CN112544363A - Planting method for intercropping eggplants and peppers in dragon orchard - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/26—Meliaceae [Chinaberry or Mahogany family], e.g. mahogany, langsat or neem
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, in particular to a method for intercropping eggplants and hot peppers in a dragon orchard, wherein hot peppers and eggplants are intercropped in one season in a dragon fruit planting field one year; planting early-maturing eggplants in the middle of dragon fruit rows in the first ten-day of 12 months, and planting in a ridging mode of one-ridge single row, wherein the width of a ridge surface is 55-60cm, the height of the ridge is 8-10cm, and the ridge interval is 20-25 cm; in the second season, planting medium-ripened peppers among the rows of the dragon fruits in the last 9 months of the next year, and planting the peppers in a ridging mode of one-ridge and two-row, wherein the width of the ridge surface is 80-90cm, the height of the ridge is 10-12cm, and the distance between the ridges is 40-50 cm. The method reasonably intercrops the eggplants and the peppers among the dragon fruits, fully utilizes the vacant land among the dragon fruits, and the eggplants and the peppers do not compete for fertilizer, light and water with the dragon fruits; by utilizing the growth characteristics of eggplants and peppers, the eggplants and the peppers are planted for one season each year, and the income per mu can reach more than 4000 yuan/year; meanwhile, intertillage and weeding among the rows of the dragon fruits can be reduced, the management cost is reduced, and the comprehensive production benefit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for intercropping eggplants and peppers in a dragon orchard.
Background
Pitaya, also known as red dragon fruit, green dragon fruit, Xianmei fruit, belong to the cactaceae, genus Petasites cultivar. The pitaya has unique flavor and rich nutrition, is rich in nutrients such as protein, dietary fiber, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin C, trace elements and the like, and is a fruit which is popular with consumers in recent years.
At present, the planting mode of more adopting the simplification in dragon orchard has following problem: (1, the dragon fruit is a succulent plant growing in climbing for many years, columnar cultivation is mostly used during cultivation, the stem of the dragon fruit grows in a manner of climbing on a stand column, the stand columns are 1-3 meters apart, the planting row spacing is wide, the dragon fruit starts to enter a high-yield period in the third year, and the defects of large investment cost and low land utilization rate in the initial stage of orchard cultivation exist, (2) the flowering period of the dragon fruit is from the middle and lower ten days of 5 months to the middle and upper ten days of 10 months, the fruit picking period is from the lower ten days of 6 months to the upper ten days of 12 months, and the period from 12 months to the next 5 months is the upper empty stage of the dragon fruit, the land is basically in an idle state and low in utilization rate, the soil is not covered, the natural water content is low, the growth of microorganisms in the soil is not facilitated, the growth of the next year dragon fruit tree is influenced, (3) the variety of the dragon fruit garden is single and the insect damage easily occurs due to the problems of the single planting mode, at present, a plurality of researchers research the intercropping of the pitaya and other plants, but the intercropping of the pitaya and other plants mainly comprises intercropping pasture or green manure, and the research on the aspect of intercropping vegetables is less.
The invention provides a planting method for intercropping eggplants and peppers in a dragon orchard by analyzing the growth characteristics of a large number of vegetables and researching the influence of different factors on intercropping of the vegetables and the dragon fruits by researchers. At present, no report is found on the research of intercropping eggplants and hot peppers in a dragon orchard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a planting method for intercropping eggplants and peppers in a dragon orchard, which is characterized in that the eggplants and the peppers are intercropped in the vacant space of lines of the dragon orchard, so that the utilization rate of the land is improved, the management cost of the dragon orchard is reduced, and the comprehensive production benefit is increased; the method is realized by the following technical scheme:
a planting method for intercropping eggplants and peppers in a dragon orchard specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting land: selecting an area with the altitude below 600m, the temperature of 1 month being more than 0 ℃ and the gradient being less than 15 ℃ as a dragon fruit planting area:
(2) planting dragon fruits: the method comprises the following steps of planting dragon fruits on a single column with a plant-row spacing of 2m multiplied by 3m, selecting strong dragon fruit branches without diseases and insect pests, wherein the length of the dragon fruit branches is 60-80cm, and the dragon fruit branches are directly cut around cement piles in the middle and late 3 months; the cuttage density of the dragon fruit branches is 444 plants/mu;
(3) intercropping in the first season: selecting early-maturing eggplant varieties, sowing and growing seedlings in the middle of 11 months, deeply ploughing the interrow soil of the dragon fruits in the last 12 months, applying soil conditioners, ridging and transplanting eggplant seedlings, covering mulching films and adding small arched sheds after transplanting, and harvesting from 3 months to 5 months later in the next year;
(4) intercropping in the second season: selecting medium-ripeness pepper varieties, sowing and growing seedlings in the middle of 8 months of the next year, deeply ploughing interrow soil of the pitaya in the last 9 months of the next year, ridging and transplanting pepper seedlings, covering mulching films after transplanting, and harvesting from 11-month-first to 12-month-last days of the next year.
Preferably, in the step (3), the ridging mode is one ridge and one row, the width of the ridge surface is 50-60cm, the height of the ridge is 8-10cm, and the ridge distance is 20-25 cm.
Preferably, the planting distance of the eggplant seedlings in ridge cultivation is about 30 cm.
Preferably, in the step (4), the ridging mode is one ridge and two rows, the width of the ridge surface is 80-90cm, the height of the ridge is 10-12cm, and the ridge interval is 40-50 cm.
Preferably, the plant of the pepper seedlings is about 40cm when the pepper seedlings are planted on the ridges, and the row spacing is about 50 cm.
Preferably, in the step (4), the soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of corn straw powder, 20-30 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 15-20 parts of wormcast, 10-15 parts of activated carbon powder, 10-15 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 6-10 parts of grass carbon, 3-5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4-5 parts of diammonium phosphate and 2-3 parts of composite microbial inoculum.
Preferably, the composite microbial inoculum is a liquid microbial inoculum, wherein the composite microbial inoculum contains bacillus subtilis, pseudomonas and streptomyces, and the concentration of each strain is 6-8 multiplied by 108cfu/ml
Preferably, the preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps: mixing corn straw powder and traditional Chinese medicine residues, adding cellulase with the mass of 0.5-1% of the corn straw powder, and treating for 5-6 hours to obtain a decomposition mixture; then uniformly mixing the decomposed mixture with decomposed sheep manure, wormcast and activated carbon powder, adding a complex microbial inoculum, controlling the water content of the complex microbial inoculum to be 30-40%, and performing heap fermentation at the temperature of 22-25 ℃ for about one week to obtain a fermented mixed mixture; and uniformly stirring the fermented mixture, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the diammonium phosphate.
The above herb residue is a mixture of cortex Meliae herb residue, radix Glycyrrhizae herb residue, and cortex Magnoliae officinalis herb residue.
The method adopts the specially-prepared soil conditioner to treat the interrow dragon fruits after the intercropping of the eggplants, can effectively kill the soil-borne diseases of the eggplants, such as verticillium wilt and the like, improves the physical properties of the soil, and prevents the soil from influencing the subsequent planting of hot peppers.
The invention researches the influence of different ridging transplanting modes on the growth characteristics and the yield of eggplants and hot peppers, and the results are shown in tables 1 and 2:
TABLE 1 influence of different ridging and transplanting methods on the growth characteristics and yield of eggplant
TABLE 2 influence of different ridging and transplanting methods on growth characteristics and yield of capsicum
As can be seen from Table 1, the growth rate and yield of the eggplants are comprehensively considered, the best ridging mode of the eggplants is one-ridge single-row mode, the best distance of the ridge surface is 40-50cm, and the plant spacing is about 30 cm. As can be seen from Table 2, the optimal ridging mode of the peppers is one ridge and two rows, the plant spacing is about 40cm, and the row spacing is about 50cm, considering the growth rate and the yield of the peppers comprehensively.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by reasonably intercropping the eggplants and the peppers among the pitaya rows, the vacant land among the pitaya rows is fully utilized, and the land utilization rate is improved; the eggplants and the peppers do not compete for fertilizer, light and water with the dragon fruits, and the growth of the cutting branches of the dragon fruits is not influenced; by utilizing the growth characteristics of the eggplants and the peppers, the solid eggplants and the peppers are harvested in one season in one year, and meanwhile, the soil nutrient imbalance or the vicious circle of plant diseases and insect pests caused by continuous cropping can be effectively avoided. By the intercropping method, the income per mu of crops can reach more than 4000 yuan within one year; meanwhile, the intertillage weeding frequency of the dragon garden can be reduced, the management cost is reduced, and the comprehensive production benefit is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further defined below with reference to the specific embodiments, but the scope of the claims is not limited to the description.
Example 1
A planting method for intercropping eggplants and peppers in a dragon orchard specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting land: selecting an area with the altitude of 400m, the temperature of 1 month of over 0 ℃ and the gradient of 6 degrees as a dragon fruit planting area:
(2) planting dragon fruits: the method comprises the following steps of planting dragon fruits on a single column with a plant row spacing of 2m multiplied by 3m, selecting strong dragon fruit branches without diseases and insect pests which grow for 1-2 years, wherein the length of the dragon fruit branches is 60-80cm, the dragon fruit branches are directly cut around cement piles in the middle and late 3 months, and the cutting density is 444 plants/mu;
(3) intercropping in the first season: selecting early-maturing eggplant varieties, sowing and raising seedlings in the middle ten days of 11 months, and after deeply ploughing the soil between the rows of the pitaya in the last ten days of 12 months, ridging in a single-row mode, wherein the width of the ridge surface is 50cm, the height of the ridge is 8-10cm, and the ridge interval is 20 cm; then, planting eggplant seedlings on the ridges according to the plant spacing of about 30 cm; covering with a mulching film after cultivation, adding a small arched shed, and harvesting from 3 to 5 ten days of the next year; wherein the height of the small arched shed from the mulching film is 50 cm;
(4) intercropping in the second season: selecting medium-ripened pepper varieties, sowing and raising seedlings in the middle 8 months of the next year, applying soil conditioner after deeply ploughing the soil between the rows of the pitaya in the last 9 months of the next year, ridging in a one-ridge and two-row mode, wherein the width of a ridge surface is 80cm, the height of the ridge is 10-12cm, and the distance between the ridges is 40 cm; then, pepper seedlings are cultivated on the ridges according to the plant spacing of about 40cm and the row spacing of about 50 cm; and covering with a mulching film after cultivation, and harvesting from 11 to 12 months of the year.
The soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30kg of corn straw powder, 20kg of decomposed sheep manure, 15kg of wormcast, 10kg of activated carbon powder, 10kg of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 6kg of grass carbon, 3kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4kg of diammonium phosphate and 2kg of composite microbial inoculum.
The composite microbial inoculum is a liquid microbial inoculum, wherein the composite microbial inoculum contains bacillus subtilis, pseudomonas and streptomyces, and the concentration of each strain is 6-8 multiplied by 108cfu/ml
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps: mixing corn straw powder and traditional Chinese medicine residues, adding cellulase with the mass of 0.5% of the corn straw powder, and treating for 5 hours to obtain a decomposition mixture; then uniformly mixing the decomposed mixture with decomposed sheep manure, wormcast and activated carbon powder, adding a complex microbial inoculum, controlling the water content of the complex microbial inoculum to be 30-40%, and performing heap fermentation at the temperature of 22-25 ℃ for about one week to obtain a fermented mixed mixture; and uniformly stirring the fermented mixture, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the diammonium phosphate.
The above Chinese medicinal residue is mixture of cortex Meliae residue, Glycyrrhrizae radix residue, and cortex Magnolia officinalis residue.
Example 2
A planting method for intercropping eggplants and peppers in a dragon orchard specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting land: selecting an area with sea of 300m, temperature of more than 0 ℃ in 1 month and gradient of 4 degrees as a dragon fruit planting area:
(2) planting dragon fruits: the method comprises the following steps of planting dragon fruits on a single column with a plant row spacing of 2m multiplied by 3m, selecting strong dragon fruit branches without diseases and insect pests which grow for 1-2 years, wherein the length of the dragon fruit branches is 60-80cm, the dragon fruit branches are directly cut around cement piles in the middle and late 3 months, and the cutting density is 444 plants/mu;
(3) intercropping in the first season: selecting early-maturing eggplant varieties, sowing and raising seedlings in the middle ten days of 11 months, and after deeply ploughing the soil between the rows of the pitaya in the last ten days of 12 months, ridging in a single-row mode, wherein the width of the ridge surface is 50cm, the height of the ridge is 8-10cm, and the ridge interval is 25 cm; then, planting eggplant seedlings on the ridges according to the plant spacing of about 30 cm; covering with a mulching film after cultivation, adding a small arched shed, and harvesting from 3 to 5 ten days of the next year; wherein the height of the small arched shed from the mulching film is 60 cm;
(4) intercropping in the second season: selecting medium-ripened pepper varieties, sowing and raising seedlings in the middle 8 months of the next year, applying soil conditioner after deeply ploughing the soil between the rows of the pitaya in the last 9 months of the next year, ridging in a one-ridge and two-row mode, wherein the width of a ridge surface is 80cm, the height of the ridge is 10-12cm, and the ridge interval is 50 cm; then, pepper seedlings are cultivated on the ridges according to the plant spacing of about 40cm and the row spacing of about 50 cm; and covering with a mulching film after cultivation, and harvesting from 11 to 12 months of the year.
The soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35kg of corn straw powder, 24kg of decomposed sheep manure, 18kg of wormcast, 12kg of activated carbon powder, 12kg of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 8kg of grass carbon, 4kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4.5kg of diammonium phosphate and 2.5kg of composite microbial inoculum.
The composite microbial inoculum is a liquid microbial inoculum, wherein the composite microbial inoculum contains bacillus subtilis, pseudomonas and streptomyces, and the concentration of each strain is 6-8 multiplied by 108cfu/ml
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps: mixing corn straw powder and traditional Chinese medicine residues, adding cellulase with the mass of 0.6% of the corn straw powder, and treating for 5 hours to obtain a decomposition mixture; then uniformly mixing the decomposed mixture with decomposed sheep manure, wormcast and activated carbon powder, adding a complex microbial inoculum, controlling the water content of the complex microbial inoculum to be 30-40%, and performing heap fermentation at the temperature of 22-25 ℃ for about one week to obtain a fermented mixed mixture; and uniformly stirring the fermented mixture, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the diammonium phosphate.
The above Chinese medicinal residue is mixture of cortex Meliae residue, Glycyrrhrizae radix residue, and cortex Magnolia officinalis residue.
Example 3
A planting method for intercropping eggplants and peppers in a dragon orchard specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting land: selecting an area with an altitude of 100m, an average temperature of more than 0 ℃ in 1 month and a gradient of 10 degrees as a dragon fruit planting area:
(2) planting dragon fruits: the method comprises the following steps of planting dragon fruits on a single column with a plant row spacing of 2m multiplied by 3m, selecting strong dragon fruit branches without diseases and insect pests which grow for 1-2 years, wherein the length of the dragon fruit branches is 60-80cm, the dragon fruit branches are directly cut around cement piles in the middle and late 3 months, and the cutting density is 444 plants/mu;
(3) intercropping in the first season: selecting early-maturing eggplant varieties, sowing and raising seedlings in the middle ten days of 11 months, and after deeply ploughing the soil between the rows of the pitaya in the last ten days of 12 months, ridging in a single-row mode, wherein the width of the ridge surface is 60cm, the height of the ridge is 8-10cm, and the ridge interval is 25 cm; then, planting eggplant seedlings on the ridges according to the plant spacing of about 30 cm; covering with a mulching film after cultivation, adding a small arched shed, and harvesting from 3 to 5 ten days of the next year; wherein the height of the small arched shed from the mulching film is 50 cm;
(4) intercropping in the second season: selecting medium-ripened pepper varieties, sowing and raising seedlings in the middle 8 months of the next year, applying soil conditioner after deeply ploughing the soil between the rows of the pitaya in the last 9 months of the next year, ridging in a one-ridge and two-row mode, wherein the width of a ridge surface is 90cm, the height of the ridge is 10-12cm, and the ridge interval is 50 cm; then, pepper seedlings are cultivated on the ridges according to the plant spacing of about 40cm and the row spacing of about 50 cm; and covering with a mulching film after cultivation, and harvesting from 11 to 12 months of the year.
The soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40kg of corn straw powder, 30kg of decomposed sheep manure, 20kg of wormcast, 15kg of activated carbon powder, 15kg of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 10kg of grass carbon, 5kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5kg of diammonium phosphate and 3kg of composite microbial inoculum.
The composite microbial inoculum is a liquid microbial inoculum, wherein the composite microbial inoculum contains bacillus subtilis, pseudomonas and streptomyces, and the concentration of each strain is 6-8 multiplied by 108cfu/ml
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps: mixing corn straw powder and traditional Chinese medicine residues, adding cellulase with the mass of 1% of the corn straw powder, and treating for 6 hours to obtain a decomposition mixture; then uniformly mixing the decomposed mixture with decomposed sheep manure, wormcast and activated carbon powder, adding a complex microbial inoculum, controlling the water content of the complex microbial inoculum to be 30-40%, and performing heap fermentation at the temperature of 22-25 ℃ for about one week to obtain a fermented mixed mixture; and uniformly stirring the fermented mixture, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the diammonium phosphate.
The above Chinese medicinal residue is mixture of cortex Meliae residue, Glycyrrhrizae radix residue, and cortex Magnolia officinalis residue.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is different from example 3 in that a soil conditioner is applied before eggplant is transplanted.
The effect of examples 1-3 and comparative example 1 in one year was counted, as shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3
It should be noted that the above examples and test examples are only for further illustration and understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not to be construed as further limitations of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the invention which does not highlight essential features and significant advances made by those skilled in the art still belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A planting method for intercropping eggplants and peppers in a dragon orchard is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting land: selecting an area with the altitude below 600m, the temperature of 1 month being more than 0 ℃ and the gradient being less than 15 ℃ as a dragon fruit planting area:
(2) planting dragon fruits: the method comprises the following steps of planting dragon fruits on a single column with a plant-row spacing of 2m multiplied by 3m, selecting strong dragon fruit branches without diseases and insect pests, wherein the length of the dragon fruit branches is 60-80cm, and the dragon fruit branches are directly cut around cement piles in the middle and late 3 months;
(3) intercropping in the first season: selecting early-maturing eggplant varieties, sowing and growing seedlings in the middle of 11 months, deeply ploughing interrow soil of the dragon fruits in the last ten days of 12 months, ridging and transplanting eggplant seedlings, covering mulching films and adding small arched sheds after transplanting, and harvesting from 3 last ten days to 5 last days of the next year;
(4) intercropping in the second season: selecting medium-ripeness pepper varieties, sowing and growing seedlings in the middle of 8 months of the next year, deeply ploughing interrow soil of the pitaya in the last 9 months of the next year, applying soil conditioners, ridging and transplanting pepper seedlings, covering mulching films after transplanting, and harvesting from the first 11 months to the last 12 months of the next year.
2. The planting method for intercropping eggplant and pepper as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the ridging mode is one ridge and one row, the width of the ridge surface is 55-60cm, the height of the ridge is 8-10cm, and the distance between the ridges is 20-25 cm.
3. The method for planting pitaya and pepper as claimed in claims 1 and 3, wherein the row spacing of the eggplant seedlings when being planted in the ridge is about 25 cm.
4. The method for intercropping eggplant and pepper as claimed in claim 1. The method is characterized in that in the step (4), the ridging mode is one ridge and two rows, the width of the ridge surface is 80-90cm, the height of the ridge is 10-12cm, and the ridge interval is 40-50 cm.
5. The method for planting pitaya and pepper as claimed in claims 1 and 4, wherein the seedlings of pepper have about 40cm of plant length and about 50cm of row spacing when they are planted in ridges.
6. The planting method of pitaya intercropping eggplant and pepper as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of corn straw powder, 20-30 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 15-20 parts of wormcast, 10-15 parts of activated carbon powder, 10-15 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 6-10 parts of grass carbon, 3-5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4-5 parts of diammonium phosphate and 2-3 parts of composite microbial inoculum.
7. The planting method of pitaya intercropping eggplant and pepper as claimed in claim 6, wherein the compound microbial agent is a liquid microbial agent containing bacillus subtilis, pseudomonas and streptomyces, and the concentration of each strain is 6-8 x 108cfu/ml
8. The planting method of pitaya intercropping eggplant and pepper as claimed in claim 6, wherein the preparation method of the soil conditioner is as follows: mixing corn straw powder and traditional Chinese medicine residues, adding cellulase with the mass of 0.5-1% of the corn straw powder, and treating for 5-6 hours to obtain a decomposition mixture; then uniformly mixing the decomposed mixture with decomposed sheep manure, wormcast and activated carbon powder, adding a complex microbial inoculum, controlling the water content of the complex microbial inoculum to be 30-40%, and performing heap fermentation at the temperature of 22-25 ℃ for about one week to obtain a fermented mixed mixture; and uniformly stirring the fermented mixture, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the diammonium phosphate.
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