CN112602423B

CN112602423B - Combined operation machine for cultivating and spreading film and earthing radix codonopsis and astragalus mongholicus at outcrop

Info

Publication number: CN112602423B
Application number: CN202110141978.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵明; 郭喜宏; 李伟; 赵伟; 赵刚; 张俊; 王钧; 王芳; 芦亚军; 刘智; 张童
Original assignee: Dingxi Sanniu Agricultural Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Dingxi Sanniu Agricultural Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-02
Filing date: 2021-02-02
Publication date: 2023-07-14
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-02
Also published as: CN112602423A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation and planting of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and discloses a combined machine for cultivating and spreading films and covering soil of radix codonopsis and astragalus membranaceus, which solves the technical problems existing in the artificial planting of traditional Chinese medicinal materials (radix codonopsis and astragalus membranaceus) in the prior art. The invention has high mechanization degree, changes the traditional manual planting mode, lightens labor intensity and reduces labor cost, 3 ten thousand mother plant seedlings can be planted in one mu of land by the working machine, the planting rate is effectively improved, and the yield of medicinal materials can be further increased.

Description

Combined operation machine for cultivating and spreading film and earthing radix codonopsis and astragalus mongholicus at outcrop

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation and planting of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, in particular to a joint machine for cultivating radix codonopsis and astragalus mongholicus by dew and laying a film and covering soil.

Background

The radix codonopsis is a traditional tonic medicine, and has the effects of enhancing immunity, reducing blood pressure, enhancing hematopoietic function and the like. The astragalus has the effects of supplementing qi, strengthening exterior, inducing diuresis to alleviate edema, removing toxicity, promoting granulation, tonifying qi, improving spleen and the like, has higher planting prospect, is planted in large areas in Qinghai, ningxia, gansu, shanxi, inner Mongolia, xinjiang and other places in China at present, and is used for taking the dangshen astragalus as a commodity and the decoction pieces are sold in all places in China and even exported. Because the demands of the market on radix codonopsis pilosulae, radix astragali and the like are continuously increased, how to increase the yield of the radix codonopsis pilosulae and radix astragali and realize the mechanized cultivation of the radix codonopsis pilosulae and radix astragali are needed to be solved, the traditional artificial planting is mainly adopted in the current planting mode of the radix codonopsis pilosulae and radix astragali, and the working procedures of ditching, fertilizing, seedling arranging, earthing, seedling burying, soil preparation, film laying, earthing on the film and the like are needed, so that the requirements on the manpower are high, and the labor capacity and the labor intensity are high. Most importantly, the yield of medicinal materials is not high in the manual planting mode in the prior art under the condition of consuming a large amount of manual labor, and the technical problems cannot be solved in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the artificial planting of traditional Chinese medicinal materials (radix codonopsis and astragalus mongholicus) in the prior art, and provides the radix codonopsis and astragalus mongholicus outcrop cultivation and film laying and soil covering combined operation machine which is matched with a four-wheel tractor for use, and has the advantages of reasonable design, compact structure, simplicity in operation, high degree of mechanization, low labor cost and capability of effectively improving the yield of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the combined machine comprises a land wheel and a frame, wherein a traction frame is arranged at the front end of the frame, a plurality of ditching ploughshares are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the frame in parallel, a seedling box is arranged on the frame behind the ditching ploughshares, a seat is arranged at the side part of the seedling box, a plurality of inclined seedling arranging mechanisms are arranged in the seedling box at intervals, each seedling arranging mechanism comprises a rotatable seedling arranging chain, a plurality of seedling arranging chain plates for placing medicinal material seedlings are uniformly distributed on the seedling arranging chain, and the lower parts of the seedling arranging chains obliquely extend to the lower part of the frame; the frame behind the seedling arranging mechanism is obliquely provided with a soil feeding device, the bottom of the frame behind the soil feeding device is provided with a shaping screw, the top of the rear end of the frame is provided with a soil covering mechanism communicated with the soil feeding device, and the bottom of the rear end of the frame is also provided with a plurality of film spreading mechanisms matched with the seedling arranging mechanism at intervals

Further, the soil feeding device comprises a machine base, wherein a rotatable soil feeding chain is arranged in the machine base, and a plurality of soil feeding plates are uniformly distributed on the soil feeding chain.

Further, the earthing mechanism comprises an earthing bin arranged at the rear of the frame, the earthing bin is communicated with the upper part of the earthing device, an earthing screw body is arranged in the earthing bin, earthing plates are arranged at the side part of the rear end of the frame, and a plurality of groups of guide plates are arranged on the earthing plates at intervals.

Further, the rear end bottom both sides of frame are fixed with the string membrane post, are fixed with the string membrane pole on the string membrane post, every spread membrane mechanism including the equipartition install the shop's membrane roller on string membrane pole, the both ends of string membrane post all are fixed with the exhibition membrane pole, are fixed with the exhibition membrane roller on the exhibition membrane pole.

Further, a fertilizer application device is arranged on the frame in front of the ditching ploughshare, the fertilizer application device comprises a fertilizer application frame arranged on the frame, a fertilizer application box is arranged at the top of the fertilizer application frame, a plurality of fertilizer application openings are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the fertilizer application box, a first fertilizer discharge pipe is connected to the lower ends of the fertilizer application openings, a fertilizer discharge shaft is arranged in each first fertilizer discharge pipe in a penetrating mode, the fertilizer discharge shaft is driven by a land wheel, two ends of the fertilizer discharge shaft are arranged on the fertilizer application frame, a stirring wheel is fixed on the fertilizer discharge shaft positioned in the first fertilizer discharge pipe, a second fertilizer discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the first fertilizer discharge pipe, and the lower ends of the second fertilizer discharge pipes penetrate through the frame.

Further, the seedling arranging mechanism comprises a seedling arranging shaft arranged on the frame, the seedling arranging shaft is driven by a land wheel, a plurality of seedling arranging driving wheels are uniformly distributed on the seedling arranging shaft, and seedling arranging chains are sleeved on the seedling arranging driving wheels, carrier rollers arranged on the frame and seedling arranging driven wheels arranged on the lower part of the frame.

Further, the front end of the frame is provided with a reduction gearbox, the reduction gearbox is driven by an output shaft of a matched four-wheel tractor, a shaft head of the reduction gearbox is connected with a main transmission shaft arranged at the rear end of the frame through a chain, two sides of the main transmission shaft are uniformly provided with soil feeding driving wheels, soil feeding chains are sleeved on the soil feeding driving wheels, and the other ends of the soil feeding chains are sleeved on soil feeding driven wheels; one shaft end of the main transmission shaft is provided with a main transmission wheel, and the main transmission wheel transmits power to the shaping screw body and the soil covering screw body through a chain.

Further, the racks on the two sides of the seedling box are provided with seedling placing racks, and a plurality of seedling placing trays are arranged on the seedling placing racks from bottom to top; the frames at two sides of the seedling box are provided with seats.

Further, threaded sleeves are fixed on two sides of the machine frame close to the shaping screw body, an adjusting screw is arranged in the threaded sleeves in a matched mode, a positioning plate is fixed after the lower end of the adjusting screw extends out of the threaded sleeves, and the shaft end of the shaping screw body is arranged on the positioning plate; and adjusting sleeves are fixed on two sides of the frame close to the land wheel, adjusting screws are connected in the adjusting sleeves in a threaded manner, and the adjusting screws are connected with the shaft of the land wheel.

Further, the shaping screw body consists of a first right screw body and a first left screw body; the earthing screw body is composed of a second left screw body and a second right screw body.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the combined machine for fertilizing, ditching, outcrop cultivation and soil preparation and film spreading of radix codonopsis and astragalus disclosed by the invention can complete multiple working procedures such as multi-row ditching, outcrop cultivation, seedling burying, shaping, film spreading and soil covering at one time through reasonable structural design, and realizes cultivation of various traditional Chinese medicinal materials. According to the invention, by arranging the seedling arranging mechanism, planting personnel only need to sit on the operation machine to arrange seedlings on the seedling arranging mechanism, medicinal seedlings are evenly spread in soil after ditching at intervals, planting can be realized, then by reasonably arranging the positions of the film spreading mechanism and the seedling arranging mechanism, outcrop cultivation can be realized, and then soil is covered by the soil covering mechanism, and two sides of the mulching film are pressed. Ingenious structure and higher working efficiency.

The invention can realize outcrop cultivation of medicinal material seedlings by adjusting the positions of the ditching ploughshare, the seedling arranging mechanism and the film spreading roller, has simple integral structure, can not soil at front, back, left and right, is matched with a four-wheel tractor for use, has high mechanization degree and high planting efficiency, changes the traditional manual planting mode, reduces labor intensity, reduces labor cost, can plant 3 ten thousand mother plant seedlings in one mu of land, effectively improves planting rate, and further can increase the yield of medicinal materials.

According to the invention, by reasonably setting the inclination angle of the seedling arranging mechanism and the spacing of the seedling arranging chain plates, the seedlings of the medicinal materials are arranged in parallel after being planted in the ground, and the seedling spacing is about 3 cm.

The soil feeding device is driven by a chain wheel, and has simple structure and simple and reliable driving mode. The soil which is dug on two sides after ditching is transported to the earthing bin through the upper soil plate, so that after the membrane is spread by the membrane spreading roller, the earthing screw body conveys the soil to the earthing plate, and the soil flows down and is pressed on two sides of the mulching membrane after being shunted by the guide plate.

The fertilizer discharging shaft is penetratingly arranged in the fertilizer discharging pipe of the fertilizer box, when the fertilizer discharging shaft rotates, the poking wheel rotates, and when the poking wheel rotates, the fertilizer discharging opening is opened, so that fertilizer enters the fertilizer discharging pipe from the fertilizer discharging pipe and is sprayed in the land. The shaping screw body and the land wheel can be adjusted according to the actual condition of the land, so that the most suitable ditching depth in the land under different conditions is achieved.

The invention can complete the procedures of multi-row fertilization, ditching, outcrop cultivation, soil preparation, film spreading, soil covering on the film and the like at one time through reasonable structural design, and the procedures of fertilization, ditching, outcrop cultivation, seedling burying, soil covering, soil preparation, film spreading, soil covering on the film and the like.

According to the invention, the seedling placing racks are arranged on two sides of the seedling placing box, and the plurality of seedling placing trays are placed on the seedling placing racks, so that a planter sits on the operation machine, and is convenient to take medicine seedlings from the seedling placing trays, and the working efficiency is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the transmission of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a film development part of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the stent portion of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the fertilizer apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged partial schematic view of fig. 1 according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a seedling arranging mechanism on two sides of the invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of an intermediate swing mechanism.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the soil applying device of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the shaping screw of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the soil-covering screw of the present invention.

The reference numerals have the following meanings: 1. a frame; 2. a reduction gearbox; 3. a traction frame; 4. a seat; 5. a seedling placing frame; 6. a seedling box; 7. an adjusting sleeve, an earth covering plate, a positioning plate and a shaping screw body, wherein the adjusting sleeve is provided with the earth covering plate, the positioning plate and the shaping screw body; 11. a soil loading device; 12. a seedling swinging chain plate; 13. a land wheel; 14. ditching ploughshares; 15. a seedling arranging mechanism; 16. a second fertilizer discharging pipe; 17. a fertilization box; 18. earthing screw; 19. a guide plate; 20. a total driving wheel; 21. film hanging columns; 22. a membrane spreading rod; 23. a film spreading roller; 24. a support rod; 25. film laying rollers; 26. a film hanging rod; 27. a locking sleeve; 28. a first right spiral; 29. a first left spiral; 30. a second left spiral; 31. a second right spiral; 32. pendulum Miao Lian; 33. a carrier roller; 34. a seedling arranging driving wheel; 35. swing seedling driven wheel; 36. a soil feeding driven wheel; 37. applying soil; 38. a soil loading plate; 39. a soil feeding driving wheel; 40. a fertilizer discharging shaft; 41. a first fertilizer discharging pipe; 42. a poking wheel; 43. a main drive shaft; 44. a seedling arranging shaft; 45. a threaded sleeve; 46. a soil covering wheel; 47. shaping wheels; 48. seedling tray; 49. and a transition wheel.

Description of the embodiments

The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and specific examples.

As shown in figures 1-12, the combined machine for cultivating and spreading film and earthing the radix codonopsis and astragalus membranaceus outcrop comprises a land wheel 13 and a machine frame 1, wherein adjusting sleeves 7 are welded on two sides of the machine frame 1 close to the land wheel 13, adjusting screws are connected in the adjusting sleeves 7 in a threaded manner, adjusting handwheels are arranged at the tops of the adjusting screws, and the bottoms of the adjusting screws extend out of the adjusting sleeves 7 and are welded with shafts of the land wheel 13.

The front end of the frame 1 is provided with a traction frame 3, the top bolt of the front end of the frame 1 is fastened with a reduction gearbox 2, and the reduction gearbox 2 is driven by an output shaft of a matched four-wheel tractor. The frame 1 is provided with a fertilizing device near the traction frame 3, and three ditching ploughshares 14 are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the frame 1 at the rear side of the fertilizing device. And the ditching ploughshare 14 in the middle part and the ditching ploughshares 14 at the two sides are arranged in an isosceles triangle.

As shown in fig. 6, the fertilizer applying device comprises a fertilizer applying frame fixedly installed on the frame 1 by bolts, a fertilizer applying box 17 is welded at the top of the fertilizer applying frame, four fertilizer applying openings are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the fertilizer applying box 17, first fertilizer discharging pipes 41 are welded at the lower ends of the fertilizer applying openings, fertilizer discharging shafts 40 are installed in each first fertilizer discharging pipe 41 in a penetrating mode, the fertilizer discharging shafts 40 are driven by the land wheels 13, shafts of the land wheels 13 and the fertilizer discharging shafts 40 are driven by gears and chains, two ends of the fertilizer discharging shafts 40 are installed on the fertilizer applying frame through bearing blocks, shifting wheels 42 are fixed on the fertilizer discharging shafts 40 in the first fertilizer discharging pipes 41, second fertilizer discharging pipes 16 are connected at the bottom of the first fertilizer discharging pipes 41, and the lower ends of the second fertilizer discharging pipes 16 penetrate through the frame 1.

The middle part of the frame 1 is provided with a seedling placing box 6, the frames 1 on two sides of the seedling placing box 6 are provided with seedling placing frames 5, a plurality of seedling placing trays 48 are arranged on the seedling placing frames 5 from bottom to top, and the frames 1 on two sides of the seedling placing box 6 are provided with seats 4. The three seedling swinging mechanisms 15 are uniformly distributed in the seedling swinging box 6 at intervals, the seedling swinging mechanisms 15 comprise seedling swinging shafts 44 which are installed on the frame 1 through bearing seats, the seedling swinging shafts 44 are driven by the land wheels 13, the land wheels 13 rotate, the land wheels rotate along with the land wheels 13, chain wheels on the land wheels drive transition wheels 49 arranged on the frame 1 to rotate through chains, the seedling swinging shafts 44 are driven to rotate through the chains, three seedling swinging driving wheels 34 are uniformly distributed on the seedling swinging shafts 44, and the seedling swinging driving wheels 34, carrier rollers 33 arranged on the frame 1 and seedling swinging driven wheels 35 arranged on the lower portion of the frame 1 are sleeved with seedling swinging chains 32. A plurality of seedling arranging chain plates 12 for placing medicinal seedlings are uniformly distributed on the seedling arranging chains 32, and the lower parts of the seedling arranging chains 32 obliquely extend to the lower part of the frame 1. (the seedling-swinging chain plate 12 is an L-shaped chain plate, and the middle part of the seedling-swinging chain plate 12 is fastened on the seedling-swinging chain 32 through bolts)

The shaft head of the reduction gearbox 2 is connected with a total transmission shaft 43 arranged at the rear end of the frame 1 through a bearing seat, two sides of the total transmission shaft 43 are uniformly provided with an upper soil driving wheel 39, an upper soil chain 37 is sleeved on the upper soil driving wheel 39, the other end of the upper soil chain 37 is sleeved on an upper soil driven wheel 36, when the total transmission shaft 43 rotates, the upper soil driving wheel 39 is driven to rotate, the upper soil device 11 comprises a machine seat, the upper soil chain 37 is arranged in the machine seat, a plurality of L-shaped upper soil plates 38 are uniformly distributed on the upper soil chain 37, the middle part of the L-shaped upper soil plates 38 is fastened with the upper soil chain 37 through bolts, one shaft end of the total transmission shaft 43 is fixedly provided with a total transmission wheel 20, and the total transmission wheel 20 transmits power to the shaping screw 10 and the earthing screw 18 through the chains. The specific transmission process is as follows: the main driving wheel 20 transmits power to the soil covering wheel 46 arranged at the shaft end of the soil covering screw 18 through a chain, and the soil covering wheel 46 drives the soil covering screw 18 to rotate. One shaft end of the main transmission shaft 43 is also provided with a sub-transmission wheel parallel to the main transmission wheel 20, and the sub-transmission wheel transmits power to the shaping transition wheel and the shaping wheel 47 through a chain.

The bottom of the frame 1 behind the soil feeding device 11 is provided with a shaping screw 10, and the shaping screw 10 consists of a first right screw 28 and a first left screw 29. The two sides of the frame 1 at the shaping screw 10 are welded with threaded sleeves 45, an adjusting screw 50 is matched in the threaded sleeves 45, a positioning plate 9 is welded after the lower end of the adjusting screw 50 extends out of the threaded sleeves 45, and the shaft end of the shaping screw 10 is arranged on the positioning plate 9 through a bearing seat.

The rear of the frame 1 is provided with a soil covering bin which is communicated with the upper part of the soil feeding device 11 (namely, the frame is communicated), the soil covering bin is internally provided with a soil covering screw 18 which is matched with the soil feeding device 11 through a bearing seat, and the soil covering screw 18 consists of a second left screw 30 and a second right screw 31. The rear end side part of the frame 1 is welded with a soil covering plate 8, a plurality of groups of guide plates 19 are arranged on the soil covering plate 8 at intervals, and each group of guide plates 19 is a V-shaped baffle plate. The two sides of the bottom of the rear end of the frame 1 are welded with film hanging columns 21, the film hanging columns 21 are welded with film hanging rods 26, a plurality of film laying rollers 25 are uniformly distributed on the film hanging rods 26, the film laying rollers 25 are fixed on the film hanging rods 26 through supporting rods 24, the supporting rods 24 are fastened with the film hanging rods 26 through locking sleeves 27 and bolts, the two ends of the film hanging columns 21 are welded with film stretching rods 22, and the film stretching rods 22 are welded with film stretching rollers 23.

Before working, according to the condition of the land, the height of the land wheel 13 is adjusted, the height of the shaping screw 10 is adjusted, fertilizer is filled in the fertilizing box 17, the seedling placing tray 48 is filled with medicinal seedlings to be planted, the film laying roller 25 is filled with mulching films, the planter sits on the seat 4, the four-wheel tractor is started, the reduction gearbox 3 drives the ditching ploughshare 14 to ditche, three grooves are formed in parallel in the embodiment, the working machine advances, the land wheel 13 advances, the land wheel shaft rotates along with the land wheel 13, the chain wheel on the land wheel shaft drives the transition wheel 49 to rotate through a chain, the seedling placing shaft 44 is driven by the chain to rotate, meanwhile, the seedling placing driving wheel 34 rotates to drive the seedling placing chain 32 and the seedling placing chain plates 12 to rotate, when the seedling placing chain plates 12 rotate to the seedling placing chain plates 12, the medicinal seedlings Miao Jiange and fall into the ditching grooves when the seedling placing chain plates 12 are overturned, simultaneously, the reduction gearbox 2 transmits power to the total transmission shaft 43, the total transmission shaft 43 rotates, the soil is driven by the chain plate 37 rotates, and the soil is driven by the soil placing plate 37 to rotate, and the soil is driven by the soil is conveyed to the soil plate 38 to rotate along with the soil placing plate 37.

The shaping screw body 10 rotates, the shaping screw body 10 of left and right spirals levels the ditch groove of the planted medicinal material seedling, the film laying roller 25 at the rear end lays the film, the outcrop cultivation of the medicinal material seedling can be completed by setting the position of the film laying roller 25, after film laying, the earthing screw body 18 conveys soil to the earthing plate 8 and can enable fallen soil to just press two sides of the mulching film after blocking and shunting by the guide plate 19. And then spreading the film by a film spreading roller 23 to finish cultivation and planting.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a codonopsis pilosula astragalus root is cultivated and is spread membrane earthing combined operation machine, includes land wheel (13), frame (1), and traction frame (3), characterized by are equipped with to the front end of frame (1): a plurality of ditching ploughshares (14) are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the frame (1) in parallel, a seedling box (6) is arranged on the frame (1) behind the ditching ploughshares (14), a seat (4) is arranged on the side part of the seedling box (6), a plurality of inclined seedling arranging mechanisms (15) are arranged in the seedling box (6) at intervals, each seedling arranging mechanism (15) comprises a rotatable seedling arranging chain (32), a plurality of seedling arranging chain plates (12) for placing medicinal seedlings are uniformly distributed on each pendulum Miao Lian (32), and the lower part of each pendulum Miao Lian (32) obliquely extends to the lower part of the frame (1); the soil covering mechanism comprises a soil covering bin arranged at the rear of the frame (1), the soil covering bin is communicated with the upper part of the soil covering device (11), the soil covering bin is provided with a soil covering spiral body (18), the soil covering spiral body (18) is composed of a second left spiral body (30) and a second right spiral body (31), a soil covering plate (8) is arranged at the side part of the rear end of the frame (1), a plurality of groups of guide plates (19) are arranged on the soil covering plate (8) at intervals, the guide plates (19) are V-shaped baffle plates, and a plurality of film paving mechanisms matched with the seedling mechanism are further arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the frame (1) at intervals.

2. The combined machine for cultivating and spreading and earthing radix codonopsis and astragalus mongholicus at outcrop according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the soil feeding device (11) comprises a machine base, a rotatable soil feeding chain (37) is arranged in the machine base, and a plurality of soil feeding plates (38) are uniformly distributed on the soil feeding chain (37).

3. The combined machine for cultivating and spreading and earthing radix codonopsis and astragalus mongholicus at outcrop according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: film hanging columns (21) are fixed on two sides of the bottom of the rear end of the frame (1), film hanging rods (26) are fixed on the film hanging columns (21), each film laying mechanism comprises film laying rollers (25) uniformly arranged on the film hanging rods (26), film stretching rods (22) are fixed on two ends of the film hanging columns (21), and film stretching rollers (23) are fixed on the film stretching rods (22).

4. A combined machine for cultivating and spreading film and covering soil for the outcrop of radix codonopsis pilosulae and radix astragali according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that: the utility model provides a fertilizer injection unit is equipped with on frame (1) in ditching share (14) the place ahead, fertilizer injection unit is including installing the fertilization frame on frame (1), fertilization case (17) are equipped with at the top of fertilization frame, a plurality of fertilization mouths are opened to the bottom equipartition of fertilization case (17), the lower extreme of fertilization mouth is connected with first row of fertile pipe (41), it is equipped with row fertile axle (40) to run through in every first row of fertile pipe (41), it is transmitted by land wheel (13) to arrange fertile axle (40), it installs on the fertilization frame to arrange the both ends of fertile axle (40), be fixed with on arranging fertile axle (40) in first row of fertile pipe (41) and dial round (42), the bottom of first row of fertile pipe (41) is connected with second row of fertile pipe (16), the lower extreme of second row of fertile pipe (16) passes frame (1).

5. The combined machine for cultivating, spreading and earthing radix codonopsis and astragalus mongholicus in outcrop mode according to claim 4, wherein the combined machine is characterized in that: the seedling swinging mechanism (15) comprises a seedling swinging shaft (44) arranged on the frame (1), the seedling swinging shaft (44) is driven by the land wheel (13), a plurality of seedling swinging driving wheels (34) are uniformly distributed on the seedling swinging shaft (44), the seedling swinging driving wheels (34), a carrier roller (33) arranged on the frame (1) and a seedling swinging chain (32) arranged on a seedling swinging driven wheel (35) arranged at the lower part of the frame (1) are sleeved on the seedling swinging driven wheel.

6. The combined machine for cultivating, spreading and earthing radix codonopsis and astragalus mongholicus in outcrop mode according to claim 5, wherein the combined machine is characterized in that: the front end of the frame (1) is provided with a reduction gearbox (2), the reduction gearbox (2) is driven by an output shaft of a matched four-wheel tractor, a shaft head of the reduction gearbox (2) is connected with a total transmission shaft (43) arranged at the rear end of the frame (1) through a chain, two sides of the total transmission shaft (43) are uniformly provided with soil feeding driving wheels (39), the soil feeding driving wheels (39) are sleeved with soil feeding chains (37), and the other ends of the soil feeding chains (37) are sleeved on soil feeding driven wheels (36); one shaft end of the total transmission shaft (43) is provided with a total transmission wheel (20), and the total transmission wheel (20) transmits power to the shaping screw body (10) and the earthing screw body (18) through a chain.

7. The combined machine for cultivating and spreading and earthing radix codonopsis and astragalus mongholicus at outcrop according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the seedling placing frames (5) are arranged on the frames (1) at two sides of the seedling placing box (6), and a plurality of seedling placing trays (48) are arranged on the seedling placing frames (5) from bottom to top; the seats (4) are arranged on the frames (1) at the two sides of the seedling box (6).

8. The combined machine for cultivating and spreading and earthing radix codonopsis and astragalus mongholicus at outcrop according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: screw sleeves (45) are fixed on two sides of the frame (1) close to the shaping screw body (10), an adjusting screw (50) is matched in the screw sleeves (45), a positioning plate (9) is fixed after the lower end of the adjusting screw (50) extends out of the screw sleeves (45), and the shaft end of the shaping screw body (10) is arranged on the positioning plate (9); and adjusting sleeves (7) are fixed on two sides of the frame (1) close to the land wheel (13), adjusting screws are connected in the adjusting sleeves (7) in a threaded manner, and the adjusting screws are connected with shafts of the land wheel (13).