US3890125A - Filter bag - Google Patents
Filter bag Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3890125A US3890125A US457020A US45702074A US3890125A US 3890125 A US3890125 A US 3890125A US 457020 A US457020 A US 457020A US 45702074 A US45702074 A US 45702074A US 3890125 A US3890125 A US 3890125A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- filter bag
- joint
- thermoplastic material
- seam
- heating element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000005561 Musa balbisiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
- B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
- B29C53/36—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles
- B29C53/38—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges
- B29C53/48—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges for articles of indefinite length, i.e. bending a strip progressively
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
- B29C66/032—Mechanical after-treatments
- B29C66/0324—Reforming or reshaping the joint, e.g. folding over
- B29C66/03241—Flattening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/14—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections the joint having the same thickness as the thickness of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
- B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
- B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/727—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
- B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
- B29C66/8221—Scissor or lever mechanisms, i.e. involving a pivot point
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
- B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
- B29C66/8223—Worm or spindle mechanisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
- B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
- B29C66/83413—Roller, cylinder or drum types cooperating rollers, cylinders or drums
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
- B29K2105/0854—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns in the form of a non-woven mat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
- B29L2023/005—Hoses, i.e. flexible
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/14—Filters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7128—Bags, sacks, sachets
Definitions
- a filter bag of thermoplastic material for filtering solids from gases has a longitudinal joint formed by fusing together overlapping edge portions of the material so as to form a tubular body.
- a heating element which is shaped like a blade heats the thermoplastic material to at least the softening point and a pair of opposing rollers are adapted to compress the heated material so as to form the fused seam.
- This invention relates to an improved filter bag or tube and process and apparatus for forming the bag or tube.
- the recovery of solids from a suspension of finely divided solids and gases is conventionally effected in a bag filter.
- the gaseous suspension is passed through an upright porous bag leaving a portion of the finely divided solids on the walls of the bags.
- the bags are flexed causing a portion of the solids to fall into a sub adjacent collecting zone.
- the bags are made of woven material which withstand the conditions required by the specific application.
- the bags are commonly fabricated from a length of flexible flat woven cloth which is provided with a narrow selvage at opposite sides thereof.
- the selvages are typically joined by folding one side edge over upon itself and folding an opposite side edge over upon itself with the latter fold being formed completely within the first fold so as to form an interlocking and overlapping joint.
- the joint is typically stitched together with a plurality of vertical stitches within the width of the folded seam.
- a tubular body of a thermoplastic material has a longitudinal joint formed by fusing together overlapping portions of the material.
- the fusing process is performed by overlapping edge portions of a length of the thermoplastic filter material heating at Ieat one of the overlapping edge portions to a temperature above the softening point, and compressing the overlapping portions of the material together so as to form a fused seam.
- the apparatus for forming the fused seam includes a blade-shaped heating element for contacting an edge portion of the thermoplastic material and a pair of opposing rollers for compressing overlapping portions of material. The rollers are positioned sufficiently close to the heating element so as to fuse the overlapping portions of material together.
- the fused seam of the present invention Since the fused seam of the present invention is not formed under tension, banana-shaped tubes are not formed. Furthermore, the overlapping of material at the seam can be considerably reduced with a resulting increase in filter area. With the elimination of threads the longevity of the filter bags are increased and needle holes which decrease the efficiency of filtration are eliminated.
- the overlapping fused seam which can be formed with only two thicknesses of material is more flexible than the conventional sewn seam which is formed from four thicknesses of material. The improved flexing during cleaning aids the filter operation.
- the fused seam of the present invention obviates many of the deficiencies found in filter bags of the prior art.
- FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of the apparatus of the present invention which forms a fused scam
- FIG. 2 is an end elevational view of the apparatus of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a detailed end elevational view of the apparatus of FIG. I.
- FIG. 4 is a detailed view of a portion of a filter bag with a fused seam.
- the filter bag 11 for filtering solids from gases is a tubular body of a thermoplastic material with a longitudinal seam or joint 13 formed by fusing together overlapping edge portions 15 and 17 of the thermoplastic material.
- the thermoplastic material preferably has a melting point greater than about Centigrade so that the strength of the seam is maintained under various conditions of operation.
- the thermoplastic material can be a variety of woven or felted materials.
- the fibers forming the material are polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, olefin polymer fibers or mixtures thereof.
- Typical polyamides or nylons which can be used contain reoccurring amide groups as an integral part of the main polymer chain.
- Linear polyamides formed as products of condensation of bifunctional monomers, such as amino acids or condensation of diamines and dibasic acids can be used. Copolymers comprising combinations of diacids, diamines and amino acids can also be effectively used to form the fiber material.
- a long chain polymer which comprises an ester of a dihydric alcohol and a terephthalic acid has a plurality of carboxylate ester groups forming components of the structure.
- Fabrics formed from various olefin polymers such as polypropylene are suitable for lower temperature applications. To impart a higher melting point, the olefin polymers can be steric specific or blended with various elastomers.
- overlapping edge portions 15 and 17 of a length of thermoplastic filter material are joined together by heating at least one of the overlapping portions 15 to a temperature above the softening point and compressing the overlapping portions and 17 of the material together so as to form a fused seam 13.
- the apparatus for forming the fused seam 13 includes a frame 19 resting on the ground or other suitable support.
- the frame 19 has depending therefrom a heating element 21.
- the heating element 21 is a thin elongated blade-like element which presents a flat horizontal surface for receiving a ther moplastic fabric.
- the heating element 21 is connected to a source of electricity (not shown) and has suitable control means (not shown) connected therewith for maintaining a predetermined temperature.
- a pair of rollers 23 and 25 are spaced sufficiently close to the heating element 21 so that the softened or melted fabric does not solidify prior to contacting the rollers 23 and 25.
- the space between the rollers 23 and 25 is aligned with the heating element 21 in a substantially level plane.
- the rollers 23 and 25 are attached to the frame 19, yoke member 27 and support member 29, respectively.
- the yoke member 27 can be adjusted vertically by means of a jackscrew 31, or any conventional means for adjusting the distance between the rollers 23 and 25. This adjustment changes the compression on seam 13 after the material is heated by the heating element 21.
- the distance between the rollers 23 and 25 is about the width of one thickness of thermosetting material.
- at least one roller 25 is driven by motor 33 through a suitable drive 35.
- a control means (not shown) is included for maintaining the rotation at a predetermined speed.
- thermoplastic material is illustrated in detail passing through the heating element 21 and between the rollers 23 and 25.
- An edge portion 15 of the thermoplastic material passes over and contacts the upper surface of the heating element 21 so that the edge portion 15 is softened sufficiently to fuse with another edge portion 17 which passes underneath the heating element 21.
- the heating element 21 is maintained at a temperature higher than the melting point of the thermoplastic material so as to obtain a fused seam 13.
- the edge portion 15 and the edge portion 17 are fed from the heating element 21 in overlapping relationship so that the edge portion 15 is positioned directly above the edge portion 17 as the material is fed into the rollers 23 and 25.
- three thicknesses of material are passed between the rollers 23 and 25 including the side of the bag 1 1 opposite the fused seam 13.
- the bottom side of the edge portion 17 is maintained at a sufficient temperature so that fusion does not occur between the edge portion 17 and the opposite side of the bag 11.
- the temperature of the heating element 21, the speed of material being fed to the heating element 21 and through the rollers 23 and 2S, and the pressure or spacing of the rollers 23 and 25 are important variables.
- the exact arrangement used varies from material to material.
- the material is fed over the heating element 21 at a rate so that the top layer or portion of material 15 becomes soft and fusible but does not melt sufficiently to stick to the blade.
- the rollers 23 and 25 are adjusted to about the thickness of one layer of material and placed in close proximity to the heating element 21 so that the top layer of material 15 is fused into the bottom overlapping portion 17 prior to solidification.
- a filter bag for filtering solids from gases comprising a sheet of fabric of porous thermoplastic material having opposite edge portions of said fabric overlapped and joined together in a fused joint and defining a tubular body, said joint extending longitudinally along said tubular body, and said joint having essentially the same thickness as that of said sheet of fabric.
- thermoplastic material is selected from the group consisting of polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, olefin polymer fibers and mixtures thereof.
- a filter bag according to claim 1 wherein said fused joint is less than A: inch in width.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US457020A US3890125A (en) | 1971-09-23 | 1974-04-01 | Filter bag |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US18297471A | 1971-09-23 | 1971-09-23 | |
US457020A US3890125A (en) | 1971-09-23 | 1974-04-01 | Filter bag |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3890125A true US3890125A (en) | 1975-06-17 |
Family
ID=26878612
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US457020A Expired - Lifetime US3890125A (en) | 1971-09-23 | 1974-04-01 | Filter bag |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3890125A (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4032307A (en) * | 1975-11-28 | 1977-06-28 | Tennant Company | Method and apparatus for cleaning filter means |
EP0349914A2 (en) * | 1988-07-04 | 1990-01-10 | Mbt Membrantechnik Gmbh | Process for making tubular non-woven fabric articles |
US5090975A (en) * | 1990-09-21 | 1992-02-25 | The Drackett Company | High efficiency vacuum cleaner bags |
EP0610762A2 (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 1994-08-17 | Signode Corporation | Method for production weld planishing of plastic sheet and joint |
US5493160A (en) * | 1994-03-16 | 1996-02-20 | Botten; Thomas J. | Air filter for electric motors |
EP3620293A1 (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2020-03-11 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | A method for forming a tube and a method and a packaging machine for forming a package |
US11554555B2 (en) | 2017-05-30 | 2023-01-17 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Apparatus for sealing the top of a package for a food product and system for forming and filling a food package |
US11820540B2 (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2023-11-21 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Packaging apparatus for forming sealed packages |
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US2719100A (en) * | 1952-03-24 | 1955-09-27 | Du Pont | Process of heat-sealing tensilized thermoplastic films |
US2941577A (en) * | 1956-06-11 | 1960-06-21 | Cable Raincoat Company | Seam forming method and apparatus |
US3273321A (en) * | 1963-08-26 | 1966-09-20 | Cambridge Filter Corp | Air filter having a replaceable cartridge |
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US2719100A (en) * | 1952-03-24 | 1955-09-27 | Du Pont | Process of heat-sealing tensilized thermoplastic films |
US2941577A (en) * | 1956-06-11 | 1960-06-21 | Cable Raincoat Company | Seam forming method and apparatus |
US3273321A (en) * | 1963-08-26 | 1966-09-20 | Cambridge Filter Corp | Air filter having a replaceable cartridge |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4032307A (en) * | 1975-11-28 | 1977-06-28 | Tennant Company | Method and apparatus for cleaning filter means |
EP0349914A2 (en) * | 1988-07-04 | 1990-01-10 | Mbt Membrantechnik Gmbh | Process for making tubular non-woven fabric articles |
EP0349914A3 (en) * | 1988-07-04 | 1991-09-25 | Mbt Membrantechnik Gmbh | Process for making tubular non-woven fabric articles |
US5090975A (en) * | 1990-09-21 | 1992-02-25 | The Drackett Company | High efficiency vacuum cleaner bags |
EP0610762A2 (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 1994-08-17 | Signode Corporation | Method for production weld planishing of plastic sheet and joint |
EP0610762A3 (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 1996-04-03 | Signode Corp | Method for production weld planishing of plastic sheet and joint. |
US5493160A (en) * | 1994-03-16 | 1996-02-20 | Botten; Thomas J. | Air filter for electric motors |
US11554555B2 (en) | 2017-05-30 | 2023-01-17 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Apparatus for sealing the top of a package for a food product and system for forming and filling a food package |
EP3620293A1 (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2020-03-11 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | A method for forming a tube and a method and a packaging machine for forming a package |
WO2020053049A1 (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2020-03-19 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | A method for forming a tube and a method and a packaging machine for forming a package |
US11548238B2 (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2023-01-10 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Method for forming a tube and a method and a packaging machine for forming a package |
US11820540B2 (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2023-11-21 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Packaging apparatus for forming sealed packages |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: KENNECOTT CORPORATION Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:BEAR CREEK MINING COMPANY;BEAR TOOTH MINING COMPANY;CARBORUNDUM COMPANY THE;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:003961/0672 Effective date: 19801230 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: KENNECOTT MINING CORPORATION Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:KENNECOTT CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004815/0036 Effective date: 19870220 Owner name: STANDARD OIL COMPANY, 200 PUBLIC SQUARE, CLEVELAND Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:KENNECOTT MINING CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004815/0079 Effective date: 19870320 |