CN112672875A - 用于形成管的方法以及用于形成包装的方法和包装机 - Google Patents

用于形成管的方法以及用于形成包装的方法和包装机 Download PDF

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CN112672875A
CN112672875A CN201980057504.8A CN201980057504A CN112672875A CN 112672875 A CN112672875 A CN 112672875A CN 201980057504 A CN201980057504 A CN 201980057504A CN 112672875 A CN112672875 A CN 112672875A
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tube
web
packaging material
lateral edge
forming
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CN112672875B (zh
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保罗·萨尼邦蒂
克劳迪奥·费拉里
菲利波·费拉里尼
尼古拉·马西尼
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1432Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface direct heating of the surfaces to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1454Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/1458Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined once, i.e. contour welding
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    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1632Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface direct heating the surfaces to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/1658Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined scanning once, e.g. contour laser welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5042Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like covering both elements to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5057Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like positioned between the surfaces to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7888Means for handling of moving sheets or webs
    • B29C65/7894Means for handling of moving sheets or webs of continuously moving sheets or webs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4322Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328Paper
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    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/72341General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer for gases
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    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
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    • B29L2031/712Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7162Boxes, cartons, cases
    • B29L2031/7166Cartons of the fruit juice or milk type, i.e. containers of polygonal cross sections formed by folding blanks into a tubular body with end-closing or contents-supporting elements, e.g. gable type containers

Abstract

描述了一种用于形成包装材料的卷材(4、4')的管(3)的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:使包装材料的卷材(4)沿卷材推进路径(P)推进,使包装材料的卷材(4、4')的第一侧向边缘(19)与包装材料的卷材(4、4')的第二侧向边缘(20)重叠,以获得管(3)的纵向接缝部分;以及使第一横向边缘(19)的至少一个内部外表面(34)和第二横向边缘(20)的至少一个外部外表面(37)彼此熔合以纵向密封管(3)的接缝部分。熔合的步骤至少包括以下子步骤:直接加热第二侧向边缘(20)的外部外表面(37),以及通过在内部外表面(34)和直接加热的外部外表面(37)之间建立接触而通过接触加热内部外表面(34)。

Description

用于形成管的方法以及用于形成包装的方法和包装机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于由包装材料的卷材(特别是用于形成可倾倒产品的包装的包装材料的卷材)形成管的方法。
此外,本发明涉及一种用于形成可倾倒产品(特别是可倾倒食品)的包装的方法。
此外,本发明涉及一种用于形成填充有可倾倒产品的密封包装的包装机。
背景技术
已知的是,许多液体或可倾倒食品,例如果汁、UHT(超高温处理的)奶、酒、番茄酱等,都以无菌包装材料制成的包装出售。
一个典型的示例是用于液体或可倾倒食品的平行六面体包装,称为利乐砖无菌(Tetra Brik Aseptic;注册商标),其是通过密封和折叠层压条带包装材料制成的。包装材料具有多层结构,该多层结构包括基层,例如纸制基层,其两面都覆盖有热密封塑料材料(例如聚乙烯)的层。在用于诸如UHT奶之类的长期存储产品的无菌包装的情况下,包装材料还包括氧气阻隔材料层,例如铝箔,其叠放在一个热密封塑料材料层上,又被另一热密封塑料材料层覆盖,该另一热密封塑料材料层形成最终与食品接触的包装的内表面。
这种包装通常在全自动包装机上生产,该包装机使包装材料的卷材通过包装机的灭菌单元以,例如借助于化学灭菌(例如通过施加化学灭菌剂,例如过氧化氢溶液)或物理灭菌(例如借助于电子束),对包装材料的卷材进行灭菌。然后,将灭菌的包装材料的卷材保持在隔离室内(封闭且无菌的环境)并在其中推进,并且沿接缝部分纵向折叠并密封以形成管,该管进一步沿竖直推进方向进给。
为了完成形成操作,将该管用灭菌或无菌处理的可倾倒食品连续填充,并进行横向密封,然后在沿竖直推进方向推进期间在包装机的包装形成单元内沿等间距的横向横截面进行切割。
如此在包装机中获得枕形包装,每个枕形包装具有纵向密封带和一对顶部和底部横向密封带。
此外,在折叠和纵向密封包装材料的卷材之前,将热密封塑料材料的密封条带施加到包装材料的初始卷材上,并密封到包装材料的初始卷材上以获得由其形成管的包装材料的卷材。折叠包装材料的卷材,使得密封条带与管的内侧的一部分接触。换言之,一旦获得了最终包装,密封条带就与可倾倒产品接触并且避免了位于管的内部空间内的包装材料的卷材的边缘的侧面部分与可倾倒产品接触。
更具体地,在折叠包装材料的卷材期间,包装材料的卷材的第一侧向边缘和第二侧向边缘重叠,由此第二侧向边缘布置在所形成的管的内部空间内。特别地,第一侧向边缘的面向内部空间的内部外表面与第二侧向边缘的面向第一侧向边缘的内部外表面的外部外表面接触。为了密封纵向接缝部分,第一侧向边缘的内部外表面和第二侧向边缘的外部外表面彼此热熔合。通常,必要的热能量(热)通过感应加热例如铝层(如果存在)或将热气流引导到第一侧向边缘上来提供。
尽管形成管和包装的已知方法和已知的包装机令人满意地工作良好,但是仍需要进一步改进相应的方法和包装机。
特别地,需要提高效率以节省能量和/或减少临界时间,在该临界时间期间,新形成和密封的接缝部分可能在管的进一步推进期间塌陷(即打开和/或失去完整性)。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种形成管的方法,以便以简单且低成本的方式实现上述目的中的至少一个。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种用于形成可倾倒产品的包装的方法,以便以一种简单且低成本的方式实现上述目的中的至少一个。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种包装机,以便以直接且低成本的方式实现上述目的中的至少一个。
根据本发明,提供了根据独立权利要求所述的方法和包装机。
在从属权利要求中规定了根据本发明的其他有利的实施方案。
附图说明
本发明的两个非限制性实施方案将参考附图通过示例的方式进行描述,其中:
图1是根据本发明的包装机的示意图,其中为了清楚起见移除了一些部分;
图2是包装材料的卷材的一部分的示意图,其中为了清楚起见移除了一些部分;
图3示意性地示出了根据第一实施方案的在管的形成期间的步骤,其中为了清楚起见移除了一些部分;
图4示意性地示出了根据第一实施方案的示例性包装,其中为了清楚起见移除了一些部分。
图5示意性地示出了根据第二实施方案的在管的形成期间的步骤,其中为了清楚起见移除了一些部分;以及
图6示意性地示出了根据第二实施方案的示例性包装,其中为了清楚起见移除了一些部分。
具体实施方式
标记1总体上表示用于由包装材料的卷材4的管3生产可倾倒产品的密封包装2的包装机,该可倾倒产品特别是(杀菌或无菌处理的)可倾倒食品,例如巴氏杀菌的奶、果汁、酒、番茄酱等。特别地,在使用中,管3沿纵向轴线A延伸,优选地具有竖直取向。
特别参考图2,卷材4至少包括具有多层结构的包装材料的初始卷材5。
更详细地,卷材4,特别是初始卷材5,具有至少一个纤维材料(特别是纸或纸板)层6,以及至少热密封塑料材料的第一层7和热密封塑料材料的第二层8。特别地,第一层7和第二层8彼此之间插入有纤维材料层6,并且限定初始卷材5的外表面。
优选但非必须地,热密封塑料材料是聚乙烯。
在图2的非限制性示例实施方案中,卷材4,特别是初始卷材5,还包括气体和光阻隔材料层9,例如铝箔或乙烯乙烯醇(EVOH)膜,其插入在纤维材料层6和第一层7之间。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,卷材4,特别是初始卷材5,还包括热密封塑料材料(特别是聚乙烯)的第三层10,优选地,第三层10插入在纤维材料层6与气体和光阻隔材料层9之间。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,第二层8形成最终与所填充的可倾倒食品接触的管3和/或包装2的内表面。换言之,第二层8限定了卷材4和/或初始卷材5的内表面,并且特别地,第一层7限定了卷材4的与内表面相反的外表面。在使用中,在管3的填充期间内表面逐渐和/或与可倾倒产品接触。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,卷材4还包括施加和/或熔合到初始卷材5的热密封塑料材料的密封条带11。特别地,密封条带11的至少一部分被施加和/或熔合到初始卷材5的内表面的至少一部分上,更特别地到第二层8的一部分上,优选在初始卷材5的一个边缘(特别是在形成管3(和/或包装2)之后将布置在管3(和/或包装2)内的初始卷材5的边缘)的区域中。
特别地,卷材4包括密封条带11,以便避免包装材料在填充过程期间或填充过程之后吸收可倾倒产品。
此外,密封条带11提供了接缝部分的改进的强度和改进的气体阻隔特性。
根据图2至4所示的实施方案,密封条带11的至少另一部分被施加到和/或熔合到外表面的至少一部分上,特别是第一层7,优选地在初始卷材5的一个边缘的区域中。
优选但非必须的是,施加到初始卷材5上的密封条带11相对于与卷材4的纵向轴线横向,特别是正交的横截面和/或相对于与纵向轴线A横向,特别是正交的横截面呈C形横截面轮廓。
由包装机1获得的典型包装2包括纵向密封部分和一对横向密封带,特别是横向顶部密封带和横向底部密封带。
特别参考图1,包装机1包括:
-输送装置16,其被配置为将卷材4至少沿卷材推进路径P推进到管形成站17,在使用中,卷材4在该管形成站17处形成为管3;以及沿管推进路径Q推进管3。
-管形成装置18,其被配置为通过使卷材4的第一侧向边缘19和卷材4的第二侧向边缘20重叠(特别是与第一侧向边缘19相对)以获得管3的纵向接缝部分而在管形成站17处形成管3;以及
-密封装置21,其被配置为沿纵向接缝部分纵向密封管3。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,包装机1还包括隔离室22,该隔离室22沿相应的纵向轴线(特别是平行于轴线A,甚至更特别地具有竖直取向)延伸,并且将内部(无菌)环境与外部环境隔离。优选地,隔离室22容纳管形成装置18和密封装置21的至少一些部分,使得在使用中,管3的形成和纵向密封发生在隔离室22内(即,在隔离的内部环境内)。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,包装机1还包括:
-灭菌装置(未示出),其用于在沿卷材推进路径P布置在管形成站17上游的灭菌站处对卷材4的至少一部分进行灭菌,特别是通过化学灭菌(过氧化氢)和/或物理灭菌(电子束照射)进行该灭菌;
-用于用可倾倒产品填充管3的填充装置23;以及
-包装形成单元24,其被配置为至少形成并横向密封管3,优选还横向切割管3,以获得包装2,特别是在管3沿管推进路径Q推进期间进行。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,包装机1还包括料盒单元25,该料盒单元25被配置为在容纳站26处容纳初始卷材5和/或卷材4。
在图1所示的特定示例实施方案中,料盒单元25被配置为在容纳站26处容纳初始卷材5的卷轴。
在所示的特定示例实施方案中,包装机1还包括条带施加单元27,该条带施加单元27被配置为在施加站28处将密封条带11施加到初始卷材5上。根据该非限制性实施方案,输送装置16被配置为使初始卷材5从容纳站26推进到施加站28并使卷材4从施加站28推进到管形成站17。在该非限制性实施方案中,密封带11在包装机1的操作期间被施加到初始卷材5上。
在未示出的替代性非限制性实施方案中,料盒单元25可以被配置为容纳卷材4的卷轴,并且输送装置16被配置为将卷材4从容纳站26推进到管形成站17。换言之,密封条带11在操作包装机1之前例如在卷材生产工厂被施加到初始卷材5上。
更详细地,灭菌装置沿路径P布置在隔离室22的上游,使得在使用中,在将卷材4形成管3之前对卷材4进行灭菌。
优选地,灭菌装置沿路径P布置在料盒单元25和/或条带施加单元27的下游。
特别地,包装形成单元24沿路径Q布置在隔离室22、管形成装置18和密封装置21的下游。
更详细地,输送装置16被配置为以本身已知的方式沿路径Q将管3和管3的任何中间部分,特别是从管形成站17通过隔离室22的至少一部分推进,特别是朝着包装形成单元24并至少部分地通过该包装形成单元24推进。
特别地,管3的中间体是指在获得管结构之前和开始由管形成装置18折叠卷材4之后卷材4的任何构造。换言之,管3的中间体是为了获得管3而逐渐折叠(特别是通过使相对的第一侧向边缘19和第二侧向边缘20彼此重叠而折叠)卷材4的结果。
特别参考图1,填充装置23包括至少一个填充管32,该填充管32与可倾倒产品储罐(未示出并且本身已知)流体连接并且部分地在隔离室22内延伸。特别地,在使用中,填充管32至少部分地放置在管3内,以将可倾倒产品进给到在使用中推进的管3中。
特别参考图1和3,管3具有由卷材4界定的内部空间33。特别地,内部空间33在使用中至少部分地或变得至少部分地被可倾倒产品填充。
优选但非必须地,第二侧向边缘20在形成管3之后布置在内部空间33内(即,第二侧向边缘20在形成管3之后布置在管3的内部和/或限定管3的内部)。换言之,第二侧向边缘20在管3形成并填充之后逐渐与可倾倒产品接触。特别地,第一侧向边缘19布置在内部空间33的外部(即,第一侧向边缘19布置在管3的外部空间33处和/或限定管3的外部空间33)。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,第二侧向边缘20包括密封条带11。换言之,第二侧向边缘20包括其上施加和/或熔合有密封条带11的初始卷材5的边缘,以及密封条带11。因此,在使用中,密封条带11避免第二侧向边缘20的侧边界与可倾倒产品接触。
更具体地,第一侧向边缘19包括面对内部空间33的相应的内部外表面34和与内部外表面34相对(并且平行)的相应的外部外表面35。优选地,内部外表面34和外部外表面35分别由靠近第一侧向边缘19的第二层8和第一层7的相应部分限定。
更具体地,第二侧向边缘20包括面对内部空间33的相应的内部外表面36和与内部外表面36相对(并平行)的相应的外部外表面37。优选地但并非必须地,内部外表面36由密封条带11的至少一部分限定(该后述一部分被施加和/或熔合到卷材4的内表面的一部分上);并且,特别是外部外表面37由密封条带11的至少另一部分限定(该后述另一部分被施加和/或熔合到卷材4的外表面的一部分上)。
特别地,外部外表面37面对内部外表面34。根据下面进一步的详细描述,在管3的形成和纵向密封期间,外部外表面37和内部外表面34变得彼此接触并熔合。
应当提及的是,在本发明的上下文中,术语“内部”是指面对内部空间33的这些表面,而术语“外部”是指背离内部空间33的这些表面。
特别参考图1,管形成装置18包括至少多个成形环组件38(在特定示例中示出为两个)适于通过使第一侧向边缘19和第二侧向边缘20彼此逐渐重叠而将卷材4逐渐折叠成管3。特别地,成形环组件38布置在平行且间隔开的平面内,该平面特别是正交于轴线A,甚至更具体地具有基本水平的取向。特别地,成形环组件38布置在隔离室22内。
特别参考图1和图3,密封装置21被配置为通过使内部外表面34和外部外表面37彼此熔合来纵向密封接缝部分。
更详细地,密封装置21包括加热单元39,该加热单元39被配置为(仅)直接加热外部外表面37,特别是不加热内部表面34。换言之,加热单元39被配置为使得在使用中,(仅)通过在内部内表面34与直接加热的外部外表面37之间建立接触以及将热能量(热)从外部外表面37传递到内部外表面34而加热内部外表面34。
换言之,在使用中,在外部外表面37和内部外表面34之间建立接触之前,内部外表面34的温度低于外部外表面37的温度。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,在使用中,在外部外表面37和内部外表面34之间建立接触之前,内部外表面34的温度与环境温度(即,隔离室22的内部环境内的温度)基本相同。
这是有利的,因为随着热量从外部外表面37传递到内部外表面34,减少了冷却接缝部分所需的时间。此外,另一个优点在于减少了所需的总能量消耗。
优选但非必须地,加热单元39布置在隔离室22内。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,加热单元39被配置为将热气流,特别是热(无菌)空气引导到外部外表面37上。
替代地,加热单元39可以被配置为通过任何加热手段(例如激光射线、通过等离子体和/或通过电子束照射)加热外部外表面37。
特别地,加热单元39被配置为将外部外表面37加热到允许改变外部外表面37的物理状态,特别是允许内部外表面34和外部外表面37彼此熔合的温度。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,密封装置21还包括压紧组件,该压紧组件被配置为将机械力施加到接缝部分上以促进纵向密封。优选但非必须地,压紧组件的至少一部分被布置在成形环组件38上,该成形环组件38沿路径Q布置在另一个成形环组件的下游。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,包装形成单元24包括多个互补的成对的操作单元对(未示出并且本身是已知的),该操作单元被配置为至少成形并横向密封,特别是还横向切割管3以限定和/或获取包装2。
在使用中,包装机1形成填充有可倾倒产品的包装2。
更详细地,包装机1的操作至少包括以下步骤:
-沿推进路径P推进卷材4;
-使第一侧向边缘19与第二侧向边缘20重叠,以获得纵向接缝部分;以及
–使至少内部外表面34和外部外表面37彼此熔合以纵向密封管3的接缝部分。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,包装机1的操作还包括将密封条带11施加到初始卷材5上以获得卷材4的步骤,并且优选但非必要地还包括推进初始卷材5的步骤,特别是将其从容纳站26推进到施加站28的步骤,在该施加站28处,在施加步骤期间,将密封条带11施加和/或熔合到初始卷材5上。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,包装机1的操作还包括以下步骤:
-在灭菌站处对卷材4进行灭菌,特别是在折叠步骤和纵向密封步骤之前执行;
-用可倾倒产品填充管3;
-沿路径Q推进管3;以及
-通过以下从管3获得单个包装2:形成管3,在连续的包装2之间横向密封管3,特别是在连续的包装2之间横向切割管3以获得单个包装2。
更详细地,在使卷材4推进的步骤期间,输送装置16使卷材4沿路径P推进至管形成站17,特别是从施加站28或容纳站26推进。
优选但非必须地,在使卷材4推进的步骤中,输送装置16使卷材4推进通过灭菌站。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,在对卷材4进行灭菌的步骤期间,通过化学灭菌(例如通过施加过氧化氢或通过推进穿过过氧化氢气氛或通过推进穿过过氧化物浴)和/或通过物理灭菌(例如,通过施加灭菌辐照,例如电磁辐照(UV光)、电子束辐照、x射线辐照、伽马射线辐照、β射线辐照)对至少一部分卷材4进行灭菌。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,在填充管3的步骤期间,填充装置23用可倾倒产品填充管3,特别是可倾倒产品从产品储罐通过填充管32流入管3中。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,在使管3推进的步骤期间,管3朝向并穿过包装形成单元24的至少一部分推进。
更详细地,输送装置16使管3穿过隔离室22的一部分推进到包装形成单元24中。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,在获得单个包装2的步骤期间,互补的成对的操作单元与推进的管3相互作用并且成形和横向密封,特别是还横向切割管3,以限定和/或获得单个包装2。
更详细地,在重叠的步骤期间,通过将第一侧向边缘19和第二侧向边缘20拉近并使其最终彼此重叠,将卷材4逐渐折叠成管3。特别地,第一侧向边缘19和第二侧向边缘20的重叠通过管形成装置18,特别是至少通过成形环组件38来确定和/或控制。
有利地,在重叠的步骤期间,使内部外表面34和外部外表面37彼此接触。
更详细地,在重叠的步骤期间,卷材4沿路径P推进并且与管形成装置18(特别是与至少成形环组件38)相互作用。
有利地,熔合的步骤至少包括以下子步骤:
-直接加热外部外表面37;以及
-(仅)通过在内部外表面34和直接加热的外部外表面37之间建立接触来通过接触加热内部外表面34。
特别地,由于热能量(热)从外部外表面37到内部外表面34的传递,内部外表面34通过与外部外表面37的接触而被加热。特别地,以这种方式,仅当与外部外表面37接触时,内部外表面34经受其温度的变化,随即是内部外表面34的物理状态和/或相位的变化。换言之,用于使外部外表面37和内部外表面34彼此熔合的热能量(热)仅由直接加热的外部外表面37产生。
优选但非必须地,在通过接触加热的子步骤之前,内部外表面34的温度低于外部外表面37的温度。
在优选的非限制性实施方案中,在通过接触加热的子步骤之前,内部外表面34的温度基本等于环境温度(即,隔离室22的内部环境内的温度)。
这是有利的,因为相对于已知方法,减少了熔合步骤之后冷却接缝部分和/或内部外表面34和外部外表面37所需的时间。这又使得临界时间减少,在该临界时间期间,可能发生接缝部分的塌陷(即,在管3的进一步推进期间打开和/或失去完整性)。
在所公开的优选的非限制性实施方案中,内部外表面34和外部外表面37是热密封塑料材料(特别是聚乙烯)的。
在图3和4所示的特定情况下,外部外表面37由密封条带11的一部分(靠近第二侧向边缘20)限定。优选地,内部外表面34由第二层8的一部分(靠近第一侧面边缘19)限定。
在图3和4的具体示例中,在直接加热的子步骤期间,限定外部外表面37的密封带11的一部分被直接加热。
更详细地,在直接加热的子步骤期间,加热单元39直接加热外部外表面37。
特别地,加热单元39将加热的气体流引导到外部外表面37上,或者替代地,加热单元39通过激光射线、通过等离子体、通过电子束辐照或其组合来加热外部外表面37。
优选但非必须地,包装机1的操作还包括压紧步骤,特别是在熔合步骤之后和/或期间执行该压紧步骤,在此期间,特别是通过压紧组件,将机械力施加在接缝部分上,以便进一步加强密封接缝部分。
更详细地,在施加步骤期间,在施加站28处将密封条带11施加到初始卷材5上。
优选但非必须地,在施加步骤期间,将密封条带11的至少一部分施加(特别是熔合)到初始卷材5的至少内表面上。在图3和4中公开的特定示例中,在施加的步骤期间,将密封条带11的至少另一部分施加到初始卷材5的外表面上。特别地,在所公开的特定示例中,正是密封条带11的该另一部分限定了外部外表面37,并且逐渐与内部外表面34熔合。
特别地,密封条带11在第二侧向边缘20处被施加到初始卷材5。
参考图5和6,标记4'表示用于和/或可用于形成管3的包装材料的卷材的另一实施方案;由于卷材4'及其在包装机1中的处理类似于卷材4及其在包装机1中的处理,因此以下描述限于它们之间的不同,并且在可能的情况下,对相同或相应的部件使用相同的附图标记。
特别地,卷材4'与卷材4的不同之处在于密封条带11如何被施加和/或熔合到相应的初始卷材5上。特别地,密封条带11的一部分被施加和/或熔合到初始卷材5的内表面上(即,靠近第二侧向边缘20的第二层8的一部分),以及密封条带11的另一部分至少直到管3的最终形成为止是自由的(其是自由的部分;即其未被施加和/或熔合到初始卷材5)。换言之,密封条带11的一部分被施加和/或熔合到初始卷材5上,而另一部分未被施加和/或熔合而是远离初始卷材5突出。在形成管3(和/或包装2)之后,密封条带11相对于横向于(特别是正交于)纵向轴线A的横截面呈现基本上S形的横截面轮廓。
在图5和图6所示的特定示例中,外部外表面37由密封条带11的自由部分,优选但非必需地由靠近第二侧向边缘20的第一层7的一部分限定。
在使用中,在直接加热的子步骤期间,密封条带11的自由部分和靠近第二侧面边缘20的第一层7的一部分被直接加热,接着熔合到内部外表面34。
优选但非必须地,在施加的步骤期间,仅将密封条带11的一部分施加和/或熔合到初始卷材5的内表面上。
根据前面的描述,根据本发明的包装机1和形成管3的方法的优点将显而易见。
特别地,通过仅直接加热外部外表面37并且通过与外部外表面37接触而加热内部外表面34,相对于已知方法实现了密封之后的接缝部分的冷却时间的减少。这再次意味着,在管3的进一步推进期间,接缝部分在其纵向密封之后塌陷的风险减小了。
另一个优点在于,由于仅加热卷材4的有限部分,所以减少了用于获得密封接缝部分的总能量消耗。
又一个优点在于,在接缝部分的纵向密封期间的整个加热过程进一步增加。
还有一个优点是,仅卷材4的表面部分被加热。例如,当对具有例如铝层的包装材料的卷材感应加热时,热量从卷材4的内部朝向外部扩散并扩散到外部,从而导致对整个加热过程的控制受到限制,并且还加热了卷材4的某些部分(例如第二层8),这对于获得对接缝部分的良好密封来说是不必要的。
显然,在不脱离所附权利要求所限定的保护范围的情况下,可以对本文所述的包装机1和/或方法进行改变。
在未示出的替代实施方案中,卷材4不包括密封条带11。换言之,卷材4与初始卷材5基本相同。在这种替代实施方案中,外部外表面37由靠近第二侧向边缘20的第一层7的一部分限定。因此,在使用中,第一层7的上述一部分被直接加热以允许外部外表面37和内部外表面34彼此熔合。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于形成包装材料的卷材(4、4')的管(3)的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
-沿卷材推进路径(P)推进包装材料的所述卷材(4);
-使包装材料的所述卷材(4、4')的第一侧向边缘(19)与包装材料的所述卷材(4、4')的第二侧向边缘(20)重叠,以获得所述管(3)的纵向接缝部分;其中,如此获得的所述管(3)具有内部空间(33);其中,所述第二侧向边缘(20)在形成所述管(3)之后布置在所述内部空间(33)内;其中,所述第一侧向边缘(19)包括面对所述内部空间(33)的内部外表面(34),以及所述第二侧向边缘(20)包括面对所述第一侧向边缘(19)的所述内部外表面(34)的外部外表面(37);
-使至少所述内部外表面(34)和所述外部外表面(37)彼此熔合以纵向密封所述管(3)的所述接缝部分;
其中,所述熔合的步骤至少包括以下子步骤:
-直接加热所述第二侧向边缘(20)的所述外部外表面(37);以及
-通过在所述内部外表面(34)和直接加热的所述外部外表面(37)之间建立接触来通过接触加热所述内部外表面(34)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,在所述通过接触加热的步骤之前,所述内部外表面(34)的温度低于所述外部外表面(37)的温度。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中在所述通过接触加热的步骤之前,所述内部外表面(34)的温度基本等于环境温度。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中,包装材料的所述卷材(4、4')包括多个层;以及
其中,所述外部外表面(34)和所述内部外表面(37)包括热密封塑料材料。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中,包装材料的所述卷材(4、4')包括包装材料的初始卷材(5)和施加到包装材料的所述初始卷材(5)上的密封条带(11);
所述方法进一步包括将所述密封条带(11)施加到包装材料的所述初始卷材(5)上使得所述第二侧向边缘(20)包括所述密封条带(11)的步骤。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中,所述密封条带(11)的至少一部分限定所述外部外表面(37)的至少一部分。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的方法,其中,施加所述密封条带(11)的步骤在重叠的步骤之前并且在密封的步骤之前执行。
8.根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的方法,其中,在施加所述密封条带(11)的步骤期间,将所述密封条带(11)施加至包装材料的所述初始卷材(5)的至少内表面上,在形成所述管(3)之后,包装材料的所述初始卷材(5)的所述内表面面对所述管(3)的所述内部空间(33)。
9.根据权利要求5至8中任一项所述的方法,其中,在施加密封条带(11)的步骤期间,将所述密封条带(11)的至少另一部分施加至包装材料的所述初始卷材(5)的与所述内表面相对的外表面上;其中,在形成所述管(3)之后,包装材料的所述初始卷材(5)的所述外表面面对所述内部外表面(34)。
10.根据权利要求5至9中任一项所述的方法,其中,在密封的步骤期间,直接加热所述密封条带(11)的至少一部分。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中,在密封的步骤期间,加热单元(39)直接加热所述第二侧向边缘(20)的所述外部外表面(37)。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其中,所述加热单元(39)通过加热的气体流和/或通过激光射线和/或通过等离子体和/或通过电子束辐照直接加热。
13.一种用于生产可倾倒产品的密封包装(2)的方法,所述方法包括根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的用于形成管(3)的步骤,并且进一步包括以下步骤:
-用所述可倾倒产品填充所述管(3);以及
-形成并横向密封形成的所述管(3),以生产所述密封包装(2)。
14.用于从沿卷材推进路径(P)推进的包装材料的卷材(4、4')生产可倾倒产品的密封包装(2)的包装机(1),所述包装机(1)包括:
-输送装置(16),其用于使包装材料的所述卷材(4)至少沿所述卷材推进路径(P)推进到管形成站(17),在使用中,在所述管形成站(17)处将包装材料的所述卷材(4)形成为管(3);
-管形成装置(18),其被配置为通过使包装材料的所述卷材(4)的第一侧向边缘(19)与包装材料的所述卷材(4)的第二侧向边缘(20)重叠以获得所述管(3)的纵向接缝部分而在所述管形成站(17)处形成所述管(3);其中,在形成所述管(3)之后,所述第二侧向边缘(20)布置在所述管(3)的内部空间(33)内;其中,所述第一侧向边缘(19)包括面对所述内部空间(33)的内部外表面(34),以及所述第二侧向边缘(20)包括面对所述内部空间(34)的外部外表面(37);
-密封装置(21),其被配置为通过使所述内部外表面(34)和所述外部外表面(37)彼此熔合来纵向密封所述接缝部分;
其中,所述密封装置(21)包括加热装置(39),所述加热装置(39)被配置为直接加热所述第二侧向边缘(20)的所述外部外表面(37)而不加热所述第一侧向边缘(19)的所述内部外表面(34)。
15.根据权利要求14所述的包装机,其中,所述加热单元(39)被配置为通过加热的气体流和/或通过激光射线和/或通过等离子体和/或通过电子束辐照来直接加热所述外部外表面(37)。
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