CN112174724A - Marine biological fertilizer capable of improving crop immunity - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a marine organism fertilizer capable of improving crop immunity, which is prepared from fermented raw fertilizer, urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, boric acid and plant growth regulator diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate DA-6. The marine biological fertilizer is prepared by taking marine biological resources such as waste shrimp heads, shrimp peels, fish residues, fish maws and the like in aquatic product processing as raw materials, converting the marine biological resources into marine biological protein slurry containing chitosan and fish protein peptides which is easy to absorb and utilize by plants by adopting a physical and chemical method and combining a biological fermentation technology, and developing the marine biological fertilizer with the functions of enhancing the disease resistance of crops and improving the immunity of the crops by combining activated and improved oyster shell powder, cassava residues, fruit residues, rice husk powder and other organic matters through microbial fermentation.

Description

Marine biological fertilizer capable of improving crop immunity

Technical Field

The invention relates to a marine biofertilizer capable of improving crop immunity, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of marine biofertilizers.

Background

The cultivated land area of China only accounts for 9 percent of the total cultivated land area of the whole world, but the using amount of the chemical fertilizer accounts for one third of the whole world, and the use of a large amount of the chemical fertilizer not only causes serious environmental and health hazards, but also directly affects the cultivated land quality and the food safety of the whole country, so that the proportion of using the biological fertilizer is urgently needed to be improved, and the hazard caused by the use of the chemical fertilizer without control can be reduced only in this way. On the other hand, the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in a large amount probably causes substantial damage to the immunity of crops to a certain extent, so that the resistance of the crops to diseases and insect pests is generally reduced, the use amount of the pesticides is increased to resist the diseases and insect pests, and a vicious circle is caused, which is a phenomenon generally existing in the crop and planting industry at present. The harm caused by the phenomenon is negative influence on ecological environment protection and sustainable development and utilization of resources. With the increasing living standard of people, the safety problem of agricultural products is increasingly emphasized, the concept of plant disease and insect pest control is gradually changed, and the plant disease and insect pest control concept is changed from the aspect of utilizing external conditions to control the disease and insect pest to pay more attention to the plant and improve the autoimmunity of crops. The theory of preventing and curing diseases of traditional Chinese medicine has the view of 'internal storage of healthy qi and no pathogenic factor dryness', and the view can also be applied to the disease and insect control of plants. The plant disease and insect pest resistance of the crops is improved by improving the autoimmunity of the crops, and the using amount of chemical pesticides is reduced even chemical pesticides are not used. To achieve the purpose, the use proportion of the biological fertilizer is increased, the biological fertilizer has the function of improving the biological immunity, and the expected purpose can be achieved by combining the two into one. The invention provides a technical scheme for achieving the purpose. According to the research, chitin and chitosan obtained by converting and extracting chitin have no effect on improving the immunity of crops, and are known as plant vaccines by people. Therefore, the biological fertilizer combining the fertility enhancement and the crop immunity improvement has practical significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a marine biofertilizer capable of improving crop immunity, which is characterized in that through biochemical technical treatment and conversion of marine biofertilizer wastes, raw materials are converted into a biofertilizer capable of promoting crop growth and improving crop immunity, and the defect that the traditional biofertilizer or organic fertilizer is single in function is overcome.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the technical scheme that: a marine biofertilizer capable of improving crop immunity comprises the following raw materials and a preparation method:

the formula of the raw materials in parts by weight is as follows:

60-75 parts of fermented raw fertilizer, 10-15 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-10 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0.5 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of boric acid and 60.2-0.5 part of plant growth regulator amine fresh fat DA;

(II) a preparation method of the marine biofertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials in the formula, adding 2-3 parts of an equivalent mixed strain of bacillus subtilis with 20 hundred million/g of bacteria and trichoderma viride with 5 hundred million/g of bacteria, uniformly stirring, tedding, and drying until the water content is 20-25%, thus obtaining the marine biological fertilizer;

wherein the fermentation raw fertilizer is prepared by the following method:

(1) preparing marine organism protein slurry: crushing waste shrimp heads, shrimp shells, fish residues and fish maws into slurry, adding sodium hydroxide according to 6-8% of the total amount of materials, fully mixing and stirring uniformly, heating to 100 ℃, preserving heat for 12 hours, carrying out conversion reaction under the mild condition of low alkali content, then cooling to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7 by using hydrochloric acid to obtain marine organism protein slurry for later use;

(2) preparation of activated oyster shell powder: firstly, cleaning oyster shell with clear water, soaking the oyster shell in 20% alkali liquor prepared from sodium hydroxide for 8-12 hours, taking out the oyster shell and washing the oyster shell with water until the pH value is 7-7.5, drying the oyster shell and then crushing the oyster shell, sieving the oyster shell with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain oyster shell powder, and activating the oyster shell powder for 5-10 hours at the temperature of 200-300 ℃ to obtain activated oyster shell powder for later use;

(3) preparing beneficial flora by adopting a conventional microbial culture method and a step-by-step enlarged fermentation culture method:

strain selection and culture: respectively and independently culturing bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida tropicalis, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, geotrichum candidum, trichoderma viride, thermophilic sporotrichum and streptomyces jingyangensis, transferring and culturing the strains by a test tube inclined plane, adopting a conventional culture method, gradually expanding and culturing according to the requirement of culture conditions, airing after culturing, and independently and separately storing in a cool and dry place for later use;

the number standard of the cultured strains is as follows: bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis are respectively more than or equal to 20 hundred million/g, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus are respectively more than or equal to 10 hundred million/g, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus niger, Geotrichum candidum, Trichoderma viride, Thermopsis thermophilus and Streptomyces jingyangensis are respectively more than or equal to 5 hundred million/g;

(4) preparing a fermentation raw fertilizer: taking 60-80 parts of any composition of fresh cassava residue, fresh fruit residue, rice hull powder and livestock manure, 10-20 parts of activated oyster shell powder and 5-20 parts of marine organism protein slurry according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 40-50% and the pH value to 6.5-7.0, adding 0.2-0.5 part of beneficial flora, uniformly mixing, naturally stacking and fermenting, naturally heating to 70 ℃ within 24 hours, then continuously fermenting for 5-10 days at the temperature of below 70 ℃ by irregularly turning over, reducing the temperature to 30-40 ℃, turning over and drying in the sun, and reducing the water content to below 30%, thus obtaining the fermented raw fertilizer; the beneficial flora comprises the following components in part by weight: 1 kg of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 0.5 kg of candida tropicalis, 0.5 kg of aspergillus oryzae, 1 kg of aspergillus niger, 0.5 kg of geotrichum candidum, 1 kg of trichoderma viride, 1 kg of pleurotus thermophilus, 0.2 kg of streptomyces jingyangensis, 0.5 kg of bacillus licheniformis, 1 kg of bacillus subtilis, 0.2 kg of lactobacillus plantarum and 0.5 kg of lactobacillus acidophilus.

The marine biofertilizer with the functions of enhancing crop disease resistance and improving crop immunity is developed by taking marine biological resources such as shrimp heads, shrimp skins, fish residues, fish maws and the like which are discarded in aquatic product processing as raw materials, converting the marine biological resources into marine biological protein slurry which is easy for plants to absorb and utilize micromolecular active chitosan and fish protein peptide functional components by adopting a physical and chemical method and combining a biological fermentation technology, and combining activated and improved oyster shell powder and organic matters such as cassava residues, fruit residues, rice husk powder and the like through microbial fermentation. The invention contains rich organic matter, vitamins, biological polysaccharide, fish protein peptide, amino acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iodine and other nutrient components and various essential elements of crops, comprehensively utilizes chitosan, fish protein peptide, amino acid, marine organism calcium, oyster shell and microorganisms, produces the effects of resisting diseases, promoting growth, improving quality, increasing yield, preventing and controlling organisms, repairing and improving soil and other advantages, is a natural full nutrient substance, has the functions of nutrition, health care and immunity, maintains the naturalness and bioactivity of various components, and is easy to absorb and utilize. Wherein: the chitosan can induce crops to obtain systemic disease resistance immunity and generate chitinase and other resistant substances so as to resist various diseases for a long time, and has killing and resisting capacity to various pathogenic bacteria and certain insect killing and inhibiting effect. The fish protein peptide has unique physiological activity which is not possessed by original protein and monomer amino acid, has triple functions of nutrition, health care and treatment, improves the disease resistance of crops, resists the damage caused by adverse environment such as low temperature, drought, flood, phytotoxicity and the like, and improves the quality. Oyster shell is a biological material with special micropore structure and biological activity, contains a large amount of micropores of 2-10 μm, and generates a plurality of different functional hole structures through activation treatment, so that the oyster shell has strong adsorption capacity, exchange capacity, catalytic decomposition and other effects. After being crushed, activated and hole-modified, the oyster shells not only have the functions of adsorption and coating, but also have certain ion exchange function, and have the functions of bacteria protection, fertilizer protection, water protection and the like. Meanwhile, oyster shell contains more than twenty kinds of trace elements such as zinc, iron, copper, selenium, germanium and the like, and can well meet the growth requirements of crops. Therefore, the invention can also form a granular structure in the soil, is loose and breathable, effectively improves the soil, can improve the soil fertility and inhibit pathogenic microorganisms in the soil, can increase beneficial microbial flora in the soil, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers, increase the crop yield, stimulate the plant growth, enhance the disease resistance of the plant, and reduce the pesticide consumption in the planting process, thereby reducing the pesticide residue of crop products and greatly improving the agricultural ecological environment and the ecological benefit. The invention has the advantages that various components supplement each other and promote, cooperate and enhance, enhance the plant potential, improve the absorption capacity of crops to nutrition, improve the photosynthetic rate and increase the carbon absorption capacity, and the functional microorganisms cooperate to ensure that the product has various effects and effects of promoting growth, increasing production, resisting stress, resisting diseases and insect pests.

In order to verify the technical effect of the invention, the invention is compared with common fertilizers in the aspects of base fertilizer and additional fertilizer in the aspects of planting sugarcane and rice, and the test is carried out according to the following modes: and planting sugarcane in 10-mu dry field as a test group, planting sugarcane in 10-mu dry field as a control group, planting rice in 10-mu paddy field as a test group, and planting rice in 10-mu paddy field as a control group. The sugarcane is tested in two groups of comparison, one group is that the base fertilizer is applied to a sugarcane test group and is applied according to the amount of 150 kg per mu, the special sugarcane compound fertilizer with the commercial nutrient content of 25% is applied to the sugarcane control group as the base fertilizer and is applied according to the amount of 150 kg per mu, other planting methods are performed according to the traditional planting method, the other traditional technical measures are adopted, the planting is performed simultaneously, the harvesting yield per mu is 6000 kg/mu of the test group and is 5600 kg/mu, and the test group harvests 40 kg/mu more than the control group.

Two groups are base fertilizers applied in a sugarcane test group and are also divided into three groups for testing, wherein the first group is 3 mu, the second group is 3 mu, and the third group is 4 mu, 100 kg of the fertilizer is applied to each mu in the first group, 125 kg of the fertilizer is applied to each mu in the second group, 150 kg of the fertilizer is applied to each mu in the third group, the same mode test is adopted in a comparison group, and compared with the Norwegian imported compound fertilizer which is input at the same price, the results of the yield increase of the first group is 9.12%, the yield increase of the second group is 31.13%, and the yield increase of the third group is 38.34%, so that the obvious yield increase effect is achieved. The reason for the low yield of the Norwegian imported compound fertilizer is that the imported fertilizer has high selling price, and the dosage per mu cannot meet the growth requirement of the sugarcane according to equivalent investment. Meanwhile, the sugarcane sugar amount applied by the invention is also improved, so that the win-win effect of increasing the income of sugarcane farmers and sugar factories is achieved, and the fertilizer amount of 125-150 kg is preferably applied per mu.

The sugarcane is planted in the Guangxi Yulin fields, and the technical personnel of the company inspect the sugarcane on site, so that the sugarcane leaves are smooth and thick, the diseases are few, the tillered plants of the sugarcane are more, the sugarcane has long nodes and uniform size, and is thick and strong, and the color of the skin is black. The invention has good yield-increasing effect, has peculiar effect on preventing and treating sugarcane spots, can influence the selling phase and directly influence the price, can be used for two purposes of applying the fertilizer and soaking and foliage spraying with the fertilizer, is not easy to suffer from sugarcane spot diseases and places with sugarcane spots after being sprayed with the water soaking liquid, can cover the old sugarcane spots with white foam after being sprayed with the fertilizer, and can not cause the sugarcane spots in new joints. The sugarcane has the advantages that the sugarcane length is as high as 2.7 meters when the fruit sugarcane is harvested and cut, the meat is crisp and sweet, the yield per mu is 10.5 tons, the sugarcane ripening time is 10-15 days ahead, and the sugarcane is sold on the market and the market is preempted.

Two sets of tests were also performed in the rice trial, one of which was: firstly, planting rice by taking 10 mu of paddy field as a test group, planting rice by taking 10 mu of paddy field as a control group, applying the fertilizer of the invention as a base fertilizer in the test group of the rice according to the amount of 100 kg per mu, applying a commercially available 25% compound fertilizer in the control group of the rice as the base fertilizer, and applying the fertilizer according to the amount of 100 kg per mu; the method comprises the steps of applying the fertilizer of the invention in a rice test group for topdressing, applying the fertilizer according to the amount of 50 kg per mu, applying the commercially available 25% compound fertilizer in a rice control group for topdressing, applying the fertilizer according to the amount of 50 kg per mu, performing other planting methods according to the traditional planting method, transplanting seedlings, taking other traditional technical measures, harvesting simultaneously, wherein the yield of the harvested paddy per mu is 535 kg/mu of the test group, the yield of the harvested paddy per mu is 500 kg/mu of the control group, and the yield of the test group is 35 kg/mu more than that of the control group. Meanwhile, compared with the conventional management, the test group and the control group are half sprayed with pesticide, the two groups are compared during harvesting, visual comparison is carried out, and the pest damage degree of the control group is more serious than that of the test group. And secondly, the invention is applied as additional fertilizer in a rice test group, the fertilizing amount per mu is 100 kilograms, and compared with the same 100 kilograms of a certain compound fertilizer which is sold in the market and accounts for 25 percent, the yield is increased by 7.85 percent, the production cost is reduced by 5.33 percent, and the quality is obviously improved. As can be seen from the above comparative experiments, the present invention has satisfactory technical effects.

The two groups are: firstly, the invention is applied as additional fertilizer in a rice test group, the fertilizing amount per mu is 100 kilograms, compared with 100 kilograms of the same applying amount of a certain compound fertilizer which is sold in the market and accounts for 25 percent, the yield is increased by 7.85 percent, the production cost is reduced by 5.33 percent, and the quality is obviously improved. And secondly, demonstrating the application of organic rice planting. The invention is applied to planting organic rice in Baishanfengshan, Leye, Liuzhou Xiangzhou, Guangdong Qingyuan and other places, and obtains good test demonstration effect. Organic rice is planted, organic agricultural materials are used in the whole process, and chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides are not used. The disease prevention and resistance are important, and rice blast can occur due to improper disease prevention measures in the growth process of rice, so that the yield is reduced and even the rice is lost. Through continuous application of users in organic rice planting bases such as Fengshan, Happy industry, Xiangzhou and the like, the biological fertilizer is applied by 150-200 kg of the biological fertilizer and 35-40 kg of the water-soluble fertilizer per mu for two crops in one year, and the biological fertilizer and the water-soluble fertilizer are mixed and applied during application. The average yield of the organic rice reaches 385 kilograms per mu. Base technicians experience evaluation: the invention has comprehensive and balanced nutrients, enhances the immunity of plants, and can effectively prevent pathological changes or recover the pathological changes.

Detailed Description

Example 1

Firstly, preparing a fermentation raw fertilizer:

preparing marine organism protein slurry: taking 100 kilograms of waste shrimp heads, shrimp shells, fish residues and fish maws respectively, crushing the waste shrimp heads, the shrimp shells, the fish residues and the fish maws into slurry in a crusher, adding 24 kilograms of commercially available powder sodium hydroxide, fully mixing and stirring the slurry uniformly, heating the mixture to 100 ℃, preserving the heat for 12 hours, carrying out conversion reaction under the mild condition of low alkali content, then cooling the mixture to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value to 6.5 by hydrochloric acid, wherein in the reaction, the shrimp heads and the shrimp shells react under the alkaline condition to obtain a reactant, namely chitosan, and the protein chains of the fish residues and the fish maws are broken and decomposed into polypeptide, small peptide and amino acid in the reaction, so that the obtained marine organism protein slurry is a mixture containing chitosan, protein, polypeptide, small peptide and amino acid for later use;

(II) preparing activated oyster shell powder: 500 kg of oyster shell is cleaned by clear water, 20 percent alkali solution prepared by sodium hydroxide sold in the market is used for soaking the oyster shell in the alkali solution, the alkali solution is obtained by soaking the oyster shell for 8 hours, the oyster shell is taken out and washed by water until the PH value is 7-7.5, the oyster shell is dried and crushed into 100 meshes of fine powder, and the fine powder is activated for 5 hours at the temperature of 200 plus materials and 300 ℃ to obtain the activated oyster shell powder for later use. The purpose of the activation treatment is to enable the activated oyster shell powder to generate a plurality of different functional hole structures and generate a large number of micropores with the diameter of 2-10 mu m, so that the activated oyster shell powder has stronger adsorption capacity, exchange capacity and catalytic decomposition effect;

and (III) preparing beneficial bacteria groups by adopting a conventional microbial culture method and a step-by-step enlarged fermentation culture method:

strain selection and culture: respectively selecting bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida tropicalis, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, geotrichum candidum, trichoderma viride, thermophilic sporotrichum and streptomyces jingyang, respectively and independently culturing the strains, transferring and culturing by a test tube inclined plane according to a conventional culture method for culturing microorganisms, gradually expanding and culturing, and independently and separately storing in a shady and dry place for later use;

the number standard of the cultured strains is as follows: bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis are respectively more than or equal to 20 hundred million/g, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus are respectively more than or equal to 10 hundred million/g, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus niger, Geotrichum candidum, Trichoderma viride, Thermopsis thermophilus and Streptomyces jingyangensis are respectively more than or equal to 5 hundred million/g;

(IV) preparing a fermentation raw fertilizer:

(1) preparing beneficial bacterium groups: taking 1 kg of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 0.5 kg of candida tropicalis, 0.5 kg of aspergillus oryzae, 1 kg of aspergillus niger, 0.5 kg of geotrichum candidum, 1 kg of trichoderma viride, 1 kg of sporotrichum thermophilum, 0.2 kg of streptomyces jingyangensis, 0.5 kg of bacillus licheniformis, 1 kg of bacillus subtilis, 0.2 kg of lactobacillus plantarum and 0.5 kg of lactobacillus acidophilus, and uniformly mixing the beneficial bacteria according to the proportion to obtain a beneficial bacterium group for later use;

(2) preparing a fermentation raw fertilizer: taking 600 kg of any composition of fresh cassava residue, fresh fruit residue, rice hull powder and livestock manure, 100 kg of activated oyster shell powder and 50 kg of marine organism protein slurry, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to be 40-50% and the pH value to be 6.0-7.0, adding 2 kg of beneficial bacteria, uniformly mixing, naturally stacking and fermenting, naturally heating to 70 ℃ within 24 hours, continuously fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of below 70 ℃ through variable-time turning, reducing the temperature to 30 ℃, turning and drying in the sun, and reducing the water content to below 30%, thereby obtaining a fermented raw fertilizer for later use;

secondly, preparing marine biofertilizer

(1) The formula comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

60 kg of fermentation raw fertilizer, 10 kg of urea, 10 kg of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 kg of potassium sulfate, 0.5 kg of zinc sulfate, 0.5 kg of magnesium sulfate, 0.5 kg of ferrous sulfate, 1 kg of boric acid and 60.2 kg of plant growth regulator amine fresh fat DA-60;

(2) the preparation method of the marine biofertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials, adding 2 kg of bacillus subtilis with 20 hundred million/g of bacteria and trichoderma viride with 5 hundred million/g of bacteria, mixing the raw materials in a ratio of 1: 1 proportion, stirring uniformly, tedding, drying to water content of 20-25% to obtain the marine biofertilizer.

Example 2

Firstly, preparing a fermentation raw fertilizer:

preparing marine organism protein slurry: taking 100 kilograms of waste shrimp heads, shrimp shells, fish residues and fish maws respectively, crushing the waste shrimp heads, the shrimp shells, the fish residues and the fish maws into slurry in a crusher, adding 32 kilograms of commercially available powder sodium hydroxide, fully mixing and stirring the slurry uniformly, heating the mixture to 100 ℃, preserving the heat for 12 hours, carrying out conversion reaction under the mild condition of low alkali content, then cooling the mixture to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value to 7.0 by hydrochloric acid, wherein in the reaction, the shrimp heads and the shrimp shells react under the alkaline condition to obtain a reactant, namely chitosan, and the protein chains of the fish residues and the fish maws are broken and decomposed into polypeptide, small peptide and amino acid in the reaction, so that the obtained marine organism protein slurry is a mixture containing chitosan, protein, polypeptide and small peptide amino acid for later use;

(II) preparing activated oyster shell powder: 500 kg of oyster shell is cleaned by clear water, 20 percent alkali solution prepared by sodium hydroxide sold in the market is used for soaking the oyster shell in the alkali solution, the alkali solution is obtained by soaking the oyster shell for 10 hours, the oyster shell is taken out and washed by water until the PH value is 7-7.5, the oyster shell is dried and crushed into 100 meshes of fine powder, and the fine powder is activated for 10 hours at the temperature of 200 plus materials and 300 ℃ to obtain the activated oyster shell powder for later use. The purpose of the activation treatment is to enable the activated oyster shell powder to generate a plurality of different functional hole structures and generate a large number of micropores with the diameter of 2-10 mu m, so that the activated oyster shell powder has stronger adsorption capacity, exchange capacity and catalytic decomposition effect;

and (III) preparing beneficial bacteria groups by adopting a conventional microbial culture method and a step-by-step enlarged fermentation culture method:

strain selection and culture: respectively selecting bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida tropicalis, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, geotrichum candidum, trichoderma viride, thermophilic sporotrichum and streptomyces jingyang, respectively and independently culturing the strains, transferring and culturing by a test tube inclined plane according to a conventional culture method for culturing microorganisms, gradually expanding and culturing, and independently and separately storing in a shady and dry place for later use;

the number standard of the cultured strains is as follows: bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis are respectively more than or equal to 20 hundred million/g, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus are respectively more than or equal to 10 hundred million/g, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus niger, Geotrichum candidum, Trichoderma viride, Thermopsis thermophilus and Streptomyces jingyangensis are respectively more than or equal to 5 hundred million/g;

(IV) preparing a fermentation raw fertilizer:

(1) preparing beneficial bacterium groups: taking 1 kg of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 0.5 kg of candida tropicalis, 0.5 kg of aspergillus oryzae, 1 kg of aspergillus niger, 0.5 kg of geotrichum candidum, 1 kg of trichoderma viride, 1 kg of sporotrichum thermophilum, 0.2 kg of streptomyces jingyangensis, 0.5 kg of bacillus licheniformis, 1 kg of bacillus subtilis, 0.2 kg of lactobacillus plantarum and 0.5 kg of lactobacillus acidophilus, and uniformly mixing the beneficial bacteria according to the proportion to obtain a beneficial bacterium group for later use;

(2) preparing a fermentation raw fertilizer: taking 800 kg of any composition of fresh cassava residue, fresh fruit residue, rice hull powder and livestock manure, 200 kg of activated oyster shell powder and 200 kg of marine organism protein slurry, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to be 40-50% and the pH value to be 7.0, adding 5 kg of beneficial bacteria, uniformly mixing, naturally stacking and fermenting, naturally heating to 70 ℃ within 24 hours, continuously fermenting for 10 days at the temperature of below 70 ℃ by irregularly turning over, cooling to 40 ℃, turning over and drying in the sun, and reducing the water content to below 30%, thus obtaining a fermented raw fertilizer for later use;

secondly, preparing marine biofertilizer

(1) The formula comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

75 kg of fermentation raw fertilizer, 15 kg of urea, 15 kg of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 kg of potassium sulfate, 0.5 kg of zinc sulfate, 0.5 kg of magnesium sulfate, 0.5 kg of ferrous sulfate, 1 kg of boric acid and 60.5 kg of plant growth regulator amine fresh fat DA-60;

(2) the preparation method of the marine biofertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing the above raw materials, adding 3 kg of bacillus subtilis with 20 hundred million/g bacteria and trichoderma viride with 5 hundred million/g bacteria, mixing in a ratio of 1: 1 proportion, stirring uniformly, tedding, drying to water content of 20-25% to obtain the marine biofertilizer.

Claims (1)

1. A marine biofertilizer capable of improving crop immunity is characterized by comprising the following raw materials and a preparation method:

the formula of the raw materials in parts by weight is as follows:

60-75 parts of fermented raw fertilizer, 10-15 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-10 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 0.5 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, 1 part of boric acid and 60.2-0.5 part of plant growth regulator amine fresh fat DA;

(II) a preparation method of the marine biofertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials in the formula, adding 2-3 parts of an equivalent mixed strain of bacillus subtilis with 20 hundred million/g of bacteria and trichoderma viride with 5 hundred million/g of bacteria, uniformly stirring, tedding, and drying until the water content is 20-25%, thus obtaining the marine biological fertilizer;

wherein the fermentation raw fertilizer is prepared by the following method:

(1) preparing marine organism protein slurry: crushing waste shrimp heads, shrimp shells, fish residues and fish maws into slurry, adding sodium hydroxide according to 6-8% of the total amount of materials, fully mixing and stirring uniformly, heating to 100 ℃, preserving heat for 12 hours, carrying out conversion reaction under the mild condition of low alkali content, then cooling to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7 by using hydrochloric acid to obtain marine organism protein slurry for later use;

(2) preparation of activated oyster shell powder: firstly, cleaning oyster shell with clear water, soaking the oyster shell in 20% alkali liquor prepared from sodium hydroxide for 8-12 hours, taking out the oyster shell and washing the oyster shell with water until the pH value is 7-7.5, drying the oyster shell and then crushing the oyster shell, sieving the oyster shell with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain oyster shell powder, and activating the oyster shell powder for 5-10 hours at the temperature of 200-300 ℃ to obtain activated oyster shell powder for later use;

(3) preparing beneficial flora by adopting a conventional microbial culture method and a step-by-step enlarged fermentation culture method:

strain selection and culture: respectively and independently culturing bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida tropicalis, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, geotrichum candidum, trichoderma viride, thermophilic sporotrichum and streptomyces jingyangensis, transferring and culturing the strains by a test tube inclined plane, adopting a conventional culture method, gradually expanding and culturing according to the requirement of culture conditions, airing after culturing, and independently and separately storing in a cool and dry place for later use;

the number standard of the cultured strains is as follows: bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis are respectively more than or equal to 20 hundred million/g, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus are respectively more than or equal to 10 hundred million/g, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus niger, Geotrichum candidum, Trichoderma viride, Thermopsis thermophilus and Streptomyces jingyangensis are respectively more than or equal to 5 hundred million/g;

(4) preparing a fermentation raw fertilizer: taking 60-80 parts of any composition of fresh cassava residue, fresh fruit residue, rice hull powder and livestock manure, 10-20 parts of activated oyster shell powder and 5-20 parts of marine organism protein slurry according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 40-50% and the pH value to 6.5-7.0, adding 0.2-0.5 part of beneficial flora, uniformly mixing, naturally stacking and fermenting, naturally heating to 70 ℃ within 24 hours, then continuously fermenting for 5-10 days at the temperature of below 70 ℃ by irregularly turning over, reducing the temperature to 30-40 ℃, turning over and drying in the sun, and reducing the water content to below 30%, thus obtaining the fermented raw fertilizer; the beneficial flora comprises the following components in part by weight: 1 kg of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 0.5 kg of candida tropicalis, 0.5 kg of aspergillus oryzae, 1 kg of aspergillus niger, 0.5 kg of geotrichum candidum, 1 kg of trichoderma viride, 1 kg of pleurotus thermophilus, 0.2 kg of streptomyces jingyangensis, 0.5 kg of bacillus licheniformis, 1 kg of bacillus subtilis, 0.2 kg of lactobacillus plantarum and 0.5 kg of lactobacillus acidophilus.