CN1126962A - 优质磨料砂轮 - Google Patents

优质磨料砂轮 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1126962A
CN1126962A CN95190289A CN95190289A CN1126962A CN 1126962 A CN1126962 A CN 1126962A CN 95190289 A CN95190289 A CN 95190289A CN 95190289 A CN95190289 A CN 95190289A CN 1126962 A CN1126962 A CN 1126962A
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emery wheel
arbitrary
grinding
volume
pore
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P·米歇列蒂
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Saint Gobain Abrasifs SA
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Norton SA France
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B9/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
    • B24B9/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground
    • B24B9/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain
    • B24B9/08—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of glass
    • B24B9/10—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of glass of plate glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
    • B24D3/06—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
    • B24D3/06—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements
    • B24D3/10—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements for porous or cellular structure, e.g. for use with diamonds as abrasives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Abstract

一种优质磨料砂轮，其包括非常硬的磨料颗粒和一种带有一金属基质的粘合剂，还包括“成孔”辅料，由陶瓷构成的显著的中空球珠。该砂轮可用于玻璃物品的机加工或磨削，特别是玻璃薄片边缘的磨削。

Description

优质磨料砂轮
本发明涉及所谓“优质磨料”砂轮。这一术语指的是具有非常高的磨蚀度、采用非常硬的磨料颗粒，尤其是金刚石或立方体氮化硼和一种使这些颗粒能够被保留并保持就位的粘合剂的砂轮。
这种粘合剂可以有三种类型：其可以是一种树脂，特别是一种聚酰亚胺或酚类树脂；其也可以是一种氧化铝、氧化铝硅石或碳化硅类的陶瓷基质类型的玻璃化粘合剂；粘合剂还可以以一种金属基质为基础，且本发明更为特别地涉及到的正是这第三种，因为它表现出一种特别有利的机械性能。
在磨削加工中一直存在的一个困骓是将工作过程中产生的灰尘和废物体适宜的清除。为此，将一种介质，通常为水，沿砂轮的方向输送，以便夹带走这些灰尘，当然也冷却砂轮。但由于砂轮同时磨削物品的被处理表面的整个部分，冷却液就难以向整个被处理部分移动向前。这样就造成了废屑的积聚。在处理例如玻璃制的物品时，磨削过程就系统地伴随着一层玻璃糊状物的形成，这层玻璃糊状物会阻挡砂轮的运动，而使磨削运转减慢，从而需要进行多次磨削。
本发明的目的是提供一种改进型的优质磨料砂轮，该砂轮采用金属基质的粘合剂，能够较好地处理灰尘和其它废屑的问题。
本发明的主题是一种采用非常硬的金刚石或立方体氮化硼型磨料颗粒和一种带有一种金属基质的粘合剂的优质磨料砂轮。此外，该砂轮还含有所谓“成孔”辅料。这一词的含义是其作用为在砂轮的粘合剂中产生一些孔的辅料。
与此相反，迄今为止人们一直倾向于愿意采用尽可能密实的金属粘合剂，这是试图尽可能减缓砂轮的磨损。但是，现已惊奇地发现，事实上在粘合剂的金属基质中具有某种孔“成份”是很有利的，这是因为这些孔非常显著地改善了上述磨削过程中废屑积累的问题，甚至导致砂轮寿命的延长。
这些“成孔”辅料应作为砂轮制造工艺的一函数来选择。特别是它们应能承受压力和适当的高温。这就是为什么优选采用以空心陶瓷球形式，特别是以氧化硅和/或氧化铝，例如矾石或麻来石为基的空心陶瓷球类型的辅料的原因。麻来石是一种2SiO2-3Al2O3类型的硅酸铝。这些球选择外径在1um至3mm，特别是100um至1mm之间更为有利。其壁厚优选为2um至8μm，特别是4um和6um之间。
这些成孔辅料加到砂轮中的比例优选为砂轮总体积的1至80％，特别是5至50％，或大致为所述体积的30％。
这些成孔辅料的作用方式如下：当砂轮磨损时，位于表面的空心球相继破裂，然后砂轮的表面至麻坑状；之后玻璃糊状物可能积聚在这些中空坑中而不影响磨削的进行。此外，冷却液可以在磨削轮与被处理物体的交界面处连续地向前移动，并因而能一直穿入通到这些中空坑的底部，以将玻璃糊状物(或任何其它类型灰尘)排出去，这些玻璃糊状物就这样被除去，以便使冷却液最后经过由中空珠所形成的各中空坑的底部返回。
而且这样使冷却液作用在比仅仅是磨削砂轮的边缘的表面要大得多的区域上，能够直接冷却到中空球直径的量级的深度，这就相应地增加了冷却效率，结果减缓了砂轮的磨损。
因此可以理解，空心球的壁非常薄是有益的，薄到使它们容易碎的程度，这是本发明主要寻求的目的之一。砂轮中这种中空球珠的含量应作为砂轮需磨削的物体种类的一函数而改变。
关于粘合剂的金属基质可以作为砂轮应用的一个函数选择，广泛地采用钴，也采用青铜、银(其具有相对可延展的特性)，铁或铜。
可以在这种基质中加入不同的添加剂，特别例如碳化乌，以增加砂轮的抗磨损性。
关于砂轮的磨料颗粒最好相当于砂轮总体积的5至60％，特别是所述体积的10至30％。它们可以为圆形或针状。其尺寸借助于称之为FEPA码的欧洲磨料制造商的标准码来估算，在本案中选择按照该码粒径为4至1182，这相当于“平均直径”为4um至1.100mm的颖粒。优先选用粒径为40至90。在此还是一切取决于砂轮将来的应用，最细的磨料颖粒能够获得被磨工件的最高的磨削表面质量。
按照本发明的砂轮有益于用于玻璃物品的机加工或磨削，特别是玻璃薄板的磨削。
按照本发明的一个砂轮的制造方法如下：按已知的制造方法制作一带有按体积15％的粒径为91的金刚石颗粒，且按体积30％的外径大约为0.5mm而壁厚大约为5um的空心麻来石球珠及一种钴粘合剂的砂轮。结果归纳如下：由于较好地清除废屑和较好地冷却砂轮使磨削玻璃薄板的边缘变得容易了。而且砂轮的寿命与类似的不用矾石珠的砂轮相比增加了30％。

Claims (10)

1.一种以非常硬的金刚石或立方体氮化硼型的磨料颗粒和一种具有一种金属基质的粘合剂为基础的优质磨料砂轮，其特征在于，其还含有“成孔”辅料。
2.如权利要求1所述的砂轮，其特征在于，该“成孔”辅料为由陶瓷，特别是矾石或麻来石构成的空心球珠。
3.如权利要求2所述的砂轮，其特征在于，空心球珠的外径在1um至3mm之间，特别是100um至1mm。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的砂轮，其特征在于，空心球珠的壁厚为2um至8um，特别是为4um至6um。
5.如前述任一权利要求所述的砂轮，其特征在于，该“成孔”辅料加入的比例为砂轮总体积的1至80％的体积，特别是5至50％，例如大约为所述体积的30％。
6.如前述任一权利要求所述的砂轮，其特征在于，所选用的粘合剂的金属基质至少包含有下列金属之一：青铜、银、钴、铁、铜。
7.如前述任一权利要求所述的砂轮，其特征在于，具有金属基质的粘合剂含有至少一种添加剂，特别是碳化钨类型的。
8.如前述任一权利要求所述的砂轮，其特征在于，磨料颗粒量相当于砂轮总体积的5至60％，特别是所述体积的10至30％。
9.如前述任一权利要求所述的砂轮，其特征在于，磨料颗粒为圆形的或针状的，粒径按FEPA标准码4至1182，特别是大致为40至90。
10.如前述任一权利要求所述的砂轮在玻璃物品的机加工或磨削，特别是玻璃薄片边缘的磨削中的应用。
CN95190289A 1994-04-12 1995-04-11 优质磨料砂轮 Pending CN1126962A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR94/04302 1994-04-12
FR9404302A FR2718379B3 (fr) 1994-04-12 1994-04-12 Meules super abrasives.

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CN1126962A true CN1126962A (zh) 1996-07-17

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US (1) US5658194A (zh)
EP (1) EP0703850A1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH08511482A (zh)
KR (1) KR960703050A (zh)
CN (1) CN1126962A (zh)
AU (1) AU692253B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR9506149A (zh)
CA (1) CA2164613A1 (zh)
FR (1) FR2718379B3 (zh)
PL (1) PL311956A1 (zh)
TW (1) TW268915B (zh)
WO (1) WO1995027592A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA953013B (zh)

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CN103395009A (zh) * 2013-07-08 2013-11-20 中原工学院 一种陶瓷空心球多层钎焊金刚石节块及其制作方法
CN105834923A (zh) * 2016-04-22 2016-08-10 柳州凯通新材料科技有限公司 青铜基金刚石砂轮片的加工方法
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CN110900473A (zh) * 2019-12-11 2020-03-24 郑州磨料磨具磨削研究所有限公司 一种可导电的树脂结合剂砂轮及其制备工艺

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CN1880022B (zh) * 2005-06-15 2010-04-14 株式会社迪斯科 陶瓷结合剂磨具的制造方法
CN103395009A (zh) * 2013-07-08 2013-11-20 中原工学院 一种陶瓷空心球多层钎焊金刚石节块及其制作方法
CN103395009B (zh) * 2013-07-08 2015-07-01 中原工学院 一种陶瓷空心球多层钎焊金刚石节块及其制作方法
CN105834923A (zh) * 2016-04-22 2016-08-10 柳州凯通新材料科技有限公司 青铜基金刚石砂轮片的加工方法
CN106985085A (zh) * 2017-04-22 2017-07-28 河南工业大学 一种金属结合剂金刚石砂轮
CN106985085B (zh) * 2017-04-22 2019-01-22 河南工业大学 一种金属结合剂金刚石砂轮
CN110900473A (zh) * 2019-12-11 2020-03-24 郑州磨料磨具磨削研究所有限公司 一种可导电的树脂结合剂砂轮及其制备工艺

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AU2311895A (en) 1995-10-30
ZA953013B (en) 1996-01-05
BR9506149A (pt) 1996-04-16
FR2718379B3 (fr) 1996-05-24
CA2164613A1 (fr) 1995-10-19
US5658194A (en) 1997-08-19
TW268915B (zh) 1996-01-21
MX9505206A (es) 1998-03-31
JPH08511482A (ja) 1996-12-03
FR2718379A1 (fr) 1995-10-13
EP0703850A1 (fr) 1996-04-03
AU692253B2 (en) 1998-06-04
KR960703050A (ko) 1996-06-19
PL311956A1 (en) 1996-03-18

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