CN102765995A - Efficient multifunctional seaweed biological fertilizer - Google Patents
Efficient multifunctional seaweed biological fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102765995A CN102765995A CN2012102909575A CN201210290957A CN102765995A CN 102765995 A CN102765995 A CN 102765995A CN 2012102909575 A CN2012102909575 A CN 2012102909575A CN 201210290957 A CN201210290957 A CN 201210290957A CN 102765995 A CN102765995 A CN 102765995A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient multifunctional seaweed biological fertilizer and relates to the technical field of compound fertilizers. The raw materials include 10-80 parts of seaweed fermentation liquor, 5-30 parts of humic acid, 5-30 parts of urea, 5-20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5-20 parts of potassium sulfate and 2-10 parts of trace elements, and all the raw materials are mixed, concentrated and dried at low temperature to obtain the efficient multifunctional seaweed biological fertilizer. The efficient multifunctional seaweed biological fertilizer can quicken photosynthesis of crops, enhance disease resistance and drought resistance, improve crop yield and improve soil structure and soil water and nutrient retention capability, and is worth popularizing energetically.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the compound manure technical field, be specifically related to a kind of high-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer.
Background technology
At present, because soil life-time service chemical fertilizer makes the physicochemical character of ecotope, soil and edaphon receive destruction in various degree, cause the quality of farm crop to descend.And marine alga fertilizer belongs to natural product, compares with traditional chemical fertilizer, all has incomparable advantage at natural radioactivity, resistance, aspect such as nontoxic, pollution-free; And convenient transportation; Use simply, the effective constituent absorption rate is high, and plant-growth is played significant adjusting and promoter action; Being the representative of the advanced fertilizer in the world today, also is the first-selected fertilizer of green food.
The working method of marine alga fertilizer generally can be divided into chemical hydrolysis (being the Pottasium Hydroxide hydrolysis method), physics extraction method and biological fermentation process (being the enzyme liberating method) etc.; Also some marine alga fertilizer manufacturer extracts biologically active substance in the waste of seaweed industry, and is formulated through science again.At present, most in the world producers mainly adopt chemical hydrolysis production seaweed fertilizer, and its maximum inferior position is that highly basic high temperature can destroy the activity of marine alga endogenous substance, can lose many nutritive ingredients; The physics extraction method is to adopt high pressure low temperature refrigerative technology to reach the broken purpose of alginic cell wall, and this process for extracting is superior to the chemical extraction method, but it is less to grasp the technological enterprise of physical purification at present, for example the kelpak company in South Africa.Because process for extracting is very big for the influence of product active substance and nutrient composition content, therefore, the best working method of marine alga fertilizer is to adopt biological fermentation process.
The biological fermentation ratio juris is that to utilize mikrobe be the plurality of enzymes that produces in the metabolic process of nutrient with marine alga etc.; The macromolecular substance that constitutes marine alga is degraded into small molecules, water miscible material; Because fermenting process does not have the highly basic and the high temperature of chemical hydrolysis; The high pressure and the low temperature that also do not have the physics extraction method; Therefore intactly kept biologically active substance and the nutritive substance in the marine alga to greatest extent, the great advantage of fermentative Production seaweed fertilizer is the variety of product effective constituent simultaneously, and can both be by the plant absorbing utilization.
Be in the country of higher level in the world in the marine alga research and development and aspect utilizing, mainly contain Japan, the U.S., Britain, Canada, Norway etc.Though China from the 1950's, progressively begins systematically to study production exploitation and the processing and utilization of marine alga, in industrialized development, Products Development kind and also exist a certain distance qualitatively.At present; The small-scale production of seaweed fertilizer products such as domestic existing liquid seaweed fertilizer, seaweed urea, Enteromorpha seaweed fertilizer, marine alga foliage fertilizer; But; The production process of these products is more loaded down with trivial details, energy consumption is higher, and the product nutrient distribute uneven, salinity is more high since more than several shortcomings seriously restricted applying of seaweed fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency to prior art; The present invention is main raw material with the marine alga; Go out the high-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer through microbial fermentation; This seaweed organism fertilizer contains 18 kinds of gal4 amino acids that plant can directly absorb and the plant physiology process is had plant growth substance such as growth hormone, phytokinin, the Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins etc. of remarkably influenced, also contains VITAMINs, Nucleotide, Lalgine, humic acid, the plant stress-resistance factor and plant essential element N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, B etc.
A kind of high-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer of the present invention, the feed composition weight part is following: marine alga fermented liquid 10-80 part, humic acids 5-30 part, urea 5-30 part, monoammonium phosphate 5-20 part, vitriolate of tartar 5-20 part, micro-2-10 part;
Above-mentioned raw materials is the commercially available prod except that the marine alga fermented liquid, wherein:
The content of nitrogen is 46.2% in the said urea, is mass percent;
The content of nitrogen is 11.0% in the said monoammonium phosphate, and the content of Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES is 44%, is mass percent;
Potassium oxide content is 50% in the said vitriolate of tartar, is mass percent;
It is in bulk kelp, Enteromorpha, sargassun, the red algae one or more that said marine alga fermented liquid prepares raw materials used marine alga;
Said trace element is one or more in copper, iron, manganese, zinc, boron, the molybdenum.
High-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer of the present invention, the preferred feedstock ingredients weight parts is following: marine alga fermented liquid 15-60 part, humic acids 10-20 part, urea 10-20 part, monoammonium phosphate 10-15 part, vitriolate of tartar 8-10 part, micro-3-8 part.
High-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer of the present invention, most preferably the feed composition weight part is following: 45 parts of marine alga fermented liquids, 15 parts of humic acidss, 15 parts in urea, 12 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 8 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 5 parts of trace elements.
In the high-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer of the present invention, said marine alga preparation of fermentation liquid technology is following:
(1) screening of multi-functional fermented bacterium with separate
Screening and optimization obtain multi-functional fermented bacterium from the marine alga of spontaneous fermentation degraded; Mainly form by useful microbes such as bacterium, actinomycetes and fungies; Sugar, protein, Mierocrystalline cellulose and organism all there is very strong resolving power; Bacterial classification through flat board cultivation, shaking table cultivation, purification, strain identification, is carried out rejuvenation then, as the inoculation bacterial classification.Through culture experiment, analyze coordination symbiosis ability, growth rhythm and the antagonistic action of different strain under the varying environment condition, confirm best mikrobe combination, i.e. the bio-fertilizer function yeast.
(2) preparation of seaweed bio degraded seed liquor
The bacterial strain that will pass through after screening and taming carries out the submerged fermentation cultivation respectively; Fermented liquid is formed according to bacterium: actinomycetes: fungi=1:1:1 mixes; In mixed fermentation liquid, add simultaneously seaweed bio and degrade necessary nutrition source as the seed liquor of seaweed bio degraded, nutrition source is according to mixed fermentation liquid weight percent: nitrogen 0.2%-5%, phosphorus 2.5%-10%, potassium 1%-6% and micro-0.2-5%.
Each weight percentages of components in the marine alga seed liquor is: urea 0.5-10%, potassium primary phosphate 5-20%, peptone 3-5%, contain the trace element salt 3-10%, all the other are the mixed solution of bacterium, actinomycetes, fungal fermented filtrate.
(3) fermentation cabin formula marine alga composting process large scale fermentation is handled marine alga
After the fragmentation of fresh marine alga process, according to the seaweed bio degraded seed liquor of fresh marine alga gross weight interpolation 1%-5%, behind one time fermentation, Secondary Fermentation, with the marine alga filtering fermentation liquor, as the raw material of all kinds of seaweed fertilizer of preparation.
Wherein, one time fermentation (also claiming Primary Fermentation) is from the fermentation initial stage, and temperature, high temperature arrive the whole process that temperature begins to descend then in the warp, need 6-12 days, and the horizontal fermentation roller equipment that the present invention adopts mainly carries out anaerobically fermenting.
Secondary Fermentation (also claiming secondary fermentation) needs 20-30 days; Be that compost begins to descend until 35 ℃-40 ℃ of temperature-stables through hot stage, temperature, reach the process in the stage of becoming thoroughly decomposed, this process can be utilized actinomycetes and the fungi in the bacterial classification; Good marine alga is further decomposed will in one time fermentation, not have degraded; And can remove the foul smell in the anaerobic fermentation process, make the effective constituent in the marine alga be able to discharge fully, the fermentation in this stage is carried out in ad hoc storehouse; Generally carry out the open type secondary fermentation to solid accumulation to the height of 1m-2m, need turning in case of necessity and ventilate to handle.
Behind one time fermentation, Secondary Fermentation, obtain the raw material of marine alga filtering fermentation liquor as the preparation seaweed organism fertilizer.
The preparation method of high-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer of the present invention is following:
With the marine alga fermented liquid is that base fluid and humic acids, urea, monoammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, trace element carry out compatibility, concentrates after mixing, and makes powdery or flaky high-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer through oven drying at low temperature.
High-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer of the present invention is as main raw material with the marine plant marine alga; Adopt the modern agriculture biotechnology; The bio-feritlizer of being processed into through science; Be the main body with natural seaweed extracted liquor and active bio bacterium; Its staple is that the natural bioactivity substance that helps growth and development of plants that from the marine alga fermented liquid, extracts and marine alga absorb from the ocean and be enriched in intravital mineral nutrient element, comprises Sargassum polysaccharides, phenols poly-compounds, N.F,USP MANNITOL, trimethyl-glycine, plant growth regulating substance (phytokinin, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, growth hormone and dormin etc.) and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements such as iron, boron, molybdenum, iodine.In addition, for increasing the sequestering action of fertilizer efficiency and fertilizer, product of the present invention has also dissolved in an amount of humic acids and an amount of trace element; Form through scientific and reasonable proportioning, have a fertile multi-purpose function, life-time service can increase substantially soil fertilizer, water retention property; Culture fertility; Optimize the crop alimentary condition, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, increasing both production and income.
High-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer of the present invention is compared with conventional fertilizers, has following excellent results:
(1) fertilizer nutrient general equilibrium can be grown by stimulating plant, promotes crop precocious
The core substance of high-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer of the present invention is the pure natural Seaweed Extract; After biological fermentation is handled, still keep active skull cap components, contained kind of mineral nutrient element and abundant VITAMINs surplus a large amount of non-itrogenous organic substances, potassium, magnesium, the zinc etc. 40, contained peculiar Sargassum polysaccharides in the marine alga, highly undersaturated lipid acid and various plants growth regulator especially; Has very high biological activity; Can stimulate plant growth, promote crop precocious, obvious effect of increasing production.
(2) improve the soil, culture fertility promotes crop root to grow
Seaweed Extract in the product of the present invention combines humate; Can increase soil aggregate, make water retention capacity improve 10 times, cohesion improves 7 times; Trace element in simultaneously can activating soil; Revise soil fertility, promote well developed root system, the enhancement of plant root absorbs the ability of nutrient from soil.
(3) improve crop drought resistance, anti-adversity ability such as waterlogging-resistant, resistant to lodging, antifreeze, obvious effect of increasing production
The immediate cause that seaweed fertilizer has a disease-resistant effect is the particular variety organic substance that contains in the marine alga; It can regulate the osmotic pressure of tenuigenin and chloroplast(id); Protect a series of enzymes in the cell that plant is injured by disease, to be converted into active resistivity chemical substance, strengthen pest-resistant, disease-resistant bacterium ability.Phenols polymer in the product of the present invention and trimethyl-glycine are regulated the osmotic pressure of enchylema and chloroplast(id); Protect that a series of enzymes are suffered from drought plant, trembled with fear, be converted into active resistivity chemical substance in the cell of parasitosis injury; Stronger pest-resistant, antimycotic, anti-gauze worm, anti-aphid and cold-resistant drought-resistant ability are arranged; Improve the crop survival rate, obvious effect of increasing production.
(4) improve utilization rate of fertilizer, environmental protection is pollution-free, obvious environment benefit
Seaweed organism fertilizer of the present invention can suppress the absorption of crop to objectionable impuritiess such as nitrite; Make crop really reach green non-pollution; It is single, easy by the shortcoming of soil fixing and easy leaching loss to remedy single nutrient that is caused to fertilize again, plays and reduces the chemical fertilizer loss, helps improving utilization rate of fertilizer; Environmental protection is pollution-free, obvious environment benefit.
Warp repeatedly field test shows that product of the present invention particularly has bigger effect of increasing production and economic benefit to cash crop such as cotton, tobaccos to food crop such as corn, paddy rice, wheat, soybean.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is elaborated, but protection scope of the present invention is not only for so.
Embodiment 1:Preparation high-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer
(1) preparation marine alga seed liquor
The bacterial strain that will pass through after screening and taming carries out the submerged fermentation cultivation respectively; Fermented liquid is formed according to bacterium: actinomycetes: fungi=1:1:1 mixes; In mixed fermentation liquid, add urea, potassium primary phosphate, peptone, SODIUMNITRATE simultaneously and contain micro-salt; Trace element is selected from copper, iron, manganese, zinc, boron, molybdenum, mixes the back and forms the marine alga seed liquor.
Each weight percentages of components in the marine alga seed liquor is: urea 0.5-10%, potassium primary phosphate 5-20%, peptone 3-5%, contain the trace element salt 3-10%, all the other are the mixed solution of bacterium, actinomycetes, fungal fermented filtrate.
(2) preparation seaweed organism fertilizer
After the fragmentation of fresh marine alga process, according to the seaweed bio degraded seed liquor of fresh marine alga gross weight interpolation 1%-5%, through one time fermentation, Secondary Fermentation, then with the marine alga filtering fermentation liquor, as the raw material of preparation seaweed fertilizer.Wherein, one time fermentation adopts horizontal fermentation roller, is 6-12 days; Secondary Fermentation is 20-30 days; After the further degraded and deodorizing of the degraded of anaerobically fermenting and aerobic fermentation,, in the fermented liquid of handling well, add humic acids, urea, potassium primary phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, trace element with the marine alga filtering fermentation liquor; Concentrate after mixing, oven drying at low temperature, promptly get seaweed organism fertilizer.
Wherein, each composition weight proportioning is: 45 parts of marine alga fermented liquids, 15 parts of humic acidss, 15 parts in urea, 12 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 8 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 5 parts of trace elements; Trace element is the equal proportion mixture of copper, iron, manganese, zinc, boron, molybdenum, and marine alga is the mixture of bulk kelp, Enteromorpha.
Embodiment 2:Preparation high-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer
Marine alga seed liquor and marine alga preparation of fermentation liquid are with embodiment 1, and each ingredients weight parts is following in the seaweed organism fertilizer:
50 parts of marine alga fermented liquids, 12 parts of humic acidss, 15 parts in urea, 10 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 8 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 5 parts of trace elements; Trace element is the equal proportion mixture of copper, iron, manganese, zinc, boron, molybdenum, and marine alga is the mixture of bulk kelp, Enteromorpha.
Embodiment 3:Preparation high-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer
Marine alga seed liquor and marine alga preparation of fermentation liquid are with embodiment 1, and each ingredients weight parts is following in the seaweed organism fertilizer: 27 parts of marine alga fermented liquids, 20 parts of humic acidss, 20 parts in urea, 15 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 10 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 8 parts of trace elements; Trace element is the equal proportion mixture of copper, iron, manganese, zinc, boron, molybdenum, and marine alga is the mixture of bulk kelp, Enteromorpha.
Comparative Examples:Common Repone K composite fertilizer, total nutrient is 54%, and N-P-K content is respectively 18%, 18%, 18%, and Stanley Fertilizer Co.,Ltd produces.
The effect of above embodiment 1-3 of the present invention and Comparative Examples is following:
Company is located at Heng Ling village, Zhu Yang town, Tai, Shandong Province with test, and soil type is a brown earth, soil nutrient content: organic 10.25g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 90mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 12.4 mg/kg, available potassium 89 mg/kg.
Wheat breed is a Jimai 22.
The experimental plot area is 20 square metres, establishes 6 processing, 3 repetitions, and district's group is arranged at random.The experimental plot is a rectangle, establishes guard rows all around, and dose is 750kg/hm2, and the sub-district dose is 1.5kg, and 2/3 base is executed, and 1/3 in imposing.
Comparative Examples adopts common Repone K composite fertilizer, and total nutrient is 54%, and N-P-K content is respectively 18%, 18%, 18%, and Stanley Fertilizer Co.,Ltd produces.
Table 1 wheat biological character and output
Can find out that from table 1 plant height of Comparative Examples is 75.06 cm, the embodiment that seaweed organism fertilizer is handled, its wheat plant height, thousand seed weight all are significantly higher than Comparative Examples, and embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 are respectively than Comparative Examples raising the output 12.7%, 12.3%, 8.2%.Because plant height is represented the situation of nourishing and growing of wheat, thousand seed weight then is the reflection of reproductive growth, and therefore, seaweed organism fertilizer can promote nourishing and growing of wheat, and contained trace element can promote reproductive growth in the seaweed organism fertilizer.
Compare with the common composite fertilizer of equal nutrient, seaweed organism fertilizer is handled plant height, thousand seed weight and the output that can significantly increase wheat, and wheat can increase production 8.2%～12.7%, obvious effect of increasing production.
That product of the present invention has is balanced in nutrition, fertilizer efficiency fast, strong stress resistance, raising output, the multiple function such as quality of improving; Not only accomplished the land used combination of increasing soil fertility; And raising the output, efficient, pollution-free, be agricultural sustainable development and the new-type fertilizer of producing green food, be worthy to be popularized.
Claims (3)
1. a high-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer is characterized in that the feed composition weight part is following: marine alga fermented liquid 10-80 part, humic acids 5-30 part, urea 5-30 part, monoammonium phosphate 5-20 part, vitriolate of tartar 5-20 part, micro-2-10 part;
Above-mentioned raw materials is the commercially available prod except that the marine alga fermented liquid, wherein:
The content of nitrogen is 46.2% in the said urea, is mass percent;
The content of nitrogen is 11.0% in the said monoammonium phosphate, and the content of Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES is 44%, is mass percent;
Potassium oxide content is 50% in the said vitriolate of tartar, is mass percent;
It is in bulk kelp, Enteromorpha, sargassun, the red algae one or more that said marine alga fermented liquid prepares raw materials used marine alga;
Said trace element is one or more in copper, iron, manganese, zinc, boron, the molybdenum.
2. high-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that the feed composition weight part is following: marine alga fermented liquid 15-60 part, humic acids 10-20 part, urea 10-20 part, monoammonium phosphate 10-15 part, vitriolate of tartar 8-10 part, micro-3-8 part.
3. high-efficiency multi-function seaweed organism fertilizer according to claim 1 or claim 2 is characterized in that the feed composition weight part is following: 45 parts of marine alga fermented liquids, 15 parts of humic acidss, 15 parts in urea, 12 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 8 parts of vitriolate of tartar, 5 parts of trace elements.
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Application publication date: 20121107 |