CN115636706A - Preparation process of soil deacidification agent for promoting crop growth - Google Patents
Preparation process of soil deacidification agent for promoting crop growth Download PDFInfo
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- CN115636706A CN115636706A CN202211355627.XA CN202211355627A CN115636706A CN 115636706 A CN115636706 A CN 115636706A CN 202211355627 A CN202211355627 A CN 202211355627A CN 115636706 A CN115636706 A CN 115636706A
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- reducing agent
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- acid reducing
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
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- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
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- AJTPODXVRWXEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;4-(1h-indol-2-yl)butanoate Chemical compound [K+].C1=CC=C2NC(CCCC(=O)[O-])=CC2=C1 AJTPODXVRWXEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010053759 Growth retardation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000002720 Malnutrition Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process of a soil deacidification agent for promoting crop growth, which comprises the following steps: (1) And uniformly mixing the shell powder, the crop biomass powder and the polyvinyl alcohol, then carrying out wet spray granulation, and drying the obtained particles to obtain the kernel. (2) Mixing the heavy metal contaminated soil powder, the shell powder and water, and uniformly stirring to form slurry. And coating the slurry on the surface of the kernel and drying to obtain a blank. (3) And sintering the blank in an oxygen-isolated environment, reducing the temperature to a preset temperature after the sintering is finished, and preserving the heat in the air to obtain the sustained-release particles. (4) And (3) placing the sustained-release body particles in an ethanol solution of a plant regulator, then coating slurry on the surfaces of the obtained sustained-release body particles, and drying to obtain the soil acid reducing agent for promoting the growth of crops. The acid reducing agent disclosed by the invention is not only beneficial to retarding the reverse acid of treated acidic soil, but also capable of releasing a plant regulator into the soil, improving the soil activity and promoting the growth of crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a preparation process of a soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth.
Background
Soil acidification has great damage to soil and harm to crops, such as soil fertility reduction, soil hardening and hardening to cause air permeability and water permeability deterioration, which leads to crop malnutrition, root growth difficulty, growth retardation and disease and pest resistance reduction. Besides a few crops which like acid soil or alkaline soil, most crops are more suitable for growing in weak acid or neutral soil, and the weak acid soil is also beneficial to inhibiting the growth of bacteria and regulating the flora balance, so that the acidity of the soil cannot be too strong.
Research shows that the global acid soil area is as high as 39 hundred million hectares, while the acid soil area in China is as high as 2 hundred million hectares and occupies about 20 percent of the land area in China. The reasons for soil acidification include excessive fertilization (such as excessive use of acidic fertilizers such as ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and the like), unreasonable water drainage and irrigation (concentrated large water flood irrigation), excessive consumption of alkaline elements (such as magnesium, calcium, potassium and the like), and the like. Nowadays, soil acidification has become one of the important factors influencing and restricting agricultural development.
One of the common measures for treating the acidified soil is to add lime powder for neutralization, and the method has the characteristics of quick response and low cost. However, the soil is damaged by excessive use or frequent use of quicklime, and the main reason for needing frequent use of lime powder is that the lime powder has short acid reduction effect, and soil is easy to generate acid reversion, so that vicious circle is easy to form, and the treatment of acid soil is repeated continuously, and the treatment effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a preparation process of a soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth, which is not only beneficial to retarding the reverse acid of treated acidic soil, but also capable of releasing a plant regulator into the soil, improving soil activity and promoting crop growth. In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.
A preparation process of a soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth comprises the following steps:
(1) And uniformly mixing the shell powder, the crop biomass powder and the polyvinyl alcohol, then carrying out wet spray granulation, and drying the obtained particles to obtain the kernel for later use.
(2) Mixing the heavy metal contaminated soil powder, the shell powder and water, and uniformly stirring to form slurry. And coating the slurry on the surface of the kernel and then drying to obtain a blank for later use.
(3) And sintering the blank in an oxygen-isolated environment, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the sustained-release particles for later use.
(4) And (3) placing the sustained-release body particles in an ethanol solution of a plant regulator, taking out the sustained-release body particles after absorption, drying, and coating a film on the surface of the obtained sustained-release body particles to obtain the soil deacidification agent for promoting the growth of crops.
Further, in the step (1), the proportion of the shell powder, the crop biomass powder and the polyvinyl alcohol is 1.9-2.5 parts by weight: 3.6-4.8 parts by weight: 0.45 to 0.8 weight portion. Preferably, the particle size of the shell powder is 120-180 meshes. After subsequent treatment, the shell powder and the crop biomass powder are converted into an acid reducing agent, and meanwhile, elements such as magnesium, calcium, potassium and the like can be supplemented into acidified soil, so that soil acid reversal is slowed down.
Further, in the step (1), the crop biomass powder is prepared by crushing waste crop biomass. Optionally, the waste crop biomass includes, but is not limited to: at least one of corn straw, wheat straw, rice straw, cotton straw, soybean straw, rice hull, etc.
Further, in the step (1), the drying temperature is 120-135 ℃, and the drying time is 35-50 min.
Further, in the step (2), the weight part ratio of the soil powder to the shell powder is 1.5-2.4: 0.3 to 0.35 portion. The heavy metal contaminated soil refers to soil contaminated by heavy metals (such as mercury, cadmium, lead, chromium, arsenic, copper, and the like) in the general sense of the agricultural field, and the present invention is not particularly limited.
Further, in the step (2), the solid content of the slurry is 28-35%. Coating the slurry on the surface of an inner core to form a porous shell so as to control the release of the acid reducing agent formed by the inner core.
Further, in the step (2), the drying temperature is 105-120 ℃, and the time is 30-50 min.
Further, in the step (2), the thickness of the dry slurry on the surface of the blank body is controlled to be between 3 and 5 mm. The thickness of the slurry can be adjusted according to actual needs.
Further, in the step (3), the oxygen-isolating environment is made by a protective atmosphere, and the protective atmosphere comprises any one of nitrogen, inert gas (such as argon and the like) and the like, so that the crop biomass in the inner core of the green body is carbonized.
Further, in the step (3), the sintering temperature is 1020-1080 ℃, the sintering time is 12-25 min, and the heating rate is 8-10 ℃/min. After sintering, the green body forms a porous shell, and heavy metals in the green body are solidified, so that secondary pollution caused by re-dissolution can be effectively avoided. Meanwhile, the crop biomass and the shell powder in the inner core are converted into the deacidification agent.
Further, in the step (4), the mass fraction of the plant regulator in the ethanol solution is 5-8%. Optionally, the plant regulator comprises at least one of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, sodium nitrophenolate, succinamic acid, chlormequat chloride, sodium naphthylate, potassium indolebutyrate and the like, and other plant regulators can be selected according to actual needs.
Further, in the step (4), the absorption time is not less than 30min, such as 45-60 min, so that the plant regulator can be sufficiently absorbed by the slow-release body particles.
Further, in the step (4), the sustained release body particles are taken out and dried for 50-75 min at 50-60 ℃ so as to remove the ethanol in the sustained release body particles.
Further, in the step (4), the coating comprises 12-16 parts by weight of membrane material and 0.4-55 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol. Preferably, the film material includes any one of paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the soil deacidification agent for promoting the crop growth is prepared by preparing an inner core from shell powder and crop biomass powder, coating the inner core with slurry formed by heavy metal polluted soil powder, shell powder and water, and then carbonizing and sintering at a high temperature. Therefore, calcium oxide particles formed by decomposing the shell powder in the inner core are distributed in a porous carbon matrix formed by carbonizing the crop biomass powder, and the calcium oxide not only serves as an alkaline component to reduce soil acidity, but also neutralizes and dissolves with hydrogen ions in soil to form free calcium ions which enter the soil and can serve as nutrient elements. In addition, the calcium oxide particles are distributed in the porous carbon matrix, so that the stability of the porous carbon matrix is enhanced, and collapse of the porous carbon matrix in the carbonization process is prevented, so that the plant regulator is prevented from being absorbed. The porous carbon matrix is alkaline, and simultaneously contains a large amount of alkali elements carried by crop biomass, so that the porous carbon matrix can provide nutrient elements for soil and improve soil fertility while reducing acid of the soil, and particularly can be used for acidifying potassium, calcium, magnesium and the like which are commonly lacked in soil. After the slurry layer is calcined at high temperature, calcium ions provided by calcium oxide generated by decomposing shell powder in the slurry layer enter a silicate melt (main component of heavy metal polluted soil), and the continuity of the structure of the silicate melt can be effectively destroyed, so that the pore-forming resistance of carbon dioxide generated by decomposing shell powder is enhanced, and a large number of pores are formed in the shell layer. Meanwhile, by using the heavy metal contaminated soil as a raw material, the utilization of the pollutants is realized, and the heavy metal can be solidified, so that the secondary pollution caused by the re-dissolution of the heavy metal is avoided. Furthermore, the outer shell layer and the porous carbon matrix are used for absorbing the plant regulator, the plant regulator can effectively promote the growth of plants after being released into soil, and meanwhile, the porous carbon matrix can effectively slow down the release rate of the plant regulator, so that the soil acid reducing agent disclosed by the invention can release the plant regulator into the soil for a longer term, promote the growth of crops and improve the yield of the crops. Finally, the surface of the soil acid reducing agent is also provided with a film coating layer formed by a film material and polyvinyl alcohol, so that the soil acid reducing agent can keep good sealing property before entering the soil, and the reduction of the effectiveness of the soil acid reducing agent caused by some environmental factors is avoided. After the soil acid reducing agent enters the soil, polyvinyl alcohol in the film covering layer is dissolved out to enable the film covering layer to become a slow release film, and the slow release effect of the outer shell layer and the slow release effect of the porous carbon matrix enable the soil acid reducing agent to effectively slow down the reverse acid of the treated acid soil.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
fig. 1 is a graph showing the effect of sustained-release body granules prepared in the following example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental procedures, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, are generally carried out according to conventional conditions or according to conditions recommended by the manufacturers.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The reagents or starting materials used in the present invention can be purchased from conventional sources, and unless otherwise specified, the reagents or starting materials used in the present invention can be used in a conventional manner in the art or in accordance with the product specifications. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the methods of the present invention.
In the following examples, the heavy metal contaminated soil comes from a farmland near a certain mining area, and the content of heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, lead, chromium and the like exceeds the standard through detection. The following embodiment of the invention dries and crushes the heavy metal contaminated soil, then passes through a 200-mesh screen with the screen residue less than or equal to 4 percent, and collects the heavy metal contaminated soil powder below the screen for later use.
Example 1
A preparation process of a soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing 150-mesh shell powder, 200-mesh crushed rice hull powder and polyvinyl alcohol 1788 powder according to the following weight ratio of 2.3: 4.1 parts by weight: 0.65 part by weight, stirring for 8min, uniformly mixing, adding the obtained mixed powder into a granulator, carrying out wet spray granulation, and drying the obtained granules at 130 ℃ for 40min to obtain the kernel for later use.
(2) Heavy metal contaminated soil powder and 300-mesh shell powder are mixed according to the following weight ratio of 2.2: 0.32 part by weight of the components are mixed, and then clear water is added to be uniformly stirred to form slurry with the solid content of 31 percent. And (3) placing the inner core in a coating machine (the rotating speed is 60r/min, the temperature is 110 ℃), and then gradually spraying the slurry on the rolling inner core for coating. And after the completion, the coating machine continuously rotates for 40min, then the material is discharged, and the blank is obtained after cooling, wherein the thickness of the dry slurry layer on the surface of the blank is about 3-4 mm.
(3) And (2) putting the blank body into a tubular heating furnace, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, heating to 1050 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 18min, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the sustained-release body particles (shown in figure 1).
(4) Adding a plant regulator (consisting of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, chlormequat chloride, succinamide and potassium indolebutyrate according to the mass ratio of 3.8. And (3) placing the sustained-release body particles in the ethanol solution, standing for 45min, taking out the sustained-release body particles, and drying at 55 ℃ for 60min to obtain the modified sustained-release body particles.
(5) Mixing microcrystalline wax and polyvinyl alcohol 1788 powder in 14 weight parts: 0.55 part by weight of the mixture is placed in a coating machine and heated to 85 ℃ to melt to form a coating liquid, and meanwhile, the modified slow-release body particles are added into the coating machine (the rotating speed is 60 r/min), wherein the mass ratio of the coating liquid to the modified slow-release body particles is 8:35. and then gradually spraying the coating liquid on the surfaces of the rolling modified slow-release body particles to form a coating layer, continuously rotating the coating machine for 5 minutes after the coating is finished, discharging, and cooling to obtain the soil acid reducing agent.
Example 2
A preparation process of a soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing 180-mesh shell powder, 240-mesh crushed rice straw powder and polyvinyl alcohol 1788 powder in a proportion of 2.5 parts by weight: 4.8 parts by weight: mixing 0.8 part by weight, stirring for 10min, mixing uniformly, adding the obtained mixed powder into a granulator, carrying out wet spray granulation, and drying the obtained granules at 135 ℃ for 35min to obtain the kernel for later use.
(2) Mixing heavy metal contaminated soil powder and 350-mesh shell powder according to the weight ratio of 1.5: 0.3 part by weight of the components are mixed and then added with clean water to be uniformly stirred to form slurry with the solid content of 35 percent. And (3) placing the inner core in a coating machine (the rotating speed is 70r/min, the temperature is 105 ℃), and then gradually spraying the slurry on the rolling inner core for coating. And after the completion, continuously rotating the film coating machine for 50min, discharging, and cooling to obtain a blank, wherein the thickness of the dry slurry layer on the surface of the blank is about 4-5 mm.
(3) And (3) placing the blank body in a tubular heating furnace, introducing nitrogen as protective gas, heating to 1020 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the slow-release body particles.
(4) Adding a plant regulator (consisting of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, succinamic acid, compound sodium nitrophenolate and potassium indolebutyrate according to a mass ratio of 4.2. And (3) placing the sustained-release body particles in the ethanol solution, standing for 30min, taking out the sustained-release body particles, and drying at 50 ℃ for 75min to obtain the modified sustained-release body particles.
(5) Mixing paraffin wax and polyvinyl alcohol 1788 powder according to the weight ratio of 12 parts: 0.4 part by weight of the mixture is placed in a coating machine and heated to 85 ℃ to melt to form a coating liquid, and meanwhile, the modified slow-release body particles are added into the coating machine (the rotating speed is 70 r/min), wherein the mass ratio of the coating liquid to the modified slow-release body particles is 10:35. and then gradually spraying the coating liquid on the surfaces of the rolling modified slow-release body particles to form a coating layer, continuously rotating the coating machine for 7 minutes after the coating is finished, discharging, and cooling to obtain the soil acid reducing agent.
Example 3
A preparation process of a soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing 120-mesh shell powder, 200-mesh crushed rice hull powder and 2488 polyvinyl alcohol powder according to the weight ratio of 1.9: 3.6 parts by weight: mixing 0.45 part by weight, stirring for 8min, mixing uniformly, adding the obtained mixed powder into a granulator, carrying out wet spray granulation, and drying the obtained granules at 120 ℃ for 50min to obtain the kernel for later use.
(2) Heavy metal contaminated soil powder and 300-mesh shell powder are mixed according to the weight ratio of 2.4: 0.35 part by weight of the components are mixed, and then clear water is added to be uniformly stirred to form slurry with the solid content of 28 percent. And (3) placing the inner core in a coating machine (the rotating speed is 60r/min, the temperature is 120 ℃), and then gradually spraying the slurry on the rolling inner core for coating. And after the completion, the coating machine continuously rotates for 30min, then the material is discharged, and the blank is obtained after cooling, wherein the thickness of the dry slurry layer on the surface of the blank is about 3-4 mm.
(3) And (3) placing the blank body in a tubular heating furnace, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, heating to 1080 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 12min, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the sustained-release body particles.
(4) Adding a plant regulator (consisting of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, chlormequat chloride, compound sodium nitrophenolate and potassium indolebutyrate according to the mass ratio of 4. And (3) placing the sustained-release body particles in the ethanol solution, standing for 60min, taking out the sustained-release body particles, and drying at 60 ℃ for 50min to obtain the modified sustained-release body particles.
(5) 16 parts of microcrystalline wax and polyvinyl alcohol 2488 powder: 0.5 part by weight of the mixture is placed in a coating machine and heated to 85 ℃ to melt to form a coating liquid, and meanwhile, the modified slow-release body particles are added into the coating machine (the rotating speed is 60 r/min), wherein the mass ratio of the coating liquid to the modified slow-release body particles is 10:32. and then gradually spraying the coating liquid on the surfaces of the rolling modified slow-release body particles to form a coating layer, continuously rotating the coating machine for 5 minutes after the coating is finished, discharging, and cooling to obtain the soil acid reducing agent.
Example 4
A preparation process of a soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing 150-mesh shell powder, 200-mesh crushed rice hull powder and polyvinyl alcohol 1788 powder according to the following weight ratio of 2.3: 4.1 parts by weight: mixing 0.65 parts by weight, stirring for 8min, mixing uniformly, adding the obtained mixed powder into a granulator, carrying out wet spray granulation, and drying the obtained granules at 130 ℃ for 40min to obtain the kernel for later use.
(2) Adding clear water into the heavy metal contaminated soil powder, and uniformly stirring to form slurry with the solid content of 31%. And (3) placing the inner core in a coating machine (the rotating speed is 60r/min, the temperature is 110 ℃), and then gradually spraying the slurry on the rolling inner core for coating. And after the completion, the coating machine continuously rotates for 40min, then the material is discharged, and the blank is obtained after cooling, wherein the thickness of the dry slurry layer on the surface of the blank is about 3-4 mm.
(3) And (3) placing the blank body in a tubular heating furnace, introducing nitrogen as protective gas, heating to 1050 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 18min, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the slow-release body particles.
(4) Adding a plant regulator (consisting of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, chlormequat chloride, succinamide and potassium indolebutyrate according to the mass ratio of 3.8. And (3) placing the sustained-release body particles in the ethanol solution, standing for 45min, taking out the sustained-release body particles, and drying at 55 ℃ for 60min to obtain the modified sustained-release body particles.
(5) Mixing microcrystalline wax and polyvinyl alcohol 1788 powder in 14 weight parts: 0.55 part by weight of the mixture is placed in a coating machine and heated to 85 ℃ to melt to form a coating liquid, and meanwhile, the modified slow-release body particles are added into the coating machine (the rotating speed is 60 r/min), wherein the mass ratio of the coating liquid to the modified slow-release body particles is 8:35. and then gradually spraying the coating liquid on the surfaces of the rolling modified slow-release body particles to form a coating layer, continuously rotating the coating machine for 5 minutes after the coating is finished, discharging, and cooling to obtain the soil acid reducing agent.
Example 5
A preparation process of a soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing 180-mesh shell powder and polyvinyl alcohol 1788 powder according to the weight ratio of 2.5: mixing 0.8 part by weight, stirring for 10min, mixing uniformly, adding the obtained mixed powder into a granulator, carrying out wet spray granulation, and drying the obtained granules at 135 ℃ for 35min to obtain the kernel for later use.
(2) Heavy metal contaminated soil powder and 350-mesh shell powder are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1.5: 0.3 part by weight of the components are mixed and then added with clean water to be uniformly stirred to form slurry with the solid content of 35 percent. And (3) placing the inner core in a coating machine (rotating speed of 70r/min, temperature of 105 ℃), and then gradually spraying the slurry on the rolling inner core for coating. And after the completion, the coating machine continuously rotates for 50min, then the material is discharged, and the blank is obtained after cooling, wherein the thickness of the dry slurry layer on the surface of the blank is about 4-5 mm.
(3) And (3) placing the blank body in a tubular heating furnace, introducing nitrogen as protective gas, heating to 1020 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the slow-release body particles.
(4) Adding a plant regulator (consisting of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, succinamic acid, sodium nitrophenolate and potassium indolebutyrate according to a mass ratio of 4.2. And (3) placing the sustained-release body particles in the ethanol solution, standing for 30min, taking out the sustained-release body particles, and drying at 50 ℃ for 75min to obtain the modified sustained-release body particles.
(5) Mixing paraffin wax and polyvinyl alcohol 1788 powder according to the weight ratio of 12 parts: 0.4 part by weight of the mixture is placed in a coating machine and heated to 85 ℃ to melt to form a coating liquid, and meanwhile, the modified slow-release body particles are added into the coating machine (the rotating speed is 70 r/min), wherein the mass ratio of the coating liquid to the modified slow-release body particles is 10:35. and then gradually spraying the coating liquid on the surfaces of the rolling modified slow-release body particles to form a coating layer, continuously rotating the coating machine for 7 minutes after the coating is finished, discharging, and cooling to obtain the soil acid reducing agent.
Example 6
A preparation process of a soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing 120-mesh shell powder, 200-mesh crushed rice hull powder and 2488 polyvinyl alcohol powder according to the weight ratio of 1.9: 3.6 parts by weight: mixing 0.45 part by weight, stirring for 8min, mixing uniformly, adding the obtained mixed powder into a granulator, carrying out wet spray granulation, and drying the obtained granules at 120 ℃ for 50min to obtain the kernel for later use.
(2) Heavy metal contaminated soil powder and 300-mesh shell powder are mixed according to the weight ratio of 2.4: 0.35 part by weight of the components are mixed and then added with clean water to be uniformly stirred to form slurry with the solid content of 28 percent. And (3) placing the inner core in a coating machine (the rotating speed is 60r/min, the temperature is 120 ℃), and then gradually spraying the slurry on the rolling inner core for coating. And after the completion, the coating machine continuously rotates for 30min, then the material is discharged, and the blank is obtained after cooling, wherein the thickness of the dry slurry layer on the surface of the blank is about 3-4 mm.
(3) And (3) placing the blank body in a tubular heating furnace, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, heating to 1080 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 12min, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the sustained-release body particles.
(4) Adding a plant regulator (consisting of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, chlormequat chloride, compound sodium nitrophenolate and potassium indolebutyrate according to the mass ratio of 4. And (3) placing the slow release body particles in the ethanol solution, standing for 60min, taking out the slow release body particles, and drying at 60 ℃ for 50min to obtain the soil acid reducing agent.
The soil acid reducing agent prepared in each example is applied to acidified soil with an initial pH value of 4.73 at an application rate of 1100 kg/acre. The pH values of the acidified soils corresponding to the examples were measured at 10 days, 30 days, and 120 days, respectively, and the results are shown in the following table.
The soil acid reducing agent prepared in each example was applied to acidified soil having an initial pH of 4.73 in an amount of 1100 kg/acre. After 30 days wheat was planted in the acidified soil treated with the soil acid reducing agent of each example, and then the wheat yield growth rate was tested relative to the blank (the original acidified soil without any soil acid reducing agent applied) with the results shown in the following table.
From the test results, it can be seen that, compared with the blank group, the wheat yield of each example added with the soil acid reducing agent is increased to a certain extent, and mainly the soil acid reducing agent can reduce soil acidity and the plant growth regulator, so that soil vigor is improved, and crop growth is promoted.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation process of a soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing shell powder, crop biomass powder and polyvinyl alcohol, then carrying out wet spray granulation, and drying the obtained particles to obtain a kernel for later use;
(2) Mixing heavy metal contaminated soil powder, shell powder and water, and uniformly stirring to form slurry; coating the slurry on the surface of the kernel and then drying to obtain a blank for later use;
(3) Sintering the green body in an oxygen-isolated environment, reducing the temperature to a preset temperature after the sintering is finished, and then preserving the heat in the air; cooling to room temperature to obtain sustained-release granules;
(4) And (3) placing the slow-release body particles in an ethanol solution of a plant regulator, taking out the slow-release body particles after absorption, drying, and coating a film on the surface of the obtained slow-release body particles to obtain the soil deacidification agent for promoting the growth of crops.
2. The preparation process of the soil acid reducing agent for promoting the growth of crops as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the proportion of the shell powder, the crop biomass powder and the polyvinyl alcohol is 1.9-2.5 parts by weight: 3.6-4.8 parts by weight: 0.45 to 0.8 weight portion;
preferably, in the step (1), the particle size of the shell powder is 120-180 meshes;
preferably, in the step (1), the crop biomass powder is prepared by crushing waste crop biomass, and more preferably, the waste crop biomass includes at least one of corn straw, wheat straw, rice straw, cotton straw, soybean straw and rice hull.
3. The process for preparing a soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the drying temperature is 120-135 ℃ and the drying time is 35-50 min.
4. The preparation process of the soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the weight part ratio of the soil powder to the shell powder is 1.5-2.4: 0.3-0.35 part; preferably, in the step (2), the solid content of the slurry is 28-35%.
5. The process for preparing a soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the thickness of the dry slurry on the surface of the blank body is controlled to be between 3 and 5 mm;
preferably, in the step (2), the drying temperature is 105-120 ℃, and the time is 30-50 min;
preferably, in step (3), the oxygen-barrier environment is made by a protective atmosphere, and the protective atmosphere includes any one of nitrogen and inert gas.
6. The process for preparing a soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the sintering temperature is 1020-1080 ℃, the sintering time is 12-25 min, and the temperature rise rate is 8-10 ℃/min.
7. The preparation process of the soil acid reducing agent for promoting the growth of crops as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the mass fraction of the plant regulator in the ethanol solution is 5-8%; preferably, the plant regulator comprises at least one of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, sodium nitrophenolate, succinamic acid, chlormequat chloride, sodium naphthylacetate and potassium indolebutyrate;
preferably, in the step (4), the absorption time is not less than 30min, and more preferably 45 to 60min.
8. The process for preparing a soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the controlled-release body particles are taken out and dried at 50-60 ℃ for 50-75 min.
9. The process for preparing a soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein in the step (4), the coating comprises 12 to 16 parts by weight of a membrane material, 0.4 to 55 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol; preferably, the film material includes any one of paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, and the like.
10. The process for preparing a soil acid reducing agent for promoting crop growth according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein in the step (4), the thickness of the dry slurry layer of the heavy metal contaminated soil powder on the surface of the acid reducing agent is not more than 1mm.
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| CN113716997A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-11-30 | 中国科学院大学 | Struvite coated slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN114933908A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-23 | 山东省农业科学院 | Trichoderma harzianum modifier for saline-alkali soil treatment and preparation process thereof |
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| CN1684928A (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2005-10-19 | 全寿京 | A wood chip capsule for fertilizer, agriculture pesticides and plant growth regulator, process and apparatus for producing the same |
| CN104909934A (en) * | 2015-06-20 | 2015-09-16 | 浙江大学 | Method for producing slow-release calcium fertilizer from crop straw |
| CN113716997A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-11-30 | 中国科学院大学 | Struvite coated slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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