrate is a chlorine-free nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer, has high solubility, and the effective components of nitrogen and potassium can be quickly absorbed by crops, so that no chemical substance is left. The fertilizer is suitable for vegetables, fruits, flowers and some chlorine-sensitive crops.
In some preferred embodiments, the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples comprises the following components in parts by weight: 48.8 parts of urea, 40 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 43 parts of potassium nitrate.
In some preferred embodiments, the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples further comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-1 part of sodium alginate.
Sodium alginate is a by-product obtained by extracting iodine and mannitol from brown algae such as herba Zosterae Marinae or Sargassum, is a natural polysaccharide, and has stability, solubility, viscosity and safety required for medicinal adjuvants. Sodium alginate has been widely used in the food industry and in the medical field.
In some preferred embodiments, the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples further comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 part of sodium alginate.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: taking all components in the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples, mixing uniformly, fully grinding, and sieving to prepare a mixture; adding water, stirring for 24h, putting into a 60 ℃ oven, and drying to obtain the biochar-based fertilizer special for pineapples.
In some preferred embodiments, the preparation method of the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples comprises the following steps: mixing lime, shell powder, coconut husk biochar, banana stalk biochar, pineapple leaf biochar, bagasse biochar, potassium fulvate, potassium humate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and potassium nitrate, fully grinding, sieving and preparing a mixture; dissolving sodium alginate in water to prepare a glue solution A, dissolving urea in water, and uniformly mixing with the glue solution A to prepare a glue solution B; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with the glue solution B, stirring for 24 hours, putting into a 60 ℃ oven, and drying to obtain the biochar-based fertilizer special for pineapples.
Examples
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail by the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples. The starting materials in the present invention may be commercially available unless otherwise specified, or may be prepared by themselves if production conditions are satisfied.
The lime in this application was purchased from 325 mesh products manufactured by Yongshun purified materials trade, Inc., of Steve.
The shell powder in this application was purchased from shin-mine products processing limited, lingshou county, under a product designation 3546.
The coconut husk biochar, the banana stem biochar, the pineapple leaf biochar and the bagasse biochar are all produced by self, crushed and air-dried coconut husk, banana stem, pineapple leaf and bagasse are placed in a muffle furnace, kept at 550 ℃ for 2 hours, and cooled to prepare corresponding biochar materials.
The surface structure of the prepared biochar material is shown in figure 1, and the microstructure characteristics are shown in figure 2.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 provides a special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of lime, 15 parts of shell powder, 5 parts of coconut husk biochar, 5 parts of banana stem biochar, 5 parts of pineapple leaf biochar, 5 parts of bagasse biochar, 7.5 parts of potassium fulvate, 7.5 parts of potassium humate, 48.8 parts of urea, 40 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 43 parts of potassium nitrate and 0.5 part of sodium alginate.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking 10 parts of lime, 15 parts of shell powder, 5 parts of coconut husk biochar, 5 parts of banana stem biochar, 5 parts of pineapple leaf biochar, 5 parts of bagasse biochar, 7.5 parts of potassium fulvate, 7.5 parts of potassium humate, 40 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 43 parts of potassium nitrate, uniformly mixing, fully grinding and sieving to prepare a mixture; dissolving 0.5 part of sodium alginate in 100ml of water to prepare glue solution A, dissolving 48.8 parts of urea in 100ml of water, and uniformly mixing with the glue solution A to prepare glue solution B; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with the glue solution B, stirring for 24 hours, putting into a 60 ℃ oven, and drying to obtain the biochar-based fertilizer special for pineapples.
The application and dosage are as follows: the fertilizer is applied according to the dosage of 70kg per mu in the slow growth period, the quick growth period, the flowering period and the fruit development period of the pineapples, is applied to the near roots of the pineapples in a furrow mode, and is matched with irrigation and conventional later-stage management.
Example 2
Embodiment 2 provides a special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of lime, 10 parts of shell powder, 2.5 parts of coconut husk biochar, 2.5 parts of banana stem biochar, 2.5 parts of pineapple leaf biochar, 2.5 parts of bagasse biochar, 2 parts of potassium fulvate, 3 parts of potassium humate, 30 parts of urea, 20 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 30 parts of potassium nitrate and 0.1 part of sodium alginate.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing 5 parts of lime, 10 parts of shell powder, 2.5 parts of coconut husk biochar, 2.5 parts of banana stem biochar, 2.5 parts of pineapple leaf biochar, 2.5 parts of bagasse biochar, 2 parts of potassium fulvate, 3 parts of potassium humate, 20 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 30 parts of potassium nitrate, fully grinding and sieving to prepare a mixture; dissolving 0.1 part of sodium alginate in 100ml of water to prepare glue solution A, dissolving 30 parts of urea in 100ml of water, and uniformly mixing the glue solution A with the urea to prepare glue solution B; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with the glue solution B, stirring for 24 hours, putting into a 60 ℃ oven, and drying to obtain the biochar-based fertilizer special for pineapples.
Example 3
Embodiment 3 provides a special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of lime, 10 parts of shell powder, 10 parts of coconut husk biochar, 10 parts of banana stem biochar, 10 parts of pineapple leaf biochar, 10 parts of bagasse biochar, 15 parts of potassium fulvate, 15 parts of potassium humate, 50 parts of urea, 30 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 45 parts of potassium nitrate and 1 part of sodium alginate.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking 15 parts of lime, 10 parts of shell powder, 10 parts of coconut husk biochar, 10 parts of banana stem biochar, 10 parts of pineapple leaf biochar, 10 parts of bagasse biochar, 15 parts of potassium fulvate, 15 parts of potassium humate, 30 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 45 parts of potassium nitrate, uniformly mixing, fully grinding and sieving to prepare a mixture; dissolving 1 part of sodium alginate in 100ml of water to prepare glue solution A, dissolving 50 parts of urea in 100ml of water, and uniformly mixing with the glue solution A to prepare glue solution B; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with the glue solution B, stirring for 24 hours, putting into a 60 ℃ oven, and drying to obtain the biochar-based fertilizer special for pineapples.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example 1 provides a fertilizer special for pineapples, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of lime, 15 parts of shell powder, 7.5 parts of potassium fulvate, 7.5 parts of potassium humate, 48.8 parts of urea, 40 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 43 parts of potassium nitrate and 0.5 part of sodium alginate.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing 10 parts of lime, 15 parts of shell powder, 7.5 parts of potassium fulvate, 7.5 parts of potassium humate, 40 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 43 parts of potassium nitrate, fully grinding and sieving to prepare a mixture; dissolving 0.5 part of sodium alginate in 100ml of water to prepare glue solution A, dissolving 48.8 parts of urea in 100ml of water, and uniformly mixing with the glue solution A to prepare glue solution B; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with the glue solution B, stirring for 24 hours, putting into a 60 ℃ oven, and drying to obtain the special fertilizer for the pineapples.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example 2 provides a special fertilizer for pineapples, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of lime, 15 parts of shell powder, 5 parts of coconut husk biochar, 5 parts of banana stalk biochar, 48.8 parts of urea, 40 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 43 parts of potassium nitrate and 0.5 part of sodium alginate.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking 25 parts of lime, 30 parts of shell powder, 5 parts of coconut husk biochar, 5 parts of banana stalk biochar, 40 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 43 parts of potassium nitrate, mixing uniformly, fully grinding and sieving to prepare a mixture; dissolving 0.5 part of sodium alginate in 100ml of water to prepare glue solution A, dissolving 48.8 parts of urea in 100ml of water, and uniformly mixing with the glue solution A to prepare glue solution B; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with the glue solution B, stirring for 24 hours, putting into a 60 ℃ oven, and drying to obtain the special fertilizer for the pineapples.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example 3 provides a fertilizer special for pineapples, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of lime, 10 parts of shell powder, 5 parts of coconut husk biochar, 5 parts of banana stem biochar, 5 parts of pineapple leaf biochar, 5 parts of bagasse biochar, 7.5 parts of potassium fulvate, 7.5 parts of potassium humate, 48.8 parts of urea and 0.5 part of sodium alginate.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking 15 parts of lime, 10 parts of shell powder, 5 parts of coconut husk biochar, 5 parts of banana stem biochar, 5 parts of pineapple leaf biochar, 5 parts of bagasse biochar, 7.5 parts of potassium fulvate and 7.5 parts of potassium humate, mixing uniformly, fully grinding, sieving and preparing a mixture; dissolving 0.5 part of sodium alginate in 100ml of water to prepare glue solution A, dissolving 48.8 parts of urea in 100ml of water, and uniformly mixing with the glue solution A to prepare glue solution B; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with the glue solution B, stirring for 24 hours, putting into a 60 ℃ oven, and drying to obtain the special fertilizer for the pineapples.
The usage amounts of the examples 2 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 3 are the same as those of the example 1.
The product of some embodiments of the invention is shown in figure 3.
Evaluation of Performance
1. Demonstration field yield increase experiment
In the test, the special fertilizer for pineapples, which is prepared in the above examples and comparative examples, is used for fertilizing a test field in the seedling stage of the pineapples, and then the average acre yield and the commodity fruit rate of the fertilizer are counted to judge the yield increasing effect of the prepared special fertilizer for pineapples.
In the experiment, 21 mu of demonstration fields are selected, 3 mu of each group is averagely selected, one group is a control group, the biochar-based fertilizer is not applied, the other 6 groups are experimental groups, the fertilizers prepared in the above examples and comparative examples are used for fertilizing and cultivating until pineapples are ripe, the variety of the tested pineapples is Bali, and the average acre yield and the commodity fruit rate are calculated.
Wherein, the commodity fruit rate is the good fruit rate, which means the percentage of the number of fruits meeting the commodity fruit standard in the total number of fruits.
The commercial fruit standard comprises the following basic requirements:
1) intact, with or without a crown;
2) the product is intact, and the product does not go bad;
3) clean, substantially free of any visible foreign matter;
4) substantially free of damage caused by pests;
5) substantially no pest affects the appearance of the product;
6) the water has no abnormal surface moisture except condensed water after refrigeration;
7) no peculiar smell is generated;
8) fresh appearance, including crown, should be free of dead or dry leaves;
9) no damage caused by low temperature and/or high temperature;
10) no internal browning occurs;
11) has no obvious scar.
The yield increase rate and the commodity fruit increase rate are calculated according to the following formula:
yield increase is (average per mu yield of experimental group-average per mu yield of control group)/average per mu yield of control group x 100%
The increase rate of commercial fruit is (commercial fruit rate of experimental group-commercial fruit rate of control group)/commercial fruit rate of control group is multiplied by 100%
The specific results obtained for the experimental and control groups are given in the following table:
TABLE 1 stimulation effect of embodiments in a model field
| Sample (I) | Average yield per mu (Kg) | Commercial fruit rate (%) | Yield increase (%) | Increase ratio of commercial fruit (%) |
| Example 1 | 6450 | 95 | 25.2 | 18.8 |
| Example 2 | 5883 | 93 | 14.2 | 16.3 |
| Example 3 | 5866 | 90 | 13.9 | 12.5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 5667 | 87 | 10.0 | 8.8 |
| Comparative example 2 | 5733 | 89 | 11.3 | 11.3 |
| Comparative example 3 | 5400 | 86 | 4.9 | 7.5 |
| Control group | 5150 | 80 | --- | --- |
From table 1 we can see that: the specific implementation mode in the application can effectively improve the average acre yield of the pineapples, can effectively increase the commodity fruit rate of the pineapples, can achieve 95% of the commodity fruit rate when the selection example 1 is selected, and is the optimal specific implementation mode in the demonstration test. In the absence of one or more of the components herein, the average acreage and commercial yield achieved is reduced.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be regarded as equivalent replacements within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The special tropical agricultural straw biochar-based fertilizer for pineapples comprises lime and shell powder, and is characterized by further comprising tropical agricultural straw biochar, wherein the tropical agricultural straw biochar is one or more of coconut husk biochar, banana stem biochar, pineapple leaf biochar and bagasse biochar.
2. The special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of lime, 10-20 parts of shell powder and 10-40 parts of tropical agricultural straw biochar.
3. The special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples according to claim 2 is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of lime, 15 parts of shell powder and 20 parts of tropical agricultural straw biochar.
4. The special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples according to claim 3, is characterized by further comprising the following components in parts by weight: 5-30 parts of potassium fulvate and/or potassium humate.
5. The special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples according to claim 4 is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: and 15 parts of potassium fulvate and/or potassium humate.
6. The special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples according to claim 5 is characterized by further comprising the following components in parts by weight: 30-80 parts of urea, 20-60 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 30-70 parts of potassium nitrate.
7. The special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples according to claim 6 is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 48.8 parts of urea, 40 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 43 parts of potassium nitrate.
8. The special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples according to claim 7 is characterized by further comprising the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-1 part of sodium alginate.
9. The special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples according to claim 8 is characterized by further comprising the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 part of sodium alginate.
10. The preparation method of the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples according to any one of claims 1 to 9, is characterized by comprising the following steps: taking all components in the special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar based pineapples, mixing uniformly, fully grinding, and sieving to prepare a mixture; adding water, stirring for 24h, putting into a 60 ℃ oven, and drying to obtain the biochar-based fertilizer special for pineapples.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110231528.XA CN112759463A (en) | 2021-03-02 | 2021-03-02 | Special fertilizer for tropical agricultural straw biochar-based pineapples and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115636706A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-01-24 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Preparation process of soil deacidification agent for promoting crop growth |
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| CN115636706A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-01-24 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Preparation process of soil deacidification agent for promoting crop growth |
| CN115636706B (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2024-04-19 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Preparation process of soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth |
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