Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve and lack at present high-efficiency plant nutrition agent, and can not make full use of the problem that rice husk is produced high-efficiency plant nutrition agent, provide of the present invention a kind of containing the organosilyl plant nutrient agent of oligose for this reason, this nutrition agent is easy to absorbed by crops, and utilization ratio is high, fertilizer efficiency period is long, has no side effect.
For addressing the above problem, its special character of the technical solution used in the present invention is to take described nutrition agent weight to contain as benchmark: oligose 0.1~4%, humic acids 1~10%, urea 0~50%, saltpetre 0~15%, potassium primary phosphate 0~15%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0~30%, trace element accounts for 0.1~5%, plant-growth regulator 0.1~5%, organosilicon extracting solution 10~80%, surplus is water;
Described organosilicon extracting solution is made by following steps: rice husk, microbiobacterial agent, water are mixed into rice husk/microbial inoculum/water mixture, and the described compound weight of take is benchmark, rice husk 50~75%, and microbial inoculum 0.5~1.5%, surplus is water; Described compound fermentation becomes the rear compound of fermentation for 72 hours, after described fermentation, compound adds the lixiviate of 20% (W/W) NaOH solution, after described fermentation, the mass ratio of compound and NaOH solution is 3.5: 1,90 ℃ of extraction temperatures, extraction time 5 hours, filter and remove residue after lixiviate (should adopt centrifuging), obtains tan organosilicon extracting solution;
Described microbial inoculum is subtilis, bacillus laterosporus and saccharomycetic composite fungus agent, and three's weight ratio is subtilis/bacillus laterosporus/yeast=(50~80)/(0~50)/(0~35).
Described oligose is the composition of two or more (containing two kinds) in xylo-oligosaccharide, oligomeric soya sugars, IMO.
Described plant-growth regulator is the composition of two or more in sodium nitrophenolate, α-naphthaleneacidsodium, rape element (containing two kinds).
Described microbiobacterial agent is the composition of two kinds in subtilis, bacillus laterosporus, cereuisiae fermentum above (containing two kinds).
After fermentation of the present invention, compound is 8-9 through the lixiviate of NaOH solution, filter and remove residue gained filtrate tune PH, is described organosilicon extracting solution; Wherein lixiviate is that alkali is slightly excessive, can adjust PH by adding citric acid.
Organosilicon extracting solution of the present invention is through adopting < < People's Republic of China (PRC) agricultural industry criteria. and the detection method in siliceous fertilizer (NY/T 797-2004) > > is measured, and described organosilicon extracting solution is containing silicon-dioxide 20-32.6%.
The most basic chemical fertilizer of plant is nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer.In the present invention, urea is nitrogenous fertilizer; Saltpetre, containing element N and K, is nitrogen-K composite fertilizer; Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium primary phosphate, containing element P and K, are phosphorus-K composite fertilizer.
Trace element in the present invention is trace element fertilizer, is called for short micro-fertilizer.
The present invention is containing plant-growth regulator (Plant growth regulator).Plant-growth regulator refers to. the material with coordinate plant growth growth and other functions contained or synthetic in plant.
The present invention is dissolved in water after oligose, humic acids, nitrogenous fertilizer, composite microbial fertilizer and plant-growth regulator are mixed in proportion, then adds the water of organosilicon extracting solution and surplus, makes plant nutrient agent of the present invention.The invention has the advantages that:
1, rice husk is got filtrate through microbiobacterial agent glycolysis, soda boiling (alkali lye heat lixiviate), centrifuging, extracts organosilicon, and pollution-free, nutritive substance loss is few, cost is low, active high, is easy to plant and absorbs, and can improve utilization rate of fertilizer, fertilizer efficiency period is long, has no side effect.
2, the present invention is except nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium and micro-fertilizer, and containing oligose, humic acids, plant-growth regulator, therefore complete function, wide spectrum, there is coordination crop growth, improve sugar, protein, nucleic acid content in plant materials, strengthen the activity of nitrate reductase, increase the accumulation of dry-matter, water balance in control agent, promotes the effects such as crop is precocious, degeneration-resistant, volume increase.
3, containing proposing the present invention of effective substance, siliceous fertilizer and synergistic matter compatibility, can improve plant cold resistance and stalk lodging resistance, balanced in nutrition, makes the various nutritive elements can be really absorbed by crops, reaches the quick-acting and long-acting feature of taking into account, and amount of increase in production is large.
Embodiment
One, the preparation of organosilicon extracting solution
By rice husk, microbiobacterial agent, water mixes, take compound weight as benchmark, rice husk 65%, microbial inoculum 1.0%, water 34% compound fermentation 72 hours, after fermentation, compound adds the lixiviate of 20% (W/W) NaOH solution, after fermentation, the mass ratio of compound and NaOH solution is 4.0: 1, 95 ℃ of extraction temperatures, extraction time 6 hours, centrifuging waste after lixiviate, it is 8.2 that filtrate adding citric acid is adjusted PH, obtain organosilicon extracting solution, adopting < < People's Republic of China (PRC) agricultural industry criteria. the detection method in siliceous fertilizer (NY/T 797-2004) > > is measured, described organosilicon extracting solution is containing silicon-dioxide 32.6%.
Subordinate list one: organosilicon extracting solution preparation method embodiment
Two, prepare Gramineae rice seedling water-soluble fertilizer-a kind of plant nutrient agent of the present invention
By xylo-oligosaccharide 0.4kg, soybean oligosaccharide 0.2kg, potassium humate 8kg, sodium nitrophenolate 0.8kg, Nafusaku 0.3kg, urea 30kg, potassium primary phosphate 4.5kg, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 5kg, four water eight Sodium Tetraborate 1kg, EDTA zinc 0.5kg, NaFeEDTA 0.5kg, the organosilicon extracting solution 40kg of step 1, water 8.8kg is mixed and made into obtain 100kg product of the present invention;
During use, thin up is 400~600 times.
The plant nutrient agent of the present embodiment is applicable to gramineous crop.This plant nutrient agent contains wheat, paddy rice, the needed various nutritive elements of corn growth and abundant organosilicon, can improve that crop is resistant to lodging, resistant to diseases and insects.This nutrition agent can excite the activity of enzyme, accelerate growing process, accelerate chlorophyllous synthetic and conversion, make crop tiller many, take root soon, can strengthen resistance, effectively suppress the generation of the diseases such as bacterial wilt, damping-off, banded sclerotial blight and rice blast, some physiological diseases such as low temperature freezing-disaster are had to rapid alleviation and restitution, can promote precocious 3-5 days, volume increase 12-18% left and right, 100-grain weight can increase 0.3-0.8 gram.
Three, preparation soybean (pulse family) water-soluble fertilizer-another plant nutrient agent of the present invention
By IMO 1.5kg, xylo-oligosaccharide 0.5kg, humic acids 10kg, plant-growth regulator rape element 0.1kg, α-naphthaleneacidsodium 0.4kg, urea 20kg, potassium primary phosphate 5kg, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 10kg, four water eight Sodium Tetraborate 3kg, EDTA zinc 0.5kg, NaFeEDTA 1kg, ammonium molybdate 0.2kg, the organosilicon extracting solution 30kg of step 1, water 17.8kg is mixed and made into obtain 100kg product of the present invention.
During use, thin up is 600~800 times.
This nutrition agent is applicable to leguminous crop.This nutrition agent contains leguminous crop (peanut, soybean, legume vegetable) grow needed various nutritive element and abundant organosilicon, can increase chlorophyllous synthetic and conversion, strengthen photosynthesis, beans leaflet, leaf roll, Huang Yeke are alleviated and turned green rapidly, and blade is unfolded, suppress the generation of root rot, anti continuous and alternative-year effect is remarkable; Can improve soybean and protect flower guarantor pod rate, precocious 3-5 days, volume increase 10% left and right, 100-grain weight can increase by 2.5 grams.
Four, prepare melon dish water-soluble fertilizer-another plant nutrient agent
By IMO 0.6kg, soybean oligosaccharide 1kg, xylo-oligosaccharide 0.4kg, plant-growth regulator sodium nitrophenolate 0.6kg, rape element 0.05kg, humic acids 8kg, urea 25kg, saltpetre 7kg, potassium primary phosphate 5kg, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 5kg, nitrocalcite 3kg, boric acid 1kg, EDTA zinc 0.8kg, NaFeEDTA 0.5kg, silicon extracting solution 30kg, water 12.5kg is mixed, and dilutes 500~700 times during use.
This nutrition agent is applicable to melon dish, fruit tree.This nutrition agent can make leaf vegetables blade increase rapidly, and bulb bag hearty cord is real.Can make that melon and solanaceous vegetables is bloomed early, percentage of fertile fruit is high, Fruit is fast, painted morning is even, local flavor is good, VITAMIN, sugar content are high, volume increase 15-35%; Can make fruit tree promote bud differentiation, reduce biennial bearing, anti-early spring Spring frost, percentage of fertile fruit is high, ripen in advance 5-10 days, volume increase 15-30%.
Subordinate list 2: the plant nutrient agent embodiment that only indicates oligose and plant-growth regulator weight percentage
Field test results of the present invention is below described.
One one kinds of plant nutrient agents containing oligose liquid silicon of field test results
Manure trial report on cucumber
According to the < < of Ministry of Agriculture registration management of fertilizer way > >, " fertilizer data registration request " and agricultural industry criteria < < fertilizer effect, identify field plot technique rules > > (NY/497-2002), for the effect of checking " containing a kind of oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent that contains " on cucumber production, special this test of arrangement.
1 materials and methods
1.1 material
Tested in the 5-6 month in 2007 and be arranged in the contracted field of Zhuji City Xi Yan township Qian Jiazhuan Qian Hong army, quality is middle earth, and soil fertility is better-than-average, and soil fertility is even.This field topsoil soils nutrient is: organic content 12.87g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content 86.7mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus (P
2o
5) 18.3mg/kg, available potassium (K
2o) 135mg/kg, preceding crop celery, yield level 3800kg.For studying thing cucumber, kind is Tianjin spring No. four.For examination fertilizer, be that " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " (name at that time, plant nutrient agent of the present invention, lower same) produced, provided by Zhejiang Tian Ling agricultural science and technology company limited.
1.2 method
Three processing are established in test altogether, adopt random district group to arrange, in triplicate, and community area 25m
2.
Process 1: conventional fertilizer application+every mu of each this fertilizer 50ml that uses converts clear water 30kg, in cucumber at seedling stage, initial bloom stage, each spray of fruiting period once, sprays altogether 3 times.
Process 2: conventional fertilizer application+spray with processing the dosage clear water such as 1 same period.
Process 3: conventional fertilizer application.
Experimental field on March 20th, 2007, grow seedlings, field planting on April 21.Every mu of bottom application fertilizer 5000kg before whole ground, composite fertilizer 60kg (15-15-15).Topdress 2 times, every mu imposes compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 30kg (15-15-15) at every turn, and urea 15kg waters 4 whole breeding time, prevention and elimination of disease and pests 8 times, and test is respectively on May 24th, 2007, June 11, June 28 spraying solution or clear water 3 times.Experimental field cucumber is gathered and take community and pluck single product respectively that claims as unit list, finally adds up to output.Test is except by the spraying solution or clear water of fertilising scheme requirement, and other control measures are with general land for growing field crops.
2 results and analysis
2.1 spray " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " becomes product factor impact on cucumber
Spraying " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " has improved cucumber and has become product factor.As known from Table 1: individual plant knot melon number is inconsistent.Process 1 and how processed 2 average individual plant knot melon numbers 0.5, process the long average 1.8cm of increasing of 2 average single sugar-preserved gourd, single melon galassing all increases 13.8g, processes 3 average weight gain 17.7g.This has illustrated and has sprayed the single fruit weight that " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " increased cucumber, for the high yield of cucumber has been laid certain basis.
Information slip is recorded in the field investigation of table 3 cucumber
(note: in table, data are the mean number repeating for three times)
2.2 spray " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " impact on cucumber yield
Spray " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " and can significantly increase cucumber yield.As shown in Table 2, process 1 and process 2 average every mu of increase 581.2kg, stimulation ratio is 13.6%, processes 1 and compares and increased production 611.4kg with processing 3, and stimulation ratio is 14.4%.In order to verify between processing whether have significant difference, cucumber is respectively processed to yield result and carry out variance analysis (in Table 3), between processing, reached utmost point conspicuous level.Adopt PLSD method to carry out multiple comparisons (in Table 4), can find out to process 1 with processing 2 and process 3 volume variances all to reach conspicuous level.As can be seen here, spraying " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " can increase the output of cucumber.
Table 4 is respectively processed cucumber yield cartogram
Table 5 variance analysis
Table 6 multiple comparisons
3 brief summaries
The test in 3.1 1 seasons shows, on the basis of conventional fertilizer application, from cucumber at seedling stage, start every mu of spray " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " and with this fertilizer 50ml, convert clear water 30kg at every turn, in seedling stage, initial bloom stage and fruiting period, spray altogether 3 times, the one-tenth that can improve cucumber produces factor, increases cucumber yield.Spray this liquid fertilizer and compare average mu volume increase cucumber 581.2kg with spray clear water, stimulation ratio is 13.6%, and Analysis of variance check volume variance reaches utmost point conspicuous level.
3.2 these test-results are only to being responsible for for examination fertilizer.
Tested unit: Zhejiang Tian Ling agricultural science and technology company limited
Test transactor: Zhou Jingjie
Reported date: 2010-08-07
Field test results two
" a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " manure trial report on apple
According to the < < of Ministry of Agriculture registration management of fertilizer way > >, " fertilizer data registration request " is identified the requirement of field plot technique rules > > (NY/497-2002) with < < fertilizer effect, for the effect of checking " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " in Henan Province's apple production, special this test of arrangement.
1 materials and methods
1.1 material
Test arrangement is at Henan Province's Shangqiu City
xiayicounty
hu Qiaotownship
hu Qiaovillage
lee generation armyorchard in.Great soil group is moisture soil, and soil fertility is medium, and soil fertility is even.This field topsoil soils nutrient is organic content 11.2g/kg, cracks nitrogen 80mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 16.4mg/kg, available potassium 120mg/kg.For studying thing apple, kind is " Fuji apple ", the age of tree 13 years, and tree vigo(u)r neat and consistent, level of management are higher.For examination fertilizer " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent ", by Zhejiang Tian Ling agricultural science and technology company limited, produce, provide.
1.2 method
3 processing are established in this test altogether, and random district group is arranged, and repeats 5 of every communities tree 3 times.
Process 1: habits fertilization+be watered 30kg with this fertilizer 80g, respectively sprays once at apple young fruit period and expanding stage respectively;
Process 2: habits fertilization+spray equivalent clear water 1 same period with processing;
Process 3: habits fertilization.
Test is carried out on the basis of local habits fertilization, and concrete fertilising is every mu of bottom application farm manure 6000kg; Growing period topdresses 3 times, for the first time every mu impose composite fertilizer 80kg, for the second time every mu impose composite fertilizer 100kg, for the third time every mu impose composite fertilizer 100kg.5~August is sprayed medicine prevention and elimination of disease and pests 6 times in test garden, intertill and clean tillage 3 times, and pour water once early stage.Experimental field apple sprays solution or clear water respectively on June 13rd, 2009, July 10 carrying out 2 times.Results Shi Yi community is that the unit single title of list receipts is counted and produced respectively.Test is except by the spraying solution or clear water of fertilising scheme requirement, and other control measures are with general land for growing field crops.
2 test results and analysis
2.1 spray " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " becomes product factor impact on apple
Spray " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " and improved the factor that apple becomes to produce.As can be seen from Table 1: the single fruit weight in average that sprays " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " is processed the 2 average 7.5g of increasing; Process the 3 average 7.6g of increasing; Illustrate and spray the single fruit weight that " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " increased apple, for apple production improves, laid good basis.
Information slip is recorded in the field investigation of table 1 apple
(note: in table, data are the mean number repeating for three times)
2.2 spray " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " impact on apple production
Spray " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " and improved apple production.As can be seen from Table 2: process 1 and process 2 average every mu of volume increase 434.4kg, stimulation ratio is 13.8%; Compare every mu of volume increase 475.0kg with processing 3, stimulation ratio is 15.2%.Each is processed to yield result and carry out variance analysis (in Table 3), volume variance reaches conspicuous level.Adopt PLSD method to carry out multiple comparisons (in Table 4), process 1 and reach conspicuous level with processing 2, processing 3 volume variances.As can be seen here, on the basis of habits fertilization, on apple, spray " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " and can improve output.
Table 2 is respectively processed apple test output statistics table
Table 3 analysis of variance table
Table 4 multiple comparisons table
3 brief summaries
3.1 show by experiment, on the basis of locality fertilising, in apple tree young fruit period, swollen fruit phase, respectively spray once " a kind of containing oligose liquid silicon organic nutrient aganic nutrient agent " 80g and be watered 30kg solution, with spray equivalent clear water the same period and compare, can improve economic characters, the raising output of apple, average every mu of volume increase 434.4kg, stimulation ratio is 13.8%, variance analysis volume variance reaches utmost point conspicuous level.
3.2 test-results are only responsible for fertilizer sample for test.
Test carrier: Soil In Henan Province fertilizer station
Test base unit: agrotechnical center, Xiayi County, Henan Province
Test transactor: Zhou Hongmei
Reported date: on October 30th, 2009