CN112514680A - Flower and fruit retention method for mangoes - Google Patents
Flower and fruit retention method for mangoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN112514680A CN112514680A CN202011556286.3A CN202011556286A CN112514680A CN 112514680 A CN112514680 A CN 112514680A CN 202011556286 A CN202011556286 A CN 202011556286A CN 112514680 A CN112514680 A CN 112514680A
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- 235000014826 Mangifera indica Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 235000004936 Bromus mango Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 235000009184 Spondias indica Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 240000007228 Mangifera indica Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 241001093152 Mangifera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000003124 biologic agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000249058 Anthracothorax Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 241000233679 Peronosporaceae Species 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000488583 Panonychus ulmi Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/10—Animals; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
- A01N65/385—Tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G2013/004—Liquid mulch
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mango flower and fruit retention method, which comprises the following steps: step (1), pruning; step (2), spraying a biological agent; step (3), thinning; screening diseased branches and diseased fruits, burning in time, ensuring good illumination conditions and ventilation conditions through pruning, spraying a self-made biological agent according to different growth stages of the mango trees to form a protective film existing for a long time on the surface of a mango spike, isolating acid rain, ensuring good illumination conditions and good ventilation conditions through flower thinning, screening the diseased branches and the diseased fruits, burning in time, sterilizing in time, and preventing downy mildew from infecting among the mango trees to cause a large-range disease.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mango planting, in particular to a mango flower and fruit retention method.
Background
Mango is one of famous tropical fruits, has a plurality of nutrient contents, is one of primary production places in China, has a long planting history, and has been proved by examination that the mango is introduced from India to be planted in the Tang Dynasty, is developed rapidly especially for nearly half a century, becomes an important characteristic agricultural industry in tropical regions, has become a large mango producing country at present, and plays an important role in the fruit industry development in China.
The mango serving as the support industry in China mainly comprises Taiwan, Guangxi, Guandong, Hainan and Fujian southern regions, wherein the Yunnan, the southeast, the southwest and the four-river Panzhihua regions are all planted, except Taiwan provinces, about 100 counties (cities) have mango distribution and production, and the mango distribution is mainly distributed in the provinces such as the Hainan, the Guangdong, the Guangxi, the Yunnan, the Fujian and the four-river.
In the mango planting process, measures need to be taken to protect flowers and fruits of mango trees, so that the harvest of mango trees is guaranteed, and the income of growers is guaranteed, downy mildew is one of the factors which have the greatest influence on flower and fruit protection of mango trees at present, downy mildew refers to plant diseases caused by downy mildew in fungi, the downy mildew can occur in each stage from seedling to harvest, the damage of adult plants is serious, the optimum attack temperature of the downy mildew is 16-24 ℃, and the optimum attack humidity is more than 85%, so the plum rain season is the high-incidence period of the downy mildew.
When the rainy season comes temporarily, rain is mostly acid rain in rainy days, contact time between mango flowers and the acid rain is too long in rainy days for a long time, the mango flowers are poisoned by the acid rain and easily suffer from downy mildew, and the control on the downy mildew in the existing mango flower and fruit retention method is rough, so that the downy mildew is prevented and treated more frequently, the harvest of mango trees is low, huge loss is brought to growers, and the income of the growers is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mango flower and fruit retention method, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the prevention and control of downy mildew is rough, the downy mildew is caused to be high in disease, the harvest of mango trees is low, huge loss is brought to growers, and the income of the growers is greatly reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for flower and fruit retention of mangoes comprises the following steps:
step (1), pruning:
trimming the dense parts of mango branches before mango flower bud differentiation, subtracting excessive thin and weak branches, and reserving 2-3 tips per branch;
step (2), spraying a biological agent:
spraying a self-made biological agent according to different growth stages of the mango trees, and spraying 0.3-0.5 kg of the biological agent on each mango tree on average;
step (3), flower thinning:
after flower buds of mango trees are differentiated, thinning the flowers of the mango bouquets or the dense flowers, and cutting off lateral flowering branches of the base 1/3 of dense inflorescences;
screening diseased branches and diseased fruits, and burning in time:
regularly screening the mango trees, in case of the diseased branches and the diseased fruits, timely cutting off the diseased branches and the diseased fruits, burning the diseased branches and the diseased fruits in time, and spraying soil with a bactericide to the soil below the mango trees with diseased branches.
Preferably, the spraying process of the biological agent in the step (2) is as follows:
step 1, observing flower buds of the treetops after the biological tip control of the mango trees is finished, and spraying a biological agent once when the flower buds of the treetops begin to differentiate;
step 2, spraying a biological agent once when the flower spikes grow to 5cm after the flower buds of the mango trees are differentiated;
step 3, when the mango spikes completely stop growing, and the mango flowers start to bloom, spraying a biological agent once;
step 4, spraying a biological agent once from mango setting to the end of the first physiological fruit dropping;
and 5, spraying the biological agent once when the mango grows until the kernel of the mango begins to generate the diesel, observing for two days, and timely bagging if the fruit peel has no insect pest and disease.
Preferably, the spraying range of the biological agent in the step 1-5 is two sides of mango tree leaves, branches and trunks.
Preferably, the biological agent in the step 1-5 is a mixed solution of a tobacco leaf powder solution, a washing powder solution, a fish meal solution and a cassava powder solution.
Preferably, the bactericide in the step (4) is a copper sulfate solution, and the mass percentage of copper sulfate in the solution is 1%.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a mango flower and fruit retention method, which ensures good illumination conditions and ventilation conditions through pruning, forms a protective film existing for a long time on the surface of a mango ear of flower by spraying a self-made biological agent according to different growth stages of mango trees, isolates acid rain, ensures good illumination conditions and good ventilation conditions through flower thinning, screens diseased branches and diseased fruits, burns and sterilizes in time, prevents downy mildew from infecting mango trees, causes large-scale disease occurrence, and compared with the prior art, the mango flower and fruit retention method has rough control on downy mildew and causes high downy mildew disease, thereby causing low harvest of mango trees, bringing huge loss to planters, and greatly reducing the income of planters, the mango flower and fruit retention method provided by the invention, the damage of acid rain and downy mildew to the mango trees is obviously reduced, the fruit setting rate of the mango trees is ensured, the harvest of the mango trees is obviously improved, and the income of farmers is greatly increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the spraying of a biological agent.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
A method for flower and fruit retention of mangos is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), pruning:
trimming the dense parts of mango branches before flower bud differentiation of mangoes, subtracting excessive thin and weak branches, reserving 2-3 tips per branch, increasing the transmittance of crowns, ensuring good illumination conditions, ensuring good ventilation conditions, and avoiding the phenomenon that the mango branches are too dense, so that the mango branches are not illuminated sufficiently and are easily affected by humidity, thereby forming downy mildew;
step (2), spraying a biological agent:
spraying a self-made biological agent according to different growth stages of the mango trees, averagely spraying 0.3-0.5 kg of the biological agent on each mango tree, wherein the biological agent comprises a mixed solution of a tobacco leaf powder solution, a washing powder solution, a fish meal solution and a cassava powder solution, the tobacco leaf powder is used for preventing and controlling red spiders, preventing the red spiders from invading the mango trees, protecting flowers and fruits of the mango trees, the cassava powder can form a protective film on the surfaces of flower spikes, acid rain is isolated, downy mildew is reduced, the washing powder is used for increasing the viscosity between the protective film formed by the cassava powder and the flower spikes, and ensuring that the protective film is attached to the surfaces of the flower spikes for a long time, and the fish meal is mainly used for attracting flies to pollinate the mango trees, improving the pollination rate and further ensuring the fruit setting;
step (3), flower thinning:
after flower buds of mango trees are differentiated, thinning flowers of bouquet mangos or dense flowers of the mangos, cutting off lateral flowering branches of a base 1/3 of dense inflorescences, ensuring good illumination conditions and good ventilation conditions, and reducing downy mildew;
screening diseased branches and diseased fruits, and burning in time:
regularly screening the mango trees, in case of occurrence of diseased branches and diseased fruits, timely cutting off the diseased branches and the diseased fruits, timely burning the diseased branches and the diseased fruits, spraying soil with a bactericide to the soil below the mango trees with diseased branches, wherein the bactericide is a copper sulfate solution, the mass percent of copper sulfate in the solution is 1%, and by early finding the diseased branches and the diseased fruits, the diseased branches and the diseased fruits are early treated and are timely sterilized to prevent downy mildew from infecting among the mango trees, so that a large range of diseases is caused, and great loss is caused.
Wherein, the spraying flow of the biological agent in the step (2) is as follows:
step 1, observing flower buds of the treetops after the biological tip control of the mango trees is finished, and spraying a biological agent once when the flower buds of the treetops begin to differentiate;
step 2, spraying a biological agent once when the flower spikes grow to 5cm after the flower buds of the mango trees are differentiated;
step 3, when the mango spikes completely stop growing, and the mango flowers start to bloom, spraying a biological agent once;
step 4, spraying a biological agent once from mango setting to the end of the first physiological fruit dropping;
and 5, spraying the biological agent once when the mango grows until the kernel of the mango begins to generate the diesel, observing for two days, and timely bagging if the fruit peel has no insect pest and disease.
Wherein the spraying range of the biological agent in the step 1-5 is two sides of mango tree leaves, branches and trunks.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A method for flower and fruit retention of mangos is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), pruning:
trimming the dense parts of mango branches before mango flower bud differentiation, subtracting excessive thin and weak branches, and reserving 2-3 tips per branch;
step (2), spraying a biological agent:
spraying a self-made biological agent according to different growth stages of the mango trees, and spraying 0.3-0.5 kg of the biological agent on each mango tree on average;
step (3), flower thinning:
after flower buds of mango trees are differentiated, thinning the flowers of the mango bouquets or the dense flowers, and cutting off lateral flowering branches of the base 1/3 of dense inflorescences;
screening diseased branches and diseased fruits, and burning in time:
regularly screening the mango trees, in case of the diseased branches and the diseased fruits, timely cutting off the diseased branches and the diseased fruits, burning the diseased branches and the diseased fruits in time, and spraying soil with a bactericide to the soil below the mango trees with diseased branches.
2. The method for flower and fruit retention of mangos according to claim 1, wherein the spraying process of the biological agent in the step (2) is as follows:
step 1, observing flower buds of the treetops after the biological tip control of the mango trees is finished, and spraying a biological agent once when the flower buds of the treetops begin to differentiate;
step 2, spraying a biological agent once when the flower spikes grow to 5cm after the flower buds of the mango trees are differentiated;
step 3, when the mango spikes completely stop growing, and the mango flowers start to bloom, spraying a biological agent once;
step 4, spraying a biological agent once from mango setting to the end of the first physiological fruit dropping;
and 5, spraying the biological agent once when the mango grows until the kernel of the mango begins to generate the diesel, observing for two days, and timely bagging if the fruit peel has no insect pest and disease.
3. The mango flower and fruit retention method according to claim 2, wherein the biological agent is sprayed in the range of the two sides of mango tree leaves, branches and trunks in the steps 1-5.
4. The method for flower and fruit retention of mangos according to claim 2, wherein the biological agent in the step 1-5 is a mixture of a tobacco leaf powder solution, a washing powder solution, a fish meal solution and a cassava powder solution.
5. The method for flower and fruit retention of mangos according to claim 1, wherein the bactericide in step (4) is copper sulfate solution, and the mass percentage of copper sulfate in the solution is 1%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011556286.3A CN112514680A (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Flower and fruit retention method for mangoes |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011556286.3A CN112514680A (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Flower and fruit retention method for mangoes |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106258718A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-01-04 | 北海康维生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of Fructus Mangifera Indicae flower and fruit protecting |
| CN108496993A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-09-07 | 珠海市润农科技有限公司 | Using tea seed cake powder as the plant protection film agent of surfactant and preparation method and purposes |
| CN109076855A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-25 | 广西田东县东辰农业开发有限公司 | The high-yield planting method of mango |
-
2020
- 2020-12-25 CN CN202011556286.3A patent/CN112514680A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106258718A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-01-04 | 北海康维生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of Fructus Mangifera Indicae flower and fruit protecting |
| CN108496993A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-09-07 | 珠海市润农科技有限公司 | Using tea seed cake powder as the plant protection film agent of surfactant and preparation method and purposes |
| CN109076855A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-25 | 广西田东县东辰农业开发有限公司 | The high-yield planting method of mango |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 农学明: "芒果栽培技术", 现代农业科技 * |
| 吕振华等: "一种创新性果品生长保护剂—三喷果面净", 中国林副特产 * |
| 娄兴: "芒果保花保果综合技术措施", 热带林业 * |
| 王思玲;: "景谷县芒果保花保果促丰产技术初探", 普洱学院学报 * |
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Application publication date: 20210319 |
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