CN106748425B - Conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil - Google Patents
Conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D5/00—Fertilisers containing magnesium
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/02—Other organic fertilisers from peat, brown coal, and similar vegetable deposits
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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Abstract
The invention provides a conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30-40% of seaweed peel, 15-20% of lime, 10-14% of magnesium hydroxide, 20-25% of humic acid fertilizer, 5-7% of sodium silicate and 5-10% of peat soil, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100%. The granular conditioner is formed by organically combining the components through operations of blending, agglomeration, granulation and the like, has the advantages of convenience in application and the like, and the obtained conditioner can increase the effective selenium content in soil by changing the pH, the Eh and organic matters of the soil, so that the selenium content in crops is remarkably increased, and the granular conditioner has remarkable economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit and higher application and popularization values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil.
Background
Selenium is a trace element essential to human and animals, and has biological properties of scavenging free radicals, resisting oxidation, delaying aging, resisting cancer, enhancing immunity, antagonizing heavy metals, etc. Selenium sources of human bodies are mainly ingested by diet, and selenium-rich agricultural products are effective ways for supplementing selenium elements to human bodies, so the selenium-rich technology is a hot spot field for research and development of scientists.
The selenium content of crops is generally influenced by the crop variety, the selenium content of soil, some physical and chemical indexes, agronomic management measures and other factors. China belongs to a country with serious selenium deficiency in soil, and about 70 percent of the area of the national soil in China belongs to a selenium deficiency area. The selenium deficiency of soil directly causes the selenium content in crops in most areas to be insufficient, even in some areas with relatively high total selenium content in soil, the effective selenium content of plants in the soil is low, and the selenium content in crops growing on the soil cannot reach the selenium-rich standard, so that a large part of people in China are in a selenium nutrition deficiency state. At present, a plurality of selenium-rich agricultural products are produced by adding selenium from external sources, which not only increases the production cost, but also can cause certain pollution to the environment, and can cause toxicity when excessive selenium is added.
Selenium can be divided into exchangeable state, carbonate combined state, iron-manganese oxide combined state, organic combined state and residue state in soil, and various forms can be mutually converted under certain conditions. The form of selenium present is an important factor in determining the degree of effectiveness thereof, and moreover, the effectiveness thereof is also related to the soil texture, pH, oxidation-reduction potential (Eh), organic matter content, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy field soil, which is applied in a paddy field environment, can increase the effective selenium content in the soil by changing the pH, Eh and organic matters of the soil, so that crops can absorb more selenium, the selenium content in the crops is obviously increased, the economic benefit of the crops can be increased, the conditioner is safe and environment-friendly, the use of exogenous selenium can be omitted, the cost is saved, and the economic benefit, the social benefit and the ecological benefit are very obvious.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30-40% of seaweed peel, 15-20% of lime, 10-14% of magnesium hydroxide, 20-25% of humic acid fertilizer, 5-7% of sodium silicate and 5-10% of peat soil, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100%.
Preferably, the raw materials used in the conditioner are as follows by weight percent: 37% of seaweed peel, 16% of lime, 11% of magnesium hydroxide, 21% of humic acid, 7% of sodium silicate and 8% of peat soil.
The seaweed peel is prepared by collecting and drying seaweed growing in the sea salt drying process, spraying fresh water according to the amount of 2L/kg for desalination, continuously drying until the water content is 45% -60%, composting and fermenting for 20-30 d, cooling to 30-40 ℃, spreading and drying.
The lime is quicklime.
The magnesium hydroxide is agricultural magnesium hydroxide, wherein Mg (OH)2The content of (B) is 72 wt%.
The content of humic acid in the humic acid fertilizer is 70 wt%.
The silicon content of the sodium silicate is 55 wt%.
The preparation method of the conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: respectively crushing seaweed peels, lime, magnesium hydroxide, humic acid fertilizer, sodium silicate and peat soil, and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve;
(2) material blending: mixing the raw material powder treated in the step (1) according to a ratio, uniformly stirring, and then sieving the mixed material by a 100-mesh sieve;
(3) agglomeration and granulation: conveying 40-60 wt% of the mixed material into a disc granulator for granulation, controlling the speed of the granulator to be 40-50r/min, intermittently spraying clear water in the granulation process to wet the surface of the mixed material, turning to form a spherical core, and controlling the forming time of the spherical core to be 8-10 min; continuously adding the rest mixed materials to gradually grow the ball core; the whole granulation time is controlled to be 12-15 min;
(4) drying: directly drying the prepared particles in the sun or in a dryer at 60-70 ℃ to ensure that the water content is less than or equal to 5 percent;
(5) sieving: and sieving the dried particles to control the particle size of the finished product to be 1.0-3.5 mm.
The conditioner for promoting selenium activation in the selenium-containing paddy soil is suitable for the selenium-containing paddy soil with the selenium content of more than 0.35 mg/kg; the specific using method comprises the following steps: and (3) in combination with soil turning, applying the conditioner as a base fertilizer 5-7 days before crop planting, wherein the application amount is 50-150 kg/mu, preferably 100-150 kg/mu.
The organic matter content of the seaweed growing in the sea salt sun-curing process is about 18 percent, and the seaweed contains a small amount of ions such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and the like, so that the organic matter content of soil can be improved, the content of various elements in the soil can be increased, the soil structure can be improved, the air permeability and water retention capacity of the soil can be increased, and the soil can be prevented from hardening; the silicon element in the sodium silicate is a beneficial element for the growth of rice, can enhance the disease and insect resistance and lodging resistance of the rice and has good effect on improving the yield and quality of the rice; lime can increase pH value of soil and promote Se4+Is easy to be absorbed by cropsSe of6+Conversion, therefore, the addition of lime can promote the absorption of selenium by crops; the magnesium hydroxide can not only improve the pH value of the soil, but also play an important role in increasing the magnesium element of the soil. The conditioner capable of activating selenium element in soil and promoting selenium absorption of crops is prepared by using seaweed peels, humic acid and sodium silicate as main conditioning raw materials, using lime and magnesium hydroxide as accelerators and peat soil as a binder through material blending, agglomeration, granulation and other operations. The finished product of the conditioner is granular, is convenient to apply, can increase the effective selenium content in soil by changing the pH value, the Eh and organic matters of the soil, so that crops can absorb more selenium, the selenium content in the crops is obviously increased, and the conditioner is suitable for planting rice.
The selenium-enriched compound fertilizer has the advantages of wide raw material source, low cost, simple and feasible preparation process, safety and environmental protection, can increase the economic benefit of crops, can save the use of exogenous selenium, saves the cost, and has very obvious economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit.
Detailed Description
A conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30-40% of seaweed peel, 15-20% of lime, 10-14% of magnesium hydroxide, 20-25% of humic acid fertilizer, 5-7% of sodium silicate and 5-10% of peat soil, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100%.
The seaweed peel is prepared by collecting and drying seaweed growing in the sea salt drying process, spraying fresh water according to the amount of 2L/kg for desalination, continuously drying until the water content is 45% -60%, composting and fermenting for 20-30 d, cooling to 30-40 ℃, spreading and drying.
The lime is quicklime.
The magnesium hydroxide is agricultural magnesium hydroxide, wherein Mg (OH)2The content of (B) is 72 wt%.
The content of humic acid in the humic acid fertilizer is 70 wt%.
The silicon content of the sodium silicate is 55 wt%.
The preparation method of the conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: respectively crushing seaweed peels, lime, magnesium hydroxide, humic acid fertilizer, sodium silicate and peat soil, and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve;
(2) material blending: mixing the raw material powder treated in the step (1) according to a ratio, uniformly stirring, and then sieving the mixed material by a 100-mesh sieve;
(3) agglomeration and granulation: conveying 40-60 wt% of the mixed material into a disc granulator for granulation, controlling the speed of the granulator to be 40-50r/min, intermittently spraying clear water in the granulation process to wet the surface of the mixed material, turning to form a spherical core, and controlling the forming time of the spherical core to be 8-10 min; continuously adding the rest mixed materials to gradually grow the ball core; the whole granulation time is controlled to be 12-15 min;
(4) drying: directly drying the prepared particles in the sun or in a dryer at 60-70 ℃ to ensure that the water content is less than or equal to 5 percent;
(5) sieving: and conveying the dried particles to a screen mesh for sieving, and controlling the particle size of the finished product to be 1.0-3.5 mm.
In order to make the present invention more comprehensible, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
A conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil comprises the following raw materials: 37 kg of seaweed peel, 16kg of lime, 11 kg of magnesium hydroxide, 21 kg of humic acid, 7 kg of sodium silicate and 8 kg of peat soil; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: respectively crushing seaweed peels, lime, magnesium hydroxide, humic acid fertilizer, sodium silicate and peat soil, and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve;
(2) material blending: mixing the raw material powder treated in the step (1) according to a ratio, uniformly stirring, and then sieving the mixed material by a 100-mesh sieve;
(3) agglomeration and granulation: conveying 50kg of mixed material into a disc granulator for granulation, controlling the speed of the granulator at 45r/min, and intermittently spraying clear water in the granulation process to wet the surface of the mixed material, turning over to form a ball core, and controlling the forming time of the ball core at 9 min; continuously adding the rest mixed materials to gradually grow the ball core; the whole granulation time is controlled to be 13 min;
(4) drying: drying the produced granules in a dryer at 60 ℃ to ensure that the water content is less than or equal to 5 percent;
(5) sieving: conveying the dried particles to a screen mesh for sieving, and controlling the particle size of a finished product to be 1.0-3.5 mm; the yield reaches 85 percent.
Example 2
A conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil comprises the following raw materials: 30 kg of seaweed peel, 20 kg of quick lime, 14 kg of agricultural magnesium hydroxide, 20 kg of humic acid fertilizer, 6kg of sodium silicate and 10 kg of peat soil; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: respectively crushing seaweed peels, lime, magnesium hydroxide, humic acid fertilizer, sodium silicate and peat soil, and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve;
(2) material blending: mixing the raw material powder treated in the step (1) according to a ratio, uniformly stirring, and then sieving the mixed material by a 100-mesh sieve;
(3) agglomeration and granulation: conveying 40 kg of mixed material into a disc granulator for granulation, controlling the speed of the granulator at 40r/min, and intermittently spraying clear water in the granulation process to wet the surface of the mixed material, turning over to form a ball core, and controlling the forming time of the ball core at 8 min; continuously adding the rest mixed materials to gradually grow the ball core; the whole granulation time is controlled to be 12 min;
(4) drying: directly drying the prepared granules in the sun to ensure that the water content is less than or equal to 5 percent;
(5) sieving: conveying the dried particles to a screen mesh for sieving, and controlling the particle size of a finished product to be 1.0-3.5 mm; the yield reaches 80 percent.
Example 3
A conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil comprises the following raw materials: 40 kg of seaweed peel, 15 kg of quick lime, 10 kg of agricultural magnesium hydroxide, 25 kg of humic acid fertilizer, 5 kg of sodium silicate and 5 kg of peat soil; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: respectively crushing seaweed peels, lime, magnesium hydroxide, humic acid fertilizer, sodium silicate and peat soil, and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve;
(2) material blending: mixing the raw material powder treated in the step (1) according to a ratio, uniformly stirring, and then sieving the mixed material by a 100-mesh sieve;
(3) agglomeration and granulation: conveying 60 kg of mixed material into a disc granulator for granulation, controlling the speed of the granulator to be 50r/min, and intermittently spraying clear water in the granulation process to wet the surface of the mixed material, turning over to form a ball core, and controlling the forming time of the ball core to be 10 min; continuously adding the rest mixed materials to gradually grow the ball core; the whole granulation time is controlled to be 15 min;
(4) drying: drying the produced granules in a dryer at 70 ℃ to ensure that the water content is less than or equal to 5 percent;
(5) sieving: conveying the dried particles to a screen mesh for sieving, and controlling the particle size of a finished product to be 1.0-3.5 mm; the yield reaches 83 percent.
Examples of the applications
The selenium content in the rice planting soil used for the test is 0.42mg/kg, 50kg, 100kg and 150kg of the conditioner prepared in example 1 are applied to each mu to serve as test groups, a paddy field to which a conditioner without seaweed hulls (150 kg/mu) is applied is used as a positive control, a paddy field to which a conditioner is not applied is used as a negative control, and the rice is sampled and measured after being harvested, wherein the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect of different amounts of conditioner on soil available selenium and selenium content in Rice
As can be seen from the results in Table 1, compared with a negative control without using the conditioner, the content of the selenium in the soil in an effective state is increased by 11.49-34.46% after the conditioner is applied, the content of the selenium in the rice is increased by 19.44-38.89%, the standard of the selenium-enriched rice can be reached, and the effect of the conditioner reaches an obvious level.
After the conditioner (150 kg/mu) without the seaweed skin is applied, various indexes of the conditioner are improved compared with negative control, but the effect is not better than that of test groups of 100 kg/mu and 150 kg/mu. Therefore, the use of the seaweed peel is beneficial to obviously improving the action effect of the conditioner; and researches show that compared with a conditioner without added seaweed peel, the conditioner with added seaweed peel can improve the rice yield by 5-8%, the crude protein content by 2.5-5.3%, the amino acid content by 3.3-5.6% and the fatty acid content by 4.2-6.1%, namely the conditioner can effectively improve the rice yield and quality.
Therefore, the conditioner can effectively improve the selenium content of the rice, improve the commodity value of the rice and have better economic benefit.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil is characterized in that: the conditioner comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30-40% of seaweed peel, 15-20% of lime, 10-14% of magnesium hydroxide, 20-25% of humic acid fertilizer, 5-7% of sodium silicate and 5-10% of peat soil, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw materials is 100%;
the seaweed peel is prepared by collecting and drying seaweed growing in a sea salt drying process, spraying fresh water according to the amount of 2L/kg for desalination, continuously drying until the water content is 45-60%, composting and fermenting for 20-30 d, cooling to 30-40 ℃, spreading and drying;
the preparation method of the conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: respectively crushing seaweed peels, lime, magnesium hydroxide, humic acid fertilizer, sodium silicate and peat soil, and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve;
(2) material blending: mixing the raw material powder treated in the step (1) according to a ratio, uniformly stirring, and then sieving the mixed material by a 100-mesh sieve;
(3) agglomeration and granulation: conveying 40-60 wt% of the mixed material into a disc granulator for granulation, controlling the speed of the granulator to be 40-50r/min, intermittently spraying clear water in the granulation process to wet the surface of the mixed material, turning to form a spherical core, and controlling the forming time of the spherical core to be 8-10 min; continuously adding the rest mixed materials to gradually grow the ball core; the whole granulation time is controlled to be 12-15 min;
(4) drying: directly drying the prepared particles in the sun or in a dryer at 60-70 ℃ to ensure that the water content is less than or equal to 5 percent;
(5) sieving: sieving the dried particles to control the particle size of the finished product to be 1.0-3.5 mm;
the selenium content in the selenium-containing paddy soil is more than 0.35 mg/kg.
2. The conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil of claim 1, wherein: the conditioner comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 37% of seaweed peel, 16% of lime, 11% of magnesium hydroxide, 21% of humic acid fertilizer, 7% of sodium silicate and 8% of peat soil.
3. The conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil of claim 1, wherein: the lime is quicklime.
4. The conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil of claim 1, wherein: the magnesium hydroxide is agricultural magnesium hydroxide, wherein Mg (OH)2The content of (B) is 72 wt%.
5. The conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil of claim 1, wherein: the content of humic acid in the humic acid fertilizer is 70 wt%.
6. The conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil of claim 1, wherein: the silicon content of the sodium silicate is 55 wt%.
7. The conditioner for promoting selenium activation in selenium-containing paddy soil of claim 1, wherein: the specific using method comprises the following steps: and (3) in combination with soil turning, applying the conditioner as a base fertilizer 3-5 days before crop planting, wherein the application amount is 50-150 kg/mu.
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| CN107805500B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2020-09-18 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Soil conditioner for preventing and treating soil hardening and application thereof |
| CN108727117A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-11-02 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of Selenium in Soil element activator and preparation method thereof |
| CN110024642B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2021-08-20 | 桂林市农业科学院 | Method for planting selenium-rich rice by utilizing plant source humic acid organic fertilizer |
| CN110367028A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-25 | 广西大学 | A method of improvement many years Mango Fruit Garden acid soil produces selenium-rich mango |
| CN110432106A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-12 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of cultural method for the activator and selenium-rich chive that Selenium in Soil activates |
| CN110419404A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of activator of vegetable growing special-purpose soil selenium activation |
| CN111704502A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-09-25 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Special synergistic selenium-rich fertilizer for acid soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN111955266A (en) * | 2020-09-06 | 2020-11-20 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for strengthening and activating selenium in tea garden soil |
| CN111919685A (en) * | 2020-09-06 | 2020-11-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Selenium activation method for corn |
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