CN108611100B - Acidic soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Acidic soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108611100B CN108611100B CN201810333701.5A CN201810333701A CN108611100B CN 108611100 B CN108611100 B CN 108611100B CN 201810333701 A CN201810333701 A CN 201810333701A CN 108611100 B CN108611100 B CN 108611100B
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
Abstract
The invention provides an acid soil conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the acid soil conditioner is prepared by compounding industrial waste, mineral raw materials and SE functional substances according to a certain proportion, and the SE functional substances comprise a saccharifying enzyme treatment substance, amino acid biochar and one or more of alginic acid, polyaspartic acid, polyglutamic acid and potassium fulvate. The acid soil conditioner can effectively adjust the pH value of soil, neutralize free acid, passivate active aluminum and solve the problem of acid and toxicity of soil; the humic acid-rich organic fertilizer is rich in humic acid and organic matters, can effectively improve soil, recovers the granular structure of the soil, increases the content of the organic matters, and improves the water retention, fertility enhancement and air permeability of the soil; improving the microenvironment of plant rhizosphere soil, enhancing the activity of root systems and promoting the absorption and utilization of nutrients; improve the stress resistance of crops and effectively prevent the premature senility of the crops, and is a conditioner which has the effects of improving soil and promoting the growth of the crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement and fertilizers, in particular to an acid soil conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The acid soil is soil with pH value less than 7. the acid soil is mainly distributed in wide tropical and subtropical regions in the south of Yangtze river, and the area is about 2.04 × 108Hectare. Wherein, the pH value of most of the soil is less than 5, and the pH value of some soil is even lower than 4.5. More seriously, the area of the acid soil is continuously enlarged, and the acidity of the soil is also continuously increased. Soil acidification can cause a series of changes of physical, chemical and biological environments of soil such as good soil structure damage, hardening, microbial population structure change, activation of toxic metal elements such as aluminum, manganese and the like, soil buffering performance is reduced, crop growth and ecological environment safety are affected, and human health development is harmed. Therefore, it is continuously studied how to improve acidic soil to reduce the damage. Among the many methods of improvement, the application of acid soil conditioners is one of the more straightforward, convenient and effective measures.
At present, most of conditioner in the market mainly aims at improving the pH value of soil, and in actual use, most of conditioner can only primarily improve surface soil and cannot improve root system microecology, and meanwhile, the conditioner also has the problem of broad spectrum and cannot specifically solve the actual local problem, and particularly, no ideal soil conditioner exists for improving acid soil in the south. Because southern acid soil is influenced by the matrix of the soil, the southern acid soil contains more ions such as aluminum and iron, and elements such as calcium and magnesium are relatively less, and meanwhile, southern areas have the characteristics of high temperature, much rain, serious nutrient loss and the like, the conditioner with the neutralization function is not very suitable for southern areas.
CN105950166A discloses an ecological soil conditioner for improving acid soil and a preparation method thereof, wherein the disclosed soil conditioner can improve acid soil to a certain extent, but the improvement effect is not significant enough, and sodium alginate and tamarind seed polysaccharide gum are coated on the surface of particles prepared from other raw materials during preparation, thereby increasing the working procedures.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop an acid soil conditioner capable of improving soil acidity and promoting crop growth and yield, and especially suitable for acid soil such as vegetable fields, orchards, paddy fields and the like planted in south for many years, so as to make up for the effectiveness and limitation of the existing conditioner.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the acid soil conditioner which has a reasonable formula, has the effects of adjusting the pH value of soil, improving the physical and chemical properties and microbial environment of the soil and promoting the growth of crops, and is suitable for acid soil such as vegetable fields, orchards, rice fields and the like which are planted in south continuously for many years.
The invention provides an acid soil conditioner which comprises industrial waste, mineral raw materials and SE functional substances, wherein the SE functional substances comprise saccharifying enzyme treatment substances, amino acid biochar and one or more of alginic acid, polyaspartic acid, polyglutamic acid and potassium fulvate.
In the technical scheme, the industrial waste, the mineral raw materials and the combined SE functional substances are matched to provide appropriate contents of organic matters, humic acid, calcium, magnesium and other components, effectively adjust the pH value of the soil, neutralize free acid, recover the granular structure of the soil, increase the content of the organic matters, improve the water retention, fertility enhancement and air permeability of the soil, improve the microenvironment of the rhizosphere soil of plants, and promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients, so that the dual effects of improving the soil and promoting the growth of crops are realized.
Preferably, the mineral raw material is one or more of lignite, turfy soil, red mud and bentonite.
Preferably, the industrial waste is one or more of gasified fine slag, gasified coarse slag, boiler coarse ash and boiler fine ash.
In the technical scheme, the lignite, the turfy soil, the red mud and the bentonite are cheap and easy to obtain, and can provide required mineral elements. The gasified fine slag, the gasified coarse slag, the boiler coarse ash and the boiler fine ash are common forms of industrial waste, are easy to obtain, and provide an optional way for solving the industrial waste.
Preferably, the acid soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by mass: 10-30 parts of gasified fine slag, 5-20 parts of gasified coarse slag, 1-15 parts of boiler coarse ash, 10-30 parts of boiler fine ash, 10-30 parts of lignite, 1-15 parts of turfy soil, 1-15 parts of red mud, 1-15 parts of bentonite and 10-20 parts of SE functional substances.
In the technical scheme, experiments show that the acidic soil conditioner prepared by mixing the components according to a specific proportion has better effects of adjusting the pH value of soil, improving the physical and chemical properties and microbial environment of soil and promoting the growth of crops.
Preferably, the SE functional substance consists of alginic acid, polyaspartic acid, amino acid biochar, and a saccharifying enzyme treatment. More preferably, the SE functional substance comprises 1-4 parts by mass of alginic acid, 3-6 parts by mass of polyaspartic acid, 3-5 parts by mass of amino acid biochar and 3-5 parts by mass of a saccharifying enzyme treatment substance.
In the technical scheme, when the SE functional substance consists of alginic acid, polyaspartic acid, amino acid biochar and a saccharifying enzyme treatment substance, and the proportion of the components is in the range, the obtained acidic soil conditioner has better effects of improving the pH value of soil and increasing the yield of crops.
Preferably, the SE functional substance consists of potassium fulvate, polyglutamic acid, amino acid biochar, and a saccharifying enzyme treatment. More preferably, the SE functional substance comprises 3-6 parts by mass of potassium fulvate, 2-5 parts by mass of polyglutamic acid, 2-4 parts by mass of amino acid biochar and 3-5 parts by mass of saccharifying enzyme treatment substance.
In the technical scheme, when the SE functional substance consists of potassium fulvate, polyglutamic acid, amino acid biochar and a saccharifying enzyme treatment substance, and the proportion of the components is in the range, the obtained acidic soil conditioner has better effects of improving the pH of soil and increasing the yield of crops.
Preferably, the acid soil conditioner is columnar particles with the length of 8-12 mm and the particle size of 3-5 mm.
In the technical scheme, the acid soil conditioner is prepared into the particles with the sizes, so that the acid soil conditioner is more beneficial to application and acting on soil, and the expected effect is achieved.
Preferably, the pH value of the acid soil conditioner is 10-12. Is more beneficial to neutralizing acid soil and adjusting pH.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the acid soil conditioner, which comprises the following steps: and (2) crushing, sieving, mixing, granulating, drying and cooling the components of the acid soil conditioner to obtain the acid soil conditioner.
The preparation method has simple process, does not need to wrap certain components on the outer layer as in the prior art, and can also achieve good effect.
The invention also provides an application of the acid soil conditioner, and the application amount of the acid soil conditioner is 2250-3000 kg/hm during acid soil regulation2。
In the technical scheme, the application amount is controlled within the range, so that the effects of improving soil and promoting crop growth can be achieved, and resource waste or secondary pollution can not be caused. The specific application rate in the practical application can be selected within the range according to the soil acidification degree, the soil type, the climate and the kind of the planted crops.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the acid soil conditioner comprises industrial waste, mineral raw materials and SE functional substances, has a pH value of 10-12, can effectively adjust the pH value of soil, neutralize free acid and passivate active aluminum, and solves the problem of acid and toxicity of soil;
(2) the humic acid-rich organic fertilizer is rich in humic acid and organic matters, can effectively improve soil, recovers the granular structure of the soil, increases the content of the organic matters, and improves the water retention, fertility enhancement and air permeability of the soil; improving the microenvironment of plant rhizosphere soil, enhancing the activity of root systems and promoting the absorption and utilization of nutrients; the stress resistance (diseases, insects, drought and the like) of crops is improved, and the premature senility of the crops is effectively prevented;
(3) the fertilizer is rich in nutrient elements commonly lacking in acid soils such as calcium, magnesium and the like, thereby improving the crop yield and improving the quality of agricultural products;
(4) simple preparation, convenient application, no influence of wind power and suitability for mechanized operation.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an acid soil conditioner which comprises, by mass, 20 parts of gasified fine slag, 10 parts of boiler coarse ash, 23 parts of boiler fine ash, 9 parts of red mud, 12 parts of bentonite, 8 parts of alginic acid, 4 parts of a saccharifying enzyme treatment substance and 6 parts of amino acid biochar.
The preparation method of the acid soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively crushing, grinding, air drying and sieving the raw materials for later use;
(2) preparing according to the proportion of the raw materials, and uniformly mixing and stirring;
(3) extruding and granulating the uniformly mixed materials to obtain columnar particles with the length of 8-12 mm and the particle size of 3-5 mm;
(4) and (4) rounding the extruded particles, drying, cooling, screening, and finally bagging to obtain the finished product.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an acid soil conditioner which comprises, by mass, 15 parts of gasified fine slag, 12 parts of gasified coarse slag, 7 parts of boiler coarse ash, 20 parts of boiler fine ash, 20 parts of lignite, 8 parts of red mud, 10 parts of bentonite, 6 parts of polyglutamic acid, 5 parts of saccharifying enzyme treatment substance and 5 parts of amino acid biochar. The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an acid soil conditioner which comprises, by mass, 15 parts of gasified fine slag, 10 parts of gasified coarse slag, 5 parts of boiler coarse ash, 12 parts of boiler fine ash, 13 parts of lignite, 5 parts of turfy soil, 6 parts of red mud, 10 parts of bentonite, 6 parts of potassium fulvate, 4 parts of polyglutamic acid, 3 parts of amino acid biochar and 5 parts of saccharifying enzyme treatment product. The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 4
The embodiment provides an acid soil conditioner which comprises, by mass, 10 parts of gasified fine slag, 15 parts of gasified coarse slag, 7 parts of boiler coarse ash, 14 parts of boiler fine ash, 16 parts of lignite, 8 parts of turfy soil, 4 parts of red mud, 8 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of alginic acid, 6 parts of polyaspartic acid, 5 parts of amino acid biochar and 5 parts of saccharifying enzyme treatment product. The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Application example 1
The acid soil conditioner of the example was applied to facility vegetable field acid soil. The specific design is as follows: the test stage comprises a blank group and a treatment group, wherein the treatment groups 1 to 4 refer to the conditioner obtained in the examples 1 to 4, the conditioner is applied for 5 times according to the integral application rate of 15g/kg, and other nutrient elements are equally applied according to the test condition, as shown in Table 1.
After three continuous culture tests, the effect of improving the soil of the facility vegetable field is shown in table 2, the original pH value of the soil of the facility vegetable field is 4.6, the pH value can be increased to 5.5 after the conditioner is applied once, and the maximum pH value of the soil can be increased to 5.9 after the conditioner is applied for three times.
Table 1 experimental conditions set up
TABLE 2 improvement Effect of the acid soil conditioner of the present invention
Application example 2
The acid soil conditioner of the example was applied to the acid soil of a facility vegetable field to perform a pot test for a period of 20 days. The specific design is as follows: the test stage comprises a blank group and a treatment group, wherein the treatment groups 1 to 4 refer to the conditioner obtained in the examples 1 to 4, the conditioner is applied for 5 times according to the integral application rate of 15g/kg, and other nutrient elements are equally applied according to the test condition, as shown in Table 1.
The influence of the acidic soil conditioner of the present invention on soil pH, rate of emergence of canola and dry matter mass was analyzed and the results are shown in table 3. After the acid soil conditioner is applied, the pH value of the soil of the facility vegetable field is increased to about 5.9 from the original 4.6; the emergence rate is improved from 65 percent to about 94 percent; the quality of the dry matter is approximately doubled, which shows that the conditioner promotes the absorption of the crop to the nutrient elements and improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer.
TABLE 3 improvement Effect of the acid soil conditioner of the present invention
Application example 3
The acid soil conditioner of the example was applied to the acid soil of a facility vegetable field for a tomato field test over a period of 45 days. The specific design is as follows: the test stage comprises a blank group and a treatment group, wherein the treatment groups 1-4 refer to the conditioner obtained in the examples 1-4, and the conditioner is added at the integral application rate of 2250kg/hm according to the actual adding situation and the economic cost in the actual production2Additions were made 5 times in parallel per treatment, with other nutrient elements being applied equally as set up in the test conditions, as shown in table 1.
The effect of the acidic soil conditioner of the present invention on soil pH, tomato yield, dry matter quality was analyzed and the results are shown in table 4. After the acid soil conditioner is applied, the pH value of the soil of the facility vegetable field is increased to about 5.1 from the original 4.6; the tomato yield is improved by nearly 20 percent, and the yield increasing effect is obvious; the dry matter is increased by about 50 percent, which shows that the conditioner promotes the absorption of the crop to nutrient elements and improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer.
TABLE 4 acid soil conditioner improving effect of the present invention
Finally, the method of the present invention is only a preferred embodiment and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An acid soil conditioner is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 10-30 parts of gasified fine slag, 5-20 parts of gasified coarse slag, 1-15 parts of boiler coarse ash, 10-30 parts of boiler fine ash, 10-30 parts of lignite, 1-15 parts of turfy soil, 1-15 parts of red mud, 1-15 parts of bentonite and 10-20 parts of SE functional substances;
the SE functional substance comprises 1-4 parts of alginic acid, 3-6 parts of polyaspartic acid, 3-5 parts of amino acid biochar and 3-5 parts of saccharifying enzyme treatment substance.
2. The acidic soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the SE functional substance is replaced by 3-6 parts of potassium fulvate, 2-5 parts of polyglutamic acid, 2-4 parts of amino acid biochar and 3-5 parts of saccharifying enzyme treatment substance.
3. The acid soil conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the acid soil conditioner is a columnar granule with a length of 8-12 mm and a particle size of 3-5 mm.
4. The acid soil conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pH value of the acid soil conditioner is 10 to 12.
5. The method for preparing an acidic soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising: and (2) crushing, sieving, mixing, granulating, drying and cooling the components of the acid soil conditioner to obtain the acid soil conditioner.
6. The use of an acid soil conditioner as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the acid soil conditioner is applied in an amount of 2250 to 3000kg/hm2。
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| CN109020724A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2018-12-18 | 鄂尔多斯市亿鼎生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN111138225A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-12 | 肖免 | Soil nutrition conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111269724B (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2021-12-24 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Preparation method of acidic soil remediation agent, prepared soil remediation agent and application |
| CN111635766B (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-08-10 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Method for acidifying soil conditioner by using vinasse production facility and application |
| CN111533611A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-08-14 | 西安众民生物化工有限公司 | Structured special fertilizer containing polyglutamic acid |
| CN112111282B (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2021-08-17 | 国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司 | Soil conditioner, application thereof and soil conditioning and/or soil remediation method |
| CN112430171A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-02 | 山东农业大学 | Method for improving acidified soil by using gasified slag and acidified soil conditioner |
| CN113956095B (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2023-09-01 | 成都华宏生物科技有限公司 | Nutritional biological water-retaining agent composition and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114907859B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-07-07 | 中国农业大学 | Organic-inorganic acid soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115197711A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-10-18 | 河南柏裕植物免疫科技有限公司 | Root system restoration liquid for preventing solanaceous fruits from senilism |
| CN115650801A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2023-01-31 | 伊犁哈萨克自治州林业科学研究院 | Soil conditioner rich in fulvic acid potassium |
| CN115536476B (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-02-13 | 山东农大肥业科技股份有限公司 | Soil conditioning composition capable of quickly and long-term improving soil acidification and preparation method thereof |
| CN115724698A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-03 | 中昇南阳生物科技有限公司 | Acidic soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN117296670B (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2024-03-12 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Reconstructed soil for dumping site and preparation method and application thereof |
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| US4985060A (en) * | 1985-07-04 | 1991-01-15 | Saken Corporation | Soil conditioners |
| CN101747090B (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2012-10-24 | 云南省化工研究院 | Method for preparing calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer by utilizing phosphorite flotation tailing blast furnace method |
| CN107226762A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-10-03 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of nutrition slow-release type acidic soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
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