CN112424048A - 用于轨道车辆的轮组中间框架 - Google Patents

用于轨道车辆的轮组中间框架 Download PDF

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CN112424048A
CN112424048A CN201980045385.4A CN201980045385A CN112424048A CN 112424048 A CN112424048 A CN 112424048A CN 201980045385 A CN201980045385 A CN 201980045385A CN 112424048 A CN112424048 A CN 112424048A
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rail vehicle
wheelset
intermediate frame
frame
mid
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CN112424048B (zh
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F.埃伯特
M.克罗伊斯
H.J.梅尔克尔
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Siemens Mobility GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F1/00—Underframes
    • B61F1/08—Details
    • B61F1/12—Cross bearers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F1/00—Underframes
    • B61F1/06—Underframes specially adapted for locomotives or motor-driven railcars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F1/00—Underframes
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    • B61F1/14—Attaching or supporting vehicle body-structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F15/00—Axle-boxes
    • B61F15/02—Axle-boxes with journal bearings
    • B61F15/04—Axle-boxes with journal bearings for locomotives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F15/00—Axle-boxes
    • B61F15/02—Axle-boxes with journal bearings
    • B61F15/08—Axle-boxes with journal bearings the axle being slidable or tiltable in the bearings
    • B61F15/10—Axle-boxes with journal bearings the axle being slidable or tiltable in the bearings and having springs opposing such movements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F15/00—Axle-boxes
    • B61F15/12—Axle-boxes with roller, needle, or ball bearings
    • B61F15/16—Axle-boxes with roller, needle, or ball bearings the axle being slidable or tiltable in the bearings
    • B61F15/18—Axle-boxes with roller, needle, or ball bearings the axle being slidable or tiltable in the bearings and having springs opposing such movements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F15/00—Axle-boxes
    • B61F15/20—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F3/00—Types of bogies
    • B61F3/02—Types of bogies with more than one axle
    • B61F3/04—Types of bogies with more than one axle with driven axles or wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F3/00—Types of bogies
    • B61F3/02—Types of bogies with more than one axle
    • B61F3/04—Types of bogies with more than one axle with driven axles or wheels
    • B61F3/06—Types of bogies with more than one axle with driven axles or wheels with three or more axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F3/00—Types of bogies
    • B61F3/16—Types of bogies with a separate axle for each wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B61F5/04—Bolster supports or mountings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/28—Axle-boxes integral with, or directly secured to, vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/38—Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self- adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves, e.g. sliding axles, swinging axles
    • B61F5/40—Bogies with side frames mounted for longitudinal relative movements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/50—Other details
    • B61F5/52—Bogie frames

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Abstract

在此描述一种轨道车辆轮组中间框架(2)。该轨道车辆轮组中间框架(2)具有在预定位置上的用于行走机构部件(5、6、7、8、9)的多个安装接口(4a、4b、4c、4d、4e)。所述轨道车辆轮组中间框架(2)的局部还具有用于固定在轨道车辆(10)的车厢的底架(3)上的至少一个定义的安装接口。此外还描述一种轨道车辆(10)。还描述一种制造轨道车辆轮组中间框架(2)的方法。

Description

用于轨道车辆的轮组中间框架
本发明涉及一种轨道车辆轮组中间框架。此外，本发明还涉及一种轨道车辆。此外，本发明还涉及一种制造轨道车辆轮组中间框架的方法。
如果将不具有转向架框架的轮组直接安装在轨道车辆的车厢上，则连接点所需的公差很小并且连接点的数量很多。例如需要用于纵向联动件、弹簧装置、传动悬挂装置、制动装置和减振器的连接点。
为了将各个单独的行走机构部件安装在车厢上，通常需要在车厢上加工支承点。加工过程需要相应大规模的加工空间。为此需要巨大的技术耗费。
因此，为了实现提到的安装方案需要巨大的耗费。
因此，本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种装置和一种方法，通过该装置和该方法能够实现以减少的耗费将行走机构部件连接到轨道车辆的底架上。
所述技术问题通过根据权利要求1的轨道车辆轮组中间框架、根据权利要求7的轨道车辆和根据权利要求8的用于制造轨道车辆轮组中间框架的方法解决。
按照本发明的轨道车辆轮组中间框架具有在预定位置上的用于行走机构部件的多个安装接口。在此，行走机构可以包括用于将底架或车厢通过车轮相对于钢轨连接或者用于车轮与钢轨的相互作用的所有构件。在中间框架按规定布置的情况下，多个安装接口布置在中间框架的下侧、即中间框架的朝向地面的一侧上。所述多个安装接口可以有利地直接构造在少占空间的中间框架上，从而不需要大尺寸的加工空间。按照本发明的轨道车辆轮组中间框架具有用于固定在轨道车辆的车厢的底架上的至少一个定义的安装接口。所述定义的安装接口布置在中间框架的侧面或上侧、即中间框架的背离地面的一侧上。通过引入中间框架极大地简化了轮组、即行走机构部件的布置，因为仅需要将中间框架相对彼此地而不必将多个单独的接口相对彼此地在车厢的底架上定位。各个行走机构部件相对于底架或车厢的定位可以非常容易地例如通过构造中间框架和车厢的底架之间的共用的接口或者通过中间框架的定向实现。
按照本发明的轨道车辆在其车厢上具有轨道车辆轮组中间框架。按照本发明的轨道车辆具有按照本发明的轨道车辆轮组中间框架的优点。
在按照本发明的用于制造轨道车辆轮组中间框架的方法中，将用于行走机构部件的多个安装接口布置在所述轨道车辆轮组中间框架的预定位置上。此外，在所述轨道车辆轮组中间框架上构造用于固定在轨道车辆的车厢的底架上的至少一个定义的安装接口。按照本发明的用于制造轨道车辆轮组中间框架的方法也具有按照本发明的轨道车辆轮组中间框架的优点。
从属权利要求和以下描述分别包含本发明的特别有利的设计方案和扩展设计。在此，尤其一个权利要求类别的多个权利要求也可以与另一个权利要求类别的从属权利要求及其说明部分相类似地改造。此外，在本发明的范畴内还可以将不同实施例和权利要求的不同技术特征组合成新的实施例。
在按照本发明的轨道车辆轮组中间框架的优选设计方案中，所述多个安装接口具有用于轮组导引装置的安装接口。轮组引导装置用于在轮组和轮组中间框架之间传递纵向力并且在轨道上引导轮组。轮组可以有利地以简单的方式精确地定位，而不需要在轨道车辆的车厢上进行耗费的加工过程。
在按照本发明的轨道车辆轮组中间框架的变型方案中，所述多个安装接口具有用于传动悬挂装置的安装接口。传动悬挂装置可以包括用于牵引车辆的部件的支承元件、例如用于电动机、传动装置等的支承元件。传动悬挂装置可以有利地布置和安装在紧凑且可更容易加工的中间框架上。
在按照本发明的轨道车辆轮组中间框架的一种设计方案中，所述多个安装接口具有用于制动装置的安装接口。制动装置必须精确地相对于车轮定位，以便产生制动效果。制动装置相对于车轮或相对于车轮的悬挂装置的相对定位可以有利地耗费较少地在紧凑的中间框架上进行。
在按照本发明的轨道车辆轮组中间框架的一种特殊变型方案中，所述多个安装接口具有用于减振器的安装接口。这种减振器通常具有与车轴悬挂装置相接触的液压或机械的减振元件。由于轮组中间框架的紧凑的尺寸，可以有利地简化地实现减振元件的悬架在轨道车辆上的精确定位。
在按照本发明的轨道车辆轮组中间框架的一种特殊变型方案中，该轨道车辆轮组中间框架具有前述多个接口的任意组合。
按照本发明的轨道车辆轮组中间框架可以如此确定尺寸，使得轨道车辆轮组中间框架的尺寸显著小于所述车厢。该轨道车辆轮组中间框架可以有利地比尺寸明显更大的车厢更容易加工。尤其地，例如用于行走机构部件的接口的各个的孔比在尺寸较大的车厢中能更容易地精确定位，因为例如用于定位的工具和测量装置的尺寸可以设计得较小。
以下结合附图借助实施例更详细地阐述本发明。在附图中：
图1示出具有按照本发明实施例的一个或多个轮组中间框架的轨道车辆的侧视示意图；
图2示出图1所示的具有按照本发明实施例的一个或多个轮组中间框架的轨道车辆的俯视图；
图3示出流程图，其阐释了用于制造按照本发明实施例的轨道车辆轮组中间框架的方法。
图1示出具有按照本发明实施例的轨道车辆轮组中间框架2的铁路机车10的下部区域的侧视示意图，该轨道车辆轮组中间框架也简称为轮组中间框架或中间框架。铁路机车10具有具备底架3的车厢，底架3用作既用于行走机构又用于上部结构的承载结构。该底架具有所谓的纵梁3a，轮组中间框架2在接口2c处固定在该纵梁上。这种轮组中间框架2具有多个另外的接口4a、4b、4c、4d、4e，不同的行走机构部件5、6、7、8、9安装在这些接口上。弹簧元件5以第一端部5a固定在轮组中间框架2的弹簧装置接口4a上。弹簧元件5的第二端部5b与轴承7a连接。弹簧元件5通过减振器6补充，该减振器例如从侧面观察布置在车轮1的两个弹簧元件5之间。减振器6减轻弹簧元件5的振动行为，以便保持车轮1与钢轨的不间断的接触。减振器6分别通过一个端部安装在轮组中间框架2的减振器接口4b上并且通过第二端部与轴承7a连接。由车轴7和车轮1构成的轮组由所谓的纵向联动件8沿纵向被稳定。纵向联动件8具有例如杆件8a，所述杆件的一个端部8b与车轮1的轴承7a连接并且所述杆件的第二端部8c与纵向联动件支架4c连接。纵向联动件支架4c固定在轮组中间框架2上。此外，盘式制动器或闸瓦制动器9通过制动器接口4d与轮组中间框架2连接。在图1中还示出传动装置接口4e，该传动装置接口也安装在中间框架2上。
在图2中示出图1所示的具有按照本发明实施例的一个或多个轮组中间框架2的铁路机车10的俯视图。轮组中间框架2具有纵梁2a和横梁2b，纵梁和横梁通过接口2c与底架3的纵梁3a连接，以便将轮组中间框架2固定在底架3上。在轮组中间框架2的纵梁2a上布置有用于轴承7a的弹簧元件5的接口4a(参见图1)。此外，在用于弹簧元件5的接口4a之间布置有用于减振器6的接口4b(参见图1)。在轮组中间框架2的纵梁2a和横梁2b之间的过渡区域中布置有用于纵向联动件8的接口4c。在轮组中间框架2的横梁2a上布置有用于盘式制动器或闸瓦制动器9的接口4d。
在图3中示出流程图300，该流程图阐释了用于制造按照本发明实施例的轨道车辆轮组中间框架的可行方法。在步骤3.I中，首先将纵梁2a和横梁2b接合成框架。在步骤3.II中，将用于行走机构部件的多个安装接口4a、4b、4c、4d、4e布置在轨道车辆轮组中间框架2的预定位置上。例如，将用于车轴弹簧元件5的安装接口4a布置在轨道车辆轮组中间框架2的纵梁上。同样地，在轨道车辆轮组中间框架2的纵梁2a上在用于车轴弹簧元件5的安装接口4a之间构造用于减振器6的安装接口4b。此外，将用于固定纵向联动件8的接口4c布置在轨道车辆轮组中间框架2的角点处。此外，在轨道车辆轮组中间框架2的横梁2b上还构造有用于固定制动元件9的接口4d。最后，在轨道车辆轮组框架2上还可以构造用于固定驱动件的接口4e。在步骤3.III中，在轨道车辆轮组中间框架2上构造用于将轮组中间框架2固定在轨道车辆10的底架3上的定义的安装接口2c。最后必要时在步骤3.IV中对之前布置的接口进行加工，以便产生彼此间需要的尺寸。
最后还应明确的是，上述方法和装置仅是本发明的优选实施例，而且本发明可以由本领域技术人员改变，只要不脱离由权利要求给定的本发明保护范围即可。为了完整性还应指出，不定代词“一个”不排除相关的特征可以存在多个。
附图标记列表
1 车轮
2 轮组中间框架
2a 轮组中间框架的纵梁
2b 轮组中间框架的横梁
3 车厢的底架
3a 底架的纵梁
4a 弹簧装置接口
4b 减振器接口
4c 纵向联动件支架
4d 制动器接口
4e 传动装置接口
5 弹簧装置
5a 第一端部
5b 第二端部
6 减振器
7 车轴
7a 轴承
8 纵向联动件
8a 杆件
9 闸瓦制动器
10 铁路机车

Claims (8)

1.一种轨道车辆轮组中间框架(2)，具有：
-在预定位置上的用于行走机构部件(5、6、7、8、9)的多个安装接口(4a、4b、4c、4d、4e)；
-用于固定在轨道车辆(10)的车厢的底架(3)上的至少一个定义的安装接口。
2.根据权利要求1所述的轨道车辆轮组中间框架，其中，所述多个安装接口(4a、4b、4c、4d、4e)具有用于轮组导引装置的安装接口(4a、4b、4c)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的轨道车辆轮组中间框架，其中，所述多个安装接口(4a、4b、4c、4d、4e)具有用于传动悬挂装置的安装接口(4e)。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的轨道车辆轮组中间框架，其中，所述多个安装接口(4a、4b、4c、4d、4e)具有用于制动装置(9)的安装接口(4d)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的轨道车辆轮组中间框架，其中，所述多个安装接口(4a、4b、4c、4d、4e)具有用于减振器(6)的安装接口(4b)。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的轨道车辆轮组中间框架，其中，所述轨道车辆轮组中间框架(2)的尺寸显著小于车厢(3)。
7.一种轨道车辆(10)，具有根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的轨道车辆轮组中间框架(2)。
8.一种制造轨道车辆轮组中间框架(2)的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
-将用于行走机构部件(5、6、7、8、9)的多个安装接口(4a、4b、4c、4d、4e)布置在所述轨道车辆轮组中间框架(2)的预定位置上；
-将至少一个定义的安装接口(2c)布置在所述轨道车辆轮组中间框架上，以便将所述轨道车辆轮组中间框架(2)固定在轨道车辆(10)的车厢的底架(3)上。
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