CN101049088A - Method for breeding plant brand of 'Wanchun Hanxiao - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for culturing 'Wanchun michelia' by the hybridization between michelia sphacrantha as female parent and michelia yunnanensis as male parent includes such steps as artificial pollination, putting the flower of female parent in a bag for one week, bearing fruit, picking up the mature fruit, removing pulp, storing in sand, and sowing in the early spring of next year.

Description

The breeding method of plant brand of

Technical field: the breeding method that the invention belongs to the biological technical field plant hybrid, particularly, relate to M. sphaerantha (Michelia sphaerantha) for maternal, Yunnan (M.yunnanensis) with a smile is the method for paternal hybrid cultivation crossbreed process of late spring michelia.

Background technology: the Magnoliaceae seeds are celebrated with large flower and brilliant color, aromatic flavour; there is about 270 kinds of Magnoliacea plant in the world; reason and artificial origin owing to species itself; the 1/3 kind of Magnoliacea plant of having an appointment is tending towards Critical Condition; many in recent years botanists have carried out introducing and planting work, are convenient to protect the Magnoliaceae genetic resources.Though the Magnoliacea plant kind is more, cultivation history is long, and as remote osmanthus (white orchid), yulan, two arbor orchids etc., the kind that is widely used is very not many, and this mainly is limited by the fancy points and the adaptability of Magnoliacea plant itself.And the research of Magnoliacea plant focuses mostly on aspect genealogical classification, introducing and planting.In recent years, though the research dynamics of its development and use increases to some extent, the crossbreeding success is still rare.At present, selection and hybridization are to improve the Magnoliacea plant ornamental value, cultivate the main path of gardening new varieties, and select the distinctive M. sphaerantha in Yunnan (Micheliasphaerantha) (♀) to make female parent, the male parent cross-breeding (♂) is done in Yunnan (M.yunnanensis) with a smile, and report is not arranged in the prior art as yet.

Summary of the invention: the object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly do maternally with M. sphaerantha (Micheliasphaerantha), the method for male parent cross-breeding is made in Yunnan (M.yunnanensis) with a smile.

In order to realize above-mentioned goal of the invention, the invention provides following technical scheme:

The breeding method of process of late spring michelia, (Michelia sphaerantha) is female parent with M. sphaerantha, hybridize for male parent in Yunnan (M.yunnanensis) with a smile, full-bloom stage in male parent is picked flowers, and gathers when singly flower is half-open in earlier stage, removes tepal and gynoecium, androecium is spread out, flower pesticide season crack at room temperature, pollen sheds, and collects pollen and preserves, when maternal flower does not also open, pull open tepal gently, remove stamen, be pollinated to it with the fresh pollen or the storage pollen of male parent, then tepal is restored and the parcel gynoecium, and bagging, remove bag after 1 week, treat to pluck when fruit changes peony into fruit, back collection seed dries in the shade, flush away oil exosper, the husky Tibetan of at room temperature preserving moisture, sowing in 1 year early spring.

In order to obtain better effect, use morning 8:00-9:00 to be pollination time in the above-mentioned breeding method; Storage pollen adopts silica dehydrator, in 2-4 ℃ of low temperature storage; And adopt maternal pollen after treatment, mix the mentor method of being pollinated with paternal pollen at the maternal pollen that detects non-activity on the medium and overcome cross incompatibility between the parent.

Embodiment: followingly further specify essentiality content of the present invention, but content of the present invention is not limited thereto with embodiments of the invention.

Embodiment 1:

Hybrid combination is:

Process of late spring michelia: M. sphaerantha (Michelia sphaerantha) (♀) X Yunnan is had a smile on one's face (M.yunnanensis) (♂)

Materials and methods: when the male parent tepal partly opens, gather flower pesticide, at room temperature allow its season crack, collect pollen.2-4 ℃ of preservation of dry back refrigerator.When maternal flower does not also open, pull open tepal gently, remove stamen, be pollinated to it with the pollen of male parent, then tepal is restored and the parcel gynoecium, and bagging, remove bag after about 1 week.Hybridization time is 8:00-9:00 in the morning.Not Cheng Gong shedding in about month.Seed is collected in the collecting fruit and the back of drying in the shade behind the seed maturity, flush away oil exosper, the husky Tibetan of at room temperature preserving moisture.1 year early spring, sowing divided transplantation of seedlings in good time.Observe the adaptability and the form shape of seedling.Observe through cultivating for many years, the new varieties well-grown, hybrid vigour has been revealed in the F1 representative, all shows tangible especially precocious proterties, only needs 2-5 from seedling to blooming.Concrete and parent's proterties is compared as follows:

Maternal: M. sphaerantha Michelia sphaerantha

Evergreen megaphanerophyte, sprout is by brown fine hair.The leaf keratin, the shape of falling ovum Long Circle or Long Circle, the rapid tip of tip tool does not have hair above the leaf, and below by pubescence, middle arteries and veins is recessed on the blade face, the densification of lateral vein network; Petiole does not have the stipule trace.Floral white, sagging, do not open, tepal 12, long 6-7.5cm, wide 1-2.5cm, narrow obovate, stamen is about 2cm, and gynoecium is by pubescence; The florescence 4-5 month.

Male parent: M.yunnanensis has a smile on one's face in Yunnan

Evergreen shrubs is thick with leaves, 4 meters buds of Gao Keda, spray, above the tender leaf and petiole, bennet close by the calm hair of peony.Leaf hard leather matter, obovate, narrow obovate or the narrow shape of falling ovum ellipse, long 4-10cm, wide 1.5-3.5cm, the blunt or short anxious point of tip circle, the base portion wedge shape, above bottle green, below residual calm hair; The stipule trace be petiole long 2/3 or reach canescence below the acrocont.Bennet is sturdy, floral white, plane or cup-shaped of flare up, fragrance, tepal 6-12 (17), obovate or the shape of falling ovum ellipse, long 3-3.5cm, wide 1-1.5cm, interior wheel is narrower and small, and the long 0.5-1cm of stamen, androecium and gynoecium handle are all by the calm fine, soft fur of bronzing, the florescence 3-4 month.

New varieties: process of late spring michelia be evergreen shrubs to dungarunga, begin branch from basal part of stem, branch is many and close, is turriform; Bud, petiole, spire two sides are by brown down.The leaf keratin, long avette or Long Circle, long 6.5-16 centimetre, wide 2.5-5 centimetre, the rapid tip of tip tool or round blunt slightly, the base portion wedge shape, the blade face bottle green, the blade face does not have hair, the residual brown down in the back side, middle arteries and veins is recessed on the blade face, and the every limit 9-11 of lateral vein, petiole pop-up leaf scar are 1/3 of petiole length.The flower milky, tepal (7) 11-12, narrow obovate or cochlear, long 3.5-6 centimetre, wide 1-2 centimetre, be 3 and take turns arrangement, open and be bell.The florescence 4-5 month.

Process of late spring michelia was bred first in 1998, had after this repeatedly cultivated this crossbreed, and the spring in 2003 bloomed first.As M. sphaerantha special product Yunnan Jing Dong, the screen limit of female parent, be aiphyllium in the original producton location, growth is rapidly, and is many, sagging though flower is big, do not open, and because arid has an of short duration leaf fall period (February) in area, the middle regions of the Yunnan Province, influenced its gardening and be worth.Be evergreen shrubs with a smile as Yunnan of male parent, area, main product the middle regions of the Yunnan Province has drought-resistantly, barren, has certain tolerance to cold.Hundred jade are with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion with a smile, floral white, and many; Diseases and insect pests resistance is strong, and is drought-resistant, barren, has certain tolerance to cold, is suitable for courtyard greening, also can be potted plant, do large-scale potted landscape; After strong the pruning, can become dungarunga, be fit to do street tree.

Main technical points of the present invention is:

1, the collection of pollen and storage.The not durable Tibetan because the life-span of Magnoliacea plant pollen is short, the hybridization concerning between the flowering asynchronism monoid, pollen storage is very crucial.In this research, adopt the storage practice (silica dehydrator, storage in 2-4 ℃) of low temperature drying, the life-span of pollen was extended to about 2 months.

2, adopt method such as mentor, overcome the cross incompatibility between the parent, improve cross compatibility.Maternal pollen detects its activity after treatment on medium, the maternal pollen of non-activity mixes with paternal pollen and is pollinated after testing, can overcome the incompatibility between part hybrid combination parent and obtains crossbreed.

3, in Magnoliacea plant is bloomed, in the time of the driest just, keep column cap moistening be one of key that can hybridization successful, this research adopts two approach moistening with the maintenance column cap, the one, detassel and keep tepal, the 2nd, pollinate in the morning and evening.

4, in Magnoliacea plant, dichogamy phenomenon is arranged, and variety classes is different, as the gynoecium of the most of kind of Magnolia (Magnolia) than the stamen precocity; And the stamen of the most of kind of Michelia (Michelia) is than the gynoecium precocity, and this is a kind of mechanism of cross pollination.Therefore, the biological features of flowering of grasping each parent is another guardian technique of hybridizing successfully.

5, the seed oil content height of Magnoliacea plant easily goes rotten and loses sprouting power, and seed is not drought-resistant.Going exosper, the wet Tibetan is to keep it to sprout the effective measures of power.

6, application prospect: the crossbreed process of late spring michelia that the present invention breeds is evergreen dungarunga or shrub, strain shape grace, growth is fast, the cycle of blooming is short, flourishing with flowers and leaves, and adaptability is originally all strong than father and mother, breeding, cultivation are easily, drought resisting, diseases and insect pests resistance are strong, than impoverishment tolerant, are to be fit to multiple environment open countrys such as flower garden, street, potted plant good gardening new varieties.With luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, floral white, and many; Diseases and insect pests resistance is strong, and is drought-resistant, barren, has certain tolerance to cold, is suitable for courtyard greening, also can be potted plant, do large-scale potted landscape; After strong the pruning, can become dungarunga, be fit to do street tree.Can be applied to also can do potted flower culture on the flower garden, street planting of subtropical zone and some areas, temperate zone.

Claims (4)

1, the breeding method of process of late spring michelia, it is characterized in that with M. sphaerantha (Micheliasphaerantha) be female parent, hybridize for male parent in Yunnan (M.yunnanensis) with a smile, full-bloom stage in male parent is picked flowers, and gathers when singly flower is half-open in earlier stage, removes tepal and gynoecium, androecium is spread out, flower pesticide season crack at room temperature, pollen sheds, and collects pollen and preserves, when maternal flower does not also open, pull open tepal gently, remove stamen, be pollinated to it with the fresh pollen or the storage pollen of male parent, then tepal is restored and the parcel gynoecium, and bagging, remove bag after 1 week, treat to pluck when fruit changes peony into fruit, back collection seed dries in the shade, flush away oil exosper, the husky Tibetan of at room temperature preserving moisture, sowing in 1 year early spring.

2, breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the morning, 8:00-9:00 was a pollination time.

3, breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that storage pollen adopts silica dehydrator, in 2-4 ℃ of low temperature storage.

4, breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that with maternal pollen after treatment, mixes the mentor method of being pollinated with paternal pollen at the maternal pollen that detects non-activity on the medium and overcomes cross incompatibility between the parent.