CN1124244C - Method for mfg. organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Method for mfg. organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1124244C CN1124244C CN96103453A CN96103453A CN1124244C CN 1124244 C CN1124244 C CN 1124244C CN 96103453 A CN96103453 A CN 96103453A CN 96103453 A CN96103453 A CN 96103453A CN 1124244 C CN1124244 C CN 1124244C
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
To produce a fermentation accelerator capable of converting various kinds of animal/vegetable garbage or waste product into an org. fertilizer by fermenting simply in a short time by compounding a specified org. matter, slaked line, humic acid and a specified microorganisms material. This fermentation accelerator is incorporated with (A) the org. matter containing 20wt.% arabinoxylan, (B) the slaked lime, (C) the humic acid and (D) the microorganisms material, and their compounding ratio is A:B:C:D=100:(1-3):(3-10):(5-20) (by wt. ratio). Then, the microorganisms material is a matter obtained by subjecting a mixture consisting of 50-80wt.% org. matter containing >=20wt.% arabinoxylan and 50-20wt.% at least one kind of adhesive mineral material or coals or a starting material comprising primarily of this mixture to the primary fermentation under the presence of a bacteria such as Aspergillus flavus, then subjecting it to the secondary fermentation under the presence of Streptmyces actinomycetes, etc.
Description
The present invention relates to be used as by the method for fermentation raw material manufacturing organic fertilizer and the organic fertilizer that obtains with its method with livestock products waste and/or active sludge.In more detail, the present invention is at least a as by fermentation raw material with what be difficult to find the livestock products waste of purposes and active sludge in the past, through specific technology, produce the method for fertilizer efficiency height, colory organic fertilizer at short notice, and the organic fertilizer that obtains with this method.
Common chemical fertilizer up to now though having immediate effect property because the obstacle of concentration, and has produced the poor growth of plant and withered, has produced problems such as the soil is barren, environmental pollution again when using continuously.Therefore, in order to eliminate the above-mentioned shortcoming of chemical fertilizer, paid attention to organic fertilizer in recent years again.
On the other hand, in animal industry etc., discharge the movement of animals such as a large amount of chicken manures, pig manure, cow dung, perhaps organic waste has been discharged a large amount of active sludge by microbiological treatment.Using and handling of the movement of these motions and active sludge becomes a difficult problem always.From handling sleekly and effectively utilizing point to consider, carried out the trial that various movement and active sludge with animal are made organic fertilizer.
Use is by the movement of animal and active sludge and the organic fertilizer that obtains, be to differ widely with using the chemical fertilizer situation, it can strengthen soil fertility, promotes the growth of plant, even it is barren that continuous use also can not produce the soil, and also have advantage free from environmental pollution., in the movement and active sludge of motion, the moisture content height, and mixed various compositions, its pH value is also unstable, so the balance of microbial flora with which (micropopulation) is often upset, is difficult to breed the micropopulation that fermentation is worked.For this reason, air permeability degenerates, and becomes anaerobic state, and can not successfully ferment, through being easy to take place foul smell for a long time.During winter that particularly envrionment temperature is low, more be difficult to ferment, composting needs the longer time.
Therefore, when movement that uses animal or active sludge etc. are made organic fertilizer, mixing vegetalitas organic substances such as sawdust, wheat bran, straw, fallen leaves in these raw materials that fermented, generally is to adopt the method for fermenting after the moisture content of regulating., decompose composition owing to contain a large amount of difficulty in the vegetalitas organism such as sawdust, be blended in when fermenting in the movement of animal and the active sludge, expect that the compost of complete slaking needs 3～6 months time usually.And the phenol that produces owing to the decomposition that is contained in the xylogen composition in vegetalitas organism acid composition is contained in the organic fertilizer, and its phenol acid becomes branch that the growth of plant is produced inhibition.
In order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, after having proposed at present in the organic waste matter of the high moisture content of livestock waste etc., to add hybrid reactor extensive use of chemical fertilizer thing and of animal or plant nature grease or these waste oil, regulate moisture content below 65%, the method (special public clear 55-37517 communique) of fermenting and making compost; From the organic slurry of discharges such as livestock products processing plant, as moisture adjuster, mix the vegetable seeds dregs of fat and/or castor pomace, regulate moisture content after 55～65%, make the method (spy opens flat 3-290386 communique) of its fermentation manufacturing organic fertilizer etc.These methods in the past have following shortcoming, be in these methods in the past, the value that the moisture content of the organic waste matter of livestock waste and organic slurry etc. is suitable for fermenting is lower, this just requires to use of animal or plant nature grease and its waste matter than higher price, thereby caused the cost height, uneconomical, and when fermentation, produce a large amount of ammonias, the shortcoming that stink is very strong.
Under these conditions, present inventors have carried out repeatedly research for the method for the composting of waste that can carry out livestock waste etc. sleekly and other organic waste.It found that, the resultant that obtains when the organism such as Wheat bran, slaked lime, humic acids and the specific microbial material that cooperate A Ji sugar xylan content with specific ratio more than 20 weight % can become the high organic fertilizer of fertilizer efficiency to livestock products waste and other organic waste at short notice, is very effectively (the flat 6-251532 of patent application number and the flat 6-312411 of patent application number) as fermentation accelerant.
And present inventors are for the composting of the organic waste of livestock products waste etc., and then study from various viewpoints.It found that when using livestock products waste and/or active sludge conduct by fermentation raw material in organic waste, its pH value is adjusted to 7.0～8.5 scope and/or C/N than remaining on scope below 20 and after moisture content is adjusted in the scope of 55～65 weight %, in order to promote fermentation, to wherein adding Wheat bran when fermenting, fermentation unit especially, with extremely simple operation, and can suppress the generation of foul smell, in the short period of time and produce the high organic fertilizer of fertilizer efficiency economically.And then, present inventors find again, replace using individually Wheat bran, use adds the fermentation accelerant that present inventors formerly develop (promptly by the organism of Wheat bran etc. in Wheat bran, slaked lime, the fermentation promotion material that humic acids and specified microorganisms material constitute) Wheat bran mixture, perhaps use and in Wheat bran, add mineral, slaked lime, humic acids, when microbial materials etc. have the Wheat bran mixture more than a kind or 2 kinds of fermentative action composition, can in shorter fermentation time, obtain more fine organic fertilizer, finish the present invention on this basis.
Therefore, use livestock products waste of the present invention and/or active sludge is characterized in that having comprised following operation as by fermentation raw material in the method for manufacturing organic fertilizer,
(i) will be adjusted in the moisture content that livestock products waste and/or active sludge are formed by fermentation raw material 55～65 weight %, pH regulator 7.0～8.5 and C/N than the adjusting operation that is adjusted in below 20; And
(ii) in the adjusting resultant that above-mentioned operation (i) obtains, for being added the operation of fermenting behind the Wheat bran with the ratio of 25～50 weight parts (being converted into dry) by fermentation raw material 100 weight parts (being converted into dry).
Equally, the present invention also comprises the organic fertilizer made from aforesaid method.
Below explain the present invention.
Among the present invention as can be used the raising of pig, ox, horse, sheep, goat and other livestocks by " the livestock products waste " of fermentation raw material and produce in the fecaluria that produces and in the raising of poultries such as chicken, quail, turkey, wild duck, mallard, duck and the fecaluria that produces in producing and the waste of discharging from the processing plant of above-mentioned livestock and poultry (for example slaughter, disintegration, source mill etc.) etc. any a kind.
In addition, among the present invention, as can being used active sludge by fermentation raw material, for the kind of active sludge and content without any restriction.Promptly, known processing or purifying method as organic waste liquid, be in the presence of air and oxygen, to use active sludge, the activated sludge process of carrying out a biological disposal upon, activated sludge process is being utilized in the various fields of foodstuff manufacturing, fiber industry, Pulp industry, chemical industry, leather production, following water treatment field etc. widely aerobicly.And, when handling for above-mentioned various industrial organic wastewater and following water etc. with activated sludge process, in its treating processes, a large amount of active sludge is discharged from as excess sludge, can use any a kind of active sludge that produces as excess sludge in the above-mentioned activated sludge process in the present invention, to its source and the character of active sludge without any restriction.
And as by fermentation raw material, livestock products waste and active sludge can be distinguished independent use or livestock products waste and active sludge and mix and use among the present invention, mixing when using, for both blending ratio without any restriction.
Among the present invention, for livestock products waste and/or active sludge form by fermentation raw material, at first carry out above-mentioned operation (i) [following be referred to as sometimes " regulating operation (i) "].Implement to regulate the preceding livestock products waste of operation (i) and moisture content, pH and the C/N ratio of active sludge, be that source according to livestock products waste and active sludge is with kind etc. and different, generally, moisture content is more than the 70 weight %, major part is 75～85 weight %, pH is about 5～9, and the C/N ratio is about 5～50.In the adjusting operation of the present invention (i), regulate its moisture content, pH and C/N than after, make its moisture content be 55～65 weight %, pH be 7.0～8.5 and C/N than below 20,10～20 resultant (below be referred to as " regulating resultant ") preferably.
Alleged in the present invention regulates operation (i) before, by livestock products waste and/or active sludge form by the moisture content of fermentation raw material, and the moisture content of regulating resultant is at 130 ℃, the value that weight after dry 2 hours reduces, it at length is documented among the following embodiment.
In addition, the preceding C/N ratio of being made up of livestock products waste and/or active sludge by the C/N of fermentation raw material ratio and adjusting resultant of adjusting operation (i) that carries out among the present invention is meant according to C/N serialization (coder), obtain full carbon (C) amount and full nitrogen (N) amount, with its value than (C/N) expression, it is put down in writing as following embodiment in detail.
And then the preceding pH by the pH of fermentation raw material and adjusting resultant that is made up of livestock products waste and/or active sludge of adjusting operation (i) that carries out among the present invention is meant the value of measuring down at normal temperature (25 ℃).
In general, when the moisture content of livestock products waste and/or active sludge reduced, it is very big that its pH value also becomes, sometimes the ratio of its C/N also raises, but in adjusting operation of the present invention (i), is necessary above-mentioned numerical value, be that the C/N ratio is adjusted to below 20, preferably 10～20.
If in the pH less than 7.0 of regulating the adjusting resultant that operation (i) obtains or above 8.5 o'clock, then can next operation (ii) in, then can not make to promote the useful microorganism of composting to act on sleekly, thereby can not obtain the high high-quality organic fertilizer of fertilizer efficiency at short notice.In can be between short-term, carry out next operation (ii) (fermentation procedure) sleekly, regulate adjusting microorganism pH value that operation (i) obtains and be preferably in 7.5～8.0 the scope.
In addition, when regulating the adjusting resultant moisture content that operation (i) obtains if being lower than 55 weight %, then can not ferment fully, fermentation is ended.If when surpassing 65 weight %, then anaerobic fermentation strengthens on the other hand, its result, and the fermenting speed of compost descends.Any situation all can make and can not ferment sleekly at short notice in (ii) in next operation, and can not obtain the organic fertilizer of good matter in very short time.In order to carry out next operation (ii) (fermentation procedure) at short notice sleekly, be preferably in the scope of 58～63 weight % by the moisture content of regulating the adjusting resultant that operation (i) obtains.
And then,, same at the C/N that regulates the adjusting resultant that operation (i) obtains than if be higher than at 20 o'clock, in next operation (ii) can not be between short-term, ferment sleekly, can not obtain the organic fertilizer of good matter between very short yeast phase.Therefore, can implement the viewpoint of next operation fermentation (ii) sleekly in can be between short-term, and the economic point of view that can reduce the usage quantity of the slaking fermented manure that is used to regulate operation (i) and mineral sees, the C/N that regulates resultant is than preferably 10～20.
In regulating operation (i), the pH that will regulate resultant on the one hand is controlled at the close value of forming with livestock products waste and/or active sludge of the pH by fermentation raw material, and the C/N that will regulate resultant on the other hand again is than being controlled at not than under the condition too high before regulating, and the method for the moisture content of regulating and controlling resultant in 55～65 weight % scopes is as follows:
(1) with complete slaking compost (generally its moisture content is about 40～50 weight %, C/N is than below 20) join by livestock products waste and/or active sludge form by in the fermentation raw material, be used for the moisture content of regulating and controlling resultant in the method for 55～65 weight %;
(2) mineral such as vermiculite, perlite, zeolite, diatomite are added to by livestock products waste and/or active sludge form by in the fermentation raw material, be used for the moisture content of regulating and controlling resultant in the method for 55～65 weight % scopes;
(3) mineral substance of enumerating in the fermented manure of the complete slaking of using in the method with above-mentioned (1) and above-mentioned (2) add to by livestock products waste and/or active sludge form by in the fermentation raw material, be used for the moisture content of regulating and controlling resultant in the method for 55～65 weight % ratios.
Employed complete slaking compost in the method for above-mentioned (1) and (3) as long as C/N can use than at the complete slaking fermented manure below 20, has no particular limits for modulator approach and source etc.Wherein also an organic fertilizer part that (ii) obtains through operation of the present invention can be used as the fermented manure that above-mentioned (1) reaches complete slaking in (3) method with the form of so-called " returning compost ".When regulating operation (i),, then can be difficult to obtain the organic fertilizer of good matter at short notice in next operation fermenting process instability (ii) if use C/N than the not slaking compost that is higher than 20.And, slaking compost not, its moisture content is high usually to more than the 55 weight %, so use when the slaking compost is not regulated operation (i), in regulating operation (i), just need to add a large amount of not slaking compost, operational ton increases, and sees it also is undesirable from the cost aspect.
On cost during too not big problem, the method of preferably using mineral such as vermiculite, perlite, zeolite, diatomite to regulate (2) of operation (i), perhaps use the method for the fermented manure and the above-mentioned mineral (3) of well doneization simultaneously, particularly preferably be the method for (2).When using mineral, can use a kind mineral, perhaps also can be also with the mineral more than 2 kinds.Above-mentioned mineral have cellular structure, and water-absorbent is good, can will be remained in the aerobism environment by fermentation raw material, and mineral itself do not decompose, and it is joined by little for the influence of pH value and C/N ratio in the fermentation raw material.Therefore, when using above-mentioned mineral to regulate operation (i), the pH value of regulating resultant can be remained on 7.0～8.5 and C/N than under the condition that remains on below 20, simply its moisture content is adjusted in 55～65 weight %.And have good fermentation character with the adjusting resultant that this method obtains, carry out subsequent processing fermentation (ii) extremely well in can be between short-term.
Regulate the preceding livestock products waste of operation (i) and/or the moisture content of active sludge, pH, it is different that the C/N ratio waits, but use well doneization fermented manure individually when regulating operation (i), in general, for form by livestock products waste and/or active sludge by fermentation raw material (when using livestock products waste and active sludge, its total amount) 100 weight parts, add the fermented manure of complete slaking with the ratio of 150～300 weight parts, can obtain moisture content sleekly is 55～65 weight %, pH7.0～8.5 and C/N are than the adjusting resultant below 20.In addition, when only regulating operation (i) with above-mentioned mineral, in general, for form by livestock products waste and/or active sludge by fermentation raw material (when using livestock products waste and active sludge, with its total amount) 100 weight parts, ratio with 50～100 weight parts adds mineral, and can obtain moisture content sleekly is that 55～65 weight %, pH7.0～8.5 and C/N are than the adjusting resultant below 20.Moreover, using fermented manure and mineral, when regulating operation (i),, moisture content, pH and the C/N ratio of regulating resultant can be controlled within the scope of the invention by both usage ratios of suitable adjusting.
The adjusting resultant that above-mentioned adjusting operation (i) is obtained can obtain organic fertilizer by direct fermentation, but when expecting good organic fertilizer (fermented manure), usually need 1～2 month long-time before the fermentation ends, and follow the ammonia stink of generation to exist chronically during this period, so can not obtain high-quality organic fertilizer sleekly between short-term.
For this reason, among the present invention, taked in the adjusting resultant that above-mentioned adjusting operation (i) obtains, and then added after Wheat bran or Wheat bran be the mixture of principal constituent, carry out fermentation procedure (ii), can produce the good high-quality organic fertilizer of fertilizer efficiency at short notice.
Wheat bran is the crust of wheat groat, the wheat-flour by product when mainly being wheat flour milling.The hemicellulose components that Wheat bran middle and high concentration ground contains (about 35 weight % usually), and the hemicellulose components that is contained in the little bran is the arabinoxylan that contains with a plurality of arabinose side chains.
On the other hand, as contain with the Wheat bran identical component can enumerate rice bran, gluten etc., but when being to use these, its fermentation promoter action is littler than Wheat bran, the fermentative action of Wheat bran is better than other material.
Wheat bran is compared with other rice bran and gluten etc., and the reason of the special good fermentation promoter action that is had in the fermentation system of the present invention that uses livestock products waste and/or active sludge is still indeterminate, is following reason but can infer.
That is, when in the adjusting resultant that comes inherent regulation operation (i), adding Wheat bran, can selectively breed the microorganism that can decompose arabinoxylan, this microorganism can act on effectively by livestock products waste and/or active sludge form by in the fermenting process of fermentation raw material.Wheat bran C/N ratio is that about 15 (and the C/N of rice bran reaches the C/N of gluten than about=10 than about=10) and moisture content are low to below the 15 weight % (and the moisture content of the moisture content of rice bran=about 20 weight % and gluten=about 15 weight %), its result, formed a lot of spaces in the fermented product, by having propagation A Ji sugar xylan resolution microbic activity, slick and sly effect, can obtain the high organic fertilizer of fertilizer efficiency between short-term.
Thereby, carrying out operation of the present invention (ii) the time, in order to regulate the adjusted resultant of operation (i), be necessary use by livestock products waste and/or active sludge forms by fermentation raw material (when use livestock products waste and active sludge, with its total amount) in 100 weight parts (being converted into dry), add Wheat bran or be the mixture of principal constituent with the Wheat bran with the ratio of Wheat bran total amount 25～50 weight parts (being converted into dry).If Wheat bran total amount adding proportion is during less than above-mentioned 25 weight parts (being converted into dry), then fermentation slows down, because heat of fermentation can not increase, fermentation can not be carried out sleekly, can not obtain high-quality organic fertilizer at short notice, similarly, if when being higher than 50 weight parts, produce pH decline phenomenon in fermentation, then fermentation can not be carried out sleekly, can not obtain high-quality organic fertilizer at short notice.In general, in fermentation raw material 100 weight parts of being made up of livestock products waste and/or active sludge (being converted into dry), the addition of Wheat bran or Wheat bran mixture is 30～45 weight parts (with the Wheat bran total amount, and being converted into the dry meter) preferably.
Among the present invention, operation (ii) in employed fermentation accelerant can use Wheat bran individually, also can use with the mixture of Wheat bran as principal constituent.Under any circumstance, all there is not special restriction for the source of Wheat bran, modulator approach, content etc., so long as the Wheat bran that is obtained by wheat gets final product.
When using the Wheat bran mixture as the promotion fermented material, full weight amount for the Wheat bran mixture, the content of Wheat bran is more than the 50 weight %, preferably more than the 70 weight %, and the Wheat bran mixture that will be made up of the material that does not hinder fermentation of remaining composition (less than 50 weight %) is any.Wherein, in the Wheat bran mixture, if when adding humic acids as slaked lime, useful microorganism, Ulmic acids and fluoroboric acid etc., vermiculite, perlite, zeolite, diatomaceous mineral etc. and having the composition more than a kind or 2 kinds of fermentative action, sleekly implement operation (ii) fermentation in can be during shorter with Wheat bran.
In addition, operation (ii) in, replace in Wheat bran, adding the above-mentioned fermentation promoter action composition that has, also can use following fermentation to promote material:
(a) fermentation of being put down in writing in can directly use the present invention formerly to develop the flat 6-251532 of above-mentioned patent application that contains Wheat bran, slaked lime, Ulmic acids and specified microorganisms material number and the flat 6-312411 of patent application number promotes material; Perhaps
(b) contain Wheat bran, slaked lime, Ulmic acids and the specific microbial material with these applications adds in the Wheat bran and uses.
Be used for operation fermentation (ii) in above-mentioned (a) and any situation (b) and promote material, promote material because all contain the fermentation that constitutes by Wheat bran, slaked lime, Ulmic acids and specified microorganisms material, so promoted the fermentation of livestock products waste and/or active sludge further, can in the shorter time, obtain the good high-quality organic fertilizer of fertilizer efficiency.
Above-mentioned (a) and (b) in the short material of employed fermentation can be used in any in following fermentation accelerant (1)～fermentation accelerant (3).
Fermentation accelerant (1)
The fermentation accelerant of forming by Wheat bran 100 weight parts, slaked lime 1～3 weight part, humic acids 3～10 weight parts and microbial material 5～20 weight parts, this microbial material is to use the mixture of being made up of Wheat bran 50～80 weight parts and adsorptivity mineral material and/or charcoal class 50～20 weight parts as fermentation raw material, the existence of aspergillus flavipes, aspergillus oryzae and/or Aspergillus sojae ferment next time the back, streptomyces actinomycetes, Rhodopseudomonas bacterium and/or bar belong to bacterium in the presence of carry out obtaining behind the Secondary Fermentation.
Fermentation accelerant (2)
The fermentation accelerant of forming by Wheat bran 100 weight parts, slaked lime 1～3 weight part, humic acids 3～10 weight parts and microbial material 5～20 weight parts, this microbial material is to belong to bacterium by add streptomyces actinomycetes, Rhodopseudomonas bacterium and/or bar in Wheat bran, begin fermentation behind pH regulator to 6.0～12.0 with this Wheat bran, 6.0～9.5 the scope of in fermentation the pH of this Wheat bran being maintained is fermented and is obtained.
Fermentation accelerant (3)
The fermentation accelerant of forming by Wheat bran 100 weight parts, slaked lime 1～3 weight part, humic acids 3～10 weight parts and microbial material 5～20 weight parts, this microbial material be by to by Wheat bran and with Wheat bran etc. below the weight the adsorptivity mineral material and/or the mixture formed of charcoal class in add streptomyces actinomycetes, Rhodopseudomonas bacterium and/or bar and belong to bacterium, begin fermentation behind pH regulator to 6.0～12.0 with this mixture, 6.0～9.5 the scope of in fermentation the pH of this mixture being maintained is fermented and is obtained.
Here, promote material (1)～fermentation to promote that employed humic acids is to be contained in alkaline bleach liquor soluble unsetting polymeric organic acid in the newborn charcoal classes such as the low mud coal of degree of coalification, brown coal in the material (3) in above-mentioned fermentation.Use artifact, natural product can.In addition, also can use and to be ground into micro mist as the newborn charcoal class of artificial Ulmic acids raw material, the nitro humic acid and its esters that obtain after decomposing with nitric acid oxidation.In addition, also can use the humic-acid-type substances of newborn charcoals such as containing mud coal, brown coal etc., but had better not directly use the newborn charcoal of mud coal, brown coal etc., use humic acids, nitro humic acid or its esters separated from them.A spot of use can be bred the microorganism useful to compost.
In addition, the microbial material that uses in the fermentation accelerant (1), general available following method manufacturing.
The employed microbial material manufacturing process of fermentation accelerant (1)
By 50～80%, preferably 60～70% Wheat bran and zeolite, the adsorptivity mineral material of perlite etc., charcoal, smoke charcoal, rice hull carbon, gac, more than a kind or 2 kinds 50～20% of charcoal classes such as bone black, preferably in the mixture that 40～30% materials are formed, add by ammonium sulfate with about amount below 5% as required, the nitrogenous source of calcium superphosphate etc., the phosphorus source, the potassium source, the inanimate matter fertilizer component that source of iron is formed etc., make fermentation raw material, preferably with this fermentation raw material sterilising treatment, after killing assorted bacterium, at aspergillus flavipes (Aspergillus flavus), existing more than a kind or 2 kinds down in the bacterium that aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae) and Aspergillus sojae (Aspergillus sojae) are formed, at first carry out one time fermentation.
Then, the pH value is adjusted to 6.0～7.5 one time fermentation thing, in the bacterium that actinomycetes that the streptomycete that can utilize Wheat bran (Streptomyces) belongs to, bacterium that pseudomonas (Pseudomonas) belongs to and bacillus (Bacillus) belong to more than a kind or 2 kinds in the presence of, pH is 6.0～9.0, preferably carries out Secondary Fermentation 7.0～7.5 times.Can use assimilation effect high following mushroom as the actinomycetes that streptomycete (Streptomyces) belongs to this moment: Hai Mushi streptomycete (Streptomyces heimi), streptomyces flaveolus (Streptomyces flaveolus), rice is repaiied streptomycete (Strepto-myces misionensis), cigarette smokes streptomycete (Streptomyces fumanus), streptomyces albus (Streptomyces albulus) and grey brown streptomycete mushrooms such as (Strepto-myces griseofuscus).The bacterium that belongs to as useful pseudomonas (P-seudomonas) can be enumerated false single-cell bacteria (Pseudomonasfluorescens) pseudomonas putida of fluorescent (Pseudomonas putida) etc. in addition, can enumerate bacillus circulans (Bacillus circulans), Bacillus subtillis (Bacillus subtilis) etc. as the bacterium example that useful bacillus (Bacillus) belongs to.The bacterium of bacterium of the actinomycetes of employed streptomyces, Rhodopseudomonas and Bacillaceae all can be used known bacterium in the Secondary Fermentation, also can use the commercially available bacterium that maybe can decompose, it at length is documented in the flat 6-72900 specification sheets of patent application.
By above-mentioned when carrying out Secondary Fermentation, when moment that Secondary Fermentation is ended then in the fermentation resultant, bred the above-mentioned mushroom that is added in the Secondary Fermentation, can obtain the loose microgranular microbial material that is destitute of smell.
In addition, fermentation accelerant (2) and (3) are employed microbial material respectively, generally can be with following method manufacturing.
The method for making of the employed microbial material of fermentation accelerant (2)
Streptomyces actinomycetes, false unit cell are belonged to joining more than a kind or 2 kinds in the Wheat bran as fermentation raw material in bacterium and the Bacillus bacteria, begin fermentation behind pH regulator to 6.0～12.0 with fermentation raw material, and constantly regulate pH and make fermentation raw material pH in the fermentation remain on to ferment in 6.0～9.5 the scope and make.
The microbial material method for making that fermentation accelerant (3) is used
As fermentation raw material be to use by Wheat bran and for Wheat bran etc. below the weight the adsorptivity mineral and the charcoal class at least a kind mixture selecting form.Adding streptomyces actinomycetes, false unit cell in this fermentation raw material belongs to bacterium and bar and belongs in the bacterium a kind or 2 kinds, behind pH regulator to 6.0～12.0 with fermentation raw material, begin fermentation, then constantly regulate pH, the fermentation raw material pH in the feasible fermentation remains on to ferment in 6.0～9.5 scopes and makes.
Operation of the present invention (ii) in, for adding Wheat bran or Wheat bran mixture in the adjusting resultant that comes inherent regulation operation (i) according to the above ratio, back manufacturing organic fertilizer ferments, but when carrying out (ii) fermentation of operation, stir the mixture (toward ground return) often, under aerobic condition, carry out as far as possible, do like this, for shortening fermentation time and obtaining the high organic fertilizer of fertilizer efficiency is of great use, the stirring of this moment, carry out weekly usually 1～5 time just passable.
And, when the weight or measurement of fermentation resultant reduce to by livestock products waste and/or active sludge form by about 1/2 of the total weight of (ii) used Wheat bran of fermentation raw material and operation or Wheat bran mixture, perhaps reduce to by livestock products waste and/or active sludge form by 1/2 left and right sides of the cubic capacity of used Wheat bran of fermentation raw material and operation (il) or Wheat bran mixture the time, fermentation energy carries out fully, can obtain complete slaking compost (organic fertilizer), so be effectively as organic fertilizer with it.
The method of the invention described above, because the fermentation required time is short, thus shorten between the emergence period from the ammonia of foul smell reason, and owing to organic fertilizer carries out under abundant and good state, so do not have stench and foreign odor.In addition, owing to can decompose fully, and become the very thin state of granularity, institute can be used as fertilizer to use effectively greengrocery, on the plants such as shell class, the showy flowers of herbaceous plants, fruit tree, lawn and other trees with rice and Mai Wei representative so that use.At this moment, organic fertilizer of the present invention is applied in method on the plant, can adopts with common organic fertilizer and use same procedure, this is not had special restriction.
Below, specify the present invention with embodiment, but the present invention is not limited by these embodiment.In following example, with following method measure regulate the preceding livestock products waste of operation (i) and active live mud with and regulate resultant moisture content, measure regulate operation (i) preceding by the livestock products waste and by active sludge forms by fermentation raw material and the C/N that regulates resultant than actinomycetes number in the growth degree of, mensuration rape and the organic fertilizer that fermentation obtains.
[by the determination of moisture of fermentation raw material and adjusting resultant thereof]
With the 20g sample put into the stainless steel container made (10cm * 15cm * 2cm), under 130 ℃, after xeothermic dry 2 hours, obtain the decrement of weight, with it as moisture content (%).
[by the mensuration of the C/N ratio of fermentation raw material and adjusting resultant thereof]
The 0.5g sample is put into test tube, by C/N coding instrument (coder) (Sumitomo Chemical Si Mige pressgang society system: NC-90A), obtain total carbon (C) amount and total nitrogen (N) amount and obtain its ratio (C/N).
[evaluation of growth of rape degree]
The organic fertilizer that use is obtained by embodiment or comparative example carries out the growth test for rape by the following method, estimates its growth degree.
In the organic fertilizer of 1g, add 30ml water, after the stirring, placed 3 hours down at 60 ℃.Then, use filter paper (Japan filter paper No.5) to filter, the 2ml filtrate that obtains is put into post the culture dish that (Japan filter paper No.2) opened in 2 filters, sow about 30 Semen Brassicae campestriss, at 25 ℃ of constant temperature indoor cultivation.Through 4 days cultivation,,,, get its mean value with the growth degree of mark evaluation rape with 10 people groups according to the metewand shown in the following table 1.
Table 1
[metewand of growth of rape degree]
Scoring is being qualified more than 4 minutes
| Scoring | The state of leaf portion | The leaf look | The state of main root | The state of hair root |
| 5 (qualified) | Cotyledon is being opened | Green | Prosperity, length are 2～3cm | Very dense |
| 4 (qualified) | Cotyledon is being opened | Yellow～yellow-green colour | Prosperity, length are 2～3cm | Close slightly |
| 3 (defective) | Cotyledon is closing, and comes out from kind of a shell | Yellow | Length is 0.5～1cm | Just come out |
| 2 (defective) | Cotyledon just comes out from kind of a shell | Yellow | Length is 0.2～0.5cm | Almost do not have |
| 1 (defective) | Cotyledon does not come out from kind of a shell | - | Below the length 0.2cm | Do not have fully |
[measuring method of actinomycetes number]
Take the organic fertilizer that a part obtains by embodiment or comparative example [by livestock products waste or active sludge form by fermentation raw material, and operation (ii) usefulness Wheat bran or be about organic fertilizer that obtained in 1/2 o'clock of the suitable gross weight of fermentation accelerant of principal constituent with the Wheat bran], use the dilution plate culture method, as described below, measure its actinomycetes number.
That is, use in 1l water, add starch 10g, casein 0.3g, KNO
32g, Na
2C
212g, K
2HPO
42g, MgSO
47H
2O 0.05g, CaCO
30.02g, FeSO
47H
2O 0.01g agar 18g and cycloheximide (mould inhibitor) 0.06g and synthetic Agar Plating (pH7.2) are determined at 30 ℃ of bacterium colonies of cultivating 6 days down.
Embodiment 1
(1) in the cow dung (C/N is than 16.5 for moisture content 80 weight %, pH8.1) of 5kg, (C/N is than 18.5 for moisture content 45 weight %, pH7.8 for the cow dung/sawdust manure of the complete slaking of interpolation mixing 6.5kg; In 10kg cow dung, add the sawdust of 25kg, ferment the compost that obtains 4 months), obtain moisture content 60 weight %, pH8.0 and C/N are than 17.6 adjusting resultant [adjusting operation (i)].
(2) among the adjusting resultant 11.5kg that in by above-mentioned (1), obtains, add Wheat bran (moisture content 14 weight %) 0.4kg (for 1kg cow dung dry, the Wheat bran dry is the ratio of 0.34kg), after mixing stirring, put it in the foamed styrene container of vertical * horizontal * dark=26cm * 34cm * 30cm, be placed on temperature and be set at 25 ℃ indoor, carried out 1 time with 2 days and stir gravimetry reduction in time.By the gross weight of the cow dung of fermentation raw material and Wheat bran is 5.4kg, reduces to moment of its 2.7kg of 1/2 with weight, as fermentation termination, makes organic fertilizer [operation (ii)].At this moment, record reaches the fate of fermentation termination, simultaneously, uses at this organic fertilizer that obtains, and use aforesaid method, estimates the growth degree and the mensuration actinomycetes number of rape, and its result is as described in the following table 2.
Embodiment (2)
(1) in 5kg active sludge (C/N is than 7.9 for moisture content 85 weight %, pH7.9), (C/N is than 18.5 for moisture content 45 weight %, pH7.8 for the cow dung/sawdust manure of the complete slaking of interpolation mixing 7kg; In 10kg cow dung, add the 25kg sawdust, the compost that ferments and obtained in 4 months), obtain moisture content 62 weight %, pH7.9 and C/N are than 14.1 adjusting resultant [operation (i)].
(2) regulate in the resultant at the 12kg that obtains by above-mentioned (1), add and be mixed with 0.3kg Wheat bran (moisture content 14 weight %, the Wheat bran mixture of 10g humic acids (Te Ernaite society system " nitro humic acid ") and 10g slaked lime (fermentation assistant: Wheat bran content 93.8 weight %) (for 1kg active sludge dry, the Wheat bran dry is the ratio of 0.35kg), after mixing stirring, put it in the foamed styrene container of vertical * horizontal * dark=26cm * 34cm * 30cm, ferment in the same manner with embodiment 1, gross weight by the active sludge of fermentation raw material and Wheat bran mixture is about 5.3kg, arrive its 2.65kg of 1/2 constantly as fermentation termination to reduce weight, make organic fertilizer.At this moment, write down the fate that reaches fermentation termination, simultaneously, use the organic fertilizer that obtains thus, use aforesaid method, estimate the growth degree of rape and measure the actinomycetes number, its result is shown in following table 2.
Embodiment 3
(1) in 5kg pig manure (C/N is than 13.2 for moisture content 75 weight %, pH7.6), (moisture content 10 weight % pH7.2), obtain moisture content 56 weight %, and pH7.5 and C/N are than 13.2 adjusting resultant [operation (i)] add to mix the 2kg vermiculite.
(2) regulate in the resultant at the 7kg that obtains by above-mentioned (1), add Wheat bran (moisture content 14 weight %) 0.45kg (for pig manure dry 1kg, the Wheat bran dry is the ratio of 0.31kg), after mixing stirring, put it in the foamed styrene container of vertical * horizontal * dark=26cm * 34cm * 30cm, below ferment in the same manner with embodiment 1, by the gross weight of the pig manure of fermentation raw material and Wheat bran is 5.45kg, to reduce the moment of weight to its 2.73kg of 1/2, as fermentation termination, make organic fertilizer.At this moment, write down the fate that reaches fermentation termination, use the organic fertilizer that obtains thus, use aforesaid method, estimate the growth degree of rape and measure the actinomycetes number, its result is shown in following table 2.
Comparative example 1
(1) in 5kg cow dung (C/N is than 16.5 for moisture content 80 weight %, pH8.1), (C/N is than 18.5 for moisture content 45 weight %, pH7.8 to add the cow dung/sawdust manure that mixes the complete slaking of 6.5kg; In 10kg cow dung, add the 25kg sawdust, ferment the compost that obtains 4 months), obtain moisture content 60 weight %, pH8.0 and C/N are than 17.6 adjusting resultant [adjusting operation (i)].
(2) by on the 11.5kg that obtains of note (1) regulate in the resultant, add rice bran (moisture content 20 weight %) 0.4kg (for 1kg cow dung dry, the rice bran dry is the ratio of 0.32kg), after mixing stirring, put it in the foamed styrene container of vertical * horizontal * dark=26cm * 34cm * 30cm, below ferment in the same manner with embodiment 1, by the gross weight of the cow dung of fermentation raw material and rice bran is 5.45kg, to reduce the moment that weight reaches its 2.73kg of 1/2, as fermentation termination, make organic fertilizer.At this moment, write down the fate that reaches fermentation termination, use the organic fertilizer that obtains thus simultaneously, use aforesaid method, estimate the growth degree of rape and measure the actinomycetes number, its result is shown in following table 2.
Comparative example 2
(1) in 5kg active sludge (C/N is than 7.9 for moisture content 85 weight %, pH7.9), add and mix 4kg straw (C/N is than 67.0 for moisture content 35 weight %, pH6.8), obtain moisture content 63 weight %, pH7.4 and C/N are than 34.2 adjusting resultant [operation (i)].
(2) obtaining by above-mentioned (1) in the adjusting resultant of 9kg, add and be mixed with Wheat bran (moisture content 14 weight %) 0.3kg, the Wheat bran mixture of humic acids 10g and slaked lime 10g (Wheat bran content 93.8 weight %) is (for 1kg active sludge dry, the Wheat bran dry is the ratio of 0.35kg), after mixing stirring, put it into the foamed styrene container of vertical * horizontal * dark=26cm * 34cm * 30cm) in, below ferment in the same manner with embodiment 1, gross weight by the active sludge of fermentation raw material and Wheat bran mixture is about 5.3kg, to reduce moment that weight reaches its 2.65kg of 1/2, make organic fertilizer as fermentation termination.At this moment, write down the fate that reaches fermentation termination, use the organic fertilizer that obtains thus simultaneously, estimate the growth degree of rape and measure the actinomycetes number with aforesaid method, its result is shown in following table 2.
Comparative example 3
At 5kg pig manure (moisture content 75 weight %, pH7.6, C/N is than 13.2) in, directly add 2.5kg Wheat bran (moisture content 15 weight %, pH6.5, C/N is than 15.0, (for 1kg pig manure dry, the ratio of 1.7kg Wheat bran dry) is after mixing is stirred, put it in the foamed styrene container of vertical * horizontal * dark=26cm * 34cm * 30cm, below ferment in the same manner with embodiment 1, be 7.5kg by the gross weight of the pig manure of fermentation raw material and Wheat bran, to reduce the moment of weight to its 3.75kg of 1/2, as fermentation termination, make organic fertilizer.At this moment, write down the fate that reaches fermentation termination, simultaneously, use the organic fertilizer that obtains thus, use aforesaid method, estimate the growth degree of rape and measure the actinomycetes number, its result is shown in following table 2.
Table 2
| Embodiment 1 | Comparative example 1 | Embodiment 2 | Comparative example 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example 3 | |
| By fermentation raw material | Cow dung | Cow dung | Active sludge | Active sludge | Pig manure | Pig manure |
| Regulate resultant 1) adjusting material moisture content (weight %) pH C/N ratio | Complete slaking compost 60 8.0 17.6 | Complete slaking compost 60 9.0 17.6 | Complete slaking compost 62 7.9 14.1 | Straw 63 7.4 34.2 | Vermiculite 56 7.5 13.2 | Do not regulate--- |
| Promote fermented material kind ratio 2) | Wheat bran 0.34 | Rice bran 0.32 | Wheat bran mixture 3) 0.35 | Wheat bran mixture 3) 0.35 | Wheat bran 0.31 | Wheat bran 1.7 |
| Reduce to the required fate of 1/2 weight of beginning | 18 days | 28 days | 16 days | 45 days | 15 days | 40 days |
| The growth of rape degree | 4.5 | 3.0 | 4.5 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 2.5 |
| The actinomycetes number (individual/g) | 3×10 6 | 3×10 3 | 3×10 6 | 7×10 3 | 2×10 6 | ＜10 3 |
| Synthetic determination | Well | Bad | Well | Bad | Well | Bad |
1) the adjusting resultant that obtains by operation (i)
2) for 1 weight part by the weight (being converted into dry) of the Wheat bran of fermentation raw material (being converted into dry) or rice bran
3) by the 0.3kg Wheat bran, the Wheat bran mixture that 10g humic acids and 10g slaked lime are formed
Show by above-mentioned table 2 result, to be adjusted to 55～65 weight % by the moisture content that livestock products waste (cow dung or pig manure) or active sludge are formed by fermentation raw material, after pH regulator to 7.0～8.5 and C/N ratio are adjusted to below 20, for form by livestock products waste or active sludge by fermentation raw material 100 weight parts (being converted into dry), with the scope ratio interpolation Wheat bran of 25～50 weight parts (being converted into dry) or with the Wheat bran is the fermentation accelerant of principal constituent, among the embodiment 1～3 that ferments, reach by 1/2 of the initial gross weight of fermentation raw material and Wheat bran required fermentation time all less than 18 days, and, the organic fertilizer that obtains thus, the actinomyces number of useful microorganism is many, the growth of rape degree might as well, fertilizer efficiency is also high.
In contrast, 1 result shows by comparative example, to be adjusted to 55～65 weight % by the moisture content that livestock products waste (cow dung) formed by fermentation raw material, pH regulator become 7.0～8.5 and C/N than furnishing below 20, and do not use when using rice bran as the Wheat bran that promotes fermentation, 1/2 required fermentation time of the gross weight that the material that reaches by fermentation raw material and promote to ferment is initial is 28 days, than embodiment 1, its time extends significantly, and the actinomycetes number of the useful microorganism of the organic fertilizer that obtains thus tails off, the growth of rape degree is bad, and fertilizer efficiency is low.
In addition, 2 results show by comparative example, although it is identical by the moisture content of the adjusting resultant of fermentation raw material and pH with the scope of the invention what form by active sludge, but C/N is during than the high adjusting resultant that is 34.2, even as promoting starter, use the Wheat bran mixture, reach by the fermentation raw material and 1/2 of the initial gross weight of promotion material of fermenting, needed fermentation time also is 45 days, than embodiment 2, increase by a wide margin, and the actinomycetes number of the useful microorganism of the organic fertilizer that obtains thus tails off, the growth of rape degree is also bad, fertilizer efficiency is low.
And then, 3 results show by comparative example, not regulated than (particularly water-content) of forming by pig manure in the scope of the invention by the moisture content of fermentation raw material, pH and C/N, and directly add Wheat bran, when fermenting, reach by 1/2 of fermentation raw material and the initial gross weight of Wheat bran, needed fermentation time is 40 days, compare with embodiment 3, increase by a wide margin, and the actinomycetes number of the useful microorganism of the organic fertilizer that obtains thus tails off, the growth of rape degree is also bad, fertilizer efficiency is low.
Reference example 1[uses the manufacturing of the microbial material of fermentation accelerant (1)]
To (amount to 80kg: the Wheat bran content 62.5% in the mixture), use large-scale mixer, after mixing equably by the mixture that Wheat bran 50kg, zeolite 5kg and vermiculite 25kg form, add 45kg water, further mix, then, carry out sterilising treatment with heating steam.The moisture content of the mixture after the sterilising treatment is about 40%.Then, add the dry thalline of the bent poison of rice (Aspergillus oryzae) (IFO 30105) of 70g, after mixing equably, atmosphere temperature is controlled at 27 ℃, under aerobic condition, one time fermentation 48 hours.One time fermentation carries out secondary stirring midway.Then, each adds aspergillus flavipes (Streptomyces flaveolus) bacterium (IFO 12768) and bacillus circulans (Bacillus circulans) bacterium (IFO13640) of 70g, after mixing equably, under aerobic condition, the controlled atmosphere temperature is 25 ℃, after the middle secondary stirring (stirring), carry out 72 hours Secondary Fermentation, obtain microbial material.
The manufacturing of reference example 2[fermentation accelerant (1)]
For the Wheat bran of 100 weight parts, mix the humic acids identical, and the microbial material that obtains of the above-mentioned reference example 1 of 5 weight parts of slaked lime, 5 weight parts of 2 weight parts with embodiment 2, make fermentation accelerant.
Embodiment 4
(1) in 5kg cow dung (C/N is than 16.5 for moisture content 80 weight %, pH8.1), (moisture content 10 weight % pH7.2), obtain moisture content 60 weight %, and pH7.6 and C/N are than 16.5 adjusting resultant [operation (i)] add to mix the vermiculite of 2kg.
(2) obtaining by above-mentioned (1) in the adjusting resultant of 7kg, the fermentation accelerant (1) that is obtained by above-mentioned reference example 2 that adds 0.2kg Wheat bran (moisture content 15 weight %) and 0.3kg is (for 1kg cow dung dry, Wheat bran dry total amount is the ratio of 0.31kg), after mixing stirring, put it in the foamed styrene container of vertical * horizontal * dark=26cm * 34cm * 30cm, below ferment in the same manner with embodiment 1, by the gross weight of the cow dung of fermentation raw material and fermentation accelerant is 5.5kg, with reduce weight to moment of its 2.75kg of 1/2 as fermentation termination, make organic fertilizer.At this moment, write down the fate that reaches fermentation termination, simultaneously, use the organic fertilizer that obtains thus, use aforesaid method, estimate the growth degree of rape and measure the actinomycetes number, its result is shown in following table 3.
Embodiment 5
(1) in 5kg cow dung (C/N is than 16.5 for moisture content 80 weight %, pH8.1), (moisture content 10 weight % pH7.2), obtain moisture content 60 weight %, and pH7.6 and C/N are than 16.5 adjusting resultant [operation (i)] add to mix the vermiculite of 2kg.
(2) in the adjusting resultant 7kg that obtains by above-mentioned (1), the fermentation accelerant (1) that promotes material to add to be obtained by above-mentioned reference example 2 as fermentation is (for 1kg cow dung dry, the ratio of Wheat bran dry 0.27kg), after mixing stirring, place it in the foamed styrene container of vertical * horizontal * dark=26cm * 34cm * 30cm, ferment in the same manner with embodiment 1, gross weight by the cow dung of fermentation raw material and fermentation accelerant (1) is 5.5kg, to reduce the moment that weight reaches its 2.75kg of 1/2, as fermentation termination, make organic fertilizer.At this moment, write down the fate that reaches fermentation termination, simultaneously, use the organic fertilizer that obtains thus, use aforesaid method, estimate the growth degree of rape and measure the actinomycetes number, its result is shown in following table 3.
Comparative example 4
(1) in 5kg cow dung (C/N is than 16.5 for moisture content 80 weight %, pH8.1), (moisture content 10 weight % pH7.2), obtain moisture content 60 weight %, and pH7.6 and C/N are than 16.5 adjusting resultant [operation (i)] add to mix the 2kg vermiculite.
(2) in the adjusting resultant 7kg that obtains by above-mentioned (1), add the 0.2kg Wheat bran (for 1kg cow dung dry, the ratio of Wheat bran dry 0.17kg), after mixing is stirred, place it in the foamed styrene container of vertical * horizontal * dark=26cm * 34cm * 30cm, below, fermenting in the same manner with embodiment 1, is 5.2kg by the gross weight of the cow dung of fermentation raw material and Wheat bran, to reduce the moment of weight to its 2.6kg of 1/2, as fermentation termination, make organic fertilizer.At this moment, write down the fate that reaches fermentation termination, simultaneously, use the organic fertilizer that obtains thus, use aforesaid method, estimate the growth degree of rape and measure the actinomycetes number, its result is shown in following table 3.
Reference example 3
(1) in the 1kg Wheat bran, mix the 20g slaked lime, the microbial material that humic acids that 50g and embodiment 2 are identical and the above-mentioned reference example 1 of 100g obtain is modulated fermentation accelerant (1).
(2) in 10kg cattle waste (the excremental mixture of ox and pig), mixing is by the total amount of above-mentioned (1) synthetic fermentation accelerant (1), put into vertical * horizontal * dark=26cm * 34cm * 35cm foamed styrene container (former about 35cm), be placed on temperature and be about 15～20 ℃ indoor, ratio with two days 1 time stirs, the weight of measuring in the fermentation changes in time, gross weight by movement of the ox of fermentation raw material and pig and fermentation accelerant is about 11.2kg, to reduce the moment of weight to its 5.6kg of 1/2, as fermentation termination, make organic fertilizer.At this moment, write down the fate that reaches fermentation termination, use the organic fertilizer that obtains thus, use aforesaid method, estimate the growth degree of rape and measure the actinomycetes number, its result is shown in following table 3.
Table 3
| Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Comparative example 4 | Reference example 3 | |
| By fermentation raw material | Cow dung | Cow dung | Cow dung | Ox/pig excrements |
| Regulate resultant 1) adjusting material moisture content (weight %) pH C/N ratio | Vermiculite 60 7.6 16.5 | Vermiculite 60 7.6 16.5 | Vermiculite 60 7.6 16.5 | Do not regulate--- |
| Promote fermented material kind ratio 2) | Wheat bran mixture 3) 0.31 | Fermentation accelerant 4) 0.27 | Wheat bran 0.17 | Fermentation accelerant 4) 0.55 |
| Required fate when reducing to 1/2 weight of beginning | 15 days | 13 days | 45 days | 21 days |
| The growth of rape degree | 4.5 | 4.5 | 2.0 | 4.5 |
| The actinomycetes number (individual/g) | 3×10 7 | 6×10 6 | ＜10 3 | 3×10 5 |
| Synthetic determination | Well | Well | Bad | Well |
1) the adjusting resultant that obtains by operation (i)
2) for 1 weight part by the weight (being converted into dry) of fermentation raw material (being converted into dry) Wheat bran
3) mixture of the fermentation accelerant of 0.2kg Wheat bran and 0.3kg reference example 2
4) fermentation accelerant of reference example 2
Show from above-mentioned table 3, to be adjusted to 55～65 weight % by the moisture content that livestock products waste (cow dung) formed by fermentation raw material, pH regulator becomes 7.0～8.5 and after the C/N ratio is adjusted to below 20, for form by the livestock products waste by fermentation raw material 100 weight parts (being converted into dry), ratio with 25～50 weight parts (being converted into dry), add the mixture of Wheat bran and fermentation accelerant (1), the embodiment 4 that ferments, and will be adjusted to 55～65 weight % by the moisture content that livestock products waste (cow dung) formed by fermentation raw material, pH regulator become 7.0～8.5 and C/N than after furnishing is below 20, for form by the livestock products waste by fermentation raw material 100 weight parts (being converted into dry), ratio with 25～50 weight parts (being converted into dry), directly adding with the Wheat bran is the fermentation accelerant (1) (Wheat bran mixture) of principal constituent, during the embodiment 5 that ferments, reach by the fermentation raw material and 1/2 of the initial gross weight of promotion material of fermenting, required fermentation time, all be below 15 days, than the foregoing description 1～3, fermentation time is shorter, and the actinomycetes number of the useful microorganism of the organic fertilizer that obtains thus is extremely many, the growth of rape degree is also good, and fertilizer efficiency is also high.
In addition, show by above-mentioned table 3 result, to be adjusted to 55～65 weight % by the moisture content that livestock products waste (cow dung) formed by fermentation raw material, pH regulator become 7.0～8.5 and C/N than after furnishing is below 20, at the Wheat bran mixture that adds Wheat bran and fermentation accelerant (1), or only add fermentation accelerant (1), among the embodiment 4 and embodiment 5 that ferments, than do not regulate by the livestock products waste form by moisture content of fermentation raw material etc., and directly add fermentation accelerant (1), the reference example 3 that ferments, 1/2 of the gross weight that the material that reaches by fermentation raw material and promote to ferment is initial, needed fermentation time is shorter, and the actinomycetes number of useful microorganism also increases.
In contrast, 4 results show by comparative example, though will be adjusted to 55～65 weight % by the moisture content that livestock products waste (cow dung) formed by fermentation raw material, pH furnishing 7.0～8.5 and C/N are than furnishing below 20, but owing to promote the ratio of the employed Wheat bran of fermentation, for 100 weight parts by fermentation raw material (being converted into dry), less than 25 weight parts (being converted into dry), and when breaking away from the scope of the invention, reach by 1/2 of the initial gross weight of fermentation raw material and Wheat bran, needed fermentation time is 45 days, compare with embodiment 4 and embodiment 5, prolong significantly, and the actinomycetes number of the useful microorganism of the organic fertilizer that obtains thus tails off, the growth of rape degree is also bad, fertilizer efficiency is low.
According to the present invention, can be with reluctant livestock products waste of past and active sludge at least a as by fermentation raw material, under the good fermentation state of maintenance, can be between very short yeast phase, do not use special device, can be simply and produce the good high-quality organic fertilizer of fertilizer efficiency economically.
And, adopt method of the present invention can be suppressed at the ammonia that becomes the foul smell source when making organic fertilizer and take place to take place with other foul smell.Very short between yeast phase, even foul smell takes place, in very between short-term, also just be through with.
In the present invention, as promoting fermented material to be to use to contain and add the Wheat bran mixture more than a kind or 2 kinds that mineral, slaked lime, humic acids, microbial material etc. have the fermentation promoter action based on Wheat bran, like this can be shortening more between the yeast phase of making organic fertilizer.
Claims (10)
1. the manufacture method of organic fertilizer, be with livestock products waste and/or active sludge as by fermentation raw material, it is characterized in that having comprised following operation,
(i) will be adjusted in 55～65 weight % with the moisture content that livestock products waste and/or active sludge are formed by fermentation raw material, pH regulator 7.0～8.5 and total carbon/total nitrogen content than the adjusting operation that is adjusted in 10～20;
(ii) in the adjusting resultant that above-mentioned operation (i) obtains, for being added the operation of fermenting behind the Wheat bran with the ratio of 25～50 weight parts (being converted into dry) by fermentation raw material 100 weight parts (being converted into dry).
2. according to the manufacture method of the organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein also add at least a of slaked lime, organic microbial, humic acids and mineral with Wheat bran in (ii) in operation.
3. according to the manufacture method of the organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein replace Wheat bran in (ii) in operation, be to add by Wheat bran 100 weight parts, slaked lime 1～3 weight part, the fermentation accelerant that humic acids 3～10 weight parts and microbial material 5～20 weight parts are formed, this microbial material is to use the mixture of being made up of Wheat bran 50～80 weight parts and adsorptivity mineral material and/or charcoal class 50～20 weight parts as fermentation raw material, at aspergillus flavipes, after the existence of aspergillus oryzae and/or Aspergillus sojae is fermented next time, in the streptomyces actinomycetes, Rhodopseudomonas bacterium and/or bar belong under the existence of bacterium and carry out obtaining behind the Secondary Fermentation.
4. according to the manufacture method of the organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein replace Wheat bran in (ii) in operation, be to add the fermentation accelerant of forming by Wheat bran 100 weight parts, slaked lime 1～3 weight part, humic acids 3～10 weight parts and microbial material 5～20 weight parts, this microbial material is to belong to bacterium by add streptomyces actinomycetes, Rhodopseudomonas bacterium and/or bar in Wheat bran, begin fermentation behind pH regulator to 6.0～12.0 with this Wheat bran, 6.0～9.5 the scope of in fermentation the pH of this Wheat bran being maintained is fermented and is obtained.
5. according to the manufacture method of the organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein replace Wheat bran in (ii) in operation, be to add by Wheat bran 100 weight parts, slaked lime 1～3 weight part, the fermentation accelerant that humic acids 3～10 weight parts and microbial material 5～20 weight parts are formed, this microbial material be by to by Wheat bran and with Wheat bran etc. below the weight the adsorptivity mineral material and/or the mixture formed of charcoal class in add the streptomyces actinomycetes, Rhodopseudomonas bacterium and/or bar belong to bacterium, begin fermentation behind pH regulator to 6.0～12.0 with this mixture, 6.0～9.5 the scope of in fermentation the pH of this mixture being maintained is fermented and is obtained.
6. according to the manufacture method of the organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein operation (ii) in Wheat bran, add again by Wheat bran 100 weight parts, slaked lime 1～3 weight part, the fermentation accelerant that humic acids 3～10 weight parts and microbial material 5～20 weight parts are formed, this microbial material is to use the mixture of being made up of Wheat bran 50～80 weight parts and adsorptivity mineral material and/or charcoal class 50～20 weight parts as fermentation raw material, at aspergillus flavipes, after the existence of aspergillus oryzae and/or Aspergillus sojae is fermented next time, in the streptomyces actinomycetes, Rhodopseudomonas bacterium and/or bar belong under the existence of bacterium and carry out obtaining behind the Secondary Fermentation.
7. according to the manufacture method of the organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein operation (ii) in Wheat bran, add the fermentation accelerant of forming by Wheat bran 100 weight parts, slaked lime 1～3 weight part, humic acids 3～10 weight parts and microbial material 5～20 weight parts again, this microbial material is to belong to bacterium by add streptomyces actinomycetes, Rhodopseudomonas bacterium and/or bar in Wheat bran, begin fermentation behind pH regulator to 6.0～12.0 with this Wheat bran, 6.0～9.5 the scope of in fermentation the pH of this Wheat bran being maintained is fermented and is obtained.
8. according to the manufacture method of the organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein operation (ii) in Wheat bran, interpolation is by Wheat bran 100 weight parts, slaked lime 1～3 weight part, the fermentation accelerant that humic acids 3～10 weight parts and microbial material 5～20 weight parts are formed, this microbial material be by to Wheat bran and with Wheat bran etc. below the weight the adsorptivity mineral material and/or the mixture formed of charcoal class in add the streptomyces actinomycetes, Rhodopseudomonas bacterium and/or bar belong to bacterium, begin fermentation behind pH regulator to 6.0～12.0 with this mixture, 6.0～9.5 the scope of in fermentation the pH of this mixture being maintained is fermented and is obtained.
9. require 1～8 any one the manufacture method of organic fertilizer according to power, wherein operation (i) by the moisture content of fermentation raw material, the adjusting of pH and total carbon/total nitrogen content ratio is to carry out than fermented manure and at least a of mineral of being adjusted in 10～20 complete slaking by using total carbon/total nitrogen content.
10. organic fertilizer is that any manufacture method according to claim 1～8 obtains.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP207386/95 | 1995-07-24 | ||
| JP207386/1995 | 1995-07-24 | ||
| JP20738695A JP3441565B2 (en) | 1994-09-21 | 1995-07-24 | Fermentation promoter |
| JP213072/1995 | 1995-07-31 | ||
| JP213072/95 | 1995-07-31 | ||
| JP21307295A JP3378412B2 (en) | 1995-07-31 | 1995-07-31 | Manufacturing method of organic fertilizer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1141278A CN1141278A (en) | 1997-01-29 |
| CN1124244C true CN1124244C (en) | 2003-10-15 |
Family
ID=26516220
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96103453A Expired - Fee Related CN1124244C (en) | 1995-07-24 | 1996-03-20 | Method for mfg. organic fertilizer |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR100413299B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1124244C (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100348637B1 (en) * | 1999-07-21 | 2002-08-13 | 김재인 | Witout Discharging Treatment System and Paddy Rice Fertilizer by The Composting Method of Livestock Sewage. |
| KR100462953B1 (en) * | 2002-05-02 | 2004-12-23 | 학교법인 계명기독학원 | The microbe fertilizer's producting method be used by microbe and humic acid |
| CN100341823C (en) * | 2005-04-30 | 2007-10-10 | 菏泽开发区曹州农用化学有限公司 | Bulking mud special fertilizer for poplar and its producing method |
| KR100778543B1 (en) | 2007-03-21 | 2007-11-28 | 주식회사 한성엔이티 | Recycling method of organic livestock excretion and apparatus thereof |
| JP2009195108A (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2009-09-03 | Peace Sangyo Kk | Microorganism-compounded sheet-like fermentation promoter and method for producing the same |
| CN101555171B (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2011-10-05 | 许绪满 | Method for producing micro organic matters by marine culture sludge and sugar refinery filtration sludge |
| CN102180716B (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2014-04-16 | 赵鲁 | Method for producing organic compound fertilizer by fermenting animal manure |
| KR101365728B1 (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2014-02-21 | 강릉원주대학교산학협력단 | Environment- friendly organic liquid fertilizer and manufacturing method of the same |
| CN102754540A (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2012-10-31 | 辽宁大学 | Sandy soil improving method |
| US20190077721A1 (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2019-03-14 | Yoon Soo CHOI | Method of manufacturing organic fertilizers by using organic raw material, antagonistic microorganism, fermentative microorganism, and synthetic microorganism, and organic fertilizers manufactured by said manufacturing method |
| CN108329917A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-07-27 | 李学刚 | A kind of acidic soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN109279749A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-01-29 | 内蒙古三泰清洁能源科技有限公司 | Urban sewage treatment plant sludge processing method and processing fermentation catalyst |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR790001036B1 (en) * | 1978-06-16 | 1979-08-22 | 김시민 | Process for preparation of compost by rapid course instruction |
| JPH07277865A (en) * | 1994-04-14 | 1995-10-24 | Ebara Res Co Ltd | Compost and its production |
-
1996
- 1996-03-20 KR KR1019960008118A patent/KR100413299B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-20 CN CN96103453A patent/CN1124244C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR100413299B1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
| CN1141278A (en) | 1997-01-29 |
| KR970006241A (en) | 1997-02-19 |
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