CN112262703A - Planting and shaping trimming method for holboellia latifolia parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame - Google Patents
Planting and shaping trimming method for holboellia latifolia parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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Abstract
The invention discloses a field planting and shaping trimming method of a holboellia latifolia parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame, which comprises the steps of garden building, field planting, tree body culture and shaping, axillary bud wiping, flower bud differentiation promotion, second-year spring and summer trimming, second-year fruit picking trimming, second-year new branch tip remaining treatment, second-year axillary bud wiping, flower bud differentiation promotion, third-year spring and summer trimming, third-year new branch tip remaining treatment, third-year fruit picking trimming, third-year new tip treatment, third-year axillary bud wiping, flower bud differentiation promotion, fourth-year spring and summer trimming and the like. The invention is based on fully utilizing the shed frame surface to bear fruits and greatly improving the fruit yield and quality, is convenient to replace new bearing branches every year, prevents the tree bodies from aging quickly, ensures that no unproductive old branches are left on the shed frame, has neat and consistent frame surfaces, has no disordered branch tips, is convenient for pest control and flower and fruit management, and has the advantages of high yield, large fruits, high soluble solid matters, beautiful fruit appearance, early mature period and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree production, in particular to a field planting and shaping trimming method for a holboellia latifolia parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame.
Background
The Holboellia latifolia Wall is a third-generation novel fruit tree which is popular in recent years, and is a evergreen woody vine, palm-shaped compound leaves have 3 small leaves, flowers are general inflorescences, and fruits are irregular long round or oval; most seeds, inverted egg shape, brown seed coat. The flowering period is 4-5 months, and the fruit period is 7-9 months. In China, the method is mainly distributed in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Jiangxi and southeast Tibet. The holboellia latifolia is evergreen in four seasons and is an excellent climbing greening tree species; the potted plant can be used as hanging decoration or piling material, the leaf can be viewed, the flower can be viewed, the fragrance is lasting, the pot is a good honey source plant, and the seeds can be used for extracting oil and eating. The fruit can be used for brewing wine, making fruit pulp and making beverage besides fresh food.
The August melon grows vigorously, branch tips are easy to intertwine together, bearing branches of the August melon are mainly mature branch tips grown for one year, and the branch tips grown for more than one year generally cannot bear fruits. Therefore, if the branch tips of the holboellia latifolia are not managed, the fruit yield and quality are seriously affected, and therefore, a method for reasonably processing the branch tips of the holboellia latifolia to improve the fruit yield and quality is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a field planting and shaping trimming method of a parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame of holboellia latifolia, which is convenient to replace new bearing branches every year on the basis of fully utilizing the fruiting of the shed frame surface and greatly improving the fruit yield and quality, prevents the tree bodies from being quickly aged, prevents old branches which do not bear fruits from remaining on the shed frame, has neat and consistent frame surfaces, has no disordered branch tips, and is convenient for pest control and flower and fruit management.
According to the purpose of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a field planting and shaping trimming method for a holboellia latifolia parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame comprises the following steps:
step 1: building garden
Selecting flat ground or hilly ground with underground water level below 0.8m, deep soil layer and convenient irrigation and drainage, firstly planting upright posts, then building a shed at the top ends of the upright posts, transversely pulling a transverse line on each row of the upright posts, longitudinally pulling a middle longitudinal line at the top ends of each row of the upright posts, and then respectively pulling longitudinal lines on the transverse lines between two rows of the upright posts;
step 2: planting
Planting for 3 months, digging planting furrows with the width and the depth of 50cm at each column, filling rotten stable manure for 30cm in the planting furrows, returning surface soil for 20cm, and fully and uniformly mixing the stable manure with the surface soil; planting and selecting annual bag seedlings, wherein the spacing between plants is 2m, and each 667m2Planting 111 plants; after planting, thoroughly watering root fixing water;
and step 3: tree body cultivation and shaping
After field planting, reserving two branches below the middle longitudinal line of each plant, leading and binding in time, fixing the branches after the branches grow to the middle longitudinal line, pulling the branches to two opposite directions along the middle longitudinal line to form a straight line, and capping when the branches grow to 1m respectively;
after capping, the axillary buds start to germinate, the position of a trunk fixed on the middle longitudinal line is taken as a midpoint, a branch tip is reserved at the midpoint, then, branch tips are reserved every 22cm on the branches of the middle longitudinal line, 4 branch tips are reserved on each trunk of each strain on the middle longitudinal line, and 8 branch tips are reserved on two branches of each strain on the middle longitudinal line;
and 4, step 4: applying axillary buds to promote flower bud differentiation
After 8 branch tips are capped, axillary buds close to the top end germinate, the germinated axillary buds are timely erased, tree nutrition is intensively supplied to the 8 branch tips, and a large amount of nutrient substances are accumulated in the 8 branch tips;
and 5: pruning in spring and summer in the next year
In spring and summer of the next year, all axillary buds germinated from the 8 branch tips are removed, only buds germinated from main branches on a middle longitudinal line are selected and remained, a germinated bud is selected and remained between every two of the 8 branch tips and serves as a bearing branch of the next year, and after the branches germinate and grow, the branches are immediately pulled straight and led to prevent mutual winding;
step 6: pruning after fruit picking in the second year
After picking fruits, cutting off the bearing branches of the current year by 3cm from the base part so that the newly selected 8 branch tips can thrive;
and 7: processing of newly-retained branch tips in the next year
The new branch retaining tips are perpendicular to the middle longitudinal line in one direction, are pulled to the longitudinal line between the two columns of stand columns and are perpendicular to the longitudinal line, when the new branch retaining tips are pulled to the longitudinal line which is 40cm away from the middle longitudinal line in the next column, the new branch retaining tips are fixed, the branch retaining tips droop and grow for 30cm, and then the new branch retaining tips are capped to form bearing branches in the next year;
and 8: removing axillary buds in the second year to promote flower bud differentiation
After the branch tips are capped, the axillary buds close to the top end germinate, and the germinated axillary buds need to be erased in time, so that the nutrition of the tree body is concentrated for the branch tips, and a large amount of nutrient substances are accumulated in the branch tips;
and step 9: pruning in spring and summer in the third year
In spring and summer pruning in the third year, all axillary buds germinated by the 8 branch tips are removed, only buds on the remaining 3cm small branch segments of the branches cut off in the previous year on the middle longitudinal line are selected and reserved, one strong-growing person is selected and reserved from the buds on each small branch segment of 3cm to grow, the strong-growing person is used as a bearing branch in the next year, and the branches are immediately straightened and guided after sprouting and growing to prevent mutual winding;
step 10: processing of newly remained branch tips in the third year
The new branch retaining tips are perpendicular to the middle longitudinal line in one direction, are pulled to the longitudinal line between the two columns of stand columns and are perpendicular to the longitudinal line, when the new branch retaining tips are pulled to the longitudinal line which is 40cm away from the middle longitudinal line in the next column, the new branch retaining tips are fixed, the branch retaining tips droop and grow for 30cm, and then the new branch retaining tips are capped to form bearing branches in the next year;
step 11: pruning after fruit picking in the third year
After picking fruits, cutting off the bearing branches of the current year by 3cm from the base part so that the newly selected 8 branch tips can thrive;
step 12: processing of young sprout selection in the third year
The new branch retaining tips are perpendicular to the middle longitudinal line in one direction, are pulled to the longitudinal line between the two columns of stand columns and are perpendicular to the longitudinal line, when the new branch retaining tips are pulled to the longitudinal line which is 40cm away from the middle longitudinal line in the next column, the new branch retaining tips are fixed, the branch retaining tips droop and grow for 30cm, and then the new branch retaining tips are capped to form bearing branches in the next year;
step 13: in the third year, axillary buds are removed to promote flower bud differentiation
After 8 branch tips are capped, axillary buds close to the top end germinate, the germinated axillary buds are timely erased, tree nutrition is intensively supplied to the 8 branch tips, and a large amount of nutrient substances are accumulated in the 8 branch tips;
step 14: pruning in spring and summer of the fourth year
In spring and summer in the fourth year, all axillary buds germinated by the 8 branch tips are removed, only buds on the small branch segments of 3cm remained on branches cut off in the last year on the middle longitudinal line are selected and reserved, a strong person is selected and reserved from the buds on each small branch segment of 3cm to grow as bearing branches in the next year, the branches are immediately straightened and guided after sprouting and growing, mutual winding is prevented, and the process is repeated in this way, and the bearing branches are replaced every year, so that the aim of high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation of the holboellia latifolia can be fulfilled.
Further, in the step 1, the column is made of a cement rod, the cross section of the column is a square with the side length of 15cm, the height of the column is 2.5m, the planting density of the column is that one column is planted every 4m in the longitudinal direction, and one column is planted every 3m in the transverse direction, and the column is planted 50cm deep underground.
Furthermore, in the step 1, the iron wires are pulled at the top ends of the columns to form a shed, the horizontal wires are pulled by 8 iron wires on each row of columns in the transverse direction, then the vertical wires are pulled by 10 iron wires on the top ends of each row of cement rods in the longitudinal direction, then the vertical wires are pulled by 10 iron wires on the 8 iron wires between two rows of cement rods, the interval between every two vertical wires is 40cm, and 6 vertical wires are pulled between every two rows of cement rods.
Further, in the step 3, the reserved branch tips are straightened and guided in time to avoid mutual winding; the leading and binding method is that the branch tips are drawn to the longitudinal line between two columns of upright columns in a direction perpendicular to the middle longitudinal line and perpendicular to the longitudinal line, the branch tips are bound and fixed at the crossing position of the longitudinal line, when the branch tips are drawn to the position of the longitudinal line 40cm away from the middle longitudinal line in the next column, the branch tips are fixed, the branch tips are made to droop and grow for 30cm, and then the top sealing is carried out.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for fixedly planting and shaping and trimming the holboellia latifolia parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame is convenient to replace new bearing branches every year on the basis of fully utilizing the shed frame surface to bear fruits and greatly improving the fruit yield and quality, prevents the rapid aging of tree bodies, prevents the old branches which do not bear fruits from remaining on the shed frame, is neat and consistent in frame surface, free of disordered branch tips, convenient for pest control and fruit management, and has the advantages of high yield, large fruits, high soluble solid matter, attractive fruit appearance, early mature period and the like.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A planting and shaping trimming method for a holboellia latifolia parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame is carried out in a greenhouse, a plastic greenhouse and a small plastic arched shed, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: building garden
In the area suitable for the cultivation of the holboellia latifolia, a flat ground or a hilly ground with the underground water level below 0.8m, deep soil layer and convenient irrigation and drainage is selected for building the garden. Firstly, planting a stand column, namely a cement rod, wherein the size is as follows: the cross section is a square with the side length of 15cm and the height of 2.5 m; the planting density is that one plant is planted every 4m in the longitudinal direction and every 3m in the transverse direction, and the plants are planted underground for 50 cm. Then, iron wires are pulled at the top ends of the upright columns to form a shed, a transverse wire is pulled by 8 iron wires on each row of upright columns transversely, then a longitudinal wire (referred to as a middle longitudinal wire) is pulled by 10 iron wires at the top end of each row of cement rods longitudinally, then the longitudinal wires are pulled by 10 iron wires on the 8 iron wires between two rows of cement rods respectively, the interval between every two longitudinal wires is 40cm, and 6 longitudinal wires are pulled between every two rows of cement rods.
Step 2: planting: planting was carried out in 2016 for 3 months. Digging planting furrows with the width and the depth of about 50cm at each row of cement poles, filling rotten animal manure into the planting furrows for about 30cm, returning surface soil with the depth of about 20cm, and fully and uniformly mixing the rotten animal manure with the animal manure. And (3) selecting annual bag seedlings for field planting, wherein the spacing between the seedlings is 2m, and about 111 seedlings are field planted every 667m 2. After planting, watering the root fixing water thoroughly.
And step 3: tree body cultivation and shaping: after field planting, two branches are reserved below the middle longitudinal line of each plant, in order to avoid mutual winding of branches and tips, the branches are timely led to be bound, the branches are fixed by aluminum wires with the diameter of 1.5-2.0 mm after growing to the middle longitudinal line, the branches are pulled in two opposite directions along the middle longitudinal line to form a straight line, and the branches are capped when growing to 1m respectively. After capping, axillary buds begin to germinate, the position of a trunk fixed on the middle longitudinal line is taken as a midpoint, a branch tip is reserved at the midpoint, then, branch tips are reserved on the branches along the middle longitudinal line at intervals of about 22cm, 4 branch tips are reserved on each trunk of each strain on the middle longitudinal line, and 8 branch tips are reserved on two branches of each strain on the middle longitudinal line. The reserved branch tips should be straightened and guided in time to avoid mutual winding. The leading method is that the branch is drawn to the longitudinal line between two rows of cement poles in one direction perpendicular to the middle longitudinal line and perpendicular to the longitudinal line, and the branch tip is tied and fixed by aluminum wire at the crossing of the longitudinal line. When the branch is pulled to a longitudinal line 40cm away from the longitudinal line in the next column, the branch is fixed by an aluminum wire, the branch tip is allowed to droop and grow for about 30cm, and then the branch is capped.
And 4, step 4: and (3) applying axillary buds to promote flower bud differentiation: after the 8 branch tips are capped, the axillary buds near the top end germinate in volume, and the germinated axillary buds need to be erased in time, so that the 8 branch tips are supplied with concentrated tree nutrition, and a large amount of nutrient substances are accumulated in the 8 branch tips. The flower buds of the holboellia latifolia are generally positioned at the axilla of the annual branches, and the accumulation of a large amount of nutrient substances is beneficial to promoting the differentiation of the flower buds and improving the quality of the flower buds.
And 5: pruning in spring and summer in the second year: in spring and summer of the next year, axillary buds germinated from the 8 branch tips are removed completely. Only selecting and reserving the germinated buds of the main branches on the middle longitudinal line, selecting and reserving one germinated bud between every two branches of the 8 branch tips as a bearing branch of the next year, and straightening and guiding the branches immediately after the branches germinate and grow for a certain length to prevent the branches from being intertwined.
Step 6: trimming after fruit picking in the second year: because the branches of the holboellia latifolia are lignified after bearing fruits and do not have the fruiting capacity in the next year, after fruit picking, bearing branches in the current year are cut off by about 3cm from the base part, so that 8 newly-selected branch tips can thrive.
And 7: and (3) treating newly-remained branch tips in the second year: the new branch retaining tips are perpendicular to the middle longitudinal line in one direction, are pulled to the longitudinal line between the two rows of cement poles and are perpendicular to the longitudinal line. When the branch is pulled to a longitudinal line 40cm away from the longitudinal line in the next column, the branch is fixed by an aluminum wire, the branch tip is allowed to droop and grow for about 30cm, and then the branch is capped. Forming bearing branches of the next year.
And 8: and (3) axillary buds are removed in the second year to promote flower bud differentiation: after the 8 branch tips are capped, the axillary buds near the top end germinate in volume, and the germinated axillary buds need to be erased in time, so that the 8 branch tips are supplied with concentrated tree nutrition, and a large amount of nutrient substances are accumulated in the 8 branch tips. The flower buds of the holboellia latifolia are generally positioned at the axilla of the annual branches, and the accumulation of a large amount of nutrient substances is beneficial to promoting the differentiation of the flower buds and improving the quality of the flower buds.
And step 9: pruning in spring and summer in the third year: in spring and summer of the next year, axillary buds germinated from the 8 branch tips are removed completely. Only the buds on the small branch segments of about 3cm remained on the branches cut off in the last year on the middle longitudinal line are selected and retained, one strong person is selected and retained from the buds on each small branch segment of about 3cm to grow, the strong person is used as a bearing branch in the next year, and the branches are immediately straightened and guided after sprouting and growing for a certain length to prevent mutual winding.
Step 10: and (3) treating newly remained branch tips in the third year: the new branch retaining tips are perpendicular to the middle longitudinal line in one direction, are pulled to the longitudinal line between the two rows of cement poles and are perpendicular to the longitudinal line. When the branch is pulled to a longitudinal line 40cm away from the longitudinal line in the next column, the branch is fixed by an aluminum wire, the branch tip is allowed to droop and grow for about 30cm, and then the branch is capped. Forming bearing branches of the next year.
Step 11: trimming after fruit picking in the third year: because the branches of the holboellia latifolia are lignified after bearing fruits and do not have the fruiting capacity in the next year, after fruit picking, bearing branches in the current year are cut off by about 3cm from the base part, so that 8 newly-selected branch tips can thrive.
Step 12: selecting and reserving young shoots in the third year: the new branch retaining tips are perpendicular to the middle longitudinal line in one direction, are pulled to the longitudinal line between the two rows of cement poles and are perpendicular to the longitudinal line. When the branch is pulled to a longitudinal line 40cm away from the longitudinal line in the next column, the branch is fixed by an aluminum wire, the branch tip is allowed to droop and grow for about 30cm, and then the branch is capped. Forming bearing branches of the next year.
Step 13: and in the third year, axillary buds are wiped to promote flower bud differentiation: after the 8 branch tips are capped, the axillary buds near the top end germinate in volume, and the germinated axillary buds need to be erased in time, so that the 8 branch tips are supplied with concentrated tree nutrition, and a large amount of nutrient substances are accumulated in the 8 branch tips. The flower buds of the holboellia latifolia are generally positioned at the axilla of the annual branches, and the accumulation of a large amount of nutrient substances is beneficial to promoting the differentiation of the flower buds and improving the quality of the flower buds.
Step 14: pruning in spring and summer in the fourth year: in spring and summer of the next year, axillary buds germinated from the 8 branch tips are removed completely. Only the buds on the small branch segments of about 3cm remained on the branches cut off in the last year on the middle longitudinal line are selected and retained, one strong person is selected and retained from the buds on each small branch segment of about 3cm to grow, the strong person is used as a bearing branch in the next year, and the branches are immediately straightened and guided after sprouting and growing for a certain length to prevent mutual winding. The above steps are repeated, and bearing branches are replaced every year, so that the purpose of high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation of the holboellia latifolia is achieved.
Example 2
The field planting and shaping trimming method of the August melon parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame has the following effects on the yield and quality of the August melon:
as can be seen from Table 1, the yield per mu of the August melons cultivated in the parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame can reach 4.81 tons, the weight of a single fruit reaches 225.24g, and the content of soluble solid matters in pulp reaches 23.57%, and compared with the yield per mu cultivated in the common mode, the yield per mu is 4.23 tons, the size of the single fruit is 202.76g, and the content of the soluble solid matters in pulp is 22.09%, and the yield is lower than that of the parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame.
In addition, the proportion of the scar fruits and the malformed fruits in the common cultivation is as high as 18.31 percent, while the proportion of the scar fruits and the malformed fruits in the parallel multi-branch horizontal shed is only 5.02 percent. The fruit mature period of the parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame is 8 months and 10 days to 9 months and 30 days, while the mature period of the commonly cultivated fruit is 8 months and 15 days to 10 months and 10 days. It can be seen that the parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame cultivation has the advantages of high yield, large fruit, high soluble solid, beautiful fruit appearance, early mature period and the like.
TABLE 1 influence of different cultivation modes on the yield and quality of August melon
Note: the trellis cultivation is the same as the ordinary cultivation except whether the trellis is built or not, and the tree ages, cultivation density, management conditions and methods are the same. The data are the average of 4 replicates and are 2020 old data.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A field planting and shaping trimming method for a holboellia latifolia parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: building garden
Selecting flat ground or hilly ground with underground water level below 0.8m, deep soil layer and convenient irrigation and drainage, firstly planting upright posts, then building a shed at the top ends of the upright posts, transversely pulling a transverse line on each row of the upright posts, longitudinally pulling a middle longitudinal line at the top ends of each row of the upright posts, and then respectively pulling longitudinal lines on the transverse lines between two rows of the upright posts;
step 2: planting
Planting for 3 months, digging planting furrows with the width and the depth of 50cm at each column, filling rotten stable manure for 30cm in the planting furrows, returning surface soil for 20cm, and fully and uniformly mixing the stable manure with the surface soil; planting and selecting annual bag seedlings, wherein the spacing of the seedlings is 2m, and 111 seedlings are planted every 667m 2; after planting, thoroughly watering root fixing water;
and step 3: tree body cultivation and shaping
After field planting, reserving two branches below the middle longitudinal line of each plant, leading and binding in time, fixing the branches after the branches grow to the middle longitudinal line, pulling the branches to two opposite directions along the middle longitudinal line to form a straight line, and capping when the branches grow to 1m respectively;
after capping, the axillary buds start to germinate, the position of a trunk fixed on the middle longitudinal line is taken as a midpoint, a branch tip is reserved at the midpoint, then, branch tips are reserved every 22cm on the branches of the middle longitudinal line, 4 branch tips are reserved on each trunk of each strain on the middle longitudinal line, and 8 branch tips are reserved on two branches of each strain on the middle longitudinal line;
and 4, step 4: applying axillary buds to promote flower bud differentiation
After 8 branch tips are capped, axillary buds close to the top end germinate, the germinated axillary buds are timely erased, tree nutrition is intensively supplied to the 8 branch tips, and a large amount of nutrient substances are accumulated in the 8 branch tips;
and 5: pruning in spring and summer in the next year
In spring and summer of the next year, all axillary buds germinated from the 8 branch tips are removed, only buds germinated from main branches on a middle longitudinal line are selected and remained, a germinated bud is selected and remained between every two of the 8 branch tips and serves as a bearing branch of the next year, and after the branches germinate and grow, the branches are immediately pulled straight and led to prevent mutual winding;
step 6: pruning after fruit picking in the second year
After picking fruits, cutting off the bearing branches of the current year by 3cm from the base part so that the newly selected 8 branch tips can thrive;
and 7: processing of newly-retained branch tips in the next year
The new branch retaining tips are perpendicular to the middle longitudinal line in one direction, are pulled to the longitudinal line between the two columns of stand columns and are perpendicular to the longitudinal line, when the new branch retaining tips are pulled to the longitudinal line which is 40cm away from the middle longitudinal line in the next column, the new branch retaining tips are fixed, the branch retaining tips droop and grow for 30cm, and then the new branch retaining tips are capped to form bearing branches in the next year;
and 8: removing axillary buds in the second year to promote flower bud differentiation
After the branch tips are capped, the axillary buds close to the top end germinate, and the germinated axillary buds need to be erased in time, so that the nutrition of the tree body is concentrated for the branch tips, and a large amount of nutrient substances are accumulated in the branch tips;
and step 9: pruning in spring and summer in the third year
In spring and summer pruning in the third year, all axillary buds germinated by the 8 branch tips are removed, only buds on the remaining 3cm small branch segments of the branches cut off in the previous year on the middle longitudinal line are selected and reserved, one strong-growing person is selected and reserved from the buds on each small branch segment of 3cm to grow, the strong-growing person is used as a bearing branch in the next year, and the branches are immediately straightened and guided after sprouting and growing to prevent mutual winding;
step 10: processing of newly remained branch tips in the third year
The new branch retaining tips are perpendicular to the middle longitudinal line in one direction, are pulled to the longitudinal line between the two columns of stand columns and are perpendicular to the longitudinal line, when the new branch retaining tips are pulled to the longitudinal line which is 40cm away from the middle longitudinal line in the next column, the new branch retaining tips are fixed, the branch retaining tips droop and grow for 30cm, and then the new branch retaining tips are capped to form bearing branches in the next year;
step 11: pruning after fruit picking in the third year
After picking fruits, cutting off the bearing branches of the current year by 3cm from the base part so that the newly selected 8 branch tips can thrive;
step 12: processing of young sprout selection in the third year
The new branch retaining tips are perpendicular to the middle longitudinal line in one direction, are pulled to the longitudinal line between the two columns of stand columns and are perpendicular to the longitudinal line, when the new branch retaining tips are pulled to the longitudinal line which is 40cm away from the middle longitudinal line in the next column, the new branch retaining tips are fixed, the branch retaining tips droop and grow for 30cm, and then the new branch retaining tips are capped to form bearing branches in the next year;
step 13: in the third year, axillary buds are removed to promote flower bud differentiation
After 8 branch tips are capped, axillary buds close to the top end germinate, the germinated axillary buds are timely erased, tree nutrition is intensively supplied to the 8 branch tips, and a large amount of nutrient substances are accumulated in the 8 branch tips;
step 14: pruning in the next spring and summer of the fourth year
In spring and summer in the fourth year, all axillary buds germinated by the 8 branch tips are removed, only buds on the small branch segments of 3cm remained on branches cut off in the last year on the middle longitudinal line are selected and reserved, a strong person is selected and reserved from the buds on each small branch segment of 3cm to grow as bearing branches in the next year, the branches are immediately straightened and guided after sprouting and growing, mutual winding is prevented, and the process is repeated in this way, and the bearing branches are replaced every year, so that the aim of high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation of the holboellia latifolia can be fulfilled.
2. The field planting and pruning method for the pachyrhizus augustus parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 1, the vertical columns are cement poles, the cross sections of the vertical columns are squares with the side length of 15cm, the height of the vertical columns is 2.5m, the planting density of the vertical columns is one piece at every 4m in the longitudinal direction and one piece at every 3m in the transverse direction, and the vertical columns are planted 50cm deep underground.
3. The field planting and pruning method for the pachyrhizus augustus parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 1, a shed is built by pulling iron wires at the top ends of the upright columns, a transverse line is firstly pulled by 8 iron wires on each row of upright columns in a transverse direction, then a middle longitudinal line is pulled by 10 iron wires at the top ends of each row of cement rods in a longitudinal direction, then longitudinal lines are respectively pulled by 10 iron wires on the 8 iron wires between two rows of cement rods, the space between every two longitudinal lines is 40cm, and 6 longitudinal lines are pulled between every two rows of cement rods.
4. The field planting and shaping trimming method for the holboellia latifolia parallel multi-branch horizontal shed frame according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, the reserved branch tips are straightened and drawn in time to avoid mutual winding; the leading and binding method is that the branch tips are drawn to the longitudinal line between two columns of upright columns in a direction perpendicular to the middle longitudinal line and perpendicular to the longitudinal line, the branch tips are bound and fixed at the crossing position of the longitudinal line, when the branch tips are drawn to the position of the longitudinal line 40cm away from the middle longitudinal line in the next column, the branch tips are fixed, the branch tips are made to droop and grow for 30cm, and then the top sealing is carried out.
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| CN115349391A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-18 | 西安市农业技术推广中心 | Artificial cultivation method of akebia trifoliata fruits |
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