CN112267691B - Argil brick hollow wall construction method - Google Patents
Argil brick hollow wall construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112267691B CN112267691B CN202011118384.9A CN202011118384A CN112267691B CN 112267691 B CN112267691 B CN 112267691B CN 202011118384 A CN202011118384 A CN 202011118384A CN 112267691 B CN112267691 B CN 112267691B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
- E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
- E04G21/18—Adjusting tools; Templates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
- E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
- E04G21/18—Adjusting tools; Templates
- E04G21/1841—Means for positioning building parts or elements
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- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
A construction method of a hollow wall of pottery clay bricks belongs to the technical field of the construction of the hollow wall of pottery clay bricks. It comprises the following steps: 1. preparing construction operation; 2. wetting the pottery clay brick; 3. preparing mortar; 4. building a wall body; 5. and (5) cleaning and maintaining the wall surface. In the construction of the invention, on the basis of horizontal stay wire control, a longitudinal masonry control datum line is added, so that the vertical and horizontal positions of the masonry and the hollow flower are accurate; the BIM brick arranging technology is utilized before the building construction, so that a foundation is provided for fine operation; in the construction of the invention, according to the size of the row bricks, a hollow pattern mould is manufactured, the transverse hollow pattern skin counting rod assists in construction, each link of building, rechecking, checking and the like is convenient for measuring the shape of the hollow pattern, and the accurate size is ensured; in the construction process, the first-used hollow pattern die is made of the steel plate, the hollow pattern die is improved to be made of the plywood and the wooden block in a unified mode, the efficiency and the construction quality are improved, the hollow pattern die and the fixing tool are easy and quick to manufacture, the cost is low, the hollow pattern die and the fixing tool are repeatedly used, and certain economic benefits are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of argil brick hollow wall construction, and particularly relates to a construction method of an argil brick hollow wall.
Background
With the rapid development of national economy and the increasing improvement of the living standard of people, people have more and more demands on decoration, especially antique decoration in the traditional style.
Pottery clay materials are widely used for wall decoration (split bricks and the like) and ground paving (permeable bricks, grass planting bricks and the like) through modernization process. The pottery clay brick is fired by a roller kiln and a tunnel kiln at a high temperature of 800 ℃, and after being reformed by process technology, compared with the traditional red brick and the green brick, the pottery clay brick has rich color, fine texture, various types and uniform size, keeps the original traditional charm in appearance and appearance, and is further suitable for modern standardization and scale.
After clay sintered bricks are 'forbidden' due to environmental protection requirements, clay bricks are more and more widely applied to gardens, municipal afforestation, building exterior decoration and interior partitions, wherein the clay bricks are most commonly used for hollow wall, hollow window and hollow curtain wall which are one of the classic buildings. The hollow wall or the hollow window is famous for being laid into a regular hollow, has high requirements on the size, the quality and the experience of a masonry, is very easy to produce the conditions of different specifications and different forms in the operation and construction of the complex hollow (the shape of the hollow and laid wall part), and has great challenge on the large-scale construction.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a construction method of argil brick hollow walls, which is suitable for enclosing walls, railing panels and outdoor partitions in landscaping and antique buildings, argil brick curtain walls, building outer wall outer railing panels, indoor decoration partition walls and the like, and is suitable for argil brick hollow walls which have high requirements on appearance quality such as brick arrangement, size and shape and are built in a refined mode.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a construction method of a hollow wall of a pottery clay brick is characterized by comprising the following construction steps:
step 1, construction operation preparation: the method comprises the steps of template first, construction of an indoor partition wall or an outer wall curtain wall, base layer treatment, brick selection, BIM brick arrangement and non-whole brick processing;
step 2, ceramic brick wetting: before building, the pottery clay bricks are watered in advance and dipped into the brick surfaces for moistening;
step 3, preparing mortar;
step 4, building a wall body: the method comprises the steps of hollow-pattern curtain wall building, indoor hollow-pattern wall building and outdoor hollow-pattern wall building;
and 5, cleaning and maintaining the wall surface.
The construction method of the argil brick hollow wall is characterized in that in the step 1, the construction of the indoor partition wall or the outer wall curtain wall is carried out after the decoration of the ground and the back wall of the curtain wall and the finishing of a window, and an operation frame and a material placing platform are erected under the condition of protecting finished products when the construction of the indoor wall body is carried out; before BIM row brick construction, a row brick picture, a plane numbering picture and a brick body specification list are compiled according to the specification, color and variety of designed pottery clay bricks, and site construction is guided according to the pictures; when the construction wall body is an independent hollow pattern wall body, a first generation of fixed hollow pattern die is manufactured according to the hollow pattern size of brick arrangement so as to ensure that the size of each hollow pattern is consistent, and the wire drawing of each brick is avoided.
The argil brick hollow tracery wall construction method is characterized in that the positions of reserved holes and embedded parts are required to be marked when BIM bricks are arranged, the positions are required to be marked when tie bars and tie pieces are arranged, statistics is carried out, the height interval of the tie pieces is less than 400mm, and the length direction is less than 1200 mm; the BIM row bricks are staggered and lapped up and down, and the lapping length is not less than 25 mm; the improved hollow pattern die comprises a fixed die and a laying hollow pattern die.
The argil brick hollow wall construction method is characterized in that in the step 4, the hollow curtain wall building and indoor hollow wall building construction comprises the following steps:
4.1.1, making a uniform leather number rod according to the size of the brick arrangement drawing, and dividing a leather number line on frame columns at two ends of the bay according to a uniform level line;
4.1.2, utilizing the upper and lower structures of the indoor wall or the curtain wall outside the window to pull side lines at every other hollow pattern position, when the hollow patterns are staggered up and down, controlling the hollow pattern positions of each layer by color separation pull lines or setting reference lines, wherein the distance between the reference lines is less than 0.9 m;
4.1.3, when the hollow flower curtain wall is provided with a back wall, lines are directly bounced on the back wall, each hollow flower is provided with at least one side line and one horizontal line, the bounced lines cannot be exposed, the vertical lines move inwards in a unified mode according to the side lines, and the horizontal lines are along the bounced lines of the hollow flowers and the bricks;
4.1.4, building: the building is carried out by adopting a three-in-one building method of one ash shoveling, one brick and one extruding and rubbing.
The argil brick hollow tracery wall construction method is characterized in that in the step 4.1.1, the number of the peels and the number of the rows are calculated according to the size of a brick and the thickness of a mortar joint; in the steps 4.1.2 and 4.1.3, the stay wire and the elastic wire have to check that the datum line is vertical, and the back wall is marked according to the position of the back iron sheet of the brick arrangement drawing.
The construction method for the hollow wall of the argil brick is characterized in that in the step 4.1.4, the surface of the built argil brick is laid flat, the line is followed when the argil brick is built, the left side and the right side of the argil brick are adjacent and are flat, the seam is straightened, corners are straightened, and meanwhile, a plurality of hollow flowers are built, and the hollow flowers on one side are guaranteed to be complete.
The argil brick hollow wall construction method is characterized in that during the outdoor hollow wall body building construction in the step 4, the outdoor wall body is built after the hollow wall foundation is finished, the building is not less than 600mm above the hollow wall foundation, the building is not less than 300mm above a ground beam, and the construction method specifically comprises the following construction steps:
4.2.1, placing the pole with the number of the skin on the brick column part, arranging a core column on the brick column, and binding the pole with the steel bar with the number of the skin;
4.2.2, manufacturing a transverse empty flower skin number rod according to the horizontal position size of an empty flower of the brick arrangement diagram by utilizing the principle of fixed space or equal distance of the horizontal empty flower, marking the brick inlet and outlet positions of each brick in the empty flower by color by taking the first empty flower position as a reference, and positioning the empty flower position;
4.2.3, paving the outdoor wall body by adopting cement mortar, positioning a hollow pattern die at the first hollow pattern position of the brick column after the construction, adjusting the level of the hollow pattern die by a leather number horizontal line, ensuring that the side line or the middle elastic line of the die is a gray suture line, and rechecking the clear distance between two columns;
4.2.4, a leather hollow flower is built along the side line of the hollow flower mould, namely the spring line, from the brick column to the positioning hollow flower mould, so that one side of the hollow flower is formed, the other side of the hollow flower is built towards the middle of the wall, the first complete hollow flower is formed, and the masonry between the hollow flowers on the hollow flower wall body forms a left side and a right side of the hollow flower, wherein one leather hollow flower occupies the height of each complete hollow flower.
The clay brick hollow wall construction method is characterized in that in the step 4.2.4, the hollow positions are positioned at intervals, the hollow template size is directly fixed from a reference, and a transverse leather number rod is used for longitudinal positioning.
The argil brick hollow wall construction method is characterized in that in the step 4, an outdoor hollow wall body is built from brick columns, when the corresponding wall body cannot be simultaneously constructed, oblique branches are reserved from the brick columns to the other direction at temporary time breaks, the heights of the oblique branches are smaller than three skin hollows, the horizontal projection lengths of the oblique branches are not smaller than 2/3 of the heights, the oblique branches extend into the hollow wall from the columns and do not exceed the position of one skin hollow, the hollows are in a step shape, and the branches are straight and straight.
The construction method for the hollow wall of the pottery clay brick is characterized in that in the step 5, the construction height is controlled to be less than 1.2m every day in the construction process, the construction cannot be carried out in an open environment in rainy days, rain exists within 6 hours after the construction, the hollow wall is covered by color stripe cloth for preventing rain, polluted brick surfaces and the outer surface of the hollow wall need to be cleaned in time, and dirty color is prevented from being absorbed into pottery clay pores.
By adopting the technology, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) in the construction, aiming at the characteristics of clear water building and various sizes of hollow flowers of the hollow flower wall, on the basis of horizontal stay wire control, longitudinal building control datum lines are added by utilizing each construction environment, and the vertical and horizontal positions of the building body and the hollow flower appearance are accurate;
2) in the construction of the invention, the BIM brick arrangement technology is utilized before the masonry construction, all sizes and the drawknot positions of wall body mortar joints, head joints, hollow pattern in and out, non-standard brick cutting and the like are optimized, refined and standardized on the basis of actually measuring the size of the hollow wall construction space, and the bottom-crossing operation is carried out according to the brick arrangement scheme, so that a foundation is provided for the refinement operation;
2) in the construction, according to the size of the row bricks, the hollow pattern mould is manufactured, the transverse hollow pattern leather counting rod assists construction, each link such as building, rechecking and checking is convenient for measuring the hollow pattern shape, the size is ensured to be accurate, each link such as building, rechecking and checking is convenient for measuring the hollow pattern shape, and the size is ensured to be accurate;
2) in the construction of the invention, the first used hollow pattern die is made of steel plates, the inner and outer mortar joint elastic lines are used as the basis for positioning and building, the hollow pattern die is improved to be made of plywood and wood shelves uniformly, and the hollow pattern die can be moved and used for multiple times, has consistent size and standard construction, reduces repeated measurement and rechecking, improves the efficiency and the construction quality, is simple and quick in manufacture of the hollow pattern die and a fixing tool, has low cost and can be repeatedly used, and has certain economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the fixed hollow matrix of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the hollow flower mold of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a fence structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents and alternatives which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
Referring to fig. 1-4, a construction method of a hollow wall made of pottery clay bricks comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparation of construction operation: the method comprises the steps of template first, construction of an indoor partition wall or an outer wall curtain wall, base layer treatment, brick selection, BIM brick arrangement, manufacturing of a hollow pattern mold and non-whole brick processing.
1.1, determining the process standard and acceptance requirements in construction by a template in advance.
1.2, constructing an indoor partition wall or an outer wall curtain wall: the building method is to build the building after finishing the decoration of the ground and the back wall of the curtain wall and the window, the finishing conditions of the water pipe and facilities of the wall are required to be checked during construction, and the operating frame and the material placing platform are erected on the indoor wall body under the condition of paying attention to the protection of finished products.
1.3, base layer treatment: the strength, levelness and flatness of the base layer meet the requirements: no crack, loose, honeycomb and obvious protrusion, no dust, oil stain and other pollutant on the surface, and water spraying to moisten.
1.4, selecting bricks:
1.4.1, selecting bricks in factory: removing bricks with insufficient strength, large size deviation, bending, cracks, edges and corners lacking and color difference, binding each pottery clay brick firmly by a packaging tape, stabilizing a wooden tray, and wrapping by a plastic film to prevent pollution; the pottery clay bricks are protected by soft materials to avoid direct collision in the transportation process, so that edges and corners of the bricks are damaged, and the perforated bricks used for enclosing walls, partition walls and bottom curtain walls have consistent appearances and hole patterns.
1.4.2, selecting bricks in the field: the pottery clay bricks transported to a construction site are selected again, brick materials which are missed to be checked, have large size deviation and fall off corners due to missing edges when in collision are removed, the brick materials enter the site to be stacked according to a construction plane layout, the edges and corners of the bricks are protected from being damaged when in loading and unloading, and cotton felts are added in the middle of each layer of bricks during stacking, so that the collision between the bricks during stacking is reduced, and the damages to the bricks and the edges and corners of the bricks are reduced.
1.5, BIM row bricks and manufacturing a hollow pattern die:
1.5.1, in order to make the space flower rationally arranged, the masonry effect is displayed in a three-dimensional way, the construction progress is accelerated, a brick arrangement drawing, a plane numbering drawing and a brick body specification sheet are compiled according to the specification, the color and the variety of the designed pottery clay brick before construction, the site construction is guided according to the drawing, the secondary transportation is reduced, the material management and control optimization is realized, and the project factory centralized processing is realized. Before brick arrangement, the site size, elevation and other procedures are checked again to reserve holes, facilities and the like.
1.5.2, the positions of the reserved holes and the embedded parts are marked by the brick row, the positions of the tie bars and the tie parts are marked, and statistics is detailed. The height interval of the hollow flower curtain wall tie pieces is less than 400mm, and the length direction of the hollow flower curtain wall tie pieces is less than 1200 mm. The hollow flower curtain wall of the outer wall is preferably arranged by Revit curtain walls, the mortar joints are stiff, and the pottery clay bricks are embedded plates.
1.5.3, BIM row brick should be upper and lower staggered joint to set up, set up 1/2 that the general brick of length is long, must not be less than 25mm, if because of empty flower and fancy brick set up the reason, overlap joint length can not satisfy the pressure of regulation and take the requirement, should encrypt and set up tie bar or wall connection piece and note in the row's brick picture, the independent overall height of empty tracery wall must not be greater than 3m, otherwise should establish three skin real masonry and pre-buried phi 4 reinforcing bar net pieces, the independent length control of empty tracery wall is in 6m, otherwise should establish the brick post or with the column connection.
1.5.4, aiming at independent (such as partition walls and enclosing walls) complex hollow pattern wall bodies, a first generation of fixed hollow pattern mould tool is manufactured according to the hollow pattern size of the row bricks, the size of each hollow pattern is ensured to be consistent, the stay wire of each brick is avoided, and the working efficiency is improved.
1.5.5, the later stage is difficult for fixing according to the fixed cavity flower mould of first generation, demolishs difficult shortcoming with high costs, and the new cavity flower mould of preparation improvement, mounting and mould part, mould for the three-ply board preparation can adapt to multiple cavity flower shape (than cavity flower one little grey seam all around), form the fixed mould and shelve two instruments of cavity flower mould, make things convenient for a plurality of various cavity flower constructions.
1.6, adding non-whole bricks: and (3) calculating the size and the number of non-whole bricks according to the BIM row bricks, modifying the aerated concrete block cutting saw platform into a clay brick cutting saw platform, and operating by using a saw blade suitable for clay bricks.
The modified saw bench can cut non-integral bricks with various lengths according to actual requirements, all the processed non-integral bricks are accurate in size, the cut edges are straight, and the cuts are square.
Step 2, ceramic brick wetting: before building, the pottery clay bricks should be watered and moistened 1-2 days in advance, the pottery clay bricks are soaked into 10-15mm of brick surfaces or have 10% -15% of water content, instant watering and brick spraying are not adopted, and dry brick building is not required; after the indoor masonry bricks are wet, felts or plastic paper films are covered for moisture preservation, and finished products are protected, and the indoor clay bricks are laid and moved along.
Step 3, mortar preparation:
3.1, dry powder mortar is adopted as masonry mortar, when the mortar joint of the pottery clay brick is used, the thickness of the mortar joint is 5mm, water is added for blending when the mortar joint is used, mechanical stirring is adopted, and the stirring time is not less than 2 min.
3.2, outdoor independent enclosing walls, breast boards and the building blocks with the appearance requirement of more than 8mm for the thickness of mortar joints, cement mortar or factory prefabricated building dry powder is selected, when the building blocks are stirred on site, the consistency is preferably 5-7CM, the mortar is used at any time within 3-4h, the building blocks are used within 2-3h in summer, and test blocks are reserved according to the specification.
Step 4, building the wall, which comprises the following concrete construction steps:
4.1, hollow flower curtain wall building and indoor hollow flower wall building:
4.1.1, setting a uniform leather number rod according to the size of a brick arrangement drawing, dividing leather number lines on frame columns at two ends of a bay according to a uniform level line, and calculating the leather number and the row number according to the size of a brick and the thickness of a mortar joint; under the general condition, the wall length is more than 4m according to 5mm mortar joint meter, and the elevation should be adjusted well in middle constructional column (stem) department to the brickwork joint uses the clay, binds the skin number pole with the reinforcing bar, when the back wall is greater than 4m, avoids the position of empty flower and directly draws the skin number on the back wall, and the interval is less than 3 m.
4.1.2, utilizing the upper and lower structures of the indoor wall or the curtain wall outside the window, marking side lines at every other hollow pattern position, when the hollow patterns are staggered up and down, controlling the hollow pattern positions of each layer by color separation drawing lines or setting reference lines, wherein the distance between the reference lines is less than 0.9 m.
4.1.3, when the hollow flower curtain wall is provided with a back wall, lines are directly bounced on the back wall, each hollow flower is provided with at least one side line and one horizontal line, the bounced lines cannot be exposed, the vertical lines are uniformly moved inwards by 2mm according to the side lines, and the horizontal lines are along the hollow flower lower skin bricks; wherein, the guy wire or the bullet wire must be checked to be vertical to the reference line, and the back wall should be marked according to the position of the back iron sheet of the brick arrangement drawing.
4.1.4, building: building by adopting a three-in-one building method of shoveling ash, one brick and one extruding and kneading, wherein the ash laying length of the brick surface is not more than that of one building body, the hollow surface cannot be stained, the ash laying lengths of the two side surfaces and the hollow adjacent edge are retracted by 5mm, the mortar is guaranteed not to extrude out of the wall surface after being built, and the mortar adjacent edge and the thickness are preferably controlled by using a mortar spreader; laying the pottery clay brick surface, following the line when laying, and keeping the left and right adjacent to each other to be flat, so as to straighten the seam, and laying a plurality of empty flowers to ensure the integrity of the empty flowers on one side;
when the mortar is used for building, the mortar joint thickness is controlled according to 5mm, the L-shaped wall connecting sheet is adopted and reliably connected with the frame within 500mm, the connecting sheet and the concrete frame are fixed by the shooting nail, the other side of the L-shaped connecting sheet is punched, the L-shaped wall connecting sheet is favorably and better combined with the mortar, and the mortar is embedded into the surface of the brick. The curtain wall is provided with a back wall, back pull connecting pieces are horizontally arranged at intervals of 1.2m, and the connecting pieces are constructed according to a brick arrangement diagram; the length, width and thickness of the tie connection piece are 200 x 40 x 1, and the back tie connection piece is 100 x 30 x 1. The curtain wall without back wall or adjacent window is added with vertical section bars, the section bars are not less than 50 x 50mm, the space is not more than 1.2m, and the section bars are tied by connecting pieces.
The curtain wall and the inner partition wall are not suitable for leaving straight branches, and construction joints are required to be left at horizontal positions. However, the whole wall surface with the continuous length of the curtain wall being larger than 15 meters can be well spliced by making an encryption back connection splicing, and the oblique racking is left at the position where the empty racking is penetrated as far as possible.
4.2, outdoor cavity wall body is built by laying bricks or stones, and outdoor wall body should be built by laying bricks or stones after the cavity wall basis is accomplished, and the real building more than the cavity wall basis is no less than 600mm, and the real building more than the grade beam is no less than 300mm, includes following specific step:
4.2.1, placing the pole with the number of the skin on the brick column part, arranging a core column on the brick column, and binding the pole with the steel bar with the number of the skin; the height difference of the left wall body and the right wall body of the brick column is controlled within 300mm, the brick columns are made of integral clay bricks, the building is from a low place, the distance between the brick columns is required to be increased when the height difference is particularly large, and brick discharge drawings are respectively arranged.
4.2.2, utilize horizontal space fixed spacing or equidistance principle, according to the space horizontal position size of row's brick picture, make horizontal space number pole of flower skin to first space position is the benchmark, and the colour separation mark is used for the position location of space flower as the business turn over brick position of every skin brickwork in the space flower.
4.2.3, adopt cement mortar to lay and accomplish outdoor wall body, after accomplishing, in the first cavity flower position location cavity flower mould of brick post, the skin number draws horizontal line and adjusts cavity flower mould level, ensures that mould sideline or middle bullet line are grey suture, and recheck two post clear distances, and a cavity flower mould is fixed to brick post interval less than 8m, otherwise the post limit respectively establishes one, as the location standard of middle cavity flower, wherein, a skin cavity flower is the height that every complete cavity flower occupies, so the cavity flower position can be fixed at intervals, simple cavity flower such as rectangle, can directly fix the cavity flower mould chi volume from the benchmark and fix a position, also can use horizontal skin number pole vertical orientation.
4.2.4, a leather hollow flower is built along the side line of the hollow flower mould, namely the spring line, from the brick column to the positioning hollow flower mould, so that one side of the hollow flower is formed, and the other side of the hollow flower is built towards the middle of the wall, so that the first complete hollow flower is formed, and the building body between the hollow flowers on the hollow flower wall body forms a left hollow flower side face and a right hollow flower side face.
During construction, the clay bricks must follow the lines (including the marked lines and side lines of the hollow pattern molds); the brick material must be laid flat, and mortar cannot be thick at half side and thin at half side, so that the brick surface is inclined; during the building, the side surfaces of the bricks are selected, and the regular and beautiful surfaces are built outside.
The wall body is built from the brick post, and corresponding wall body is if can not be under construction simultaneously, and the oblique racking is kept somewhere to another direction from the post to interim intermittent type department, and the height should be less than three skin hollows. Level projection length of oblique racking should not be less than 2/3 of height, if oblique racking extends into in the empty wall from the post and must not exceed a skin empty flower position, empty flower part must become the echelonment, racking must straight, lead to in the same direction as.
When the complex hollow wall is constructed, the transverse hollow pattern leather counting rod is used, the movable hollow pattern die is placed in a matched mode to position the horizontal position of each hollow pattern in the middle, the hollow pattern die is placed, after the horizontal stay wire is adjusted to be vertical, the movable hollow pattern die can be temporarily fixed through a sand bag or a building block, the placed hollow pattern die is temporarily fixed, the movement is convenient, and the shape can be fixed for each hollow pattern. The empty flower mold is arranged at each empty flower position, so that the ash laying length can be controlled besides size control is facilitated, and the empty flower surface is prevented from being dip-dyed.
Step 5, wall surface cleaning and maintenance: in the building process, the building height is controlled to be less than 1.2m every day, the construction can not be carried out in an open environment in rainy days, and the rain is generated within 6 hours after the building is finished, and the color strip cloth is required to cover the rain; the polluted brick surface and the outer surface of the hollow flower must be cleaned in time to prevent the dirty color from being absorbed into the pores of the pottery clay. If brick surface pollution is confirmed, the brick surface is repaired by matching with the same-color mineral pigment; after finishing, the protection of finished products is enhanced, and ground floor mortar, broken bricks, packaging paper bags and the like are cleaned; and (4) watering and maintaining the brick wall with clean water (the brick wall cannot be watered at the temperature below 5 ℃), and keeping the wall surface clean.
In the construction method, the longitudinal size of the ceramic brick hollow flower curtain wall is controlled by an upper pull wire and a lower pull wire when a window edge is built, and a hollow flower reference line is popped from a back solid wall of the hollow flower curtain wall with a back wall; the hollow building of independent enclosing walls, breast boards, partitions and the like utilizes a positioned hollow mold tool to control the longitudinal position and the whole size of a hollow.
In the construction method, the hollow pattern die is used for marking the size of the hollow pattern, is fixed on the hollow pattern position as a reference, and is matched with the longitudinal hollow pattern leather counting rod or ruler quantity to position other hollow pattern positions; the first generation is made of two steel plates, pops out a mortar joint line and clamps the mortar joint line on a wall; the improved three-ply board for the hollow pattern mould is characterized in that a mortar joint is reduced around the hollow pattern part according to a brick arrangement diagram, and the improved three-ply board is arranged in the middle of a wall body during construction; the hollow pattern mold fixing mold is detachably clamped on a wall body by using a tool, the laying molds are connected by using L-shaped wooden shelves, and the sand bag is temporarily fixed and laid in the wall body; the empty flower skin number is a longitudinal skin number rod which is manufactured according to the basic fixed relative size of each empty flower and is mainly used for determining the position of the complex empty flower.
In the construction method, a fixed hollow pattern mold is placed at a first skin hollow pattern position, is fixed with a lower masonry body and is adjusted horizontally to form a reference mold; positioning and building other hollow flower positions by using a movable laying hollow flower mold and a reference mold, and finishing a leather hollow flower by building; turning upwards to the next empty flower to finish the building of each empty flower in sequence; the one-time hollow pattern die is fixed, one-time hollow pattern can be continuously finished, the times of repeatedly positioning and measuring each piece of masonry are reduced, the hollow pattern position is accurate, and the hollow pattern shape is unified and regular
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A construction method of a hollow wall of a pottery clay brick is characterized by comprising the following construction steps:
step 1, preparation of construction operation: the method comprises the steps of template first, construction of an indoor partition wall or an outer wall curtain wall, base layer treatment, brick selection, BIM brick arrangement and non-whole brick processing;
constructing an indoor partition wall or an outer wall curtain wall, namely building the indoor partition wall or the outer wall curtain wall after finishing decoration of the ground and a back wall of the curtain wall and finishing a window, and building an operation frame and a material placing platform under the condition of protecting finished products when constructing the indoor wall; before BIM row brick construction, a row brick picture, a plane numbering picture and a brick body specification list are compiled according to the specification, color and variety of designed pottery clay bricks, and site construction is guided according to the pictures; when the construction wall body is an independent hollow pattern wall body, a fixed hollow pattern die is manufactured according to the hollow pattern size of the row bricks to ensure that the size of each hollow pattern is consistent, the phenomenon that each brick pulls a line is avoided, and an improved hollow pattern die is manufactured, wherein the improved hollow pattern die comprises a fixed die and a laying hollow pattern die, the fixed die is clamped and installed on the wall body through a tool, and the laying hollow pattern die is connected through an L-shaped wooden rail;
step 2, ceramic brick wetting: before building, the pottery clay bricks are watered in advance and dipped into the brick surfaces for moistening;
step 3, preparing mortar;
step 4, building a wall body: the method comprises the steps of hollow-pattern curtain wall building, indoor hollow-pattern wall building and outdoor hollow-pattern wall building;
when the outdoor hollow wall body is built by laying bricks or stones and is constructed, the outdoor wall body should be built by laying bricks or stones after the hollow wall foundation is completed, 600mm is no less than built by actually laying bricks or stones above the hollow wall foundation, 300mm is no less than built by actually laying bricks or stones above the ground beam, and the construction method specifically comprises the following construction steps:
4.2.1, placing the pole with the number of the skin on the brick column part, arranging a core column on the brick column, and binding the pole with the steel bar with the number of the skin;
4.2.2, manufacturing a transverse empty flower skin number rod according to the horizontal position size of an empty flower of the brick arrangement diagram by utilizing the principle of fixed space or equal distance of the horizontal empty flower, marking the brick inlet and outlet positions of each brick in the empty flower by color by taking the first empty flower position as a reference, and positioning the empty flower position;
4.2.3, paving the outdoor wall body by adopting cement mortar, positioning a hollow pattern die at the first hollow pattern position of the brick column after the construction, adjusting the level of the hollow pattern die by a leather number horizontal line, ensuring that the side line or the middle elastic line of the die is a gray suture line, and rechecking the clear distance between two columns;
4.2.4, building a leather hollow flower along the side line of the hollow flower mold, namely an elastic line, from the brick column to the positioned hollow flower mold to form one side of the hollow flower, building the other side of the hollow flower towards the middle of the wall to form a first complete hollow flower, and forming two side surfaces of the left hollow flower and the right hollow flower of the masonry between the hollow flowers on the hollow flower wall, wherein one leather hollow flower is the height occupied by each complete hollow flower;
when a group of wall bodies with different hollow flowers are constructed, a transverse hollow flower skin counting rod is used, the horizontal position of each hollow flower in the middle is positioned by matching with a hollow flower laying die, and after the vertical direction of a horizontal pull line is adjusted, the hollow flowers are temporarily fixed by sand bags or building blocks;
and 5, cleaning and maintaining the wall surface.
2. The clay brick hollow wall construction method according to claim 1, wherein the positions of the reserved holes and the embedded parts should be noted when BIM bricks are arranged, the positions should be noted when tie bars and tie pieces are arranged, and the statistics is detailed, wherein the height interval of the tie pieces is less than 400mm, and the length direction is less than 1200 mm; the BIM row bricks are constructed in a staggered manner from top to bottom, and the construction length is not less than 25 mm.
3. The clay brick hollow wall construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the hollow curtain wall building and indoor hollow wall building construction comprises the following steps:
4.1.1, making a uniform leather number rod according to the size of the brick arrangement drawing, and dividing a leather number line on frame columns at two ends of the bay according to a uniform level line;
4.1.2, utilizing the upper and lower structures of the indoor wall or the curtain wall outside the window to pull side lines at every other hollow pattern position, when the hollow patterns are staggered up and down, controlling the hollow pattern positions of each layer by color separation pull lines or setting reference lines, wherein the distance between the reference lines is less than 0.9 m;
4.1.3, when the hollow flower curtain wall is provided with a back wall, lines are directly bounced on the back wall, each hollow flower is provided with at least one side line and one horizontal line, the bounced lines cannot be exposed, the vertical lines move inwards in a unified mode according to the side lines, and the horizontal lines are along the bounced lines of the hollow flowers and the bricks;
4.1.4, building: the building is carried out by adopting a three-in-one building method of one ash shoveling, one brick and one extruding and rubbing.
4. A clay brick hollow wall construction method according to claim 3, wherein in the step 4.1.1, the number of skins and the number of rows are calculated according to the brick size and the mortar joint thickness; in the steps 4.1.2 and 4.1.3, the stay wire and the elastic wire have to check that the datum line is vertical, and the back wall is marked according to the position of the back iron sheet of the brick arrangement drawing.
5. The clay brick hollow wall construction method according to claim 4, wherein in step 4.1.4, the masonry clay brick surface is laid flat, the line is followed when the clay bricks are laid, the left side and the right side are adjacent and flat, the straight edge and the corner of the seam are right, and a plurality of skin hollow flowers are built at the same time, so that the hollow flowers on one side are complete.
6. A clay brick cavity wall construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4.2.4, the cavity positions are located by one of interval positioning, fixed cavity template size positioning directly from a reference, and longitudinal positioning using a transverse crown bar.
7. The clay brick cavity wall construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the outdoor cavity wall is built from brick columns, when the corresponding wall cannot be constructed simultaneously, branches are left from the brick columns to the other direction at temporary time breaks, the height of the branches is less than three-skin cavities, the horizontal projection length of the branches is not less than 2/3, the branches extend into the cavity wall from the columns and do not exceed one skin cavity position, the cavities are stepped, and the branches are straight and straight.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, the building height is controlled to be less than 1.2m each day during the building process, the building cannot be performed in an open environment on rainy days, rain can occur within 6 hours after the building, the building must be covered with color stripe cloth to prevent rain, and the polluted brick surface and the outer surface of the hollow flower must be cleaned in time to prevent the pollution from being absorbed into the pores of the pottery clay.
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Inventor after: Qiu Tao Inventor after: Ye Jun Inventor after: Wu Pengcheng Inventor after: Shen Dingming Inventor before: Qiu Tao Inventor before: Ye Jun Inventor before: Wu Pengcheng Inventor before: Shen Dingming |