CN102351592B - High-efficiency multifunctional foliage fertilizer and production method thereof - Google Patents
High-efficiency multifunctional foliage fertilizer and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
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Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency multifunctional foliage fertilizer and a production method thereof. The foliage fertilizer is prepared by chelating shrimp processing leftovers, which serve as the main raw material, with medium and minor elements. The foliage fertilizer is prepared from 10-30% of amino acids, 2-8% of medium and minor elements, 10-30% of organic nitrogen, 3-20% of phosphorus, 3-20% of potassium, and 10-30% of shrimp peptide protein, chitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide, chitin, glucosamine hydrochloride, astacin and shrimp cephalin. The foliage fertilizer disclosed by the invention enhances the low-temperature tolerance, drought tolerance, salt damage tolerance, chemical damage tolerance and other stress tolerances of crops on the premise of comprehensively and efficiently supplementing necessary nutrients for crops, and has the functions of restoring the wound in the root system, enhancing the disease resistance of the crops, inhibiting disease and pest and the like. The production technique can reduce the acidolysis consumption, avoids introducing abundant inorganic salts and chloride ions to destroy soil ecological equilibrium and influence plant growth, lowers the energy consumption and requirements for equipment strength, and can implement the clean production of complete utilization and zero pollution discharge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer field, particularly relate to a kind of high-efficiency multifunctional foliage fertilizer and production method thereof.
Background technology
The shrimp course of processing can produce the shrimp head of about 35% ~ 45%, the tankage such as shrimp shell, estimate that the shrimp processing fent that China has every year more than 400,000 tons produces, containing abundant protein and 18 kinds of active amino acids in shrimping beam trawl, hydrolysising amino acid content is up to more than 42%, also containing the chitin with broad-spectrum sterilization bacteriostatic action, chitosan, the astacin of reinforced immunological function and inducing cell division, the multiple compositions that there is high trophic function and be worth such as the Calcium of intensifiens magnesium of shrimp kephalin and conditioning soil acid-base equilibrium, to plant growth, fruit quality improves, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the aspect such as soil improvement and ecotope has effect unique, a kind of wide material sources, resourceful renewable quality protein raw material.Past, the shrimp processing fent major part of China is dropped process, small part is mainly used in processing and prepares chitin, chitin manufacturing enterprise generally adopts chemical method, the discharge of the high organic waste water such as a large amount of strong acid, highly basic, ammonia nitrogen can be produced, cause serious secondary pollution, current chitin is produced and has been listed in China's emphasis contamination industry Black List, therefore the nutritive ingredient how fully in efficiency utilization shrimp processing fent, and can not secondary pollution be formed, become focus and difficulties that people explore for many years.
China is large agricultural country, and occupying first place in the world in annual fertilizer amount position, can reach more than 100,000,000 ton.China's traditional agriculture fertilization mode has been broken in the birth of chemical fertilizer, start agricultural fertilizer new era, chemical fertilizer is agricultural produce in a very long time, huge contribution has been made in increasing peasant income, but along with using in a large number of chemical fertilizer, cause Soil structure to destroy, fertility declines, crop quality becomes bad, utilization rate of fertilizer is low, causes agriculture production cost constantly to rise, simultaneously day by day obvious to the destruction of ecotope.Therefore, the novel green concentrated fertilizer developing Some substitute or complete replacing fertilizer has become China and even global study hotspot and difficult point.
Amino acid fertilizer is with a kind of novel green fertilizer of brand-new plant nutrition theory exploitation, just in time tackle and solve chemical fertilizer to the suppression of soil microorganisms and soil compaction problem, activate soil microbial activities, keep soil micro-ecosystem balance, make soil permeability good.Have fertilizer efficiency lasting soon, directly can be absorbed by plant, nutritive validity is good, and noresidue and the advantage such as to improve the ecological environment, meet following ecological agriculture development megatrend.At present, amino acid fertilizer on the market mainly with the tankage of Gourmet Powder Factory for raw material, also have small part to utilize the protein raw materials such as animal hair, hoof tips, leather, become aminoacids complex by acid hydrolysis, with alkali neutralization, then add medium trace element and mix.Adopt aforesaid method soda acid consumption large, N-process can introduce a large amount of inorganic salt, and a large amount of chlorions that production process is introduced simultaneously are difficult to remove, to soil and plant growth all unfavorable.In addition, the amino acid fertilizer of preparation is liquid state, not easily sticks to blade surface, and nutrition absorption rate is lower, and aminoacids content compared with low, kind is few, not comprehensive nutrition, and does not possess medicinal function.
The crustacean Preparation of amino acid fertilizer such as the smelly shrimp that in prior art, some technology utilization rots, dead crab, locust, silkworm chrysalis, raw material sources are limited, and, with the carcase of rotting for raw material, Decomposition due to bacterium can produce the hypertoxic gases such as putrescine (butanediamine), cadaverine, and production technique and product are difficult to the requirement reaching environmental protection and clear production.In addition, the method be hydrolyzed again after being separated with crustacean by shrimp and crab shells when producing, production technique causes pre-treatment work complicated.
On the other hand, chitosan and oligochitosan production cost high, be also applied to fertilizer field in actual production.In addition, existing fertilizer acid and alkali hydrolysis technique make protein degree low, precipitation many.And when being hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid, inevitably introducing chlorion, being after this difficult to remove, the quality of fertilizer will be affected, soil pollution and crop quality also can be caused simultaneously to decline.
From the prior art, the report of novel green high-efficiency multifunctional foliage fertilizer product finding no same preparation method and prepare thus.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of foliage fertilizer and the production method thereof with multiple efficacies, and this production method can realize cleaner production under the prerequisite improving fertilizer function and utilization rate of fertilizer, and no pollution discharges.
The invention provides a kind of production method with the foliage fertilizer of multiple efficacies, adopt following steps, first shrimp processing fent is pulverized, respectively through acid hydrolysis and basic hydrolysis, add medium trace element chelating after mixed hydrolysis liquid to form, wherein, described base hydrolysis step divides two stages, first stage concentration be 10% ~ 20% potassium hydroxide be hydrolyzed, low-concentration hydrogen potassium oxide can depth hydrolysis's protein further, make protein degree more than 90%, subordinate phase concentration be 30% ~ 45% potassium hydroxide be hydrolyzed, object is chitosan by degradation of chitin, oligochitosan.Aforesaid method can comprise the steps further, before shrimp processing fent is pulverized, first by described shrimp processing fent self-dissolving fermentation.
Aforementioned production method specifically comprises the steps:
(1) put into retort after being pulverized by shrimp processing fent, add the phosphoric acid of 10% ~ 30% of 1 ~ 5 times amount, stir, 90 DEG C ~ 110 DEG C hydrolysis 8 ~ 24 hours, agitation as appropriate in hydrolytic process, filtered, and collects filtrate;
(2) in filter residue, add 10% ~ 20% potassium hydroxide of 1 ~ 3 times amount, stir, 90 DEG C ~ 110 DEG C hydrolysis 2 ~ 4 hours, agitation as appropriate in hydrolytic process, filtered, and collects filtrate;
(3) in filter residue, add potassium hydroxide, make its concentration reach 30% ~ 45%, stir, 90 DEG C ~ 110 DEG C hydrolysis 3 ~ 6 hours, agitation as appropriate in hydrolytic process;
(4) respectively the hydrolyzed solution collected in step (1) to step (3) is mixed, mixture pH is regulated to be 6.0 ~ 8.0, and add the inorganic salt mixt containing medium trace element of 2% ~ 8% wherein, be heated to 60 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C at ambient pressure, back flow reaction 1 ~ 2 hour, after chelatropic reaction terminates, regulate pH 3.5 ~ 8.0, obtain foliage fertilizer.
Shrimp processing fent also before shrimp processing fent is pulverized, can be placed self-dissolving 24 ~ 48 hours at 25 ~ 50 DEG C, makes it ferment by aforesaid method.Owing to containing a large amount of endogenous enzyme in shrimp head, test shows, fermentation under these conditions, and the consumption of subsequent step acid and alkali hydrolysis can be made to reduce about 5%.
Medium trace element in step (5) is one or more in copper, iron, manganese, calcium, magnesium, molybdenum, boron and zinc, preferably more than four kinds, addition selects different medium trace element to form and proportioning according to crop and soil characteristic, its overall control is 2% ~ 8% in weight ratio, and wherein various micro-preferred content is copper 0.01% ~ 1%, iron 0.01% ~ 1%, manganese 0.5% ~ 4%, calcium 0.5% ~ 2%, magnesium 0.5% ~ 2%, boron 0.3% ~ 1%, zinc 0.01 ~ 2% and molybdenum 0.01% ~ 0.05%.The medium trace element added in chelatropic reaction is the mixed solution of the soluble inorganic salt of above-mentioned medium trace element.Above-mentioned medium trace element proportioning carries out testing the data obtained needed for most of farm crop, also can adjust the kind of above-mentioned medium trace element and content according to the feature of concrete crop, or add other medium trace element.
Wherein, in acid condition, a part is hydrolyzed into amino acid to the protein in shrimp processing fent; In further basic hydrolysis, undecomposed remaining protein is hydrolyzed completely further, obtains compositing acid solution; After this concentrated base hydrolysis is in order to degradation of chitin in shrimp processing fent is become chitosan and oligochitosan.
The foliage fertilizer that the inventive method obtains is water soluble fertilizer, has high density, is viscous pasty state, is easily attached on blade.Foliage fertilizer of the present invention also can be used for punching through allotment to be executed.
Foliage fertilizer of the present invention has following beneficial effect and feature: foliage fertilizer of the present invention is from Plant Nutrition angle, to be rich in the shrimp processing fent of nutritive value for main raw material, in hydrolytic process, hydrolyzable goes out multiple high efficiency nutritious material: the materials such as shrimp peptide ammino acid, shrimp peptide protein, shrimp kephalin, chitin, chitosan, oligochitosan, astacin.And further according to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of farm crop and soil characteristic and farm crop to the demand property of medium trace element and tolerance, find between trace element, optimum proportioning between trace element and amino acid, the multiple medium trace element of chelating, and pass through pot experiment and domestic many ground application test of Different Crop, finally determine the formula that can be used for production foliage fertilizer of the present invention, be prepared into the foliage fertilizer with multiple efficacies.This fertilizer compared with prior art, has the advantages that activity is high, fertilizer efficiency period is long, and has both the immunomodulatory effect improving crop disease-resistant insect pest ability.Meanwhile, the compound of inorganic mineral element is transformed into organic compound after chelating amino acids, increases substantially the absorption rate of mineral element in plant materials, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, reduces production cost.
Further, the present invention in hydrolytic process according to the feature of shrimp processing fent, and by hydrolysis target component analysis, make full use of the selection of nature of acid and base sites and concentration in acid and alkali hydrolysis process, obtain target chemical composition.By the basic hydrolysis of two concentration, the alkali of high density both can be avoided the amino acid whose further destruction obtained, also saved the consumption of alkali simultaneously, avoid issuable waste.The selection of soda acid also fully takes into account the pollution to soil, has selected phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide hydrolysis, also can naturally introduce the useful phosphorus of farm crop and potassium element.Also in the combination of composition, show the effect of heterogeneity simultaneously, wherein, chitosan, oligochitosan, chitin are new plant growth regulator, Plant diseases resistance inductor, to the generation of plant growth, wound repair, enhancing crop disease-resistant ability, the insect pest of suppression soil-borne disease, have good restraining effect to silborne fungal diseases and nematode especially, in off-season cultivation, result of use is better.Show through field demonstration test, the root system rotted after product of the present invention can make banana waterflooding grows new coring root fast, recovers growing way; Eggplant uses, can prevent eggplant from obtaining sudden death disease.These three kinds of materials add the disease-resistant fungus damage effect not only increasing foliage fertilizer, and make the tack of fertilizer strengthen further, can be attached on blade face preferably when spraying, fertilizer efficiency period be long, can obtain good result of use.In addition, through test, the inventive method can make protein degree more than 90%, hydrolytic process makes the amino acid whose absorption obtained accelerate more fully, can be absorbed completely, strengthen the photosynthesis of plant by plant, Ye Lvgen is impelled to contain, and make the utilization ratio of fertilizer increase, the statistics in actual application, utilization rate of fertilizer can up to more than 90%.
Foliage fertilizer of the present invention fundamentally can improve the growing environment of crop, under normal circumstances, gourd, fruit and vegetable can be made to increase production more than 15%, improve mouthfeel and the exterior quality of fruits and vegetables, and significantly strengthen the resistance of crop, reduce disease and pest occur, to raising agricultural product security and agricultural production and income significant.
The production technique of foliage fertilizer of the present invention is simple, and production cost is low, can realize the cleaner production of no pollution discharge, is splendid fertilizer that is pollution-free, pollution-free green food production, and possesses scale industrialization throughput.
Foliage fertilizer provided by the invention, while efficiently supplementing crop desired nutritional, has both resistance such as strengthening the anti-low temperature of crop, arid, salt damage, poisoning comprehensively, and repairs root system wound, raising crop disease-resistant ability and suppress the several functions such as disease and pest generation.Its production technique can reduce acidolysis consumption, avoids introducing a large amount of inorganic salt and chlorion spoiled soil and damaging plant growth, reduces energy consumption and the requirement to equipment intensity, realizes the cleaner production of utilization completely, no pollution discharge.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is foliage fertilizer production process route figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Following examples will contribute to those of ordinary skill in the art and understand the present invention further, but not limit the present invention in any form.
Embodiment 1:
Get 1 ton of fresh shrimp processing fent, place self-dissolving 24 hours at 25 DEG C, fermentation.Shrimp processing fent after fermentation is pulverized, crosses 40 mesh sieves, put into retort, add the phosphoric acid of 3 times amount 20%, stir, 100 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 24 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, squeeze and filter after hydrolysis, collect acid filtrate.In filter residue, add the potassium hydroxide of 2 times amount 20%, stir, 100 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 4 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, squeeze and filter after hydrolysis, collect the alkaline filtrate of first stage.Appropriate potassium hydroxide is added again in remaining filter residue, its concentration in filter residue is made to reach 45%, stir, 110 DEG C of synthesis under normal pressure 6 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, after reaction terminates, mix with alkaline filtrate with the acid filtrate of above-mentioned collection, regulate the pH value of mixing solutions between 6.0 ~ 8.0.In mixed solution, add the mixture of the medium trace element compounds such as the copper of 2%, iron, manganese, magnesium, boron, at temperature is 60 DEG C, carries out chelatropic reaction obtains after 2 hours.
Embodiment 2:
Get 1 ton of fresh shrimp processing fent, place self-dissolving 24 hours at 25 DEG C, fermentation.Shrimp processing fent after fermentation is pulverized, crosses 40 mesh sieves, put into retort, add the phosphoric acid of 5 times amount 10%, stir, 90 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 24 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, squeeze and filter after hydrolysis, collect acid filtrate.In filter residue, add the potassium hydroxide of 3 times amount 10%, stir, 100 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 4 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, squeeze and filter after hydrolysis, collect the alkaline filtrate of first stage.Appropriate potassium hydroxide is added again in remaining filter residue, its concentration in filter residue is made to reach 30%, stir, 110 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 6 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, after hydrolysis terminates, mix with alkaline filtrate with the acid filtrate of above-mentioned collection, regulate the pH value of mixing solutions between 6.0 ~ 8.0.In mixed solution, add the mixture of the medium trace element compounds such as the copper of 6%, iron, manganese, magnesium, boron, at temperature is 60 DEG C, carries out chelatropic reaction obtains after 2 hours.
Embodiment 3:
Get 1 ton of fresh shrimp processing fent, place self-dissolving 24 hours at 25 DEG C, fermentation.Shrimp processing fent after fermentation is pulverized, crosses 40 mesh sieves, put into retort, add the phosphoric acid of 1 times amount 30%, stir, 90 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 8 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, squeeze and filter after hydrolysis, collect acid filtrate.In filter residue, add the potassium hydroxide of 1 times amount 20%, stir, 100 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 2 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, squeeze and filter after hydrolysis, collect the alkaline filtrate of first stage.Appropriate potassium hydroxide is added again in remaining filter residue, its concentration in filter residue is made to reach 40%, stir, 100 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 3 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, after hydrolysis terminates, mix with alkaline filtrate with the acid filtrate of above-mentioned collection, regulate the pH value of mixing solutions between 6.0 ~ 8.0.In mixed solution, add the mixture of the medium trace element compounds such as the copper of 8%, iron, manganese, magnesium, boron, at temperature is 90 DEG C, carries out chelatropic reaction obtains after 1 hour.
Embodiment 4:
Get 1 ton of fresh shrimp processing fent directly to pulverize, cross 40 mesh sieves, put into retort, add the phosphoric acid of 3 times amount 20%, stir, 90 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 20 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, squeeze and filter after hydrolysis, collect acid filtrate.In filter residue, add the potassium hydroxide of 3 times amount 20%, stir, 90 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 4 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, squeeze and filter after hydrolysis, collect the alkaline filtrate of first stage.In remaining filter residue, add potassium hydroxide again, make its concentration reach 45%, stir, 90 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 6 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, squeeze and filter after hydrolysis, collect the alkaline filtrate of subordinate phase.The acid filtrate of above-mentioned collection is mixed with alkaline filtrate, makes the pH value of mixing solutions between 6.0 ~ 8.0.In mixed solution, add the mixture that 2% contains Cu, Fe, Mn, B, Zn, Mo medium trace element, at temperature is 60 DEG C, carries out chelatropic reaction obtains after 2 hours.
Embodiment 5:
Get 1 ton of fresh shrimp processing fent directly to pulverize, put into retort, add the phosphoric acid of 5 times amount 10%, stir, 100 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 24 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, squeeze and filter after hydrolysis, collect acid filtrate.In filter residue, add the potassium hydroxide of 3 times amount 10%, stir, 100 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 4 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, squeeze and filter after hydrolysis, collect the alkaline filtrate of first stage.In remaining filter residue, add potassium hydroxide again, make its concentration reach 30%, stir, 100 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 6 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, squeeze and filter after hydrolysis, collect the alkaline filtrate of subordinate phase.The acid filtrate of above-mentioned collection is mixed with alkaline filtrate, makes the pH value of mixing solutions between 6.0 ~ 8.0.In mixed solution, add the mixture that 6% contains Cu, Fe, Mn, B, Zn, Mo medium trace element, at temperature is 60 DEG C, carries out chelatropic reaction obtains after 2 hours.
Embodiment 6:
Get 1 ton of fresh shrimp processing fent directly to pulverize, cross 40 mesh sieves, put into retort, add the phosphoric acid of 1 times amount 30%, stir, 100 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 12 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, squeeze and filter after hydrolysis, collect acid filtrate.In filter residue, add the potassium hydroxide of 1 times amount 20%, stir, 110 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 2 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, squeeze and filter after hydrolysis, collect the alkaline filtrate of first stage.In remaining filter residue, add potassium hydroxide again, make its concentration reach 45%, stir, 90 DEG C of ordinary-pressure hydrolysis 3 hours, stirred 5 minutes every 2 hours, squeeze and filter after hydrolysis, collect the alkaline filtrate of subordinate phase.The acid filtrate of above-mentioned collection is mixed with alkaline filtrate, makes the pH value of mixing solutions between 6.0 ~ 8.0.In mixed solution, add the mixture that 8% contains Cu, Fe, Mn, B, Zn, Mo, Mg medium trace element, at temperature is 60 DEG C, carries out chelatropic reaction obtains after 2 hours.
Effect test one: cucumber spray test
1 materials and methods
1.1 test sites: test and carry out in Zhaoqing City of Guangdong Province farmland covered by contract, penus rice soil, soil property is light clay, middle fertility, and preceding crop is cabbage heart.
1.2 test kinds: sky rock cucumber.
1.3 test design
2 process are established in test, district's area 5 mu in process one, 2 repetitions, totally 10 mu, process two contrast area 1 mu, 2 repetitions, totally 2 mu.Treatment Design is as follows:
Process one: in cucumber transplant latter 7 days stretch the climing phase, product that young melon phase, middle melon phase respectively spray an embodiment of the present invention 1, whole breeding time sprays 3 times altogether;
Process two: blank (respectively spray and spray equivalent clear water period).
1.4 cultivation management situations
Cucumber was sowed on May 25th, 2010, and mu plants 2500 strains, started results on July 10, and August 7, results were complete.Each process fertilising is undertaken by local Cucumber High-yield Culture administrative skill: mu is executed domestic composite fertilizer (15-15-15) 35kg and made base manure, mu is executed domestic composite fertilizer (15-15-15) 105kg and is topdressed, topdress points for 4 times, execute 15kg respectively at June 10 (seedling stage) mu, June 30 (initial bloom stage) mu executes 40kg, July 14 (collection period) mu executes 30kg, July 21 (gathering mid-term) mu executes 20kg.
Process one respectively sprays a product of the present invention respectively on June 13rd, 2010 (stretching the climing phase), July 1 (young melon phase), July 7 (middle melon phase), and spraying concentration is 1:900 doubly;
Process the clear water that two same periods sprayed equivalent.
2 results and analysis
2.1 spray the impact of product of the present invention on Major Agronomic Characters in Cucumber
Observe in test, the process one cucumber early growth spraying product of the present invention is good, and middle and later periods growing way is strengthened, and blade is thick, and female flower grows, and cucumber is glossy, and lopsided melon obviously reduces.As seen from Table 1, the cucumber individual plant spraying product of the present invention number of bearing fruit increases by 1 than process two, and amplification is 16.0%, and the average anharmonic ratio process two of single melon increases 16.5g, amplification 8.2%; During results, melon footpath increases 0.8cm than process two, amplification 13.3%; Melon length increases 2.8cm than process two, amplification 11.8%.Result illustrates, spraying product of the present invention significantly can promote cucumber growth, increases number of bearing fruit, and increase melon footpath is thick and melon is long.
Table 1 sprays the impact of product of the present invention on Major Agronomic Characters in Cucumber
2.2 spray the impact of product of the present invention on cucumber yield
Respectively in demonstration area and check plot during results mark three communities at random, every community 20m
2, survey every cell production, calculate per mu yield.As seen from Table 2, process a cucumber average yield per mu 2405.7kg, than process two per mu yield 378.9kg, volume increase 18.7%, volume increase obviously.
Table 2 sprays the impact of product of the present invention on cucumber yield
2.3 Economic and Efficiency Analysis
The one full phase of process sprays product of the present invention 3 times altogether, adds up to mu to use product 250mL of the present invention, and it is 7.0 yuan that every mu of product increased drops into, and sprays and manually drops into 45 yuan.Process one is than process two mu volume increase cucumber 378.9kg, and mu increases net return 705.8 yuan, and input-output ratio is 1:13.6, and increasing benefit significantly (see table 3).
Table 3 sprays the impact of product of the present invention on economic benefit
| Process | Per mu yield (Kg) | Mu increases income (unit) | Mu increases expenditure (unit) | Mu increases pure receipts (unit) | Input-output ratio |
| Process one | 2405.7 | 757.8 | 52 | 705.8 | 1:13.6 |
| Process two | 2026.8 | / | / | / | / |
Note: cucumber current rate calculates by 2.0 yuan/kg.
Effect test two: litchi spray test
Test adopts the product of the embodiment of the present invention 1, test method is as follows: test and carried out at Guangdong Litchi Garden in 2008 ~ 2009 years, be chosen for growing way basically identical 5 years raw Feizixiao Litchi trees, if 3 process, process 1 (T1): blade spraying this product 900 times of water diluents; Process 2 (T2): the water diluent of blade spraying 1000 times of this product; Contrast (CK) blade spraying clear water.Each process 10 litchis, repeat 3 times, randomized block design.Employing knapsack sprayer sprays, and diluent consumption is every tree 4kg; Be respectively before controlling the treetops and hastening blossom is plucked and spray, every spray in 7 days once, spray before Post flowering to picking fruit, every spray in 7 days once, to fruit harvesting first 20 days stop-sprayings, spray again once after gathering, spray 6 times altogether.Thank and spend rear mark 4 ~ 6 fruit ears, record every fringe fruitlet number; Record every fringe fruit number before results, calculate relative percentage of fertile fruit (time ripe, every fringe fruit number accounts for the percentage of thanking and spending rear every fringe fruit number).Record output, collection period after results, get 100 fruits at random and measure single fruit weight; Get 20 fruit refractometers at random and measure pulp soluble solid content; With titration measuring fruit juice total acid, Vitamin C content, carry out according to the method for Guan Junfeng (2001), Australia's whole month (1982), Yang Hongfu (1990) respectively.Litchi fruits grade scale adopts NY/T515-2002 National agricultural industry standard: cv. Feizixiao is divided into premium grads (< 35/kg), acceptable end product (35 ~ 40/kg), goods of inferior quality (< 50/kg).
As can be seen from Table 4, product of the present invention can significantly improve soluble solid content, the Vitamin C content of Feizixiao Litchi pulp, reduces Titrable acid content, improves sugar-acid ratio.Significant difference before different concns process.Wherein T2 process can make the soluble solid content of Feizixiao Litchi, Vitamin C content, sugar-acid ratio improve at most, improves 13.58%, 130.57% and 29.41% respectively.
Table 4 different treatment is on the impact of lichee quality
| Process | Vc content mg/100g | Soluble solid content (%) | Titratable acid content (%) | Sugar-acid ratio (%) |
| T1 | 58.31 | 18.65 | 0.22 | 85 |
| T2 | 70.67 | 19.32 | 0.22 | 88 |
| CK | 30.65 | 17.01 | 0.25 | 68 |
| (T1-CK)/CK×100% | 90.25% | 9.64% | -12.00% | 25.00% |
| (T2-CK)/CK×100% | 130.57% | 13.58% | -12.00% | 29.41% |
Soluble solid content, Vitamin C content, sugar-acid ratio weigh the important indicator of fruits nutrition quality, product of the present invention can significantly improve soluble solid content, Vitamin C content, sugar-acid ratio, describes the nutritional quality that product of the present invention significantly can improve litchi fruits.
As shown in Table 5, product of the present invention can significantly improve cv. Feizixiao single fruit fresh weight and single plant yield.Wherein 1000 times of liquid (T2) treatment effects are best, compared with blank, can make cv. Feizixiao single fruit fresh weight and single plant yield respectively than contrast increase by 13.46% and 18.51%.Litchi fruits specification reflects the high quality fruit rate of lichee, and cv. Feizixiao fruit specification < 35/kg reaches the specification of excellent fruit.The ratio that the product of the present invention of 2 kinds of concentration all can make Feizixiao Litchi meet premium grads fruit specification significantly increases (see table 5), and the product of the present invention reflecting 2 kinds of concentration can make cv. Feizixiao high quality fruit rate significantly improve.In addition, product of the present invention can make the collection period of cv. Feizixiao in advance, and wherein 900 times of liquid (T1) process and 1000 times of liquid (T2) process can make cv. Feizixiao reach 13 days collection period and 16 days in advance respectively.Therefore, the product of the present invention of different concns can significantly improve cv. Feizixiao single fruit fresh weight and single plant yield, improves high quality fruit rate and percentage of fertile fruit, and lichee can be made to reach 10 ~ 20 days collection period in advance.Significant difference is had between the product action effect of the present invention of different concns.
Table 5 different treatment is on the impact of lichee fruit-setting rate, fruit specification, fruit harvesting phase and output
| Process | Percentage of fertile fruit harvesting time (%) | Fructescence (moon-) | Fruit specification (grain/kg) | Single fruit weight (g) | Single plant yield (kg) |
| T1 | 30.93 | 05-28 | 34.2 | 28.84 | 22.78 |
| T2 | 42.63 | 05-25 | 32.2 | 30.18 | 24.65 |
| CK | 18.05 | 06-10 | 35.8 | 26.60 | 20.90 |
| (T1-CK)/CK×100% | 71.36% | 13 days in advance | -4.47% | 8.42% | 9.52% |
| (T2-CK)/CK×100% | 136.18% | 16 days in advance | -10.06% | 13.46% | 18.51% |
Product of the present invention can significantly improve Feizixiao Litchi percentage of fertile fruit, and wherein T2 treatment effect is best, compared with blank, can improve percentage of fertile fruit 136.18%.
The test-results of consolidated statement 4, table 5 is known, and product of the present invention can significantly improve the fruit quality of Feizixiao Litchi, improves fruit commodity value, uses product of the present invention to increase production about 15% simultaneously, can significantly improve orchard worker's income.
Claims (4)
1. the production method of a high-efficiency multifunctional foliage fertilizer, it is characterized in that, described method adopts following steps: first pulverized by shrimp processing fent, respectively through acid hydrolysis and basic hydrolysis, add medium trace element chelating after mixed hydrolysis liquid to form, wherein, described base hydrolysis step divides two stages, first stage concentration be 10% ~ 20% potassium hydroxide be hydrolyzed, subordinate phase concentration be 30% ~ 45% potassium hydroxide be hydrolyzed; Wherein, before shrimp processing fent is pulverized, first described shrimp processing fent is placed self-dissolving at 25 ~ 50 DEG C and ferment for 24 ~ 48 hours, wherein, medium trace element is one or more in copper, iron, manganese, calcium, magnesium, molybdenum, boron and zinc.
2. a production method for high-efficiency multifunctional foliage fertilizer, is characterized in that, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) put into retort after being pulverized by shrimp processing fent, add the phosphoric acid of 10% ~ 30% of 1 ~ 5 times amount, stir, 90 DEG C ~ 110 DEG C hydrolysis 8 ~ 24 hours, agitation as appropriate in hydrolytic process, filtered, and collects filtrate;
(2) filter residue collected in (1) adds 10% ~ 20% potassium hydroxide of 1 ~ 3 times amount, stirs, and 90 DEG C ~ 110 DEG C hydrolysis 2 ~ 8 hours, agitation as appropriate in hydrolytic process, filtered, and collects filtrate;
(3) add 30% ~ 45% potassium hydroxide of 1 ~ 3 times amount in the filter residue collected in (2), stir, 90 DEG C ~ 110 DEG C hydrolysis 3 ~ 6 hours, agitation as appropriate in hydrolytic process;
(4) respectively the hydrolyzed solution collected in step (1) to step (3) is mixed, mixture pH is regulated to be 6.0 ~ 8.0, and add the inorganic salt mixt containing medium trace element of 2% ~ 8% wherein, be heated to 60 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C at ambient pressure, back flow reaction 1 ~ 2 hour, after chelatropic reaction terminates, regulate pH 3.5 ~ 8.0, obtain foliage fertilizer, wherein, medium trace element is one or more in copper, iron, manganese, calcium, magnesium, molybdenum, boron and zinc;
Pulverizing to take a step forward at described step shrimp processing fent and comprise fermentation step, is that shrimp processing fent is placed self-dissolving 24 ~ 48 hours at 25 ~ 50 DEG C.
3. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described medium trace element and content thereof is, copper 0.01% ~ 1%, iron 0.01% ~ 1%, manganese 0.5% ~ 4%, calcium 0.5% ~ 2%, magnesium 0.5% ~ 2%, boron 0.3% ~ 1%, zinc 0.01 ~ 2% and molybdenum 0.01% ~ 0.05%.
4. the fertilizer that the method described in Claims 2 or 3 obtains.
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| CN101591198A (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2009-12-02 | 湛江市博泰生物化工科技实业有限公司 | A kind of method of utilizing shrimp waste to prepare multifunctional foliage fertilizer |
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2011
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1502589A (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2004-06-09 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for preparing fertilizer by using krill |
| CN1785918A (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2006-06-14 | 邵建华 | Production of amino acid foliage fertilizer using weste crustacean and its crust |
| CN101591198A (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2009-12-02 | 湛江市博泰生物化工科技实业有限公司 | A kind of method of utilizing shrimp waste to prepare multifunctional foliage fertilizer |
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