CN102173890A - Refined bioorganic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a refined bioorganic fertilizer and the refined bioorganic fertilizer mainly contains a powdery or granular mixture of sugar mud and manure which are treated through microbial maturing fermentation, wherein the proportions of dry sugar mud and manure are no less than 60%, the weight ratio of dry sugar mud to dry manure is (4-8): (1-3); and humus or/and phosphogypsum can also be added. The refined bioorganic fertilizer with humus and phosphogypsum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of sugar mud and manure, 1-2 parts of humus and 0.2-1 part of phosphogypsum. When sugar mud and manure are dry or wet, an agent is added to mix, wherein the added maturing agent accounts for 2-15% of the dry weight of the object to be added and the fermentation temperature is 60-80 DEG C. The invention utilizes the microbial fermentation maturing technology to perform powerful fermentation on organic wastes such as sugar mud and manure and release various fertilizer elements which can be absorbed by crops; the refined bioorganic fertilizer is generally suitable for food crops, fruits and vegetables; and by adopting the fertilizer, the yield and income can be increased and the crop products are green and have high quality. By adopting the refined bioorganic fertilizer, the hard three-waste treatment problem of sugar factories and the starch factories can also be solved, thus the refined bioorganic fertilizer achieve many things at one stroke.

Description

Refined biological organic fertilizer

Technical field the invention belongs to a kind of refined biological organic fertilizer that obtains with microbial process.

Background technology is since chemical fertilizer comes out, and the output of world farm crop has obtained promoting significantly, and qualitative leap has taken place the human existence looks, and the volume increase of grain gives people in the threat in the face of famine, and more safety control has been arranged.But on the other hand, chemical fertilizer also brings many negative influences in its active effect of performance, and the long-term application chemical fertilizer not only causes soil compaction, soil property change, soil renewal ability to die down, and quality of agricultural product descends.But also having caused destruction in various degree to the ecotope that the mankind depend on for existence, tap water is polluted.Data shows that the tap water nitrate content that is subjected to pollution by chemical fertilizer exceeds 6 times of maximum permissible value up to 300mg/L, nitrate also collects on the cauline leaf after root system of plant absorbs, and in the seed, and then enter in the food chain of people, animal fowl, absorbed by people, animal.Nitrate changes into strong carcinogen-nitrous compound in human body.Increased the danger of suffering from diseases such as cancer to people.Along with science and technology development, the negative effect of chemical fertilizer is opened, people progressively recognize and only depend on the way of using chemical fertilizer and increase output can not continue again, so people begin again to return, then pursue safe, natural, green organic fertilizer.

The source of organic fertilizer is very extensive, and traditional mainly is farm manure, as feces of livestock and poultry, is exactly the discharge of agricultural byproducts processing factory in addition, as the offal of the sugared mud in sugar refinery, useless mash, starch factory, waste material, distillery vinasse or the like.Mix and become barnyard manure with straw, the foreign material such as dish leaf, dish root that give up often for farm manure, very inconvenient when using, be difficult to accomplish balanced fertilising.It is very long that foreign material such as grass wherein, leaf, root bury time of extensive use of chemical fertilizer in the ground, also influences farming the coming year.This is the slow basic reason of agricultural fat effect.Also be to cause many plantations family to be unwilling with the reason of farm manure.For the sugared mud in sugar refinery, though be rich in useful components such as nitrogen phosphorus potassium, very big is can not be existed by the form that crop root absorbs, particularly exist with fibers form, to decompose very slow.Also containing certain chemical additive simultaneously needs to handle.The conglomeration such as a pile tangled skein of jute besides, the peasant is inconvenient to use.At present, the processing of this waste material has become sugar refinery stubborn problem, and pile up like a mountain for sugared mud year in year out, can't handle, useless mash sinuous flow or enclose the pool and deposit in factory, and cumulative, foul smell smokes the sky, contaminate environment.

In phosphate fertilizer plant, a large amount of solid waste phosphogypsums also is headachy thing.Each factory all has the phosphogypsum of hundreds of thousands of ton even up to a million tons to be deposited in plant area can't to handle.

People urgently wish to have and a kind ofly can utilize organic and inorganic waste to produce the technology of efficient organic fertilizer simultaneously, but do not see corresponding report so far.

Summary of the invention purpose of the present invention is exactly to propose a kind of sugared mud, useless mash, phosphogypsum the like waste and poultry manure of utilizing at the problems referred to above, by microorganism decompose fast, fermentation technique increases the fertilizer efficiency composition, fertilizer efficiency is fast, fertility is convenient to quantitatively by force, simultaneously, the fertilizer product----refined biological organic fertilizer of balanced fertilising, to remedy the deficiencies in the prior art.

This refined biological organic fertilizer that the present invention proposes, it is characterized in that it be mainly contain through the microorganism-decomposing fermentative processing cross sugared mud and the powdery or the granular mixture of ight soil, sugared mud and ight soil are not less than 60% by the proportion of dry measure.

Sugar mud and ight soil are 4-8: 1-3 by the weight part proportioning of dry measure.

Said mixture also can add vegetable mould or/and phosphogypsum.

When adding vegetable mould and phosphogypsum, each constituent element is sugared mud by the proportioning of dry weight basis: ight soil: vegetable mould: phosphogypsum=4-8: 1-3: 1-2: 0.2-1.With 6: 2: 1.5: 0.5 was good.

The fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed of each constituent element can be carried out separately, carries out after also can mixing.

Sugar mud, sneak into the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed when ight soil can or contain moisture when drying, the amount of adding the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is for adding the 2-15% of object dry weight.Leavening temperature is 60-80 ℃.Under the normal circumstances, the temperature of the fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed in the heap can reach this level automatically.

The fermentation times of same material is 1-5 time, decides on the amount of cure of material.

Adding useless mash when agent is become thoroughly decomposed in adding has tangible acceleration to become thoroughly decomposed, and the effect that reduces the finished product stink.Adding proportion be added the object dry weight 0.5-1.5 doubly.Promptly the become thoroughly decomposed material siccative of fermentation of 1 ton of needs adds the useless mash of 0.1-1.5 ton.Generally better with 1: 1.

Ight soil is good with chicken manure, secondly is sheep excrement, cow dung, pig manure, duck goose excrement or human excrement.Certainly do not repel other animal excrement.

The product granularity that obtains after the above-mentioned processing is controlled at the 80-120 order and is advisable.And be encapsulated as finished product with plastics bag.

Characteristics of the present invention are: utilize microbial fermentation slaking technology, organic waste materials such as sugared mud, ight soil, cassava is poor are carried out brute force to ferment, decompose fast, discharge and to be the multiple fertilizer element of crop absorption, fertile cellulose content and ratios such as comprehensive simultaneously allotment nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, humic acid generally are applicable to farm crop and flowers such as paddy rice, corn, Chinese sorghum, soybean, banana, capsicum, tomato.Product form is powdery or particulate state, uses conveniently, accomplishes easily quantitatively and balanced fertilising, makes crop growing state consistent with ripening degree.

Essence of the present invention still belongs to fertilizer, does not add any chemical fertilizer, possesses the whole characteristics and the attribute of farm manure, but fertilizer efficiency obviously is better than traditional farm manure, has that fertilizer efficiency is long, fertilizer efficiency fast, improve Soil structure, strengthens soil fertility, crop is pollution-free, and the seed quality is full naturally.

The present invention adopts the powerful fermentation of high temperature to ight soil, sugared mud etc., kills most of unwanted bacteria and worm's ovum, reduces or blocked the generation of crop pest, guarantees increasing both production and income.

The present invention takes the lead in utilizing " three wastes " raw material of sugar refinery, starch factory, is finish-machined to efficient organic fertilizer, attaches and has improved traditional farm manure, turns waste into wealth, and has both solved the environmental improvement difficult problem of enterprise, has created new wealth to society again, achieves many things at one stroke.

Further specify positively effect of the present invention with example below.

Embodiment example 1, is as mentioned above mixed with the accumulative for many years sugared mud in sugar refinery, applicant location and chicken manure, vegetable mould, phosphogypsum, and the weight part blending ratio of each raw material dry measure is: 6 parts in sugared mud, 2 parts of chicken manures, vegetable mould 1.5,0.5 part of phosphogypsum.Mix the back and add the agent mixing that becomes thoroughly decomposed, adding proportion is to be added 7.5% of object dry weight, i.e. the 75Kg/ ton.Fermented under field conditions (factors) 20-25 days.After the fermentation, add the new agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed again and carry out the slaking of fermenting for the second time, for the third time.

In the fermentation maturing process, material temperature can be raised to 60-70 ℃, and water major part wherein is evaporated, and material is gradually done.Do further drying after the fermentation ends again, be ground into the pack of 80 purpose powder with pulverizer at last and be finished product.

The used agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed of this example is Yunnan Feng He Ecodevelopment company limited " match health board " commercial goods in 2010, " organic material composting agent ".

Through the random inspection of Yunnan Province's quality supervision and test research institute, this routine product sample assay is:

Outward appearance chocolate powdery does not have mechanical impurity, and is ordorless; Organic content (in butt) 38%; Total nutrient (nitrogen+Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES+potassium oxide) content 7.2%, wherein nitrogen content 2.8%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES (in butt) 2.1%, potassium oxide (in butt) 2.3%; Moisture 9.4%; PH value 7.3; Return worm's ovum mortality ratio 100%; Colititre 0.043; Total cadmium 2mg/Kg; Total mercury 0.1mg/Kg; Total plumbous 14mg/Kg; Total chromium 6mg/Kg; Total arsenic 13mg/Kg.Point out every quality index all to meet the standard-required of NY525-2002 " organic fertilizer ".

Through the contrast experiment at local agricultural technology extension center, prove that this routine product all shows obvious superiority at aspects such as fertilizer efficiency, the structure of improving the soil, raising utilization rate of fertilizer, increase agricultural-food.With the corn is example, and product of the present invention enriches the plot of this routine product 150,200Kg/ mu respectively on the conventional fertilizer application basis, and corn yield has increased 105.6Kg and 274.6Kg respectively, and amplification reaches 24.7% and 64.2% respectively.Extremely significantly increasing both production and income effect is arranged.Also can obtain bigger society and ecological benefits simultaneously, both improve Soil structure, reduce applying quantity of chemical fertilizer, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, alleviate environmental pollution.

The experimental result of being undertaken by the industry tentative specification on paddy rice is in addition: this routine refined biological organic fertilizer has tangible guarantee effect to nutrition and the growth of paddy rice, can increase the per unit area yield of paddy rice, increase the benefit, can increase the soil organism, soil is had the good improving effect of fostering and apply fertilizer.

Try out through the fairly large of peasant household and farm again, the amount of application of according to the form below uses, and proving all has tangible increasing both production and income effect to paddy rice, corn, sugarcane, capsicum, tomato, herbage, flowers etc.The trier likes that extremely product once ran out of goods, and supply falls short of demand.At present, the sugared mud of piling up for many years, can't handling in sugar refinery and useless mash the defending party to the application use to such an extent that remain little.

The usage quantity of product of the present invention (Kg/ mu)

Example 2, with in the example 1 fermentation operation the agent addition that becomes thoroughly decomposed change 20Kg/ ton and 150Kg/ ton respectively into, when all the other are constant.Product gained result and example 1 are basic identical.Just fermentation time needs about 30 days in the winter time the time, and then only needing summer can have good effect in about 20 days.Fermentation times generally is not less than twice, but is advisable with three to four times, and number of times will reduce production efficiency too much, increases production cost.

Example 3, with each proportion of raw materials in the example 1 respectively by carrying out as the following table scheme, all the other conditions are constant.Gained result and example 1 are also roughly suitable, and quality product all meets the requirement of the said products quality standard:

Sugar mud (part)	Chicken manure (part)	Vegetable mould (part)	Phosphogypsum (part)
				4	1	1	0.2
8	3	2	1
				4	3	2	1
5	3	2	0.1
				5	2	1.5	0.8
6	3	2	0.5
				6	2	1	1
6	3	2	1

This routine chicken manure is respectively with sheep excrement, replacement, and when all the other were constant, the every technical indicator of products obtained therefrom was basic identical or close, and result of use is close.But with cow dung, pig manure, when the duck excrement replaces respectively, fertilizer efficiency is successively decreased successively.But still be better than common farm manure.

Example 4, select 4 parts in sugared mud, 3 parts of chicken manures for use, splash respectively useless mash with become thoroughly decomposed the agent mixing, pile fermentation maturity and fermented 25 days.And after carrying out three fermentations continuously, drying and crushing, mixing get final product.Gained fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer of corn or topdresses, and all more common farm manure can increase production more than the 10-17%.。

Change proportioning into 8 parts in sugared mud, 1 part of chicken manure and 5 parts in sugared mud, 2 parts of chicken manures respectively, all the other are constant.The fertilizer efficiency of products obtained therefrom is suitable with it, changes not obvious.All can more common farm manure volume increase.

Claims (9)

1. refined biological organic fertilizer is characterized in that it is mainly to contain the sugared mud crossed through the microorganism-decomposing fermentative processing and the powdery or the granular mixture of ight soil, and sugared mud and ight soil are not less than 60% by the proportion of dry measure.

2. by the described refined biological organic fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that sugared mud and ight soil are 4-8: 1-3 by the weight part proportioning of dry measure.

3. by the described refined biological organic fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that mixture also can add vegetable mould or/and phosphogypsum.

4. by claim 1 or 3 described refined biological organic fertilizers, when it is characterized in that adding vegetable mould and phosphogypsum, each constituent element is sugared mud by the proportioning of dry weight basis: ight soil: vegetable mould: phosphogypsum=4-8: 1-3: 1-2: 0.2-1.

5. by the described refined biological organic fertilizer of one of claim 1-4, the fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed that it is characterized in that each constituent element carry out separately or mix after carry out.

6. by the described refined biological organic fertilizer of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that sugared mud, ight soil sneaks into the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed when drying or when containing moisture, the amount of adding the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is for adding the 2-15% of object dry weight.

7. by one of claim 1-4 described refined biological organic fertilizer, the fermentation times that it is characterized in that same material is 1-5 time.

8. by the described refined biological organic fertilizer of one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that adding and add useless mash when becoming thoroughly decomposed agent, adding proportion be added the object dry weight 0.5-1.5 doubly.

9. by one of claim 1-4 described refined biological organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that ight soil is good with chicken manure, secondly is sheep excrement, cow dung, pig manure, duck goose excrement or human excrement.