CN102351592A - High-efficiency multifunctional foliage fertilizer and production method thereof - Google Patents
High-efficiency multifunctional foliage fertilizer and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102351592A CN102351592A CN201110203624XA CN201110203624A CN102351592A CN 102351592 A CN102351592 A CN 102351592A CN 201110203624X A CN201110203624X A CN 201110203624XA CN 201110203624 A CN201110203624 A CN 201110203624A CN 102351592 A CN102351592 A CN 102351592A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency multifunctional foliage fertilizer and a production method thereof. The foliage fertilizer is prepared by chelating shrimp processing leftovers, which serve as the main raw material, with medium and minor elements. The foliage fertilizer is prepared from 10-30% of amino acids, 2-8% of medium and minor elements, 10-30% of organic nitrogen, 3-20% of phosphorus, 3-20% of potassium, and 10-30% of shrimp peptide protein, chitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide, chitin, glucosamine hydrochloride, astacin and shrimp cephalin. The foliage fertilizer disclosed by the invention enhances the low-temperature tolerance, drought tolerance, salt damage tolerance, chemical damage tolerance and other stress tolerances of crops on the premise of comprehensively and efficiently supplementing necessary nutrients for crops, and has the functions of restoring the wound in the root system, enhancing the disease resistance of the crops, inhibiting disease and pest and the like. The production technique can reduce the acidolysis consumption, avoids introducing abundant inorganic salts and chloride ions to destroy soil ecological equilibrium and influence plant growth, lowers the energy consumption and requirements for equipment strength, and can implement the clean production of complete utilization and zero pollution discharge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer field, relate in particular to a kind of high-efficiency multi-function foliage fertilizer and working method thereof.
Background technology
The shrimp course of processing can produce about 35%～45% shrimp head; Tankage such as shrimp shell; Estimate that China has the shrimp processing fent that surpasses 400,000 tons every year and produces; Contain abundant protein and 18 kinds of active amino acids in the shrimp tankage; Hydrolysising amino acid content is up to more than 42%; Also contain chitin with broad-spectrum sterilization bacteriostatic action; Chitosan; Reinforced immunological function and inducing cell splitted astacin; The multiple compositions such as Calcium of intensifiens magnesium of shrimp kephalin and conditioning soil acid-base equilibrium with high trophic function value; To plant growth; Fruit quality improves; The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control; Aspect such as soil improvement and ecotope has effect unique, is a kind of wide material sources; Resourceful renewable quality protein raw material.Past; The shrimp processing fent major part of China is dropped processing; Few part is mainly used in the processing and preparing chitin; Chitin manufacturing enterprise generally adopts chemical method; Can produce the discharging of high organic waste water such as a large amount of strong acid, highly basic, ammonia nitrogen; Caused serious secondary pollution; Chitin production has at present been classified as China's emphasis contamination industry Black List; Therefore how fully efficiently to utilize the nutritive ingredient in the shrimp processing fent; And can not form secondary pollution, become focus and difficult point problem that people explore for many years.
China is large agricultural country, and annual fertilizer amount occupies first place, the world, can reach more than 100,000,000 ton.China's traditional agriculture fertilization mode has been broken in the birth of chemical fertilizer; Started agricultural fertilizer new era; Chemical fertilizer has been made huge contribution for agricultural produce, increasing peasant income in a very long time; But along with using in a large number of chemical fertilizer, cause Soil structure to destroy, fertility descends; It is bad that crop quality becomes; Utilization rate of fertilizer is low, causes agriculture production cost constantly to rise, and is obvious day by day to the destruction of ecotope simultaneously.Therefore, the novel green concentrated fertilizer that exploitation part substituted or substituted fully chemical fertilizer has become China and even global research focus and difficult point.
Amino acid fertilizer is a kind of novel green fertilizer with brand-new plant nutrition theory exploitation; Just in time tackle and solve inhibition and the soil compaction problem of chemical fertilizer to soil microorganisms; Activate soil microbial activities, keep the soil micro-ecosystem balance, make soil permeability good.It is lasting soon to have fertilizer efficiency, can directly be absorbed by plant, and nutritive validity is good, and noresidue and advantage such as improve the ecological environment meet following ecological agriculture development megatrend.At present, amino acid fertilizer on the market mainly is that the tankage with Gourmet Powder Factory are raw material, also has few part to utilize protein raw materials such as animal hair, hoof tips, leather, becomes aminoacids complex through acid hydrolysis, and with the alkali neutralization, trace element mixes in adding again.Adopt aforesaid method soda acid consumption big, N-process can be introduced a large amount of inorganic salt, and a large amount of chlorions of production process introducing simultaneously are difficult to remove, and are all unfavorable to soil and plant growth.In addition, the amino acid fertilizer of preparation is liquid state, is difficult for sticking to blade surface, and the dietetic alimentation rate is lower, and aminoacids content is lower, kind is few, the hypotrophy face, and do not possess medicinal function.
Crustaceans such as the septic smelly shrimp of some technology utilization, dead crab, locust, silkworm chrysalis prepare amino acid fertilizer in the prior art; Raw material sources are limited; And; With septic carcase is raw material; Because the Decomposition of bacterium can produce hypertoxic gases such as putrescine (butanediamine), cadaverine, production technique and product are difficult to reach environmental protection and clean requirement of producing.In addition, when producing,, on production technique, cause pre-treatment work complicated with shrimp and crab shells and the method for hydrolysis again after crustacean separates.
On the other hand, chitosan and oligochitosan production cost are high, also are applied to fertilizer field in the actual production.In addition, existing fertilizer acid and alkali hydrolysis technology makes that protein degree is low, deposition is many.And when being hydrolyzed, inevitably introduce chlorion, after this be difficult to remove, will influence the quality of fertilizer, also can cause soil pollution and crop quality to descend simultaneously with hydrochloric acid.
From prior art, find to have same preparation method to reach the report of the novel green high-efficiency multi-function foliage fertilizer product of preparation thus.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of foliage fertilizer and working method thereof with multiple efficacies, and this working method can realize cleaner production under the prerequisite that improves fertilizer function and utilization rate of fertilizer, zero disposal of pollutants.
The invention provides a kind of foliage fertilizer with multiple efficacies, this foliage fertilizer be with the shrimp processing fent be main raw material and add in trace element process.The moiety of this foliage fertilizer (weight percent) is as follows: the amino acid total content is 10%～30%; In micro-total amount be 2%～8%; Organonitrogen content is 10%～30%; Phosphorus 3%～20%; Potassium 3%～20%, shrimp peptide protein, chitosan, oligochitosan, chitin, glucosamine hydrochloride, astacin and shrimp kephalin total amount are 10%～30%.
Wherein, Middle trace element is one or more in copper, iron, manganese, calcium, magnesium, molybdenum, boron and the zinc; Preferred more than four kinds; Middle micronutrient levels is following, copper 0.01%～1%, iron 0.01%～1%, manganese 0.5%～4%, calcium 0.5%～2%, magnesium 0.5%～2%, boron 0.3%～1%, zinc 0.01～2% and molybdenum 0.01%～0.05%.The middle trace element that in chelation step, adds is the mixture of the soluble inorganic salt of above-mentioned middle trace element.Microelement match is according to micro-minimum content guarantee value in the fertilizer of american plant nutriment detection person association proposition in above-mentioned; And combine the required data that make an experiment and obtain of most of farm crop; Also can adjust the kind and the content of trace element in above-mentioned, or add trace element in other according to the characteristics of concrete crop.
Wherein, the shrimp processing fent is waste and other Crustacean processing fent after the shrimp processing such as prawn, river prawn, small lobsters.
The present invention also provides a kind of working method with foliage fertilizer of multiple efficacies; Adopt following steps; Earlier the shrimp processing fent is pulverized; Pass through acid hydrolysis and basic hydrolysis respectively; Trace element chelated forming in adding behind the mixed hydrolysis liquid; Wherein, Said basic hydrolysis step is divided two stages; It is that 10% ~ 20% potassium hydroxide is hydrolyzed that fs is used concentration; Lower concentration potassium hydroxide is depth hydrolysis's protein further; Make protein degree more than 90%, it is that 30% ~ 45% potassium hydroxide is hydrolyzed that subordinate phase is used concentration, and purpose is to be chitosan with degradation of chitin; Oligochitosan.Aforesaid method can further comprise the steps, before the shrimp processing fent is pulverized, earlier with said shrimp processing fent self-dissolving fermentation.
Aforementioned production method specifically comprises the steps:
(1) put into retort after will the shrimp processing fent pulverizing, and add 10%～30% phosphoric acid of 1～5 times of amount, and stir, 90 ℃～110 ℃ hydrolysis 8～24 hours, agitation as appropriate in the hydrolytic process was filtered, and collects filtrating;
(2) in filter residue, add 10%～20% potassium hydroxide of 1～3 times of amount, stir, 90 ℃～110 ℃ hydrolysis 2～4 hours, agitation as appropriate in the hydrolytic process was filtered, and collects filtrating;
(3) in filter residue, add potassium hydroxide, make its concentration reach 30%～45%, stir, in 90 ℃～110 ℃ hydrolysis 3～6 hours, agitation as appropriate in the hydrolytic process;
(4) respectively the hydrolyzed solution of collecting in step (1) to the step (3) is mixed; Regulating mixture pH is 6.0～8.0; And to the inorganic salt mixt that contains trace element in copper, iron, manganese, the calcium etc. that wherein adds 2%～8%; Under normal pressure, be heated to 60 ℃～90 ℃; Back flow reaction 1～2 hour; After chelatropic reaction finishes, regulate pH 3.5～8.0, obtain foliage fertilizer of the present invention.
Aforesaid method also can be placed self-dissolving 24～48 hours with the shrimp processing fent at 25～50 ℃ before the shrimp processing fent is pulverized, make its fermentation.Since contain a large amount of endogenous enzyme in the shrimp head, test shows, and fermentation under these conditions can make the consumption of subsequent step acid and alkali hydrolysis reduce about 5%.
Middle trace element in the step (5) is one or more in copper, iron, manganese, calcium, magnesium, molybdenum, boron and the zinc; Preferred more than four kinds; Addition selects for use different middle trace elements to constitute and proportioning according to crop and soil characteristic; Its overall control is 2%～8% in weight ratio, and wherein various micro-preferred contents are copper 0.01%～1%, iron 0.01%～1%, manganese 0.5%～4%, calcium 0.5%～2%, magnesium 0.5%～2%, boron 0.3%～1%, zinc 0.01～2% and molybdenum 0.01%～0.05%.The middle trace element that in chelatropic reaction, adds is the mixed solution of the soluble inorganic salt of above-mentioned middle trace element.Microelement match is according to the required data that make an experiment and obtain of most of farm crop in above-mentioned, also can adjust the kind and the content of trace element in above-mentioned according to the characteristics of concrete crop, or add trace element in other.
Wherein, the protein in the shrimp processing fent is under acidic conditions, and a part is hydrolyzed into amino acid; In further basic hydrolysis, undecomposed remaining protein further is hydrolyzed fully, obtains compositing acid solution; After this concentrated base hydrolysis is for degradation of chitin in the shrimp processing fent is become chitosan and oligochitosan.
The foliage fertilizer that the inventive method obtains is a water soluble fertilizer, has high density, is the thickness state, is prone to attached on the blade.Foliage fertilizer of the present invention also can be used for dashing through allotment to be executed.
Foliage fertilizer of the present invention has following beneficial effect and characteristics: foliage fertilizer of the present invention is from the Plant Nutrition angle; Shrimp processing fent to be rich in nutritive value is a main raw material, and hydrolyzable goes out multiple high efficiency nutritious material in hydrolytic process: materials such as shrimp peptide ammino acid, shrimp peptide protein, shrimp kephalin, chitin, chitosan, oligochitosan, astacin.And further according to the demand property and the tolerance of the regulation of fertilizer requirement of farm crop and soil characteristic and farm crop centering trace element; Seek between the trace element; Best proportioning between trace element and the amino acid; Trace element during chelating is multiple; And the pot experiment and the domestic many ground application test that pass through Different Crop; Finally confirmed can be used for the prescription of production foliage fertilizer of the present invention, be prepared into foliage fertilizer with multiple efficacies.This fertilizer compared with prior art has active height, the long characteristics of fertilizer efficiency period, and has both the immunomodulatory effect that improves crop disease-resistant insect pest ability.Simultaneously, the compound of inorganic mineral element is transformed into organic compound behind chelating amino acids, increases substantially mineral element at the intravital absorption rate of plant, has improved utilization rate of fertilizer, reduces production costs.
Further, the present invention according to the characteristics of shrimp processing fent, and through the analysis to the hydrolysis target component, makes full use of the selection of soda acid kind and concentration in the acid and alkali hydrolysis process in hydrolytic process, obtain the target chemical ingredients.Through the basic hydrolysis of two concentration, both can avoid the amino acid whose further destruction of alkali to having obtained of high density, also saved the consumption of alkali simultaneously, avoid issuable waste.In the selection of soda acid, also fully taken into account pollution, selected phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide hydrolysis for use, also can introduce phosphorus and the potassium element useful naturally farm crop to soil.The effect that simultaneously also in the combination of composition, has shown heterogeneity; Wherein, Chitosan, oligochitosan, chitin are new plant growth regulator, Plant diseases resistance inductor; Generation to plant growth, wound repair, enhancing crop resistance against diseases, the insect pest of inhibition soil-borne disease; Especially silborne fungal diseases and nematode are had the good restraining effect, result of use is better in off-season cultivation.Show that through field demonstration test septic root system grew new coring root fast after product of the present invention can make the banana waterflooding, recover growing way; On eggplant, use, can prevent that eggplant from getting sudden death disease.The adding of these three kinds of materials has not only increased the disease-resistant fungus damage effect of foliage fertilizer, and further makes the tack of fertilizer strengthen, and when spraying, can be attached to preferably on the blade face, and fertilizer efficiency period is long, can obtain result of use preferably.In addition; Through test; The inventive method can make protein degree more than 90%; Hydrolytic process makes the amino acid whose absorption that obtains accelerate more fully, can be absorbed the photosynthesis of enhancement of plant by plant fully; Impel Ye Lvgen to contain; And fertilizer utilization ratio is increased, and through the statistics in the actual application, utilization rate of fertilizer can be up to more than 90%.
Foliage fertilizer of the present invention can fundamentally improve the growing environment of crop; Under normal circumstances; Can make the gourd, fruit and vegetable raising the output more than 15%; Improve the mouthfeel and the exterior quality of fruits and vegetables; And the resistance of remarkable enhancing crop; Reduce disease and pest and take place, significant to improving agricultural product security and agricultural production and income.
The production technique of foliage fertilizer of the present invention is simple, and production cost is low, can realize the cleaner production of zero disposal of pollutants, is splendid fertilizer pollution-free, that pollution-free green food is produced, and possesses industrial scale throughput.
Foliage fertilizer provided by the invention has both resistance such as the anti-low temperature of enhancing crop, arid, salt damage, poisoning in comprehensive efficient additional crop desired nutritional, and repairs multiple functions such as root system wound, raising crop disease-resistant ability and the generation of inhibition disease and pest.Its production technique can reduce the acidolysis consumption, avoids introducing a large amount of inorganic salt and chlorion and destroys soil and infringement plant growth, cuts down the consumption of energy and to the requirement of equipment intensity, realizes utilizing fully, the cleaner production of zero disposal of pollutants.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is foliage fertilizer production process route figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Following examples will help those of ordinary skill in the art further to understand the present invention, but not limit the present invention in any form.
Embodiment 1:
Get 1 ton of fresh shrimp processing fent, place self-dissolving 24 hours at 25 ℃, fermentation.Shrimp processing fent after the fermentation is pulverized, crossed 40 mesh sieves, put into retort, adds the phosphoric acid of 3 times of amounts 20%, stir, every 100 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 24 hours at a distance from stirring in 2 hours 5 minutes, squeeze and filter after the hydrolysis, collection acid filtrate.In filter residue, add the potassium hydroxide of 2 times of amounts 20%, stir,, whenever stirred 5 minutes squeeze and filter after the hydrolysis, the alkaline filtrate of collection fs at a distance from 2 hours 100 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 4 hours.In remaining filter residue, add an amount of potassium hydroxide again; Make its concentration in filter residue reach 45%; Stir; 110 ℃ of synthesis under normal pressure 6 hours; Whenever stirred 5 minutes at a distance from 2 hours; Reaction mixes with alkaline filtrate with the acid filtrate of above-mentioned collection after finishing, and the pH value of regulating mixing solutions is between 6.0～8.0.The mixture of trace compound in the copper of adding 2%, iron, manganese, magnesium, the boron etc. is to carry out chelatropic reaction under 60 ℃ to make after 2 hours in temperature in mixed solution.
Embodiment 2:
Get 1 ton of fresh shrimp processing fent, place self-dissolving 24 hours at 25 ℃, fermentation.Shrimp processing fent after the fermentation is pulverized, crossed 40 mesh sieves, put into retort, adds the phosphoric acid of 5 times of amounts 10%, stir, every 90 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 24 hours at a distance from stirring in 2 hours 5 minutes, squeeze and filter after the hydrolysis, collection acid filtrate.In filter residue, add the potassium hydroxide of 3 times of amounts 10%, stir,, whenever stirred 5 minutes squeeze and filter after the hydrolysis, the alkaline filtrate of collection fs at a distance from 2 hours 100 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 4 hours.In remaining filter residue, add an amount of potassium hydroxide again; Make its concentration in filter residue reach 30%; Stir; 110 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 6 hours; Whenever stirred 5 minutes at a distance from 2 hours; Hydrolysis mixes with alkaline filtrate with the acid filtrate of above-mentioned collection after finishing, and the pH value of regulating mixing solutions is between 6.0～8.0.The mixture of trace compound in the copper of adding 6%, iron, manganese, magnesium, the boron etc. is to carry out chelatropic reaction under 60 ℃ to make after 2 hours in temperature in mixed solution.
Embodiment 3:
Get 1 ton of fresh shrimp processing fent, place self-dissolving 24 hours at 25 ℃, fermentation.Shrimp processing fent after the fermentation is pulverized, crossed 40 mesh sieves, put into retort, adds the phosphoric acid of 1 times of amount 30%, stir, every 90 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 8 hours at a distance from stirring in 2 hours 5 minutes, squeeze and filter after the hydrolysis, collection acid filtrate.In filter residue, add the potassium hydroxide of 1 times of amount 20%, stir,, whenever stirred 5 minutes squeeze and filter after the hydrolysis, the alkaline filtrate of collection fs at a distance from 2 hours 100 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 2 hours.In remaining filter residue, add an amount of potassium hydroxide again; Make its concentration in filter residue reach 40%; Stir; 100 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 3 hours; Whenever stirred 5 minutes at a distance from 2 hours; Hydrolysis mixes with alkaline filtrate with the acid filtrate of above-mentioned collection after finishing, and the pH value of regulating mixing solutions is between 6.0～8.0.The mixture of trace compound in the copper of adding 8%, iron, manganese, magnesium, the boron etc. is to carry out chelatropic reaction under 90 ℃ to make after 1 hour in temperature in mixed solution.
Embodiment 4:
Get 1 ton of fresh shrimp processing fent and directly pulverize, cross 40 mesh sieves, put into retort, adds the phosphoric acid of 3 times of amounts 20%, stir, every 90 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 20 hours at a distance from stirring in 2 hours 5 minutes, squeeze and filter after the hydrolysis, collection acid filtrate.In filter residue, add the potassium hydroxide of 3 times of amounts 20%, stir,, whenever stirred 5 minutes squeeze and filter after the hydrolysis, the alkaline filtrate of collection fs at a distance from 2 hours 90 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 4 hours.In remaining filter residue, add potassium hydroxide again, make its concentration reach 45%, stir,, whenever stirred 5 minutes squeeze and filter after the hydrolysis, the alkaline filtrate of collection subordinate phase at a distance from 2 hours 90 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 6 hours.The acid filtrate of above-mentioned collection is mixed with alkaline filtrate, and the pH value that makes mixing solutions is between 6.0～8.0.In mixed solution, adding 2% mixture that contains trace element among Cu, Fe, Mn, B, Zn, the Mo, is to carry out chelatropic reaction under 60 ℃ to make after 2 hours in temperature.
Embodiment 5:
Get 1 ton of fresh shrimp processing fent and directly pulverize, put into retort, add 5 times of amount phosphoric acid of 10%, stir,, whenever stirred 5 minutes squeeze and filter after the hydrolysis, collection acid filtrate at a distance from 2 hours 100 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 24 hours.In filter residue, add the potassium hydroxide of 3 times of amounts 10%, stir,, whenever stirred 5 minutes squeeze and filter after the hydrolysis, the alkaline filtrate of collection fs at a distance from 2 hours 100 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 4 hours.In remaining filter residue, add potassium hydroxide again, make its concentration reach 30%, stir,, whenever stirred 5 minutes squeeze and filter after the hydrolysis, the alkaline filtrate of collection subordinate phase at a distance from 2 hours 100 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 6 hours.The acid filtrate of above-mentioned collection is mixed with alkaline filtrate, and the pH value that makes mixing solutions is between 6.0～8.0.In mixed solution, adding 6% mixture that contains trace element among Cu, Fe, Mn, B, Zn, the Mo, is to carry out chelatropic reaction under 60 ℃ to make after 2 hours in temperature.
Embodiment 6:
Get 1 ton of fresh shrimp processing fent and directly pulverize, cross 40 mesh sieves, put into retort, adds the phosphoric acid of 1 times of amount 30%, stir, every 100 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 12 hours at a distance from stirring in 2 hours 5 minutes, squeeze and filter after the hydrolysis, collection acid filtrate.In filter residue, add the potassium hydroxide of 1 times of amount 20%, stir,, whenever stirred 5 minutes squeeze and filter after the hydrolysis, the alkaline filtrate of collection fs at a distance from 2 hours 110 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 2 hours.In remaining filter residue, add potassium hydroxide again, make its concentration reach 45%, stir,, whenever stirred 5 minutes squeeze and filter after the hydrolysis, the alkaline filtrate of collection subordinate phase at a distance from 2 hours 90 ℃ of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 3 hours.The acid filtrate of above-mentioned collection is mixed with alkaline filtrate, and the pH value that makes mixing solutions is between 6.0～8.0.In mixed solution, adding 8% mixture that contains trace element among Cu, Fe, Mn, B, Zn, Mo, the Mg, is to carry out chelatropic reaction under 60 ℃ to make after 2 hours in temperature.
Effect test one: cucumber spray test
1 materials and methods
1.1 test place: the test in Guangdong Province the Zhaoqing farmland covered by contract carry out, the penus rice soil, soil property is a light clay, middle fertility, preceding crop is a cabbage heart.
1.2 test kind: day cucumber of rock.
1.3 test design
2 processing are established in test, handle 5 mu of Yi Zhong district areas, and 2 repetitions, are handled 1 mu of two contrast area, 2 repetitions, totally 2 mu by totally 10 mu.Treatment Design is following:
Handle one: transplant the back 7 days product that climing phase, young melon phase, middle melon phase respectively spray an embodiment of the invention 1 of stretching in cucumber, whole growing sprays 3 times altogether;
Handle two: blank (respectively spraying the equivalent clear water period of spraying).
1.4 cultivation management situation
Cucumber was sowed on May 25th, 2010, and mu is planted 2500 strains, began results on July 10, and August 7, results finished.Each handles fertilising by carrying out when Viola grypoceras A. Gray high-yield culturing administrative skill: mu is executed homemade composite fertilizer (15-15-15) 35kg and is made base manure; Mu is executed homemade composite fertilizer (15-15-15) 105kg and is topdressed; Topdress branch 4 times, respectively at June 10 (seedling stage) mu execute 15kg, June 30 (initial bloom stage) mu and execute 40kg, July 14 (collection period) mu and execute 30kg, July 21 (gathering mid-term) mu and execute 20kg.
Handle one respectively on June 13rd, 2010 (stretching the climing phase), July 1 (young melon phase), July 7 (middle melon phase) respectively spraying product of the present invention one time, spraying concentration is 1:900 doubly;
Handle the clear water that spray equivalent two same periods.
2 results and analysis
2.1 spray the influence of product of the present invention to the cucumber Other Main Agronomic Characters
Observe in the test, the processing one cucumber early growth that sprays product of the present invention is good, and the middle and later periods growing way is strong, and blade is thick, the female flower growth, and cucumber is glossy, and lopsided melon obviously reduces.Visible from table 1, the cucumber individual plant that sprays product of the present invention is born fruit number than handling 1 of two increase, and amplification is 16.0%, and the average anharmonic ratio of single melon handles two increases 16.5g, amplification 8.2%; Melon directly increases 0.8cm, amplification 13.3% than handling two during results; Melon is long to increase 2.8cm, amplification 11.8% than handling two.Presentation of results sprays product of the present invention and can significantly promote cucumber growth, increases the number of bearing fruit, and increase melon footpath is thick and melon is long.
Table 1 sprays the influence of product of the present invention to the cucumber Other Main Agronomic Characters
2.2 spray the influence of product of the present invention to cucumber yield
Each marks three sub-districts, every sub-district 20m at random in demonstration area and the check plot during results
2, survey every cell production, calculate per mu yield.Visible from table 2, handle a cucumber average yield per mu 2405.7kg, than handling two per mu yield 378.9kg, raising the output 18.7%, raising the output are obviously.
Table 2 sprays the influence of product of the present invention to cucumber yield
2.3 Economic and Efficiency Analysis
The full phase of processing is sprayed product of the present invention 3 times altogether, adds up to mu to use product 250mL of the present invention, and the product input of every mu of increase is 7.0 yuan, sprays manual work and drops into 45 yuan.Handle one than handling two mu of raising the output cucumber 378.9kg, mu increases by 705.8 yuan of net return, and input-output ratio is 1:13.6, and increasing benefit is (seeing table 3) significantly.
Table 3 sprays the influence of product of the present invention to economic benefit
| Handle | Per mu yield (Kg) | Mu increases income (unit) | Mu increase expenditure (unit) | Mu increases pure receipts (unit) | Input-output ratio |
| Handle one | 2405.7 | 757.8 | 52 | 705.8 | 1:13.6 |
| Handle two | 2026.8 | / | / | / | / |
Annotate: the cucumber current rate is calculated by 2.0 yuan/kg.
Effect test two: litchi spray test
The product of the embodiment of the invention 1 is adopted in test; Test method is following: test in 2008 ~ 2009 years in Guangdong the lichee garden carry out; 5 years living imperial concubines that are chosen for the growing way basically identical laugh at litchi, establish 3 processing, handle 1 (T1): 900 times of water diluents of these article of blade spraying; Handle 2 (T2): the water diluent of 1000 times of these article of blade spraying; Contrast (CK) blade spraying clear water.Each handles 10 litchis, repeats randomized block design 3 times.The employing knapsack sprayer sprays, and the diluent consumption is every tree 4kg; Be respectively and spray before controlling the treetops and hastening blossom is plucked, every at a distance from spray in 7 days once the back of blooming sprays to picking fruit, whenever sprays once at a distance from 7 days, stops in preceding 20 days to spray to fruit harvesting, sprays once after gathering again, and sprays altogether 6 times.Thank and spend 4～6 fruit ears of back mark, write down every fringe fruitlet number; The every fringe fruit of record number before the results calculates relative percentage of fertile fruit (every fringe fruit number accounts for and thanks to the percentage of spending back every fringe fruit number during maturation).Results back record output, collection period, get 100 fruits at random and measure single fruit weight; Get 20 fruits at random and measure the pulp soluble solid content with refractometer; With titration measuring fruit juice total acid, Vitamin C content, carry out according to the method for Guan Junfeng (2001), Australia's whole month (1982), Yang Hongfu (1990) respectively.The litchi fruits grade scale adopts NY/T515-2002 country agricultural industry criteria: the imperial concubine laugh at be divided into premium grads (＜35/kg), acceptable end product (35～40/kg), goods of inferior quality (＜50/kg).
Can find out that from table 4 product of the present invention can significantly improve soluble solid content, the Vitamin C content that the imperial concubine laughs at litchi pulp, reduce Titrable acid content, improve sugar-acid ratio.Significant difference before different concns is handled.It is maximum that wherein T2 handles soluble solid content, Vitamin C content, the sugar-acid ratio raising that can make the imperial concubine laugh at lichee, improves 13.58%, 130.57% and 29.41% respectively.
Table 4 different treatment is to the influence of lichee quality
| Handle | Vc content mg/100g | Soluble solid content (%) | Titratable acid content (%) | Sugar-acid ratio (%) |
| T1 | 58.31 | 18.65 | 0.22 | 85 |
| T2 | 70.67 | 19.32 | 0.22 | 88 |
| CK | 30.65 | 17.01 | 0.25 | 68 |
| (T1-CK)/CK×100% | 90.25% | 9.64% | -12.00% | 25.00% |
| (T2-CK)/CK×100% | 130.57% | 13.58% | -12.00% | 29.41% |
Soluble solid content, Vitamin C content, sugar-acid ratio are to weigh the important indicator of fruits nutrition quality; Product of the present invention can significantly improve soluble solid content, Vitamin C content, sugar-acid ratio, has illustrated that product of the present invention can significantly improve the nutritional quality of litchi fruits.
Can know that by table 5 product of the present invention can significantly improve the imperial concubine and laugh at single fruit fresh weight and single plant yield.Wherein 1000 times of liquid (T2) treatment effect is best, compares with blank, can make the imperial concubine laugh at single fruit fresh weight and single plant yield and compare respectively according to increasing by 13.46% and 18.51%.The litchi fruits specification has reflected the high quality fruit rate of lichee, and the imperial concubine laughs at fruit specification＜35/kg and reaches the specification of excellent fruit.The product of the present invention of 2 kinds of concentration all can make the imperial concubine laugh at the ratio that lichee meets premium grads fruit specification significantly increases (seeing table 5), and the product of the present invention that has reflected 2 kinds of concentration can make the imperial concubine laugh at the high quality fruit rate and significantly improve.In addition, product of the present invention can make collection period that the imperial concubine laughs in advance, and wherein 900 times of liquid (T1) are handled with 1000 times of liquid (T2) processing and the imperial concubine laughed at reach 13 days collection period and 16 days in advance.Therefore, the product of the present invention of different concns can significantly improve the imperial concubine and laugh at single fruit fresh weight and single plant yield, improves high quality fruit rate and percentage of fertile fruit, and can make lichee reach 10～20 days collection period in advance.Between the product action effect of the present invention of different concns significant difference is arranged.
Table 5 different treatment is to the influence of lichee fruit-setting rate, fruit specification, fruit harvesting phase and output
| Handle | Percentage of fertile fruit harvesting time (%) | Fructescence (month-Ri) | The fruit specification (grain/kg) | Single fruit weight (g) | Single plant yield (kg) |
| T1 | 30.93 | 05-28 | 34.2 | 28.84 | 22.78 |
| T2 | 42.63 | 05-25 | 32.2 | 30.18 | 24.65 |
| CK | 18.05 | 06-10 | 35.8 | 26.60 | 20.90 |
| (T1-CK)/CK×100% | 71.36% | 13 days in advance | -4.47% | 8.42% | 9.52% |
| (T2-CK)/CK×100% | 136.18% | 16 days in advance | -10.06% | 13.46% | 18.51% |
Product of the present invention can significantly improve the imperial concubine and laugh at the lichee percentage of fertile fruit, and wherein the T2 treatment effect is best, compares with blank, can improve percentage of fertile fruit 136.18%.
The test-results of consolidated statement 4, table 5 can know that product of the present invention can significantly improve the fruit quality that the imperial concubine laughs at lichee, improves fruit commodity value, uses product of the present invention can increase production about 15% simultaneously, can significantly improve orchard worker's income.
Claims (10)
1. high-efficiency multi-function foliage fertilizer; It is characterized in that; Said foliage fertilizer be with the shrimp processing fent be main raw material and add in trace element process; The moiety of said foliage fertilizer is following: the amino acid total content is 10%～30%; In micro-total amount be 2%～8%, organonitrogen content is 10%～30%, phosphorus 3%～20%; Potassium 3%～20%, shrimp peptide protein, chitosan, oligochitosan, chitin, glucosamine hydrochloride, astacin and shrimp kephalin total amount are 10%～30%.
2. foliage fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said middle trace element is one or more in copper, iron, manganese, calcium, magnesium, molybdenum, boron and the zinc.
3. foliage fertilizer as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that said middle trace element and content thereof are copper 0.01%～1%, iron 0.01%～1%, manganese 0.5%～4%, calcium 0.5%～2%, magnesium 0.5%～2%, boron 0.3%～1%, zinc 0.01～2% and molybdenum 0.01%～0.05%.
4. the working method of a high-efficiency multi-function foliage fertilizer; It is characterized in that; Said method adopts following steps: earlier the shrimp processing fent is pulverized; Pass through acid hydrolysis and basic hydrolysis respectively; Trace element chelated forming in adding behind the mixed hydrolysis liquid, wherein, said basic hydrolysis step is divided two stages; It is that 10%～20% potassium hydroxide is hydrolyzed that fs is used concentration, and it is that 30%～45% potassium hydroxide is hydrolyzed that subordinate phase is used concentration.
5. method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, further is included in before the shrimp processing fent pulverizes, earlier with said shrimp processing fent self-dissolving fermentation.
6. the working method of a high-efficiency multi-function foliage fertilizer is characterized in that, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) put into retort after will the shrimp processing fent pulverizing, and add 10%～30% phosphoric acid of 1～5 times of amount, and stir, 90 ℃～110 ℃ hydrolysis 8～24 hours, agitation as appropriate in the hydrolytic process was filtered, and collects filtrating;
(2) filter residue of in (1), collecting adds 10%～20% potassium hydroxide of 1～3 times of amount, stirs, and 90 ℃～110 ℃ hydrolysis 2～8 hours, agitation as appropriate in the hydrolytic process was filtered, and collects filtrating;
(3) add 30%～45% potassium hydroxide of 1～3 times of amount in the filter residue of in (2), collecting, stir, in 90 ℃～110 ℃ hydrolysis 3～6 hours, agitation as appropriate in the hydrolytic process;
(4) respectively the hydrolyzed solution of collecting in step (1) to the step (3) is mixed; Regulating mixture pH is 6.0～8.0; And to the inorganic salt mixt that contains trace element in copper, iron, manganese, the calcium etc. that wherein adds 2%～8%; Under normal pressure, be heated to 60 ℃～90 ℃; Back flow reaction 1～2 hour; After chelatropic reaction finishes, regulate pH 3.5～8.0, obtain foliage fertilizer of the present invention.
7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the middle trace element in the said step (4) is one or more in copper, iron, manganese, calcium, magnesium, molybdenum, boron and the zinc.
8. method as claimed in claim 6; It is characterized in that; Trace element and content thereof are copper 0.01%～1%, iron 0.01%～1%, manganese 0.5%～4%, calcium 0.5%～2%, magnesium 0.5%～2%, boron 0.3%～1%, zinc 0.01～2% and molybdenum 0.01%～0.05% in said.
9. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, pulverizes to take a step forward at said step shrimp processing fent to comprise fermentation step, and be that the shrimp processing fent is placed self-dissolving 24～48 hours at 25～50 ℃.
10. the fertilizer that the described method of arbitrary claim obtains in the claim 4 to 9.
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| CN106350073A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2017-01-25 | 湛江市博泰生物化工科技实业有限公司 | Soil conditioner based on oyster shell powder and marine polysaccharides and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106748343A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-05-31 | 烟台固特丽生物科技股份有限公司 | It is prepared by a kind of crop nutrient solution containing chitosan oligosaccharide chelated iron zinc |
| CN106748215A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 汤广顺 | A kind of special paste foliage fertilizer additives of pear tree for adding rare earth modified shitosan |
| CN106748214A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 汤广顺 | A kind of sulfydryl humin suppresses the pear tree Paste Foliage Fertilizer additive of Metal uptake |
| CN108383553A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-08-10 | 浙江新安化工集团股份有限公司 | A kind of fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof containing middle trace element |
| CN109180250A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-11 | 威海迪普森生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method that the phosphorus potassium method of the useless complete utilization of nothing prepares foliar fertilizer |
| CN112174724A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-05 | 陈景河 | Marine biological fertilizer capable of improving crop immunity |
| CN114736063A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-07-12 | 华南农业大学 | Preparation and application of flower promoting foliar fertilizer special for litchi |
| CN115572197A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-01-06 | 山东农大肥业科技股份有限公司 | Liquid fertilizer for crop rapid rooting and seedling raising and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN105831430A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-10 | 湛江市博泰生物化工科技实业有限公司 | Marine polysaccharide composition for earthworm ecological management or culture and preparation method thereof |
| CN106007936A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-10-12 | 兴邦（武汉）生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method and application of leaf fertilizer composition |
| CN106350073B (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2019-03-19 | 湛江市博泰生物化工科技实业有限公司 | A kind of soil conditioner and preparation method thereof based on oyster shell powder and marine polysaccharide |
| CN106350073A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2017-01-25 | 湛江市博泰生物化工科技实业有限公司 | Soil conditioner based on oyster shell powder and marine polysaccharides and preparation method thereof |
| CN106613648A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-10 | 全椒凤巢植保专业合作社 | Seedling cultivation method of huangshan koelreuteria paniculata laxm |
| CN106748215A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 汤广顺 | A kind of special paste foliage fertilizer additives of pear tree for adding rare earth modified shitosan |
| CN106748214A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 汤广顺 | A kind of sulfydryl humin suppresses the pear tree Paste Foliage Fertilizer additive of Metal uptake |
| CN106748343A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-05-31 | 烟台固特丽生物科技股份有限公司 | It is prepared by a kind of crop nutrient solution containing chitosan oligosaccharide chelated iron zinc |
| CN108383553A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-08-10 | 浙江新安化工集团股份有限公司 | A kind of fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof containing middle trace element |
| CN109180250A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-11 | 威海迪普森生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method that the phosphorus potassium method of the useless complete utilization of nothing prepares foliar fertilizer |
| CN112174724A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-05 | 陈景河 | Marine biological fertilizer capable of improving crop immunity |
| CN114736063A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-07-12 | 华南农业大学 | Preparation and application of flower promoting foliar fertilizer special for litchi |
| CN115572197A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-01-06 | 山东农大肥业科技股份有限公司 | Liquid fertilizer for crop rapid rooting and seedling raising and preparation method and application thereof |
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