CN112745173A - Cadmium-reducing soil improvement functional organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Cadmium-reducing soil improvement functional organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN112745173A CN112745173A CN202110166627.4A CN202110166627A CN112745173A CN 112745173 A CN112745173 A CN 112745173A CN 202110166627 A CN202110166627 A CN 202110166627A CN 112745173 A CN112745173 A CN 112745173A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of organic fertilizers, and provides a functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12-16 parts of modified zeolite, 2-4 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 2-4 parts of algae powder, 12-16 parts of modified humic acid, 20-40 parts of crop straw, 30-50 parts of livestock manure, 10-14 parts of urea and 4-8 parts of diammonium phosphate; according to the invention, the organic fertilizer can have a good adsorption effect on cadmium in soil by modifying zeolite and algae powder; in addition, cadmium in the soil can be further adsorbed and passivated by the combined action of the composite microbial inoculum and the modified humic acid, and the soil nutrient adjusting function is realized, so that the cadmium absorption of crops can be effectively inhibited.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to a functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil.
Background
The organic fertilizer is mainly from plants and/or animals, is a carbon-containing material which is applied to soil to provide plant nutrition and has the main function, is prepared by processing biological substances, animal and plant wastes and plant residues, eliminates toxic and harmful substances in the organic fertilizer, is rich in a large amount of beneficial substances, and is a main nutrient for green food production. Due to unreasonable industrial discharge, poor treatment of solid wastes (particularly municipal wastes), sewage irrigation, sludge agriculture, application of fertilizers containing heavy metal elements and the like, the content of heavy metal cadmium in soil is increased sharply, so that cadmium pollution of farmlands is increased day by day, and the growth of crops is influenced by a large amount of cadmium contained in the farmlands, and meanwhile, human beings eating the crops are harmed. The soil improvement mainly refers to the action of improving soil by means of physics, chemistry or microorganisms, the soil conditioning can be carried out by applying a soil conditioner at present, and the reduction effect of the existing organic fertilizer on cadmium in the soil is not obvious, so that the organic fertilizer with a good reduction effect on cadmium in the soil needs to be invented.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a cadmium-reducing soil improvement functional organic fertilizer which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
12-16 parts of modified zeolite, 2-4 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 2-4 parts of algae powder, 12-16 parts of modified humic acid, 20-40 parts of crop straw, 30-50 parts of livestock manure, 10-14 parts of urea and 4-8 parts of diammonium phosphate.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
13-15 parts of modified zeolite, 2.5-3.5 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 2.5-3.5 parts of algae powder, 13-15 parts of modified humic acid, 25-35 parts of crop straw, 35-45 parts of livestock manure, 11-13 parts of urea and 5-7 parts of diammonium phosphate.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
14 parts of modified zeolite, 3 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 3 parts of algae powder, 14 parts of modified humic acid, 30 parts of crop straw, 30 parts of livestock manure, 12 parts of urea and 6 parts of diammonium phosphate.
Preferably, the modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: crushing zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the zeolite into a beaker, adding 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution which is 8-10 times of the mass of the zeolite into the beaker with the zeolite, then heating the beaker in a water bath for 4-5h at 60-70 ℃, filtering and pouring out supernatant, and then washing the supernatant for 3-5 times by using deionized water to obtain the modified zeolite.
Preferably, the algae powder is prepared by the following method: and (3) putting the algae strains into an f/2 culture medium for expansion culture, then carrying out centrifugal collection, carrying out freeze drying after collection, and crushing to obtain algae powder.
Preferably, the modified humic acid is prepared by the following method: firstly, smashing humic acid powder, then sieving the smashed humic acid powder with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the smashed humic acid powder into a heating furnace for heating to the heating temperature of 400-plus-500 ℃, heating for 50-70min, then cooling, then placing the cooled humic acid powder into a calcium chloride solution for soaking for 120-plus-140 min, then carrying out suction filtration, then soaking for 5-10min by using a sodium nitrate solution, then carrying out suction filtration, and then continuously soaking and suction filtration for 3 times by using distilled water to obtain a solid for freeze drying for later use.
Preferably, the complex microbial inoculum comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial inoculum is 1: 1-2.
Preferably, the number of viable bacteria of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 2-2.5 hundred million per gram.
Preferably, the algae powder is chaetoceros powder.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a cadmium-reducing soil improvement functional organic fertilizer, which can have good adsorption effect on cadmium in soil by modified zeolite and algae powder; in addition, cadmium in the soil can be further adsorbed and passivated by the combined action of the composite microbial inoculum and the modified humic acid, and the soil nutrient adjusting function is realized, so that the cadmium absorption of crops can be effectively inhibited.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The existing organic fertilizer has an unobvious effect on reducing cadmium in soil, so that the organic fertilizer with a good effect on reducing cadmium in soil needs to be invented; according to the invention, cadmium in soil can be further adsorbed and passivated by the combined action of the composite microbial inoculum and the modified humic acid, and the soil nutrient adjusting function is realized, so that the cadmium absorption of crops can be effectively inhibited.
Example 1
A functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
12 parts of modified zeolite, 2 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 2 parts of algae powder, 12 parts of modified humic acid, 20 parts of crop straw, 30 parts of livestock manure, 10 parts of urea and 4 parts of diammonium phosphate; the composite microbial agent comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis, the mass ratio of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 1: 1, the number of viable bacteria of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 2 hundred million per gram, and the algae powder is chaetoceros powder.
The modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: crushing zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the zeolite into a beaker, adding 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution which is 8 times of the mass of the zeolite into the beaker with the zeolite, then heating the beaker in water bath for 4 hours at 60 ℃, filtering and pouring out supernatant, and then washing the supernatant for 3 times by using deionized water to obtain the modified zeolite.
The chaetoceros powder is prepared by the following method: and (3) putting the chaetoceros strain into an f/2 culture medium for amplification culture, then carrying out centrifugal collection, carrying out freeze drying after collection, and crushing to obtain the chaetoceros powder.
The modified humic acid is prepared by the following method: firstly, smashing humic acid powder, then sieving the smashed humic acid powder with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the smashed humic acid powder into a heating furnace for heating to 400 ℃, heating for 50min, then cooling, then placing the cooled humic acid powder into a calcium chloride solution for soaking for 120min, then carrying out suction filtration, then soaking for 5min by using a sodium nitrate solution, then carrying out suction filtration, and then continuously soaking and carrying out suction filtration by using distilled water for 3 times to obtain a solid for freeze drying and standby.
Example 2
A functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
13 parts of modified zeolite, 2.5 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 2.5 parts of algae powder, 13 parts of modified humic acid, 25 parts of crop straw, 35 parts of livestock manure, 11 parts of urea and 5 parts of diammonium phosphate; the composite microbial agent comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis, the mass ratio of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 1: 1, the number of viable bacteria of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 2 hundred million per gram, and the algae powder is chaetoceros powder.
The modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: crushing zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the zeolite into a beaker, adding 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution which is 8 times of the mass of the zeolite into the beaker with the zeolite, then heating the beaker in water bath for 4 hours at 60 ℃, filtering and pouring out supernatant, and then washing the supernatant for 3 times by using deionized water to obtain the modified zeolite.
The chaetoceros powder is prepared by the following method: and (3) putting the chaetoceros strain into an f/2 culture medium for amplification culture, then carrying out centrifugal collection, carrying out freeze drying after collection, and crushing to obtain the chaetoceros powder.
The modified humic acid is prepared by the following method: firstly, smashing humic acid powder, then sieving the smashed humic acid powder with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the smashed humic acid powder into a heating furnace for heating to 400 ℃, heating for 50min, then cooling, then placing the cooled humic acid powder into a calcium chloride solution for soaking for 120min, then carrying out suction filtration, then soaking for 5min by using a sodium nitrate solution, then carrying out suction filtration, and then continuously soaking and carrying out suction filtration by using distilled water for 3 times to obtain a solid for freeze drying and standby.
Example 3
A functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
14 parts of modified zeolite, 3 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 3 parts of algae powder, 14 parts of modified humic acid, 30 parts of crop straw, 40 parts of livestock manure, 12 parts of urea and 6 parts of diammonium phosphate; the composite microbial agent comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis, the mass ratio of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 1: 1, the number of viable bacteria of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 2 hundred million per gram, and the algae powder is chaetoceros powder.
The modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: crushing zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the zeolite into a beaker, adding 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution which is 8 times of the mass of the zeolite into the beaker with the zeolite, then heating the beaker in water bath for 4 hours at 60 ℃, filtering and pouring out supernatant, and then washing the supernatant for 3 times by using deionized water to obtain the modified zeolite.
The chaetoceros powder is prepared by the following method: and (3) putting the chaetoceros strain into an f/2 culture medium for amplification culture, then carrying out centrifugal collection, carrying out freeze drying after collection, and crushing to obtain the chaetoceros powder.
The modified humic acid is prepared by the following method: firstly, smashing humic acid powder, then sieving the smashed humic acid powder with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the smashed humic acid powder into a heating furnace for heating to 400 ℃, heating for 50min, then cooling, then placing the cooled humic acid powder into a calcium chloride solution for soaking for 120min, then carrying out suction filtration, then soaking for 5min by using a sodium nitrate solution, then carrying out suction filtration, and then continuously soaking and carrying out suction filtration by using distilled water for 3 times to obtain a solid for freeze drying and standby.
Example 4
A functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
15 parts of modified zeolite, 3.5 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 3.5 parts of algae powder, 15 parts of modified humic acid, 35 parts of crop straw, 45 parts of livestock manure, 13 parts of urea and 7 parts of diammonium phosphate; the composite microbial agent comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis, the mass ratio of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 1: 1, the viable count of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 2.5 hundred million per gram, and the algae powder is chaetoceros powder.
The modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: crushing zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the zeolite into a beaker, adding a sodium hydroxide solution which is 10 times of the weight of the zeolite and is 2mol/L of the zeolite into the beaker with the zeolite, then heating the beaker in a water bath for 4-5h at 70 ℃, filtering and pouring out supernatant, and then washing the supernatant for 5 times by using deionized water to obtain the modified zeolite.
The chaetoceros powder is prepared by the following method: and (3) putting the chaetoceros strain into an f/2 culture medium for amplification culture, then carrying out centrifugal collection, carrying out freeze drying after collection, and crushing to obtain the chaetoceros powder.
The modified humic acid is prepared by the following method: firstly, smashing humic acid powder, then sieving the smashed humic acid powder with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the smashed humic acid powder into a heating furnace for heating, enabling the heating temperature to be 500 ℃, heating for 70min, then cooling, then placing the cooled humic acid powder into a calcium chloride solution for soaking for 140min, then carrying out suction filtration, then soaking for 10min by using a sodium nitrate solution, then carrying out suction filtration, and then continuously soaking and carrying out suction filtration by using distilled water for 3 times, thus obtaining a solid for freeze drying and standby.
Example 5
A functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
16 parts of modified zeolite, 4 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 4 parts of algae powder, 16 parts of modified humic acid, 40 parts of crop straw, 50 parts of livestock manure, 14 parts of urea and 8 parts of diammonium phosphate; the composite microbial agent comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis, the mass ratio of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 1: 1, the number of viable bacteria of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 2.3 hundred million per gram, and the algae powder is chaetoceros powder.
The modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: crushing zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the zeolite into a beaker, adding a 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution which is 10 times of the mass of the zeolite into the beaker with the zeolite, then heating the beaker in a water bath for 4.5 hours at 65 ℃, filtering and pouring out supernatant, and then washing the supernatant with deionized water for 4 times to obtain the modified zeolite.
The chaetoceros powder is prepared by the following method: and (3) putting the chaetoceros strain into an f/2 culture medium for amplification culture, then carrying out centrifugal collection, carrying out freeze drying after collection, and crushing to obtain the chaetoceros powder.
The modified humic acid is prepared by the following method: firstly, smashing humic acid powder, then sieving the smashed humic acid powder with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the sieved humic acid powder into a heating furnace for heating to the heating temperature of 450 ℃, heating for 60min, then cooling, then placing the cooled humic acid powder into a calcium chloride solution for soaking for 130min, then carrying out suction filtration, then soaking for 9min by using a sodium nitrate solution, then carrying out suction filtration, and then continuously soaking and carrying out suction filtration by using distilled water for 3 times to obtain a solid for freeze drying and standby.
Example 6
A functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
16 parts of modified zeolite, 4 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 4 parts of algae powder, 16 parts of modified humic acid, 40 parts of crop straw, 50 parts of livestock manure, 14 parts of urea and 8 parts of diammonium phosphate; the composite microbial agent comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis, the mass ratio of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 1: 1, the number of viable bacteria of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 2.5 hundred million per gram, and the algae powder is chaetoceros powder.
The modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: crushing zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the zeolite into a beaker, adding a sodium hydroxide solution which is 10 times of the mass of the zeolite and is 2mol/L of the zeolite into the beaker with the zeolite, then heating the beaker in a water bath for 5 hours at 70 ℃, filtering, pouring out a supernatant, and then washing with deionized water for 5 times to obtain the modified zeolite.
The chaetoceros powder is prepared by the following method: and (3) putting the chaetoceros strain into an f/2 culture medium for amplification culture, then carrying out centrifugal collection, carrying out freeze drying after collection, and crushing to obtain the chaetoceros powder.
The modified humic acid is prepared by the following method: firstly, smashing humic acid powder, then sieving the smashed humic acid powder with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the smashed humic acid powder into a heating furnace for heating, enabling the heating temperature to be 500 ℃, heating for 70min, then cooling, then placing the cooled humic acid powder into a calcium chloride solution for soaking for 140min, then carrying out suction filtration, then soaking for 10min by using a sodium nitrate solution, then carrying out suction filtration, and then continuously soaking and carrying out suction filtration by using distilled water for 3 times, thus obtaining a solid for freeze drying and standby.
Example 7
A functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
16 parts of modified zeolite, 4 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 4 parts of algae powder, 16 parts of modified humic acid, 40 parts of crop straw, 50 parts of livestock manure, 14 parts of urea and 8 parts of diammonium phosphate; the composite microbial agent comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis, the mass ratio of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 1: 1.2, the number of viable bacteria of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 2.5 hundred million per gram, and the algae powder is chaetoceros powder.
The modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: crushing zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the zeolite into a beaker, adding a sodium hydroxide solution which is 10 times of the mass of the zeolite and is 2mol/L of the zeolite into the beaker with the zeolite, then heating the beaker in a water bath for 5 hours at 70 ℃, filtering, pouring out a supernatant, and then washing with deionized water for 5 times to obtain the modified zeolite.
The chaetoceros powder is prepared by the following method: and (3) putting the chaetoceros strain into an f/2 culture medium for amplification culture, then carrying out centrifugal collection, carrying out freeze drying after collection, and crushing to obtain the chaetoceros powder.
The modified humic acid is prepared by the following method: firstly, smashing humic acid powder, then sieving the smashed humic acid powder with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the smashed humic acid powder into a heating furnace for heating, enabling the heating temperature to be 500 ℃, heating for 70min, then cooling, then placing the cooled humic acid powder into a calcium chloride solution for soaking for 140min, then carrying out suction filtration, then soaking for 10min by using a sodium nitrate solution, then carrying out suction filtration, and then continuously soaking and carrying out suction filtration by using distilled water for 3 times, thus obtaining a solid for freeze drying and standby.
Example 8
A functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
16 parts of modified zeolite, 4 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 4 parts of algae powder, 16 parts of modified humic acid, 40 parts of crop straw, 50 parts of livestock manure, 14 parts of urea and 8 parts of diammonium phosphate; the composite microbial agent comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis, the mass ratio of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 1: 1.4, the viable count of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 2.5 hundred million per gram, and the algae powder is chaetoceros powder.
The modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: crushing zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the zeolite into a beaker, adding a sodium hydroxide solution which is 10 times of the mass of the zeolite and is 2mol/L of the zeolite into the beaker with the zeolite, then heating the beaker in a water bath for 5 hours at 70 ℃, filtering, pouring out a supernatant, and then washing with deionized water for 5 times to obtain the modified zeolite.
The chaetoceros powder is prepared by the following method: and (3) putting the chaetoceros strain into an f/2 culture medium for amplification culture, then carrying out centrifugal collection, carrying out freeze drying after collection, and crushing to obtain the chaetoceros powder.
The modified humic acid is prepared by the following method: firstly, smashing humic acid powder, then sieving the smashed humic acid powder with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the smashed humic acid powder into a heating furnace for heating, enabling the heating temperature to be 500 ℃, heating for 70min, then cooling, then placing the cooled humic acid powder into a calcium chloride solution for soaking for 140min, then carrying out suction filtration, then soaking for 10min by using a sodium nitrate solution, then carrying out suction filtration, and then continuously soaking and carrying out suction filtration by using distilled water for 3 times, thus obtaining a solid for freeze drying and standby.
Example 9
A functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
16 parts of modified zeolite, 4 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 4 parts of algae powder, 16 parts of modified humic acid, 40 parts of crop straw, 50 parts of livestock manure, 14 parts of urea and 8 parts of diammonium phosphate; the composite microbial agent comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis, the mass ratio of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 1: 1.6, the viable count of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 2.5 hundred million per gram, and the algae powder is chaetoceros powder.
The modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: crushing zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the zeolite into a beaker, adding a sodium hydroxide solution which is 10 times of the mass of the zeolite and is 2mol/L of the zeolite into the beaker with the zeolite, then heating the beaker in a water bath for 5 hours at 70 ℃, filtering, pouring out a supernatant, and then washing with deionized water for 5 times to obtain the modified zeolite.
The chaetoceros powder is prepared by the following method: and (3) putting the chaetoceros strain into an f/2 culture medium for amplification culture, then carrying out centrifugal collection, carrying out freeze drying after collection, and crushing to obtain the chaetoceros powder.
The modified humic acid is prepared by the following method: firstly, smashing humic acid powder, then sieving the smashed humic acid powder with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the smashed humic acid powder into a heating furnace for heating, enabling the heating temperature to be 500 ℃, heating for 70min, then cooling, then placing the cooled humic acid powder into a calcium chloride solution for soaking for 140min, then carrying out suction filtration, then soaking for 10min by using a sodium nitrate solution, then carrying out suction filtration, and then continuously soaking and carrying out suction filtration by using distilled water for 3 times, thus obtaining a solid for freeze drying and standby.
Example 10
A functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
16 parts of modified zeolite, 4 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 4 parts of algae powder, 16 parts of modified humic acid, 40 parts of crop straw, 50 parts of livestock manure, 14 parts of urea and 8 parts of diammonium phosphate; the composite microbial agent comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis, the mass ratio of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 1: 1.8, the viable count of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 2.5 hundred million per gram, and the algae powder is chaetoceros powder.
The modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: crushing zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the zeolite into a beaker, adding a sodium hydroxide solution which is 10 times of the mass of the zeolite and is 2mol/L of the zeolite into the beaker with the zeolite, then heating the beaker in a water bath for 5 hours at 70 ℃, filtering, pouring out a supernatant, and then washing with deionized water for 5 times to obtain the modified zeolite.
The chaetoceros powder is prepared by the following method: and (3) putting the chaetoceros strain into an f/2 culture medium for amplification culture, then carrying out centrifugal collection, carrying out freeze drying after collection, and crushing to obtain the chaetoceros powder.
The modified humic acid is prepared by the following method: firstly, smashing humic acid powder, then sieving the smashed humic acid powder with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the smashed humic acid powder into a heating furnace for heating, enabling the heating temperature to be 500 ℃, heating for 70min, then cooling, then placing the cooled humic acid powder into a calcium chloride solution for soaking for 140min, then carrying out suction filtration, then soaking for 10min by using a sodium nitrate solution, then carrying out suction filtration, and then continuously soaking and carrying out suction filtration by using distilled water for 3 times, thus obtaining a solid for freeze drying and standby.
Example 11
A functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
16 parts of modified zeolite, 4 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 4 parts of algae powder, 16 parts of modified humic acid, 40 parts of crop straw, 50 parts of livestock manure, 14 parts of urea and 8 parts of diammonium phosphate; the composite microbial agent comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis, the mass ratio of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 1: 2, the viable count of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 2.5 hundred million per gram, and the algae powder is chaetoceros powder.
The modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: crushing zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the zeolite into a beaker, adding a sodium hydroxide solution which is 10 times of the mass of the zeolite and is 2mol/L of the zeolite into the beaker with the zeolite, then heating the beaker in a water bath for 5 hours at 70 ℃, filtering, pouring out a supernatant, and then washing with deionized water for 5 times to obtain the modified zeolite.
The chaetoceros powder is prepared by the following method: and (3) putting the chaetoceros strain into an f/2 culture medium for amplification culture, then carrying out centrifugal collection, carrying out freeze drying after collection, and crushing to obtain the chaetoceros powder.
The modified humic acid is prepared by the following method: firstly, smashing humic acid powder, then sieving the smashed humic acid powder with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the smashed humic acid powder into a heating furnace for heating, enabling the heating temperature to be 500 ℃, heating for 70min, then cooling, then placing the cooled humic acid powder into a calcium chloride solution for soaking for 140min, then carrying out suction filtration, then soaking for 10min by using a sodium nitrate solution, then carrying out suction filtration, and then continuously soaking and carrying out suction filtration by using distilled water for 3 times, thus obtaining a solid for freeze drying and standby.
Comparative example 1
A functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
16 parts of modified zeolite, 4 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 4 parts of algae powder, 40 parts of crop straw, 50 parts of livestock manure, 14 parts of urea and 8 parts of diammonium phosphate; the composite microbial agent comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis, the mass ratio of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 1: 1.6, the viable count of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 2.5 hundred million per gram, and the algae powder is chaetoceros powder.
The modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: crushing zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the zeolite into a beaker, adding a sodium hydroxide solution which is 10 times of the mass of the zeolite and is 2mol/L of the zeolite into the beaker with the zeolite, then heating the beaker in a water bath for 5 hours at 70 ℃, filtering, pouring out a supernatant, and then washing with deionized water for 5 times to obtain the modified zeolite.
The chaetoceros powder is prepared by the following method: and (3) putting the chaetoceros strain into an f/2 culture medium for amplification culture, then carrying out centrifugal collection, carrying out freeze drying after collection, and crushing to obtain the chaetoceros powder.
Comparative example 2
A functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
16 parts of modified zeolite, 4 parts of algae powder, 16 parts of modified humic acid, 40 parts of crop straws, 50 parts of livestock manure, 14 parts of urea and 8 parts of diammonium phosphate; the algae powder is chaetoceros powder.
The modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: crushing zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the zeolite into a beaker, adding a sodium hydroxide solution which is 10 times of the mass of the zeolite and is 2mol/L of the zeolite into the beaker with the zeolite, then heating the beaker in a water bath for 5 hours at 70 ℃, filtering, pouring out a supernatant, and then washing with deionized water for 5 times to obtain the modified zeolite.
The chaetoceros powder is prepared by the following method: and (3) putting the chaetoceros strain into an f/2 culture medium for amplification culture, then carrying out centrifugal collection, carrying out freeze drying after collection, and crushing to obtain the chaetoceros powder.
The modified humic acid is prepared by the following method: firstly, smashing humic acid powder, then, sieving the smashed humic acid powder with a 200-mesh sieve, then, putting the sieved humic acid powder into a heating furnace for heating to 500 ℃, heating for 70min, then, cooling, then, putting the cooled humic acid powder into a calcium chloride solution for soaking for 140 rmin, then, carrying out suction filtration, then, soaking for 10min by using a sodium nitrate solution, then, carrying out suction filtration, and then, continuously, soaking and suction filtration by using distilled water for 3 times, thus obtaining a solid for freeze drying and standby application.
Comparative example 3
A functional organic fertilizer for improving cadmium-reduced soil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
16 parts of modified zeolite, 4 parts of algae powder, 16 parts of modified humic acid, 40 parts of crop straws, 50 parts of livestock manure, 14 parts of urea and 8 parts of diammonium phosphate, wherein the algae powder is chaetoceros powder.
The modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: crushing zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the zeolite into a beaker, adding a sodium hydroxide solution which is 10 times of the mass of the zeolite and is 2mol/L of the zeolite into the beaker with the zeolite, then heating the beaker in a water bath for 5 hours at 70 ℃, filtering, pouring out a supernatant, and then washing with deionized water for 5 times to obtain the modified zeolite.
The chaetoceros powder is prepared by the following method: and (3) putting the chaetoceros strain into an f/2 culture medium for amplification culture, then carrying out centrifugal collection, carrying out freeze drying after collection, and crushing to obtain the chaetoceros powder.
The organic fertilizers prepared in examples 1-11 and comparative examples 1-3 were respectively sprinkled in the paddy field, and the concentration of cadmium in the soil in the effective state was measured after one week, and the concentration unit was ug/L.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
In summary, the following steps: the invention provides a cadmium-reducing soil improvement functional organic fertilizer, which can have good adsorption effect on cadmium in soil by modified zeolite and algae powder; in addition, cadmium in the soil can be further adsorbed and passivated by the combined action of the composite microbial inoculum and the modified humic acid, and the soil nutrient adjusting function is realized, so that the cadmium absorption of crops can be effectively inhibited.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The functional organic fertilizer for improving the cadmium-reduced soil is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
12-16 parts of modified zeolite, 2-4 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 2-4 parts of algae powder, 12-16 parts of modified humic acid, 20-40 parts of crop straw, 30-50 parts of livestock manure, 10-14 parts of urea and 4-8 parts of diammonium phosphate.
2. The functional organic fertilizer for reducing cadmium and improving soil as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
13-15 parts of modified zeolite, 2.5-3.5 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 2.5-3.5 parts of algae powder, 13-15 parts of modified humic acid, 25-35 parts of crop straw, 35-45 parts of livestock manure, 11-13 parts of urea and 5-7 parts of diammonium phosphate.
3. The functional organic fertilizer for reducing cadmium and improving soil as claimed in claim 2, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
14 parts of modified zeolite, 3 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 3 parts of algae powder, 14 parts of modified humic acid, 30 parts of crop straw, 30 parts of livestock manure, 12 parts of urea and 6 parts of diammonium phosphate.
4. The functional organic fertilizer for reducing cadmium and improving soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified zeolite is prepared by the following method: crushing zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, then placing the zeolite into a beaker, adding 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution which is 8-10 times of the mass of the zeolite into the beaker with the zeolite, then heating the beaker in a water bath for 4-5h at 60-70 ℃, filtering and pouring out supernatant, and then washing the supernatant for 3-5 times by using deionized water to obtain the modified zeolite.
5. The functional organic fertilizer for reducing cadmium and improving soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the algae powder is prepared by the following method: and (3) putting the algae strains into an f/2 culture medium for expansion culture, then carrying out centrifugal collection, carrying out freeze drying after collection, and crushing to obtain algae powder.
6. The functional organic fertilizer for reducing cadmium and improving soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified humic acid is prepared by the following method: firstly, smashing humic acid powder, then, sieving the smashed humic acid powder with a 200-mesh sieve, then, putting the smashed humic acid powder into a heating furnace for heating to the heating temperature of 400-plus-500 ℃, heating for 50-70min, then, cooling, then, putting the cooled humic acid powder into a calcium chloride solution for soaking for 120-plus-140 min, then, carrying out suction filtration, then, soaking for 5-10min by using a sodium nitrate solution, then, carrying out suction filtration, and then, continuously, soaking and suction filtration for 3 times by using distilled water, thus obtaining a solid for freeze drying for later use.
7. The cadmium-reducing soil improvement functional organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the complex microbial inoculum comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis.
8. The cadmium-reducing soil improvement functional organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to Bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 1: 1-2.
9. The cadmium-reducing soil improvement functional organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the viable count of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis in the composite microbial agent is 2-2.5 hundred million per gram.
10. The functional organic fertilizer for reducing cadmium and improving soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the algae powder is chaetoceros powder.
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