CN112174736A - Method for preparing biological organic fertilizer by using crop straws - Google Patents
Method for preparing biological organic fertilizer by using crop straws Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a biological organic fertilizer by utilizing crop straws, which relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, and is characterized in that the crop straws are used as main materials of the organic fertilizer, the nutrient utilization rate of the crop straws is improved by carrying out heat treatment on the crop straws, and the efficient utilization of the crop straws as the fertilizer is realized; various auxiliary materials are added to prepare the green and environment-friendly organic fertilizer, so that the processing cost is reduced, and the fertility supply to crops is ensured; meanwhile, the prepared organic fertilizer is endowed with an excellent slow release effect by a coating mode, the action time of the fertilizer is prolonged, and the nutrient utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved, so that the fertilizing cost of a grower is reduced, and the burden of soil is relieved.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a method for preparing a biological organic fertilizer by utilizing crop straws.
Background art:
organic fertilizer, mainly from plants and or animals, is applied to the soil to provide plant nutrition as a carbon-containing material with main functions. Is prepared from biological substances, animal and plant wastes and plant residues, eliminates toxic and harmful substances in the biological substances, and is rich in a large amount of beneficial substances, including: various organic acids, peptides and rich nutrient elements including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The fertilizer not only can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, but also has long fertilizer efficiency, can increase and update soil organic matters, promote microbial propagation, improve the physical and chemical properties and biological activity of soil, and is a main nutrient for green food production.
Due to factors such as volatilization, loss and permeability, the utilization rate of the fertilizer in China in the season is low, the utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer is about 30-35%, the utilization rate of the phosphate fertilizer is about 10-25%, and the utilization rate of the potassium fertilizer is about 35-50%, which is far lower than the level of developed countries. The low fertilizer utilization rate not only causes huge economic loss, but also seriously pollutes the water body, causes eutrophication of the water body and leads the content of harmful components such as nitrate in the water body to exceed the standard.
The crop straw is a general term of stem and leaf (ear) parts of mature crops, is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, organic matters and the like, and is a multipurpose renewable biological resource. At present, the common application mode of crop straws as fertilizer is to bury and return the straws to the field directly, although the operation is simple and convenient, the problem of low utilization rate of straw nutrients exists, and the straws are not broken like decomposed farmyard manure, so the planting of the crops can be influenced, and the burning phenomenon is caused.
The invention aims to reduce the processing cost and improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, and adopts crop straws as the main material to prepare the organic fertilizer, and the prepared organic fertilizer is rich in various nutrient elements required by the growth of plants, can well meet the healthy growth of the plants, and is green and environment-friendly.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing a biological organic fertilizer by utilizing crop straws, which improves the nutrient utilization rate of the crop straws through heat treatment of the crop straws and endows the organic fertilizer with a certain slow release effect through a coating mode, thereby improving the nutrient utilization rate of the organic fertilizer and further prolonging the fertilization period.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the method for preparing the biological organic fertilizer by utilizing the crop straws comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) heat treatment of the straw: crushing crop straws dried until the water content is lower than 5%, putting the crushed crop straws into a high-pressure reaction kettle, adding a phosphoric acid solution, soaking, heating, pressurizing, carrying out heat treatment, relieving pressure after the treatment is finished, cooling, carrying out filter pressing, drying and crushing to obtain straw powder;
(2) and (3) milling the vinasse: reducing the water content of the vinasse to below 25% by using a filter press, adding zeolite powder, uniformly mixing, and crushing to obtain zeolite-doped vinasse;
(3) preparing a granular fertilizer: adding straw powder, dry sheep manure, zeolite-doped vinasse, phosphogypsum, medium trace elements and biological strains into a mixer, fully mixing, and preparing into granulated fertilizer by using a fertilizer granulator;
(4) preparing an organic fertilizer: dissolving the coating material with 5% acetic acid solution to obtain coating solution, adding the granular fertilizer into a coating machine, spraying the coating solution under the rotation of the coating machine, continuing to rotate after spraying, and drying to obtain the organic fertilizer.
The mass concentration of the phosphoric acid solution is 5-10%.
The mass ratio of the crop straws to the phosphoric acid solution is 1: 2-10.
The temperature of the heat treatment is 60-80 ℃, the pressure is 0.5-2MPa, and the time is 2-8 h.
The mass ratio of the zeolite powder to the vinasse subjected to filter pressing and water removal is 1: 1-5.
The mass ratio of the straw powder, the dry sheep manure, the zeolite-doped vinasse, the phosphogypsum, the medium trace elements and the biological strains is 100:20-50:10-20:1-10:1-10: 0.5-3.
The biological strain consists of azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and aspergillus niger in a mass ratio of 1-5:1-5: 1-5.
The medium trace elements consist of zinc sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, borax and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 1-10:1-10:1-10:1-10: 1-10.
Under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, phosphoric acid permeates into the straw gradually after wetting the surface of the straw, cell walls of the straw are damaged, and the cell walls are peeled off to be beneficial to leaching out nutrients in soil, so that the utilization rate of the fertility of the straw is improved, and the problem that the fertility of the fertilizer cannot be effectively improved because the conventional straw can only play a role in loosening the soil as the fertilizer is solved.
Vinasse is a direct leftover in the brewing process, contains various trace elements, vitamins, saccharomycetes and the like, and has high content of lysine, methionine and tryptophan, which cannot be provided by crop straws. The water content of the vinasse is high, the vinasse is easy to agglomerate and cake, beneficial bacteria contained in the vinasse can be killed if the vinasse is dried, and the cost is increased by freeze drying. Therefore, the present invention removes the water content in the distiller's grains as much as possible by using the filter press, and then disperses the distiller's grains by using the water absorption of the zeolite powder to prepare the powder, and the added zeolite powder can play a role in improving the soil.
The phosphogypsum contains abundant soluble calcium, sulfur, phosphorus and trace elements, can be used as a low-concentration fertilizer and a trace element supplying agent, and can play double roles of a modifying agent and a fertilizer when being used on alkaline soil.
The medium trace elements comprise various medium trace elements and trace elements, and the problems of slow growth, yield damage and low quality can occur when the plants lack the medium trace elements.
The biological strains can play roles in improving soil fertility, assisting plants in absorbing nutrition and enhancing plant stress resistance.
The coating material consists of chitosan and beta-cyclodextrin in a mass ratio of 1-5: 1.
The mass ratio of the granular fertilizer to the coating material is 80-95: 5-20.
Chitosan and beta-cyclodextrin belong to coating materials commonly used in the field, a high molecular network structure of the chitosan and the beta-cyclodextrin is used for coating granular fertilizer, but the chitosan and the beta-cyclodextrin are easily sticky after meeting water, and the coating formed on the surface of the granular fertilizer deforms and even breaks, so that the slow release effect of the fertilizer is influenced. Therefore, the invention also adopts the following coating materials to ensure the slow release effect of the fertilizer.
The coating material is prepared by polymerizing N- ((2- (diisopropylamino) ethoxy) methyl) acrylamide serving as a monomer, and the average polymerization degree is 500-1300.
The N- ((2- (diisopropylamino) ethoxy) methyl) acrylamide is prepared by performing substitution reaction on N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and diisopropylaminoethyl chloride hydrochloride in a molar ratio of 1: 1.
The preparation method of the coating material comprises the following steps: dissolving N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and diisopropylaminoethyl chloride hydrochloride in water, adding triethylamine, heating for substitution reaction, adding potassium persulfate after the substitution reaction is finished, continuing heating for polymerization reaction, cooling after the polymerization reaction is finished, adding ethanol for precipitation, filtering, taking a solid, and drying to obtain a coating material;
the invention has the beneficial effects that: the crop straws are used as the main material of the organic fertilizer, and the nutrient utilization rate of the crop straws is improved by carrying out heat treatment on the crop straws, so that the crop straws are efficiently utilized as the fertilizer; various auxiliary materials are added to prepare the green and environment-friendly organic fertilizer, so that the processing cost is reduced, and the fertility supply to crops is ensured; meanwhile, the prepared organic fertilizer is endowed with an excellent slow release effect by a coating mode, the action time of the fertilizer is prolonged, and the nutrient utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved, so that the fertilizing cost of a grower is reduced, and the burden of soil is relieved.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Example 1
(1) Heat treatment of the straw: crushing 1kg of crop straws dried until the water content is lower than 5%, putting the crushed crop straws into a high-pressure reaction kettle, adding 5kg of 8% phosphoric acid solution, soaking for 30min, heating and pressurizing for heat treatment, wherein the temperature of the heat treatment is 70 ℃, the pressure is 1.5MPa, and the time is 3h, and after the heat treatment is finished, decompressing, cooling, press-filtering, drying and crushing to obtain the straw powder.
(2) And (3) milling the vinasse: reducing the water content of the vinasse to 18.7% by using a filter press, adding 1kg of zeolite powder into 4kg of vinasse subjected to filter pressing and dewatering, uniformly mixing, and crushing to obtain zeolite-doped vinasse.
(3) Preparing a granular fertilizer: 100kg of straw powder, 38kg of dry sheep manure, 12kg of zeolite-doped vinasse, 3kg of phosphogypsum, 2kg of medium trace elements (consisting of zinc sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, borax and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 5:4:3:3:2:2: 1) and 0.5kg of biological strains (consisting of azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and aspergillus niger in a mass ratio of 4:3:2: 1) are added into a mixer, and the mixture is fully mixed and then made into granulated fertilizer by a fertilizer granulator.
(4) Preparing an organic fertilizer: dissolving 15kg of coating material (consisting of chitosan and beta-cyclodextrin in a mass ratio of 1: 1) with 5% acetic acid solution to prepare coating solution, adding 85kg of granular fertilizer into a coating machine, spraying the coating solution under the rotation of the coating machine, continuing to rotate after the spraying is finished, and drying to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Example 2
Example 2 differs from example 1 in that the pressure and time of the straw heat treatment are varied.
(1) Heat treatment of the straw: crushing 1kg of crop straws dried until the water content is lower than 5%, putting the crushed crop straws into a high-pressure reaction kettle, adding 5kg of 8% phosphoric acid solution, soaking for 30min, heating and pressurizing for heat treatment, wherein the temperature of the heat treatment is 70 ℃, the pressure is 2MPa, and the time is 4h, and after the heat treatment is finished, decompressing, cooling, press-filtering, drying and crushing to obtain the straw powder.
(2) And (3) milling the vinasse: reducing the water content of the vinasse to 18.7% by using a filter press, adding 1kg of zeolite powder into 4kg of vinasse subjected to filter pressing and dewatering, uniformly mixing, and crushing to obtain zeolite-doped vinasse.
(3) Preparing a granular fertilizer: 100kg of straw powder, 38kg of dry sheep manure, 12kg of zeolite-doped vinasse, 3kg of phosphogypsum, 2kg of medium trace elements (consisting of zinc sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, borax and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 5:4:3:3:2:2: 1) and 0.5kg of biological strains (consisting of azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and aspergillus niger in a mass ratio of 4:3:2: 1) are added into a mixer, and the mixture is fully mixed and then made into granulated fertilizer by a fertilizer granulator.
(4) Preparing an organic fertilizer: dissolving 15kg of coating material (consisting of chitosan and beta-cyclodextrin in a mass ratio of 1: 1) with 5% acetic acid solution to prepare coating solution, adding 85kg of granular fertilizer into a coating machine, spraying the coating solution under the rotation of the coating machine, continuing to rotate after the spraying is finished, and drying to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Example 3
Example 3 differs from example 1 in that the coating material is replaced by poly N- ((2- (diisopropylamino) ethoxy) meth) acrylamide.
(1) Heat treatment of the straw: crushing 1kg of crop straws dried until the water content is lower than 5%, putting the crushed crop straws into a high-pressure reaction kettle, adding 5kg of 8% phosphoric acid solution, soaking for 30min, heating and pressurizing for heat treatment, wherein the temperature of the heat treatment is 70 ℃, the pressure is 1.5MPa, and the time is 3h, and after the heat treatment is finished, decompressing, cooling, press-filtering, drying and crushing to obtain the straw powder.
(2) And (3) milling the vinasse: reducing the water content of the vinasse to 18.7% by using a filter press, adding 1kg of zeolite powder into 4kg of vinasse subjected to filter pressing and dewatering, uniformly mixing, and crushing to obtain zeolite-doped vinasse.
(3) Preparing a granular fertilizer: 100kg of straw powder, 38kg of dry sheep manure, 12kg of zeolite-doped vinasse, 3kg of phosphogypsum, 2kg of medium trace elements (consisting of zinc sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, borax and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 5:4:3:3:2:2: 1) and 0.5kg of biological strains (consisting of azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and aspergillus niger in a mass ratio of 4:3:2: 1) are added into a mixer, and the mixture is fully mixed and then made into granulated fertilizer by a fertilizer granulator.
(4) Preparation of the coating material: dissolving 10g N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and 20g of diisopropylaminoethyl chloride hydrochloride in water, adding 20g of triethylamine, heating to 60 ℃ for substitution reaction for 2h, adding 1.5g of potassium persulfate after the substitution reaction is finished, continuing heating to 70 ℃ for polymerization reaction for 3h, cooling after the polymerization reaction is finished, adding equivalent ethanol for precipitation, filtering, taking a solid, and drying to obtain the coating material.
(5) Preparing an organic fertilizer: dissolving 15kg of coating material with 5% acetic acid solution to prepare coating solution, adding 85kg of granular fertilizer into a coating machine, spraying the coating solution under the rotation of the coating machine, continuing to rotate after the spraying is finished, and drying to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 3 in that N-methylolacrylamide is used directly as a polymerization monomer in the preparation of the coating material.
(1) Heat treatment of the straw: crushing 1kg of crop straws dried until the water content is lower than 5%, putting the crushed crop straws into a high-pressure reaction kettle, adding 5kg of 8% phosphoric acid solution, soaking for 30min, heating and pressurizing for heat treatment, wherein the temperature of the heat treatment is 70 ℃, the pressure is 1.5MPa, and the time is 3h, and after the heat treatment is finished, decompressing, cooling, press-filtering, drying and crushing to obtain the straw powder.
(2) And (3) milling the vinasse: reducing the water content of the vinasse to 18.7% by using a filter press, adding 1kg of zeolite powder into 4kg of vinasse subjected to filter pressing and dewatering, uniformly mixing, and crushing to obtain zeolite-doped vinasse.
(3) Preparing a granular fertilizer: 100kg of straw powder, 38kg of dry sheep manure, 12kg of zeolite-doped vinasse, 3kg of phosphogypsum, 2kg of medium trace elements (consisting of zinc sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, borax and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 5:4:3:3:2:2: 1) and 0.5kg of biological strains (consisting of azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and aspergillus niger in a mass ratio of 4:3:2: 1) are added into a mixer, and the mixture is fully mixed and then made into granulated fertilizer by a fertilizer granulator.
(4) Preparation of the coating material: dissolving 30g N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide in water, adding 1.5g of potassium persulfate, continuing to heat to 70 ℃ for polymerization reaction for 3h, cooling after the polymerization reaction is finished, adding equal amount of ethanol for precipitation, filtering, taking solid, and drying to obtain the coating material.
(5) Preparing an organic fertilizer: dissolving 15kg of coating material with 5% acetic acid solution to prepare coating solution, adding 85kg of granular fertilizer into a coating machine, spraying the coating solution under the rotation of the coating machine, continuing to rotate after the spraying is finished, and drying to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 3 in the polyvinyl alcohol as coating material.
(1) Heat treatment of the straw: crushing 1kg of crop straws dried until the water content is lower than 5%, putting the crushed crop straws into a high-pressure reaction kettle, adding 5kg of 8% phosphoric acid solution, soaking for 30min, heating and pressurizing for heat treatment, wherein the temperature of the heat treatment is 70 ℃, the pressure is 1.5MPa, and the time is 3h, and after the heat treatment is finished, decompressing, cooling, press-filtering, drying and crushing to obtain the straw powder.
(2) And (3) milling the vinasse: reducing the water content of the vinasse to 18.7% by using a filter press, adding 1kg of zeolite powder into 4kg of vinasse subjected to filter pressing and dewatering, uniformly mixing, and crushing to obtain zeolite-doped vinasse.
(3) Preparing a granular fertilizer: 100kg of straw powder, 38kg of dry sheep manure, 12kg of zeolite-doped vinasse, 3kg of phosphogypsum, 2kg of medium trace elements (consisting of zinc sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, borax and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 5:4:3:3:2:2: 1) and 0.5kg of biological strains (consisting of azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and aspergillus niger in a mass ratio of 4:3:2: 1) are added into a mixer, and the mixture is fully mixed and then made into granulated fertilizer by a fertilizer granulator.
(5) Preparing an organic fertilizer: dissolving 15kg of polyvinyl alcohol with 5% acetic acid solution to prepare coating solution, adding 85kg of granular fertilizer into a coating machine, spraying the coating solution under the rotation of the coating machine, continuing to rotate after spraying, and drying to obtain the organic fertilizer.
The infrared spectrum analysis showed that the coating material prepared in example 3 showed infrared absorption peaks of amide and ether groups, thus confirming that the coating material was indeed prepared by reacting N-methylolacrylamide with diisopropylaminoethyl chloride hydrochloride.
The nutrient release rate of the organic fertilizer prepared in the above examples and comparative examples was measured according to GB/T23348.
Putting 10g of organic fertilizer into a nylon gauze bag, sealing the nylon gauze bag, putting the nylon gauze bag into a flask containing 250mL of distilled water, covering and sealing the flask, shaking at a constant speed for 24 hours, removing the water in the flask, measuring the initial nutrient release rate, adding 250mL of distilled water into the flask, continuing to shake at a constant speed, repeating the operation, and measuring the cumulative nutrient release rates of 30 days, 60 days and 90 days. Each set of experiments was run in triplicate and the average was taken. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
From the above table, the coating material used in example 3 can provide the prepared organic fertilizer with good slow release effect, and the slow release effect is superior to that of conventional chitosan, beta-cyclodextrin, polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The method for preparing the biological organic fertilizer by utilizing the crop straws is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) heat treatment of the straw: crushing crop straws dried until the water content is lower than 5%, putting the crushed crop straws into a high-pressure reaction kettle, adding a phosphoric acid solution, soaking, heating, pressurizing, carrying out heat treatment, relieving pressure after the treatment is finished, cooling, carrying out filter pressing, drying and crushing to obtain straw powder;
(2) and (3) milling the vinasse: reducing the water content of the vinasse to below 25% by using a filter press, adding zeolite powder, uniformly mixing, and crushing to obtain zeolite-doped vinasse;
(3) preparing a granular fertilizer: adding straw powder, dry sheep manure, zeolite-doped vinasse, phosphogypsum, medium trace elements and biological strains into a mixer, fully mixing, and preparing into granulated fertilizer by using a fertilizer granulator;
(4) preparing an organic fertilizer: dissolving the coating material with 5% acetic acid solution to obtain coating solution, adding the granular fertilizer into a coating machine, spraying the coating solution under the rotation of the coating machine, continuing to rotate after spraying, and drying to obtain the organic fertilizer.
2. The method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer by using the crop straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the mass concentration of the phosphoric acid solution is 5-10%.
3. The method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer by using the crop straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the mass ratio of the crop straws to the phosphoric acid solution is 1: 2-10.
4. The method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer by using the crop straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the temperature of the heat treatment is 60-80 ℃, the pressure is 0.5-2MPa, and the time is 2-8 h.
5. The method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer by using the crop straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the mass ratio of the zeolite powder to the vinasse subjected to filter pressing and water removal is 1: 1-5.
6. The method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer by using the crop straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the mass ratio of the straw powder, the dry sheep manure, the zeolite-doped vinasse, the phosphogypsum, the medium trace elements and the biological strains is 100:20-50:10-20:1-10:1-10: 0.5-3.
7. The method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer by using the crop straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the biological strain consists of azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and aspergillus niger in a mass ratio of 1-5:1-5: 1-5.
8. The method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer by using the crop straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the medium trace elements consist of zinc sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, borax and manganese sulfate in a mass ratio of 1-10:1-10:1-10:1-10: 1-10.
9. The method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer by using the crop straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the coating material consists of chitosan and beta-cyclodextrin in a mass ratio of 1-5: 1.
10. The method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer by using the crop straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the mass ratio of the granular fertilizer to the coating material is 80-95: 5-20.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114751790A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-15 | 石家庄市丰硕肥业有限公司 | Preparation method and device for preparing bio-organic fertilizer by using crop straws |
| CN116375526A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-07-04 | 安丘市天赐生物肥料有限公司 | Organic fertilizer prepared from fruit and vegetable waste and production method thereof |
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| CN116375526A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-07-04 | 安丘市天赐生物肥料有限公司 | Organic fertilizer prepared from fruit and vegetable waste and production method thereof |
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