CN1858028A - Method for producing turf humic acid compound fertilizer hy composite fermenting and degradation method - Google Patents
Method for producing turf humic acid compound fertilizer hy composite fermenting and degradation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to fertilizer producing technology, and is especially composite fermenting and degrading process for producing composite turf-humic acid fertilizer. The production process includes mixing turf and saw dust and/or crop stalk in the ratio of 4-5 to 1, adding high temperature fiber decomposing bacteria or fermenting bacteria in 0.5-1%, setting the mixture into fermenting tank while spraying pyracetic acid in 0.07-0.1 % and adding water to water content of 60-65% to ferment at certain temperature and humidity, crushing fermented matter and sieving, and adding nutritious N, P and K elements to obtain the composite fertilizer. The composite fertilizer is used in producing green food material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microbial fermentation and humic acid fertilizer production technology, specifically a kind of method of producing turf humic acid compound fertilizer hy composite fermenting and degradation method.
Background technology
With the peat composed of rotten mosses is major ingredient, sawdust, crop material are auxiliary material, ferment humic acids in the degraded activation raw material by certain ingredient proportion, produce humic acid complex fertilizer, higher because of peat composed of rotten mosses fibre content, content of lignin is higher in the auxiliary materials such as sawdust, uses conventional fermentation method, fermentation time is long, production efficiency is low, as adds the ferment microbial inoculum, and sawdust needs 60 days; Utilize rare wood vinegar can promote the effect of useful organism of fermentation breeding, as the report of useful 100～200 times of wood vinegar fermented livestock ight soil of foreign data such as Japan, Korea S, the application wood vinegar still appears in the newspapers and leads in the end in peat composed of rotten mosses fermentation.
Summary of the invention
The method that the objective of the invention is to the producing turf humic acid compound fertilizer hy composite fermenting and degradation method that a kind of fermenting speed is fast, nutrition content is high.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of method of producing turf humic acid compound fertilizer hy composite fermenting and degradation method, by the peat composed of rotten mosses with the saw not and/or the weight ratio of crop material be 4～5: 1 gets material, add high temperature fiber decomposer Inoculant and/or ferment microbial inoculum with the material mixing and by 0.5～1% amount, the fermenter of packing into, tankage limit, limit spray wood vinegar, make free water content reach 60～65%, fermentation material per ton adds wood vinegar stoste 0.7～1kg, the heat and moisture preserving fermentation, nutrition by required composite fertilizer behind the fermentation material crushing screening adds N, P, K nutritive element, produces humic acid complex fertilizer.
Detailed process is as follows: the peat composed of rotten mosses of getting water content 30～40% adds its weight content 20～30% sawdusts and/or agricultural crop straw, mixing be will expect and high temperature fiber decomposer Inoculant and/or ferment microbial inoculum added by 0.5～1% amount, the fermenter of packing into, spray 400～500 times of wood vinegar in limit during the limit tankage, make free water content reach 60～65%, the heat and moisture preserving fermentation is when temperature reaches more than 60 ℃ or 60 ℃, 3～7 days stirrings once, the ventilation, moisturizing; Leavening temperature goes out the stockpile corruption when reducing to below 30 ℃, carries out after-ripening; Nutrition by required composite fertilizer behind the fermentation material crushing screening adds N, P, K nutritive element, produces humic acid complex fertilizer.
The 3-5mm sieve was crossed in preferably first coarse reduction before the peat composed of rotten mosses of described water content 30～40% was used; The add-on of sawdust is generally 20～25%; What agricultural crop straw adopted usually is straw and/or maize straw, and its add-on is generally 25～30%; For accelerating fermentation, fermentation materials can add fish meal and/or cavings, control C: N=25-30: 1; At night 5 ℃ or more, temperature 10 ℃ or more under all can carry out usually by daytime for fermenting process of the present invention.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. fermenting speed is fast.The peat composed of rotten mosses and sawdust only spray wood vinegar to be handled and needs 17 days to ferment at 4: 1, adopts wood vinegar and the technical finesse of high temperature fiber decomposer complex ferment, reaches more than 50 ℃ thermophilic fermentation stage need 12 days only.Can promote the mesophilic digestion stage though singly add wood vinegar, increase humic acids content in the raw material, humic acids content all is higher than a microbe inoculation starter, but it is slower through the ferment stage to enter high temperature, the complex ferment method that wood vinegar matches with high temperature fiber decomposer or enzymatic microorganism, the comparable wood vinegar that singly adds is done sth. in advance 5 days, enters the thermophilic fermentation stage in 4 days ahead of time than single inoculation high temperature fiber decomposer.
2. nutrition content height.After adopting wood vinegar and the technical finesse of high temperature fiber decomposer complex ferment by the present invention, humic acids total content and free humic acid content are all apparently higher than control group and only inoculate high temperature fiber decomposer treatment group in the material; The humic acid complex fertilizer that preparation is produced, it is remarkable to increase production and improve the quality effect, and general amount of increase in production is 15～40%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of complex ferment technology of the present invention.
Embodiment
Through different fermentations material suitable proportion test, the peat composed of rotten mosses and saw not (or crop material) with 4～5: 1 weight ratio is suitable fermentation ratio; Through the test of the suitable fermentation of wood vinegar concentration, because of the peat composed of rotten mosses water content after the processing pulverizing is lower than feces of livestock and poultry, suitable fermentation wood vinegar concentration is advisable with 400～500 times of concentration, be that fermentation material adding wood vinegar stoste 0.7～1kg per ton has obvious promoter action to fermentation, add-on is lower than 49 ℃ of the highest leavening temperatures of 0.6kg (600 times), 33.1 ℃ of average fermentation temperature all are starkly lower than the processing of 400～500 times of concentration; Add the former liquid measure of wood vinegar and be higher than about 30 ℃ of 1.16kg (300 times) and 1.75kg (200 times) average fermentation temperature, the highest fermentation temperature is respectively 37.5 ℃ and 39 ℃, the highest leavening temperature does not reach 40 ℃, showing acid wood vinegar add-on, too high (strength of solution is below 300 times, make fermentation material pH low excessively, have only mesophilic digestion, the thermophilic fermentation flora is had obvious restraining effect, and 400～500 times of liquid all reach pyritous fermentation stage more than 50 ℃.
Embodiment 1
The 3mm sieve is crossed in the peat composed of rotten mosses coarse reduction of water content 40%, add its weight content 20% sawdust, to expect mixing and add high temperature fiber decomposer Inoculant by 1% amount, the fermenter of packing into, spray 400 times of wood vinegar in limit make free water content reach 60%, fermenter loam cake plastics film heat and moisture preserving during the limit tankage, also can add an amount of fish meal, cavings for accelerating fermentation, control C: N=25: 1; When leavening temperature reaches 60 ℃, per 3 days stirrings once, the ventilation, moisturizing; Leavening temperature goes out the stockpile corruption when reducing to below 30 ℃, carries out after-ripening.Add nutritive elements such as N, P, K by a certain percentage after the fermentation material is pulverized 60 mesh sieves, produced humic acid complex fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
The 5mm sieve is crossed in the peat composed of rotten mosses coarse reduction of water content 30%, add 30% and cut up with a hay cutter into 1 cun long straw and maize straw, to expect mixing and add the ferment microbial inoculum by 0.5% amount, the fermenter of packing into, spray 500 times of wood vinegar in limit during the limit tankage, make free water content reach 65% fermenter loam cake plastics film heat and moisture preserving, also can add an amount of fish meal, cavings for accelerating fermentation, control C: N=30: 1; When leavening temperature reaches 60 ℃, per 7 days stirrings once, the ventilation, moisturizing; Leavening temperature goes out the stockpile corruption when reducing to below 28 ℃, carries out after-ripening.Add nutritive elements such as N, P, K by a certain percentage after the fermentation material is pulverized 60 mesh sieves, produced humic acid complex fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
The 4mm sieve is crossed in the peat composed of rotten mosses coarse reduction of water content 35%, add 25% and cut up with a hay cutter into 0.5 cun long straw, will expect mixing and add ferment microbial inoculum, the fermenter of packing into by 0.7% amount, spray 450 times of wood vinegar in limit make free water content reach 62% fermenter loam cake plastics film heat and moisture preserving during the limit tankage; When leavening temperature reaches 60 ℃, per 5 days stirrings once, the ventilation, moisturizing; Leavening temperature goes out the stockpile corruption when reducing to below 28 ℃, carries out after-ripening.Add nutritive elements such as N, P, K by a certain percentage after the fermentation material is pulverized 60 mesh sieves, produced humic acid complex fertilizer.
Embodiment 4 different microorganisms starters and wood vinegar be effect research in peat composed of rotten mosses fermentation
At the indoor dress fermentation of temperature material 2.5m
3Fermenter carried out the application different microorganisms starter of the peat composed of rotten mosses and sawdust compound, the fermentation test of wood vinegar, adopt biological fermentation process for peat composed of rotten mosses humic acids activation and select suitable fermentation Inoculant and use wood vinegar preliminary test basis is provided.
1, test materials
1.1 the peat composed of rotten mosses, hardwood sawdust and essential nutrient contents
The peat composed of rotten mosses that fermentation test is used picks up from the peat composed of rotten mosses source mill in prosperous magnificent forest products company limited new Bin County Bei Wangqing village in Liaoning Province, Donggang City; Sawdust is Donggang City prosperous magnificent forest products company limited wood chip processing byproduct.The HA content and the essential nutrient contents of two kinds of main fermentation material see Table 1.
Table 1 peat composed of rotten mosses and sawdust HA and essential nutrient contents analytical results table
1.2 four kinds of microbial starter cultures: the spring prosperous board microorganism straw fast decomposing agent of the high temperature fiber decomposer Inoculant that Japan product EM bacterial classification, three fish board enzymatic microorganism Inoculants, Chinese Academy of Sciences's Shenyang ecology are developed, south, Hebei province and spring prosperous biotechnology limited liability company development.
1.3 the huge surplus wooden jealous woman of Korea S is the wood vinegar of factory's product already.
2, test design and test method
2.1 the test processing scheme adopts multifactor split plot experiment design, the master is treated to 5 processing: (1) CK, (2) EM, (3) enzymatic microorganism, the ripe rotten agent of (4) straw, (5) high temperature fiber decomposer.The main secondary that is treated to is hidden repetition.Vice processing is handled for each is main and is established two fermenters (being that secondary repeats), is two vice processings, and each main first fermenter of processing is the control treatment of vice processing, and second fermenter handled for spraying wood vinegar, and the vice processing of spray wood vinegar is that five concealments repeat.Vice processing is totally 10 processing.
2.2 test method: path length 3.25m, wide 0.95m, high 0.90m fermenter in the indoor brick one-tenth of temperature, every groove dress fermentation material 2.5m
3, peat composed of rotten mosses 1.8m wherein
3, sawdust 0.7m
3, add in the fermenter of packing into behind an amount of urea, calcium superphosphate, the wood charcoal powder mixing, dress fermentation material limit, limit adds water or 500 times of wood vinegar, makes moisture content reach 65%.Adding urea amount makes fermentation material C/N ratio reach 1: 25.Be to keep leavening temperature, covered with plastic film above the night fermenter covers straw screen or mat on the greenhouse canopy film.Every day, observation at interval write down temperature, and stirring is ventilated and kept the skin wet in good time.
3, test-results discussion
3.1 the different microorganisms starter is to the influence of leavening temperature and fermentation rate
3.1.1 the different microorganisms starter is to the influence of leavening temperature
The leavening temperature of organic materials is one of important observation index of its fermentative action.Can find out from test leavening temperature statistics table 2:
Table 2 microbial starter culture and wood vinegar are to peat composed of rotten mosses leavening temperature cartogram
Add each average fermentation temperature and the highest leavening temperature of handling of microbial starter culture and all be higher than the contrast of not carrying out any processing in various degree, show that various microbial starter cultures all have certain effect to the fermentation decomposition of the peat composed of rotten mosses and sawdust.But the average fermentation temperature and the highest fermentation temperature contrast of different microorganisms starter are significant, the average fermentation temperature of test in 43 days is higher with straw fast decomposing agent, high temperature fiber decomposer, enzymatic microorganism, be respectively 41.1 ℃, 40.6 ℃, 40.3 ℃, increase 6.0 ℃, 5.5 ℃ and 5.2 ℃ respectively for 35.1 ℃ than the average fermentation temperature of blank.And that the average fermentation temperature of EM is only compared according to handling is high 0.3 ℃, and difference is not obvious.The fermentation top temperature is 46.0 ℃ of 54.0 ℃ of 55.0 ℃＞straw fast decomposing agents of 56.0 ℃＞high temperature fiber of enzymatic microorganism decomposer＞EM47.0 ℃＞contrasts.Except the highest leavening temperature of EM and contrast ratio difference are not remarkable, the highest leavening temperature comparison of other three kinds of microbial inoculants is according to increasing 8-10 ℃, and effect is significant.From average fermentation temperature and the highest leavening temperature, quick rotting agent, enzymatic microorganism, three kinds of microbial starter cultures of high temperature fiber decomposer all have obvious effect to the fermentation Decomposition of the peat composed of rotten mosses and sawdust, and the effect of EM microbial inoculum is not obvious.
3.1.2 the different microorganisms starter is to the influence of peat composed of rotten mosses fermentation rate
The height of organic materials leavening temperature, and morning and evening of gentle thermophilic fermentation time in entering are that the reflection microbial starter culture decomposes speed to organic materials, the important indicator of the active rate height that promptly ferments.The time that the different fermentations temperature of adding up from table 3 occurs can be found out, on the time that 〉=30 ℃ mesophilic digestions occur, singly add in 4 processing of different microorganisms starter, only adding that quick rotting agent handles is the 5th day leavening temperature 〉=30th ℃, and that EM, enzymatic microorganism, three processing of high temperature fiber decomposer handle with blank is the same, all is to begin at the 6th day to occur 〉=30 ℃ leavening temperature.Reach 〉=40 ℃ in the thermophilic fermentation temperature-time, 4 processing that singly add the microbial fermentation Inoculant were all obviously handled 3 to 4 days early than blank, wherein increasing temperature the cellulose-decomposing bacteria processing is 〉=40 ℃ of leavening temperatures of appearance in the 8th day, EM, quick rotting agent, 3 processing of enzymatic microorganism all occurred 〉=40 ℃ at the 9th day, and blank is handled the leavening temperature of 〉=40 ℃ of the 12nd talent's appearance.Blank and singly add two processing of EM microbial inoculum occur 〉=50 ℃ in fermentation thermophilic fermentation temperature, and enzymatic microorganism, quick rotting agent, high temperature fiber decomposer reach at the 16th day leavening temperature 〉=50 ℃.Gentle thermophilic fermentation speed from reach, the effect of quick rotting agent, enzymatic microorganism, three kinds of starters of high temperature fiber decomposer obviously are better than control treatment and also are better than singly adding the processing of EM microbial inoculum.
Temperature and thermophilic fermentation temperature-time cartogram during table 3 different treatment reaches (unit: day)
| Treatment temp | CK | The CK+ wood vinegar | EM | The EM+ wood vinegar | Enzymatic microorganism | Enzymatic microorganism+wood vinegar | Quick rotting agent | Quick rotting agent+wood vinegar | The high temperature fiber decomposer | Cellulose-decomposing bacteria+wood vinegar |
| ≥30℃ | 6 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 4 |
| ≥40℃ | 12 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 7 |
| ≥50℃ | - | 17 | - | - | 16 | 16 | 16 | 19 | 16 | 12 |
3.2 wood vinegar is to the influence of organism of fermentation, leavening temperature and fermentation rate
3.2.1 wood vinegar is to the influence of organism of fermentation and leavening temperature
From adding each the average fermentation temperature handled of 500 times of wood vinegar and the highest fermentation temperature statistics table 2 as a result, spray adds wood vinegar on inoculation quick rotting agent basis, its average fermentation temperature and the highest leavening temperature are handled low 2.6 ℃ and 4 ℃ than only inoculating quick rotting agent respectively, show that wood vinegar has certain retarding effect to the organism of fermentation in the quick rotting agent.The processing of inoculation enzymatic microorganism, spray adds the wood vinegar DeGrain, and the spray of inoculation EM microbial inoculum adds the average fermentation temperature that wood vinegar handles, the highest leavening temperature and improves than only inoculating the EM microbial inoculum and handling slightly, but difference is not remarkable.Spray adds wood vinegar on the control treatment of microbe inoculation starter not, and average fermentation temperature and the highest leavening temperature increase 4 ℃ and 7 ℃ than the blank processing respectively; Spray adds the processing of wood vinegar than only inoculating 3.4 ℃ of average fermentation increase in temperature, 2 ℃ of the highest fermentation increase in temperature that the high temperature fiber decomposer is handled on inoculation high temperature fiber decomposer basis.This test-results shows, under not microbe inoculation starter and inoculation high temperature fiber decomposer condition, spray adds 500 times of wood vinegar, and fermentation is decomposed to the peat composed of rotten mosses obvious promoter action.This shows that wood vinegar is inequality to the influence of different microorganisms starter, what have has a promoter action, and what have has a restraining effect, and the microbial starter culture that has had not both been had yet unrestraint effect of promoter action.
3.2.2 wood vinegar is to the influence of peat composed of rotten mosses fermentation rate
The time of temperature and thermophilic fermentation temperature each is handled and reaches from table 3, can obviously find out, spray adds the processing of wood vinegar and compares with the corresponding processing that does not add wood vinegar, except that two processing differences of inoculation quick rotting agent are not obvious, all the other several wood vinegar that add are handled all than corresponding contrast treatment, enter 〉=gentle in 30 ℃ 〉=middle thermophilic fermentation stage of 40 ℃ does sth. in advance 1-2 days, and the high temperature fiber decomposer add wood vinegar handle reach 〉=50 ℃ thermophilic fermentation time ratio only inoculates the processing 4 days ahead of time of high temperature fiber decomposer, contrast adds wood vinegar to be handled continuous 6 days leavening temperatures and reaches more than 50 ℃, and the blank that does not add wood vinegar is handled the highest leavening temperature and had only 46 ℃.Each is handled 〉=40 ℃ fermentation fate and sees that removing two processing of inoculation quick rotting agent occurs the negative effect from table 2, and other respectively adds, and wood vinegar is handled and many 2-8 of fate sky of corresponding contrast treatment.Above-mentioned test-results shows that wood vinegar has the fermentation of the peat composed of rotten mosses of promotion, the effect that improves fermentation rate under most of conditions.
3.3 the different microorganisms starter is to peat composed of rotten mosses HA content and activity influence
Humic acids content and active height thereof are to produce humic acid fertilizer main technical details and foundation, therefore we have analyzed total humic acid content (HA is total) and free humic acid content that sample is respectively handled in fermentation test, and while compares analysis with the sample that prosperous magnificent company storehouse is piled rotten fermentation method.See Table 4
Table 4 microbial starter culture and wood vinegar are to the impact analysis of peat composed of rotten mosses HA content table as a result
| Analysis project is handled | HA Always (％) | HA Always (％) | HA Trip/ HA total (%) | Analysis project is handled | HA Always (％) | HA Always (％) | HA Trip/ HA total (%) |
| CK | 31.92 | 26.53 | 83.11 | The CK+ wood vinegar | 35.58 | 26.79 | 75.30 |
| EM | 31.30 | 27.88 | 89.07 | The EM+ wood vinegar | 30.56 | 25.62 | 83.84 |
| Enzymatic microorganism | 30.81 | 26.86 | 87.18 | Enzymatic microorganism+wood vinegar | 31.20 | 27.69 | 88.75 |
| Quick rotting agent | 32.14 | 27.61 | 85.91 | Quick rotting agent+wood vinegar | 29.53 | 25.02 | 84.73 |
| Cellulose-decomposing bacteria | 31.85 | 26.27 | 82.48 | Cellulose-decomposing bacteria+wood vinegar | 34.39 | 27.20 | 79.09 |
| On average | 31.60 | 27.03 | 85.55 | On average | 32.25 | 26.46 | 82.34 |
Can find out that from analytical results table 4 each of a microbe inoculation starter handled peat composed of rotten mosses total humic acid content and blank processing total humic acid content difference little, do not have obviously influence.But the free humic acid content of inoculation EM microbial inoculum, enzymatic microorganism, 3 processing of quick rotting agent all has in various degree and increases, the ratio of free humic acid content and total humic acid is apparently higher than control treatment, increasing degree is 2.80-5.96%, shows that these three kinds of microbial starter cultures have the effect that improves peat composed of rotten mosses humic acid activity.Handle not obvious and only inoculate the high temperature fiber decomposer to peat composed of rotten mosses free humic acid content influence.
3.4 wood vinegar is to peat composed of rotten mosses HA content and activity influence
Spray adds 500 times of wood vinegar and respectively handles analytical results (seeing Table 4) and show the HA of wood vinegar to different treatment
AlwaysAnd HA
TripContent influence, to HA
TripWith HA
AlwaysRatio influence be different, spray does not add wood vinegar on the basis of the control treatment of microbe inoculation starter and inoculation high temperature fiber decomposer, does not add wood vinegar and handles HA than corresponding the spray
AlwaysContent increases by 3.66% and 2.47% respectively; HA
TripContent increases by 0.26% and 1.93% respectively.Enzymatic microorganism adds the spray wood vinegar and handles than only inoculating enzymatic microorganism processing HA
AlwaysAnd HA
TripContent increases 0.39% and 0.83% respectively.More than several Treatment Analysis data show that spray adds wood vinegar to improving fermentation material HA
AlwaysAnd HA
TripContent has certain effect.But the HA that quick rotting agent+wood vinegar is handled
AlwaysContent and HA
TripContent all is lower than only inoculates quick rotting agent processing, HA
AlwaysContent reduces by 2.61%, HA
TripContent reduces by 2.59%, this may with microorganism in the quick rotting agent in degradable fermented material process, cause the further decomposition loss of the less humic acids of labile molecule relevant.
3.5 rotten fermentation material of storehouse heap and greenhouse fermenter fermentation material humic acid activity are relatively
From table 5 analytical results as can be known, different fermentations condition and method are influential to the activation of humic acids in the peat composed of rotten mosses, and the two total humic acid content difference is bigger, and is different relevant with the sawdust amount of blending.The rotten fermentation of common heap, aeration condition is relatively poor, and moisture condition also is difficult to control, though HA
AlwaysContent is higher, but HA
TripContent is on the low side.And fermenter fermentation material in the greenhouse is adding under the wood vinegar treatment condition equally, because the control of conditions such as temperature, moisture, ventilation is better than heap formula fermentation in the storehouse, though total humic acid content is lower than storehouse heap formula fermentation 1.68%, HA
TripContent but is higher than heap formula fermentation material 4.72%, HA
TripWith HA
AlwaysRatio increases by 4.72% than heap formula fermentation material.This analytical results shows, controls the fermentation condition of the peat composed of rotten mosses well, adopts fermentation installation and method preferably, helps improving peat composed of rotten mosses humic acid activity, improves the humic acid material quality of producing humic acid fertilizer.
Table 5 different fermentations condition and method are to peat composed of rotten mosses humic acids activation effect comparison sheet
4, conclusion (of pressure testing)
4.1 according to leavening temperature and HA content and activation analysis result, test-results such as fermentation rate under without the wood vinegar condition, are that the organism of fermentation Inoculant is best to adopt straw fast decomposing agent, are high temperature fiber decomposer and enzymatic microorganism secondly.
4.2 add under 500 times of wood vinegar conditions in spray, should at first select for use high temperature fiber to decompose microbial inoculum is the organism of fermentation Inoculant, is enzymatic microorganism secondly.
4.3 wood vinegar promotes that peat composed of rotten mosses fermentative action is obvious, can be under microbe inoculation starter condition not, as peat composed of rotten mosses fermentation accelerant.
4.4 can control the fermentation installation and the method for fermentation condition preferably, help improving peat composed of rotten mosses humic acid activity and fermentation efficiency, the fermenter ferment effect is significantly better than heap formula fermentation process.
The application examples humic acid complex fertilizer is used the demonstration test final report in Donggang City
Humic acid complex fertilizer (the rotten fertile No. 1 (HA that adopts the present invention to produce
1) and rotten fertile No. 2 (HA
2)), carried out muskmelon, cucumber, the rotten fertile demonstration extend trial of Chinese cabbage etc. crops at warmhouse booth.Three test-results that now finished show, the humic acid complex fertilizer obvious effect of increasing production, and it is obvious to improve the crop quality effect, can increase peasant economy income, is a kind of environment-friendly type fertilizer that is subjected to the production green food that the peasant welcomes deeply.Several demonstration test results gather as follows:
1, experimental field soil type and main physical and chemical
1,1 soil type: three places experimental field are meadow soil
1,2 soil physico-chemical properties (seeing Table 6) experimental field
Table 6 is MAIN SOILS analysis of physical and chemical property table as a result experimental field
| Test family name | Test site | Trial crops | Organic (%) | Quick-acting nitrogen (PPm) | Rapid available phosphorus (PPm) | Available potassium (PPm) | PH |
| Dong Yongliang | The Da Dong town | Excellent No. 3 cucumber of brocade etc. | 4.63 | - | 23 | - | 6.2 |
| Dan Fucheng | The He Long town | Super sweet despot early | 2.06 | 83 | 8 | 95 | 5.9 |
| Muskmelon | |||||||
| Song Guanghua | Little pasture town | Yutian Chinese cabbage | 2.03 | 87 | 11 | 55 | 5.6 |
1, rotten fertile No. 1 and No. 2 fertile amount of preparation per ton of 3 tests, rotten fertile No. 1: the peat composed of rotten mosses (pulverizing reaches 60 mesh sieves) 410kg ferments; Diammonium phosphate 130kg; Urea 340kg; Vitriolate of tartar 120kg.Rotten fertile No. 2: the fermentation peat composed of rotten mosses (pulverizing reaches 60 mesh sieves) 477kg; Diammonium phosphate 174kg; Urea 149kg; Vitriolate of tartar 240kg.Contain humic acids 14%, N18%, P rotten fertile No. 1
2O
56%, K
2O6%; Contain humic acids 12%, N 10%, P rotten fertile No. 2
2O
58%, K
2O 12%.
The fermenting process of No. 1, the rotten fertilizer and rotten fertile No. 2 peats composed of rotten mosses is as follows: the 3mm sieve is crossed in the peat composed of rotten mosses coarse reduction of water content 30%, add its weight content 25% sawdust, to expect mixing and add high temperature fiber decomposer Inoculant by 1% amount, the fermenter of packing into, spray 500 times of wood vinegar in limit make free water content reach 65%, fermenter loam cake plastics film heat and moisture preserving during the limit tankage, also can add an amount of fish meal, cavings for accelerating fermentation, control C: N=25: 1; When leavening temperature reaches 60 ℃, per 7 days stirrings once, the ventilation, moisturizing; Leavening temperature goes out the stockpile corruption when reducing to below 30 ℃, carries out after-ripening.
Add nutritive elements such as N, P, K according to the above ratio respectively after the fermentation material is pulverized 60 mesh sieves, produced humic acid complex fertilizer.
2, test design scheme
2,1 test processing scheme: 3 processing are established in test: 1. conventional fertilizer application (CK); 2. rotten fertile No. 1 (HA
1); 3. rotten fertile No. 2 (HA
2).Secondary repeats.
2,2 experimental plot areas: cucumber test 30m
2(6m * 5m); Muskmelon test 60m
2(10m * 6m); Chinese cabbage test 54m
2(9m * 6m).
2,3 test rates of fertilizer application (seeing Table 7)
Table 7 test fertilising scale
3, test-results and discussion
3, the effect of increasing production of 1 rotten fertile demonstration test (seeing Table 8)
The rotten fertile effect of increasing production cartogram (unit: Kg/ mu) of table 8 to crop
Rotten fertile No. 1 and No. 2 effect of increasing production of three kinds of crop applyings as can be seen from top table 8 are suitable for melon dish and solanaceous vegetableses such as cucumber, muskmelon, increase production 13.62%-40.74% than the local habits fertilization of peasant for rotten fertile No. 2; Be suitable for Chinese cabbage leaf vegetables crop, on average increase production 13.62% for rotten fertile No. 1.Demonstration test is the result show, the production-increasing function of humic acid complex fertilizer is significant.
3,2 rotten fertilizer improve the crop quality effect
Rotten fertile demonstration test, Vc, reducing sugar and nitrate content analysis have been carried out in involutory grand muskmelon and the Chinese cabbage test sheet of little pasture in collection period, and analytical results is listed in table 9, table 10 and table 11.
3,2,1 is rotten fertile in muskmelon, Chinese cabbage Vc content influence
Table 9 muskmelon, Chinese cabbage Vc content analysis table (unit: mg/g)
Analytical results shows that corruption fertilizer increases muskmelon, Chinese cabbage Vc content effect is extremely remarkable, and wherein the effect of the fertile No. 2 increase Vc content of the fertile No. 1 ratio corruption of corruption is more obvious.
3,2,2 rotten fertile influences to muskmelon, Chinese cabbage reducing sugar content
Table 10 muskmelon, Chinese cabbage reducing sugar content analytical table (%)
Analysis of experiments result proves that rotten fertilizer also is clearly than conventional fertilizer application increase muskmelon, Chinese cabbage reducing sugar content effect, and the effect of rotten fertile No. 1 increase sugar content also is better than No. 2, rotten fertilizer.
3,2,3 rotten fertile influences to muskmelon, nitrate content of Chinese cabbage content
Table 11 muskmelon, nitrate content of Chinese cabbage content analysis table (unit: mg/kg)
Show that from table 11 nitrate content analytical results rotten fertilizer can obviously reduce muskmelon, nitrate content of Chinese cabbage content, rotten fertilizer reduces muskmelon No. 1 and No. 2, the effect of nitrate content of Chinese cabbage content is close.
4, rotten fertilizer is used Economic and Efficiency Analysis
4,1 muskmelon manurial experiment Economic and Efficiency Analysis
Table 12 muskmelon manurial experiment Economic and Efficiency Analysis table
| Handle | Rate of fertilizer application (Kg/ mu) | Fertilising drops into (unit/mu) | Per mu yield (Kg) | Product price (unit/Kg) | Per mu yield value (unit) | Mu net income (unit) | Profit poor (unit/mu) |
| CK | 55 | 103.8 | 1884.5 | 3.00 | 5653.5 | 5549.7 | - |
| HA 1 | 55 | 88.0 | 2313.4 | 3.00 | 6940.2 | 6852.2 | 1302.5 |
| HA 2 | 55 | 88.0 | 2652.7 | 3.00 | 7958.1 | 7870.1 | 2320.4 |
This fertilising Economic and Efficiency Analysis table is handled the fertilizer expense that drops into same amount and is not listed in each, is to use under the fertilizer amount conditions such as chemical fertilizer and rotten fertilizer economic benefit relatively to show, and increases benefit 1302.5 yuan by No. 1 muskmelon of rotten fertilizer in the table 12 than conventional fertilizer application mu; Rotten fertile No. 2 mus increase benefit 2320.4 yuan, and after whole fertilizer suction were deducted from the output value, rotten as calculated fertile produce for No. 1 thrown than being 14.8: 1; Rotten fertile No. 2 is 26.3: 1.The muskmelon demonstration test is the result prove, it is very considerable applying the rotten fertile economic benefit of bringing to the peasant.
4, the rotten fertile test Economic and Efficiency Analysis of 2 cucumber
The rotten fertile test Economic and Efficiency Analysis table of table 13 cucumber
| Handle | Rate of fertilizer application (Kg/ mu) | Fertilising drops into (unit/mu) | Per mu yield (Kg) | Product price (unit/Kg) | Per mu yield value (unit) | Mu net income (unit) | Profit poor (unit/mu) |
| CK | 110 | 88.0 | 3084.6 | 1.90 | 5860.7 | 5772.7 | - |
| HA 1 | 110 | 88.0 | 3273.5 | 1.90 | 6219.7 | 6131.7 | 359.0 |
| HA 2 | 110 | 88.0 | 3504.6 | 1.90 | 6658.7 | 6570.7 | 798.0 |
Will be every input after calculating, rotten fertile produce for No. 1 thrown than being 4.1: 1; Rotten fertile produce for No. 2 thrown than being 9: 1.
4, the rotten fertile test Economic and Efficiency Analysis of 3 Chinese cabbages
The rotten fertile test Economic and Efficiency Analysis table of table 14 Chinese cabbage
| Handle | Rate of fertilizer application (Kg/ mu) | Fertilising drops into (unit/mu) | Per mu yield (Kg) | Product price (unit/Kg) | Per mu yield value (unit) | Mu net income (unit) | Profit poor (unit/mu) |
| CK | 69.60 | 101.8 | 3073.0 | 0.40 | 1229.2 | 1127.4 | - |
| HA 1 | 33.35 | 53.4 | 3673.0 | 0.40 | 1469.2 | 1415.8 | 288.4 |
| HA 2 | 33.35 | 53.4 | 3521.2 | 0.40 | 1408.5 | 1355.1 | 227.7 |
Chinese cabbage is rotten fertile to produce for No. 1 and to throw than being 8.5: 1; Rotten fertile produce for No. 2 thrown than being 6.3: 1.
5, conclusion
5, the demonstration test result that carries out in muskmelon, cucumber, Chinese cabbage etc. crops of 1 humic acid complex fertilizer shows, rotten fertile volume increase and to improve the quality effect remarkable, and amount of increase in production is 6.12%-40.74%.
5,2 rotten fertilizer are applicable to leaf vegetables crops such as Chinese cabbage for No. 1; Be applicable to crops such as vegetable category, solanberry class rotten fertile No. 2.
5,3 test-results show, rotten fertilizer can obviously reduce nitrate salts content of vegetable, are the environment-friendly type fertilizers of producing green food.
5,4 use rotten fertilizer,, therefore popularizing application prospect is arranged aborning for the peasant increases remarkable in economical benefits than the local habits fertilization in Donggang City.
Claims (5)
1. the method for a producing turf humic acid compound fertilizer hy composite fermenting and degradation method, it is characterized in that: by the peat composed of rotten mosses with the saw not and/or the weight ratio of crop material be 4～5: 1 gets material, add high temperature fiber decomposer Inoculant and/or ferment microbial inoculum with the material mixing and by 0.5～1% amount, the fermenter of packing into, tankage limit, limit spray wood vinegar, make free water content reach 60～65%, fermentation material per ton adds wood vinegar stoste 0.7～1kg, the heat and moisture preserving fermentation, nutrition by required composite fertilizer behind the fermentation material crushing screening adds N, P, the K nutritive element is produced humic acid complex fertilizer.
2. according to the method for the described producing turf humic acid compound fertilizer hy composite fermenting and degradation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: detailed process is as follows, the peat composed of rotten mosses of getting water content 30～40% adds its weight content 20～30% sawdusts and/or agricultural crop straw, mixing be will expect and high temperature fiber decomposer Inoculant and/or ferment microbial inoculum added by 0.5～1% amount, the fermenter of packing into, spray 400～500 times of wood vinegar in limit during the limit tankage, make free water content reach 60～65%, the heat and moisture preserving fermentation, when temperature reaches more than 60 ℃ or 60 ℃, 3～7 days stirrings once, the ventilation, moisturizing; Leavening temperature goes out the stockpile corruption when reducing to below 30 ℃, carries out after-ripening; Nutrition by required composite fertilizer behind the fermentation material crushing screening adds N, P, K nutritive element, produces humic acid complex fertilizer.
3. according to the method for the described producing turf humic acid compound fertilizer hy composite fermenting and degradation method of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the 3-5mm sieve was crossed in preferably first coarse reduction before the peat composed of rotten mosses of described water content 30～40% was used.
4. according to the method for the described producing turf humic acid compound fertilizer hy composite fermenting and degradation method of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the add-on of described sawdust is 20～25%; Agricultural crop straw is straw and/or maize straw, and its add-on is 25～30%.
5. according to the method for the described producing turf humic acid compound fertilizer hy composite fermenting and degradation method of claim 2, it is characterized in that: for accelerating fermentation, fermentation materials can add fish meal and/or cavings, control C: N=25-30: 1.
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| CN102249747A (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2011-11-23 | 陈立兵 | BYM-biotechnology for leaching Huic. Acid |
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