WO2014106423A1

WO2014106423A1 - Method for preparing organic chelate fertilizer

Info

Publication number: WO2014106423A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/089044
Authority: WO
Inventors: 杨彪; 曲洋; 牛传凯
Original assignee: 迟英娟
Priority date: 2013-01-05
Filing date: 2013-12-11
Publication date: 2014-07-10
Also published as: CN103044144B; CN103044144A

Abstract

Provided in the present invention is a method for preparing organic chelate fertilizer comprising the preparation steps as follows: (1) cleaning rushes and crop straw, crushing, mixing, and adding a compound microorganism fluid and a sodium bicarbonate solution, then stirring, carrying out sealed fermentation, and then adding a potassium hydroxide solution to obtain a humus liquid; (2) performing a chelating reaction between a compound inorganic salt, containing amino acids and secondary and trace elements, with the humus liquid, adjusting the acidic solution to pH = 5-6, warming, and reacting while mixing, then adjusting the alkaline material to pH = 7 to obtain the chelate product solution; (3) adding nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and water by weight into a mixer and mixing well to make into a granulation slurry; (4) driving the chelate product solution and the granulation slurry into a shotcrete neutralization geosyncline, transferring into a granulator after mixing well, and spray-granulating to obtain the organic chelate fertilizer after drying. The organic chelate fertilizer prepared by the method of the present invention has the advantages of low consumption, high stability and high plant absorptivity.

Description

Preparation method of organic chelated fertilizer

Technical field

The invention belongs to the field of production and preparation of compound fertilizers, in particular to a preparation method of organic chelate fertilizers.

Background technique

In recent years, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers have been widely used. Due to the neglect of the addition of medium and trace elements, although the use of compound fertilizer has increased, the yield of crops has not been effectively improved, but crop diseases have increased. , land, water pollution. To solve this problem, researchers are gradually realizing the importance of the addition of trace elements. At present, most of the compound fertilizers containing medium and trace elements on the market simply add inorganic salts or oxides of medium and trace elements to the NPK compound fertilizer. Due to soil solidification and ionic antagonism, the method It often results in low utilization of trace elements and cannot effectively solve the above problems. Some manufacturers use EDTA, EDDHA, etc. as chelating agents, but they are expensive and have high production costs. Some manufacturers use humic acid and fulvic acid as chelating agents, but their chelation ability is weak.

In addition, with the increase of environmental pollution, heavy metal pollution in the soil has become an urgent problem to be solved. The heavy metals in the soil mainly come from pesticides, wastewater, sludge and atmospheric deposition. If the heavy metals contained in the soil cannot be effectively treated, they will be absorbed and accumulated by the crops, ultimately endangering human health. At present, the treatment of heavy metals in the soil cannot be completely removed, and some of the remaining heavy metals are easily absorbed and enriched by plants.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an organic chelated fertilizer in view of the problems in the prior art mentioned above.

The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: a preparation method of an organic chelated fertilizer, wherein the preparation steps are as follows:

1 Wash the bulrush and crop straw separately, pulverize to 20-60 mesh, mix by weight ratio 2-3:1, then add the composite bacterial solution and the concentration of 15% sodium bicarbonate solution, stir for 2 hours, seal, The fermentation was carried out at 60-80 ° C for 5 days, and then 15% potassium hydroxide solution was added to the fermented liquid to pH=7-8 to obtain a humic liquid, wherein the mixture of the straw and the crop straw, the composite bacterial liquid, 15 The weight ratio of % sodium hydrogen carbonate solution is 1:0.2-0.3:0.05-0.1;

2 Add the inorganic salt of the complex amino acid and the medium trace element to the chelate reaction kettle, then add the humic liquid to the chelation reaction tank, adjust to pH=5-6 with the acidic solution, and use 0.5-0.6 MPa saturated steam. The solution in the chelate reactor is heated to 50-80 ° C, stirred for 0.5-2 h, and then adjusted to pH = 7 with a basic substance to obtain a chelate product solution, and the chelate product solution is transferred to a chelate storage tank for use. , wherein the weight ratio of the total content of the trace elements to the humic solution is 1:2-3, and the weight ratio of the composite amino acid to the humic solution is 0.5-3:2-3;

3 adding nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and water to the mixing machine by weight ratio of 0.8-0.85:1.1-1.3:0.95-1.2:1 to form a granulated slurry;

4 Using a metering pump, the chelating product solution and the granulating slurry are pumped into the spray medium and the ground tank at a weight ratio of 1:10-20, mixed uniformly, and then transferred to a granulator for spray granulation, after drying. Obtained organic chelated fertilizer.

The preparation method of the composite bacterial liquid in the step 1 is as follows: the strains of the Bacillus subtilis and the yeast cultured in the laboratory are all inoculated into the expanded culture solution according to the inoculation amount of 4-8%, and the oxygen is isolated at 30-40 ° C. After stirring for 3 days, Bacillus subtilis reaches 400-600 million/mL, and yeast reaches 2-4 billion/mL, and a composite bacterial solution is obtained;

The formula for expanding the culture solution is: glucose 4.7g/kg, peptone 6.2g/kg, beef extract 2.1g/ Kg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 0.4g / kg, manganese sulfate 0.1g / kg, sodium acetate trihydrate 4.2g / kg, pH = 6-7, add water to make up.

The acidic substance is any one of citric acid, dilute sulfuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, and dilute phosphoric acid, and the alkaline substance is any one of a sodium hydroxide solution, a potassium hydroxide solution, and ammonia water.

The acidic substance is citric acid or dilute sulfuric acid, and the alkaline substance is ammonia water.

The weight ratio of the trace elements and elements in step 2 is: Ca 9-10, Mg 1.4-3, Zn 2.3-3.6, Fe 1.3-2.1, Mn 0.6-1, Cu 0.7-0.9, the inorganic salt of the medium trace element is any one of a sulfate, a chloride and a carbonate.

The crop straw according to step 1 may be straw of any one of wheat, rice, corn, and sorghum.

The nitrogen fertilizer described in step 3 is urea, the phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate, and the potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate or potassium chloride.

The stirring reaction time in the step 2 is 1-1.2 h.

A preparation method of an organic chelated fertilizer, the specific preparation steps are as follows:

1 Wash 15kg of Pucao and 6kg of rice straw separately, then pulverize to 40 mesh. After mixing, add 5.3kg of compound bacteria solution and 1.7kg of sodium bicarbonate solution with a concentration of 15%. Stir for 2h, seal, and heat at 70 °C. 5 days, then adding 15% potassium hydroxide solution to the fermented liquid to pH = 7.5, to obtain 28.3 kg of humic liquid;

The preparation method of the composite bacterial liquid is as follows: the strains of Bacillus subtilis and yeast are all added to the expanded culture solution according to the inoculation amount of 6%, and the oxygen is stirred and cultured for 3 days at 35 ° C, and the Bacillus subtilis reaches 500 million /mL, yeast After the bacteria reaches 300 million / mL, a composite bacterial solution is obtained;

The formula for expanding the culture solution is: glucose 24.9 g, peptone 32.9 g, beef cream 11.1 g, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 2.1 g, manganese sulfate 0.5g, sodium acetate trihydrate 22.3g, pH=6.5, add water to 5.3kg;

2 Add 19.8kg of complex amino acid, 20.5kg of calcium sulfate, 4.4kg of magnesium carbonate, 4kg of zinc chloride, 3.6kg of ferrous chloride, 1.7kg of manganese chloride, 1.26kg of copper sulfate to the chelation reactor, and then to the chelate Add 28.3 kg of humic solution to the reaction kettle, adjust to pH=5.5 with citric acid solution, raise the temperature of the solution in the chelate reactor to 65 ° C with 0.55 MPa saturated steam, stir the reaction for 1.2 h, then adjust to pH with ammonia water. =7, 84.2 kg of the chelate product solution is obtained, and the chelate product solution is transferred to the chelate storage tank for use;

3 257.6kg urea, 377kg monoammonium phosphate, 314.2kg potassium chloride and 314.2kg water were added to the mixer and mixed uniformly to make 1263kg granulation slurry;

4 Using a metering pump, 84.2kg of chelating product solution and 1263kg of granulated slurry were pumped into the spray and the ground tank, mixed uniformly and transferred to a granulator for spray granulation. After drying, 1347.2kg of organic chelated fertilizer was obtained. .

The preparation method of the organic chelated fertilizer of the invention comprises the humic liquid prepared by using the stalk and the crop straw as a raw material, which comprises a large amount of sodium humate and potassium humate, and is combined with the composite amino acid as an organic chelating agent to chelate with the medium and trace elements. Promote the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers by plants. The chelating agent and the complex amino acid in the humic solution can complement each other, so that each of the trace elements can achieve the best chelation effect, and the fertilizer effect can be stably maintained. At the same time, the humic acid in the humic solution can also sequester heavy metals in the soil to form precipitates, inhibiting the absorption of heavy metal ions by plants. In addition, since the humic liquid contains a large amount of organic fiber components of crushed bulrush and crop straw, the finally prepared organic chelating composite fertilizer contains a large amount of organic matter, and the organic matter content in the soil is increased after application, and the heavy metal can be reduced. Effectiveness, good adsorption and complexation ability for heavy metals in soil.

The preparation method of the organic chelated fertilizer of the invention combines the chelating process of the medium and trace elements with the traditional granulation process for producing the compound fertilizer, thereby eliminating the step of concentrating and drying the chelate product, and finally obtaining the method. The organic chelated fertilizer has strong chelation ability for medium and trace elements, directly granulates after chelation, does not require post-grinding and other processes, simplifies the preparation process, and adds humic liquid components which are fermented with bulrush and crop straw as raw materials. The organic chelated fertilizer can inhibit the absorption of heavy metals in the soil and improve the soil properties, which is more conducive to the absorption of nutrients by the plants.

The organic chelated fertilizer prepared by the method of the invention contains 0.1-3% of medium and trace elements, the compound fertilizer has small application amount, high stability and high plant absorption rate.

detailed description

The preparation method of an organic chelated fertilizer of the invention has the following steps:

The compound liquid obtained by expanding culture of Bacillus subtilis and yeast can anaerobicly fertilize the stalk and the crop straw, convert it into humic acid, and further convert the alkali to humate as a chelating agent for the chelation of the medium and trace elements. Bacillus subtilis and yeast strains are cultured according to known techniques.

The preferred acidic material not only adjusts the pH of the solution, but also has some antioxidant properties that prevent the product from being oxidized during application. The preferred alkaline material does not produce by-products, which is advantageous for ensuring product purity.

The weight ratio of the trace elements and elements in step 2 is: Ca 9-10, Mg 1.4-3, Zn 2.3-3.6, Fe 1.3-2.1, Mn 0.6-1, Cu 0.7-0.9, the inorganic salt of the medium trace element is any one of a sulfate, a chloride and a carbonate. The weight ratio of medium and trace elements can better promote the absorption of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizers by plants, which is in line with the demand for plant nutrient absorption.

The crop straw according to step 1 may be straw of any one of wheat, rice, corn, and sorghum. The selected crop straws make the prepared humus liquid contain a large amount of organic matter, which is beneficial to inhibit the absorption of heavy metals in the soil by plants.

The nitrogen fertilizer described in step 3 is urea, the phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate, and the potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate or potassium chloride. The selected nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizers are mixed with the chelating products of the trace elements to achieve optimal absorption.

The stirring reaction time in the step 2 is 1-1.2 h. The preferred agitation reaction time can achieve a better chelation effect.

The preparation method of an organic chelated fertilizer of the present invention may have the following specific examples:

Example 1 The specific preparation steps are as follows:

1 Wash 6.7kg of Pucao and 3.3kg of wheat straw separately, pulverize to 20 mesh, mix and add 2kg of complex bacteria solution and 0.5kg of 15% sodium bicarbonate solution, stir for 2h, seal, heat at 60 °C Fermentation for 5 days, then adding 15% potassium hydroxide solution to the fermentation liquid to pH=7, to obtain 14.6 kg of humic liquid;

The preparation method of the composite bacterial liquid is as follows: the strains of Bacillus subtilis and yeast are all inoculated into the expanded culture solution according to the inoculation amount of 4%, and the culture is stirred and stirred for 3 days at 30 ° C, and the Bacillus subtilis reaches 400 million/mL, yeast After the bacteria reaches 200 million / mL, a composite bacterial solution is obtained;

The formula for expanding the culture solution is: 9.4 g of glucose, 12.4 g of peptone, 4.2 g of beef extract, 0.8 g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and manganese sulfate. 0.2g, sodium acetate trihydrate 8.4g, pH=6, add water to 2kg;

2 3.7kg compound amino acid, 10.7kg calcium carbonate, 3.3kg magnesium sulfate, 2.3kg zinc chloride, 1.7kg ferrous sulfate, 1.0kg manganese chloride, 0.7kg copper chloride were added to the chelation reactor, and then Adding 14.6 kg of humic solution to the chelation reactor, adjusting to pH=5 with dilute sulfuric acid solution, heating the solution in the chelate reactor to 50 ° C with 0.5 MPa saturated steam, stirring the reaction for 0.5 h, then using sodium hydroxide The solution was adjusted to pH=7 to obtain 38.6 kg of the chelate product solution, and the chelate product solution was transferred to the chelate storage tank for use;

3 80.2kg urea, 110.3kg monoammonium phosphate, 95.2kg potassium chloride and 100.3kg water were added to the mixer and mixed uniformly to make 386kg granulation slurry;

4 Using a metering pump, 38.6kg of chelating product solution and 386kg of granulated slurry were sprayed into the spray and the ground tank, mixed uniformly and transferred to a granulator for spray granulation. After drying, 404.6kg of organic chelated fertilizer was obtained. .

Example 2 The specific preparation steps are as follows:

1 Wash 7.5kg of Pucao and 2.5kg of corn stover separately, then pulverize to 60 mesh. After mixing, add 3kg of compound bacteria solution and 1kg of sodium bicarbonate solution with a concentration of 15%. Stir for 2h, seal, and heat at 80 °C. After 5 days, a 15% potassium hydroxide solution was added to the fermented liquid to pH=8 to obtain 15.9 kg of humic solution;

The preparation method of the composite bacterial liquid is as follows: the strains of Bacillus subtilis and yeast are all added to the expanded culture solution according to the inoculation amount of 8%, and the oxygen is stirred and cultured for 3 days at 40 ° C, and the Bacillus subtilis reaches 600 million / mL, yeast After the bacteria reaches 400 million / mL, a composite bacterial solution is obtained;

The formula for expanding the culture solution is: 14.1 g of glucose, 18.6 g of peptone, 6.3 g of beef extract, 1.2 g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and manganese sulfate. 0.3g, sodium acetate trihydrate 12.6g, pH=7, add water to 3kg;

2 Add 15.9kg of complex amino acid, 1kg of calcium chloride, 3.1kg of magnesium chloride, 2.3kg of zinc sulfate, 1.8kg of ferrous chloride, 0.7kg of manganese sulfate, 0.5kg of copper chloride to the chelation reactor, and then chelate Add 15.9kg of humic solution to the reaction kettle, adjust to pH=6 with dilute hydrochloric acid solution, raise the temperature of the solution in the chelation reactor to 80 °C with 0.6 MPa saturated steam, stir the reaction for 2 h, then adjust with sodium hydroxide solution until At pH=7, 51.2 kg of a chelate product solution is obtained, and the chelate product solution is transferred to a chelate storage tank for use;

3 200.1kg urea, 306kg diammonium phosphate, 282.5kg potassium chloride and 235.4kg water were added to the mixer and mixed uniformly to make 1024kg granulation slurry;

4 Using a metering pump, 51.2kg of chelating product solution and 1024kg of granulated slurry were sprayed into the spray medium and ground tank, mixed uniformly and then transferred to a granulator for spray granulation. After drying, 1049.2kg organic chelated fertilizer was obtained. .

Example 3 The specific preparation steps are as follows:

4 Using a metering pump, 84.2kg of chelating product solution and 1263kg of granulated slurry were pumped into the spray and the ground tank, mixed uniformly and transferred to a granulator for spray granulation. After drying, 1327.2kg of organic chelated fertilizer was obtained. .

Example 4 The specific preparation steps are as follows:

1 Wash 9kg of sorghum and 3kg of sorghum straw separately, then pulverize to 50 mesh. After mixing, add 2.4kg of mixed bacterial solution and 1.2kg of 15% sodium bicarbonate solution. Stir for 2h, seal, and heat at 60 °C. 5 days, then adding 15% potassium hydroxide solution to the fermented liquid to pH=8, to obtain 16.2 kg of humic liquid;

The preparation method of the composite bacterial liquid is as follows: the strains of Bacillus subtilis and yeast are all added to the expanded culture solution according to the inoculation amount of 5%, and the oxygen is stirred and cultured for 3 days at 35 ° C, and the Bacillus subtilis reaches 600 million / mL, yeast After the bacteria reaches 300 million / mL, a composite bacterial solution is obtained;

The formula for expanding the culture solution is: glucose 11.3g, peptone 14.9g, beef extract 5g, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 1g, manganese sulfate 0.2g, sodium acetate trihydrate 10.1g, pH=6.5, add water to 2.4kg;

2 2.7kg compound amino acid, 13.8kg calcium sulfate, 5.4kg magnesium chloride, 2.2kg zinc chloride, 2.6kg ferrous sulfate, 0.9kg manganese chloride, 1kg copper sulfate were added to the chelation reactor, and then chelate reaction 16.2kg of humic solution was added to the kettle, adjusted to pH=6 with dilute phosphoric acid solution, and the solution in the chelate reactor was heated to 70 ° C with 0.5 MPa saturated steam, stirred for 1 h, and then adjusted to pH with potassium hydroxide solution. =7, 45kg of chelated product solution is obtained, and the chelated product solution is transferred to the chelate storage tank for use;

3 111.4kg urea, 181.1kg diammonium phosphate, 153.2kg potassium sulfate and 139.3kg water were added to the mixer and mixed uniformly to make 585kg granulation slurry;

4 Using a metering pump, 45kg of chelating product solution and 585kg of granulated slurry were sprayed into the spray medium and the ground tank, mixed uniformly, and then transferred to a granulator for spray granulation. After drying, 614 kg of organic chelated fertilizer was obtained.

Claims

A method for preparing an organic chelated fertilizer, characterized in that the preparation steps are as follows:

1 Wash the bulrush and crop straw separately, pulverize to 20-60 mesh, mix by weight ratio 2-3:1, then add the composite bacterial solution and the concentration of 15% sodium bicarbonate solution, stir for 2 hours, seal, The fermentation was carried out at 60-80 ° C for 5 days, and then 15% potassium hydroxide solution was added to the fermented liquid to pH=7-8 to obtain a humic liquid, wherein the mixture of the straw and the crop straw, the composite bacterial liquid, 15 The weight ratio of % sodium hydrogen carbonate solution is 1:0.2-0.3:0.05-0.1;

2 Add the inorganic salt of the complex amino acid and the medium trace element to the chelate reaction kettle, then add the humic liquid to the chelation reaction tank, adjust to pH=5-6 with the acidic solution, and use 0.5-0.6 MPa saturated steam. The solution in the chelate reactor is heated to 50-80 ° C, stirred for 0.5-2 h, and then adjusted to pH = 7 with a basic substance to obtain a chelate product solution, and the chelate product solution is transferred to a chelate storage tank for use. , wherein the weight ratio of the total content of the trace elements to the humic solution is 1:2-3, and the weight ratio of the composite amino acid to the humic solution is 0.5-3:2-3;

3 adding nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and water to the mixing machine by weight ratio of 0.8-0.85:1.1-1.3:0.95-1.2:1 to form a granulated slurry;

4 Using a metering pump, the chelating product solution and the granulating slurry are pumped into the spray medium and the ground tank at a weight ratio of 1:10-20, mixed uniformly, and then transferred to a granulator for spray granulation, after drying. Obtained organic chelated fertilizer.
The method for preparing an organic chelated fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the composite bacterial liquid according to the step 1 is: the strains of the laboratory cultured Bacillus subtilis and the yeast are all according to 4 -8% of the inoculum is added to the expanded culture medium, and the oxygen is stirred and cultured for 3 days at 30-40 ° C, the Bacillus subtilis reaches 400-600 million / mL, and the yeast reaches 2-4 billion / mL, and the composite bacterial liquid is obtained. ;

The formula for expanding the culture solution is: glucose 4.7g/kg, peptone 6.2g/kg, beef extract 2.1g/kg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 0.4g/kg, manganese sulfate 0.1g/kg, sodium acetate trihydrate 4.2g/kg, pH=6-7, add water to make up.
The method for preparing an organic chelated fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the acidic substance is any one of citric acid, dilute sulfuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, and dilute phosphoric acid; and the alkaline substance is Any of sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, and ammonia water.
The method for preparing an organic chelated fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the acidic substance is citric acid or dilute sulfuric acid; and the alkaline substance is ammonia water.
The method for preparing an organic chelated fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the crop straw according to step 1 is straw of any one of wheat, rice, corn and sorghum.
The method for preparing an organic chelated fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer in the step 3 is urea, the phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate, and the potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate or potassium chloride.
The method for preparing an organic chelated fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the stirring reaction time in the step 2 is 1-1.2 h.
A method for preparing an organic chelated fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the specific preparation steps are as follows:

1 Wash 15kg of Pucao and 6kg of rice straw separately, then pulverize to 40 mesh. After mixing, add 5.3kg of compound bacteria solution and 1.7kg of sodium bicarbonate solution with a concentration of 15%. Stir for 2h, seal, and heat at 70 °C. 5 days, then adding 15% potassium hydroxide solution to the fermented liquid to pH = 7.5, to obtain 28.3 kg of humic liquid;

The preparation method of the composite bacterial liquid is as follows: the strains of Bacillus subtilis and yeast are all added to the expanded culture solution according to the inoculation amount of 6%, and the oxygen is stirred and cultured for 3 days at 35 ° C, and the Bacillus subtilis reaches 500 million /mL, yeast After the bacteria reaches 300 million / mL, a composite bacterial solution is obtained;

The formula for expanding the culture solution is: glucose 24.9 g, peptone 32.9 g, beef cream 11.1 g, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 2.1 g, manganese sulfate 0.5g, sodium acetate trihydrate 22.3g, pH=6.5, add water to 5.3kg;

2 Add 19.8kg of complex amino acid, 20.5kg of calcium sulfate, 4.4kg of magnesium carbonate, 4kg of zinc chloride, 3.6kg of ferrous chloride, 1.7kg of manganese chloride, 1.26kg of copper sulfate to the chelation reactor, and then to the chelate Add 28.3 kg of humic solution to the reaction kettle, adjust to pH=5.5 with citric acid solution, raise the temperature of the solution in the chelate reactor to 65 ° C with 0.55 MPa saturated steam, stir the reaction for 1.2 h, then adjust to pH with ammonia water. =7, 84.2 kg of the chelate product solution is obtained, and the chelate product solution is transferred to the chelate storage tank for use;

3 257.6kg urea, 377kg monoammonium phosphate, 314.2kg potassium chloride and 314.2kg water were added to the mixer and mixed uniformly to make 1263kg granulation slurry;

4 Using a metering pump, 84.2kg of chelating product solution and 1263kg of granulated slurry were pumped into the spray and the ground tank, mixed uniformly and transferred to a granulator for spray granulation. After drying, 1347.2kg of organic chelated fertilizer was obtained. .